Little Rapids Project Held in 2012 and 2013 During the Engineering and Design Phase of the Project
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(P 117-140) Flood Pulse.Qxp
117 THE FLOOD PULSE CONCEPT: NEW ASPECTS, APPROACHES AND APPLICATIONS - AN UPDATE Junk W.J. Wantzen K.M. Max-Planck-Institute for Limnology, Working Group Tropical Ecology, P.O. Box 165, 24302 Plön, Germany E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The flood pulse concept (FPC), published in 1989, was based on the scientific experience of the authors and published data worldwide. Since then, knowledge on floodplains has increased considerably, creating a large database for testing the predictions of the concept. The FPC has proved to be an integrative approach for studying highly diverse and complex ecological processes in river-floodplain systems; however, the concept has been modified, extended and restricted by several authors. Major advances have been achieved through detailed studies on the effects of hydrology and hydrochemistry, climate, paleoclimate, biogeography, biodi- versity and landscape ecology and also through wetland restoration and sustainable management of flood- plains in different latitudes and continents. Discussions on floodplain ecology and management are greatly influenced by data obtained on flow pulses and connectivity, the Riverine Productivity Model and the Multiple Use Concept. This paper summarizes the predictions of the FPC, evaluates their value in the light of recent data and new concepts and discusses further developments in floodplain theory. 118 The flood pulse concept: New aspects, INTRODUCTION plain, where production and degradation of organic matter also takes place. Rivers and floodplain wetlands are among the most threatened ecosystems. For example, 77 percent These characteristics are reflected for lakes in of the water discharge of the 139 largest river systems the “Seentypenlehre” (Lake typology), elaborated by in North America and Europe is affected by fragmen- Thienemann and Naumann between 1915 and 1935 tation of the river channels by dams and river regula- (e.g. -
Deposition Patterns and Rates of Mining-Contaminated Sediment Within a Sedimentation Basin System, S.E
BearWorks Institutional Repository MSU Graduate Theses Spring 2017 Deposition Patterns and Rates of Mining- Contaminated Sediment within a Sedimentation Basin System, S.E. Missouri Joshua Carl Voss Missouri State University - Springfield, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://bearworks.missouristate.edu/theses Part of the Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment Commons, Environmental Monitoring Commons, and the Hydrology Commons Recommended Citation Voss, Joshua Carl, "Deposition Patterns and Rates of Mining-Contaminated Sediment within a Sedimentation Basin System, S.E. Missouri" (2017). MSU Graduate Theses. 3074. http://bearworks.missouristate.edu/theses/3074 This article or document was made available through BearWorks, the institutional repository of Missouri State University. The orkw contained in it may be protected by copyright and require permission of the copyright holder for reuse or redistribution. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DEPOSITION PATTERNS AND RATES OF MINING-CONTAMINATED SEDIMENT WITHIN A SEDIMENTATION BASIN SYSTEM, BIG RIVER, S.E. MISSOURI A Masters Thesis Presented to The Graduate College of Missouri State University ATE In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science, Geospatial Sciences in Geography, Geology, and Planning By Josh C. Voss May 2017 Copyright 2017 by Joshua Carl Voss ii DEPOSITION PATTERNS AND RATES OF MINING-CONTAMINATED SEDIMENT WITHIN A SEDIMENTATION BASIN SYSTEM, BIG RIVER, S.E. MISSOURI Geography, Geology, and Planning Missouri State University, May 2017 Master of Science Josh C. Voss ABSTRACT Flooding events exert a dominant control over the deposition and formation of floodplains. The rate at which floodplains form depends on flood magnitude, frequency, and duration, and associated sediment transport capacity and supply. -
Lesson 4: Sediment Deposition and River Structures
LESSON 4: SEDIMENT DEPOSITION AND RIVER STRUCTURES ESSENTIAL QUESTION: What combination of factors both natural and manmade is necessary for healthy river restoration and how does this enhance the sustainability of natural and human communities? GUIDING QUESTION: As rivers age and slow they deposit sediment and form sediment structures, how are sediments and sediment structures important to the river ecosystem? OVERVIEW: The focus of this lesson is the deposition and erosional effects of slow-moving water in low gradient areas. These “mature rivers” with decreasing gradient result in the settling and deposition of sediments and the formation sediment structures. The river’s fast-flowing zone, the thalweg, causes erosion of the river banks forming cliffs called cut-banks. On slower inside turns, sediment is deposited as point-bars. Where the gradient is particularly level, the river will branch into many separate channels that weave in and out, leaving gravel bar islands. Where two meanders meet, the river will straighten, leaving oxbow lakes in the former meander bends. TIME: One class period MATERIALS: . Lesson 4- Sediment Deposition and River Structures.pptx . Lesson 4a- Sediment Deposition and River Structures.pdf . StreamTable.pptx . StreamTable.pdf . Mass Wasting and Flash Floods.pptx . Mass Wasting and Flash Floods.pdf . Stream Table . Sand . Reflection Journal Pages (printable handout) . Vocabulary Notes (printable handout) PROCEDURE: 1. Review Essential Question and introduce Guiding Question. 2. Hand out first Reflection Journal page and have students take a minute to consider and respond to the questions then discuss responses and questions generated. 3. Handout and go over the Vocabulary Notes. Students will define the vocabulary words as they watch the PowerPoint Lesson. -
Characterizing the Flow Regime in Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis) Incubation Habitats and the Implications for Management in a Hydro-Regulated River
Characterizing the flow regime in Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) incubation habitats and the implications for management in a hydro-regulated river by Stephen Slongo A Master’s thesis presented in Partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Forestry Faculty of Natural Resources Management Lakehead University Thunder Bay, Ontario January 2018 1 Abstract Hydropower accounts for more than one third of Ontario Power Generation’s electrical production. Hydroelectric development often occurs on rivers that also support recreational fisheries. The construction and operation of dams, diversions and generating facilities unavoidably influence the ecological function of rivers. The Aguasabon River is a northern Canadian Shield river with major developments for water diversion, storage, and power generation. This river offers opportunity to examine the importance of vertical flows through the substrate at a Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) spawning area. The vertical and horizontal hydraulic gradients and subsequent water temperature changes are the subject of this study. Piezometers were used to monitor the river and subsurface water levels near Brook Trout redds during the spawning and incubation period under normal and increasing discharge conditions. The Brook Trout spawning area in the Aguasabon River experienced upwelling conditions for the entire monitoring period (Oct 28th, 2016 – Jan 13th, 2017) before water release at the Long Lake Control Dam (LLCD). Hyporheic temperatures declined gradually, remaining >3.7 °C. The river temperature in the winter before water release was 1.5 °C. Rapid increase in water level after discharge from above the LLCD resulted in the reversal of flow in the hyporheic zone. -
Biogeochemical and Metabolic Responses to the Flood Pulse in a Semi-Arid Floodplain
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by DigitalCommons@USU 1 Running Head: Semi-arid floodplain response to flood pulse 2 3 4 5 6 Biogeochemical and Metabolic Responses 7 to the Flood Pulse in a Semi-Arid Floodplain 8 9 10 11 with 7 Figures and 3 Tables 12 13 14 15 H. M. Valett1, M.A. Baker2, J.A. Morrice3, C.S. Crawford, 16 M.C. Molles, Jr., C.N. Dahm, D.L. Moyer4, J.R. Thibault, and Lisa M. Ellis 17 18 19 20 21 22 Department of Biology 23 University of New Mexico 24 Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131 USA 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 present addresses: 32 33 1Department of Biology 2Department of Biology 3U.S. EPA 34 Virginia Tech Utah State University Mid-Continent Ecology Division 35 Blacksburg, Virginia 24061 USA Logan, Utah 84322 USA Duluth, Minnesota 55804 USA 36 540-231-2065, 540-231-9307 fax 37 [email protected] 38 4Water Resources Division 39 United States Geological Survey 40 Richmond, Virginia 23228 USA 41 1 1 Abstract: Flood pulse inundation of riparian forests alters rates of nutrient retention and 2 organic matter processing in the aquatic ecosystems formed in the forest interior. Along the 3 Middle Rio Grande (New Mexico, USA), impoundment and levee construction have created 4 riparian forests that differ in their inter-flood intervals (IFIs) because some floodplains are 5 still regularly inundated by the flood pulse (i.e., connected), while other floodplains remain 6 isolated from flooding (i.e., disconnected). -
Classifying Rivers - Three Stages of River Development
Classifying Rivers - Three Stages of River Development River Characteristics - Sediment Transport - River Velocity - Terminology The illustrations below represent the 3 general classifications into which rivers are placed according to specific characteristics. These categories are: Youthful, Mature and Old Age. A Rejuvenated River, one with a gradient that is raised by the earth's movement, can be an old age river that returns to a Youthful State, and which repeats the cycle of stages once again. A brief overview of each stage of river development begins after the images. A list of pertinent vocabulary appears at the bottom of this document. You may wish to consult it so that you will be aware of terminology used in the descriptive text that follows. Characteristics found in the 3 Stages of River Development: L. Immoor 2006 Geoteach.com 1 Youthful River: Perhaps the most dynamic of all rivers is a Youthful River. Rafters seeking an exciting ride will surely gravitate towards a young river for their recreational thrills. Characteristically youthful rivers are found at higher elevations, in mountainous areas, where the slope of the land is steeper. Water that flows over such a landscape will flow very fast. Youthful rivers can be a tributary of a larger and older river, hundreds of miles away and, in fact, they may be close to the headwaters (the beginning) of that larger river. Upon observation of a Youthful River, here is what one might see: 1. The river flowing down a steep gradient (slope). 2. The channel is deeper than it is wide and V-shaped due to downcutting rather than lateral (side-to-side) erosion. -
River Processes- Erosion, Transportation and Deposition Task 1: for Each of the Processes of Erosion and Transportation Draw a Diagram Show the Process at Work
River Processes- Erosion, Transportation and Deposition Task 1: For each of the processes of erosion and transportation draw a diagram show the process at work In the upper course of the main process is Erosion. This is where the bed and banks of the river are worn away. A river can erode in one of four ways: Process Definition Diagram Hydraulic the sheer force of water hitting the action banks of the river: Abrasion fine material rubs against the riverbank The bank is worn away by a sand- papering action called abrasion, and collapses. This occurs on the outside of meanders. Attrition material is moved along the bed of a river, collides with other material, and breaks up into smaller pieces. Corrosion rocks forming the banks and bed of a river are dissolved by acids in the water. Once the material is eroded it can then be transported by one of four ways, which will depend upon the energy of the river: Process Definition Diagram Traction large rocks and boulders are rolled along the bed of the river. Saltation smaller stones are bounced along the bed of the river Suspension fine material which is carried by the water and which gives the river its 'muddy' colour. Solution dissolved material transported by the river. In the middle and lower course, the land is much flatter, this means that the river is flowing more slowly and has much less energy. The river starts to deposit (drop) the material that it has been carry Deposition Challenge: Add labels onto the diagram to show where all of the processes could be happening in the river channel. -
Impacts of a Flood Pulsing Hydrology on Plants and Invertebrates in Riparian Wetlands
IMPACTS OF A FLOOD PULSING HYDROLOGY ON PLANTS AND INVERTEBRATES IN RIPARIAN WETLANDS A dissertation submitted to Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Maureen K. Drinkard August 2012 Dissertation written by Maureen K. Drinkard B.S., Kent State University, 2003 Ph.D., Kent State University, 2012 Approved by ___Ferenc de Szalay_, Chair, Doctoral Dissertation Committee ___Mark Kershner_______, Members, Doctoral Dissertation Committee _____Oscar Rocha________, ____Mandy Munro-Stasiuk_, Accepted by _____James Blank______, Chair, Department of Biological Sciences ______Raymond Craig___, Dean, College of Arts and Sciences ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................... vi LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................. vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................... x CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 1 Dissertation Goals ............................................................................................. 1 Definition of the Flood Pulse Concept .............................................................. 2 Ecological and economic importance ............................................................... 3 Impacts of environmental -
Outlook for Break-Up of Ice on the St.Lawrence Seaway & Lake Erie Issued by the Canadian Ice Service
OUTLOOK FOR BREAK-UP OF ICE ON THE ST.LAWRENCE SEAWAY & LAKE ERIE ISSUED BY THE CANADIAN ICE SERVICE Issued by Canadian Ice Service of Environment and Climate Change Canada Prepared for The Saint-Lawrence Seaway Management Corporation 2 February 2021 CURRENT CONDITIONS Average temperatures over Lake Erie, Lake Ontario, and the Seaway have been well above normal values consistently since the start of the ice season in early November until near the end of January. At the end of January, temperatures were near to below normal. The highest temperature anomalies occurred in the second half of December and first half of January. The table below indicates the departure from normal temperatures at specific locations, on a bi- weekly basis, for the period from mid-November to the end of January: November December January 16 Nov. – 16-30 31 Jan 01-15 16-31 01-15 16-31 Montreal +2.0 ºC +4.0ºC +4.1ºC +6.8ºC +0.9ºC +3.6ºC Kingston +2.8ºC +2.3ºC +3.2ºC +5.4ºC +1.0ºC +2.9ºC Windsor +1.5ºC +1.3ºC +2.0ºC +4.3ºC +1.4ºC +2.2ºC Table 1: Departure from normal temperatures With the warm conditions experienced through November across the southern Great Lakes (Erie and Ontario), no ice formed in November. The first ice was recorded on December 16th in the Bay of Quinte and in sheltered bays in eastern Lake Ontario, which was a week earlier than normal. In Lake Erie, the first ice was seen a week and a half later, on December 26th, in line with climatology. -
NIAGARA RIVER WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PLAN (Phase 1)
ATLAS NIAGARA RIVER WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PLAN (Phase 1) September 2013 During the development of the Niagara River Watershed Management Plan (Phase 1), an impressive collection of existing plans, studies, reports, data, information and maps were gathered and reviewed to help establish the overall physical, biological and ecological conditions of the Niagara River Watershed. This Atlas is a full assembly of these resources, providing a comprehensive record of previous watershed efforts utilized in the watershed management planning process. NIAGARA RIVER WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PLAN Developed By: 1250 Niagara Street Buffalo, NY 14213 Buffalo Niagara RIVERKEEPER® is a community‐based organization dedicated to protecting the quality and quantity of water, while connecting people to water. We do this by cleaning up pollution from our waterways, restoring fish and wildlife habitat, and enhancing public access through greenways that expand parks and open space. In Conjunction with: 2919 Delaware Ave. 478 Main Street Kenmore, NY 14217 Buffalo, NY 14202 Financial support for the development of this Atlas and the Niagara River Watershed Management Plan (Phase 1) is from the New York State Department of State with funds provided under Title 11 of the Environmental Protection Fund. For more information on the Niagara River Watershed Management Plan (Phase 1), or to become involved in our regional watershed’s protection and restoration, visit Buffalo Niagara RIVERKEEPER® online at www.bnriverkeeper.org. For more information regarding watershed planning in New York State, visit the NYS Department of State’s website at www.nyswaterfronts.com/watershed_home.asp. 1 NIAGARA RIVER WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PLAN 2 NIAGARA RIVER WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PLAN Atlas Layout The Atlas has been divided into the following sections that correspond with the watershed as a whole and the 11 sub-watersheds that make up the Niagara River watershed. -
Water Life: Riffles and Pools Stream Ecosystems Provide a Habitat Or
Water Life: Riffles and Pools Stream ecosystems provide a habitat or natural environment for many diverse aquatic organisms and plants. A deeper look indicates each stream has a distinctive anatomy as each is composed of a series of pools, riffles and runs. Pools: An area of the stream characterized by deep depths and slow current. Pools are typically created by the vertical force of water falling down over logs or boulders. The movement of the water carves a deeper indentation in the stream bed. Pools are important because they can provide depth and still water. Riffles: An area of stream characterized by shallow depths with fast, turbulent water. The riffles are short segments of the stream where water flow is agitated by rocks. The rocky Adapted from: bottom provides protection from predators, food http://share3.esd105.wednet.edu/rsandelin/ees/Resources/Flowing%20water%20concepts.htm deposition and shelter. Riffle depths vary depending upon stream size, but can be as shallow as 1 inch or deep as 1 meter. The turbulence and stream flow results in high dissolved oxygen concentration. Run: An area of stream characterized by moderate current, continuous surface and depths greater than riffles. Runs are stretches of the stream downstream of pools and riffles where stream flow and current are moderate. The smooth surface allows for light to penetrate. Microhabitats: Habitats are the natural environment in which an organism lives. The distinguishing abiotic conditions of riffles, pools and runs result in specialized environments that are known as microhabitats. The abiotic conditions (dissolved oxygen, turbidity, light and temperature) of these microhabitats can influence which aquatic species can survive and reproduce at that given location and time. -
French River Provincial Park Management Plan
French River Provincial Park Management Plan November 1993 C 1993 Queen’s Printer for Ontario Printed in Ontario, Canada For more information or additional copies of this publication contact: Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, 199 Larch St., Sudbury, Ontario, P3E 5P9. Telephone (705) 675-4120 Approval Statement We are pleased to approve this revised Management Plan as official policy for the French River Provincial Park. The plan reflects the Ministry of Natural Resources’ intent to protect the natural and cultural features of French River Provincial Park while maintaining high quality opportunities for outdoor recreation and heritage appreciation for Ontario’s residents and visitors. The Park’s original management plan was written in 1986 when the French River became the first Canadian Heritage River in Canada. French River Provincial Park was established in 1989. The River is unique within Ontario’s Provincial Park system as the largest waterway park draining into the Great Lakes. A drainageway in this part of the Canadian Shield proceeded the last glacial period, which began 45, 000 years ago. The Park contains an extensive bedrock delta and a fault controlled main river channel. Shoreline habitats from Georgian Bay to Lake Nipissing including wetlands and upland forests. The waterway is an ancient travel route, which has been used since cultures inhabited this part of Ontario 6,000 years ago. It has been an important recreation and tourism area for 100 years. Today the scenic quality of the River continues to be an outstanding attraction for visitors. The policies in this Plan are consistent with new implementation details on province wide policies for park planning and management.