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Ius Publicum N° 20 IUS PUBLICUM Nº 20 / 2008 Escuela de Derecho Universidad Santo Tomás IUS PUBLICUM Nº 20 / 2008 Escuela de Derecho Universidad Santo Tomás © Universidad Santo Tomás, 1998 ISSN 0717- 4063 Impreso en Andros Impresores www.androsimpresores.cl Santa Elena 1955 - Santiago de Chile IUS PUBLICUM Publicación semestral de la Escuela de Derecho Universidad Santo Tomás DIRECTOR: Prof. Eduardo Soto Kloss CONSEJO CIENTÍFICO: Prof. Álvaro D’Ors (†) (Universidad de Navarra) - Prof. Miguel S. Marienhoff (†) - Prof. Antonio Carlos Pereira Menaut (Universidad de Santiago de Compostela) - Prof. Miguel Ayuso Torres (Universidad de Comillas/España) - Prof. Francisco González Navarro (Tribunal Supremo, España) - Prof. Mariano R. Brito (Universidad de Montevideo) - Prof. Rodolfo C. Barra (Universidad Católica Argentina/Buenos Aires) - Prof. Bernardino Bravo Lira (Instituto de Chile). CONSEJO DE REDACCIÓN: Prof. Eugenio Pérez de Francisco (Universidad Francisco de Victoria / Madrid) - Prof. Marcelo Elissalde Martel (Universidad Santo Tomás) - Prof. Joaquín García-Huidobro (Universidad de los Andes) - Prof. José I. Martínez Estay (Universidad de los Andes) - Prof. Hugo Zepeda Coll (Universidad Santo Tomás). SECRETARIOS DE REDACCIÓN: Profesores Juan Jorge Lazo Rodríguez e Iván Aróstica Maldonado REPRESENTANTE LEGAL: Fernando de la Jara Goyeneche Redacción y Administración de Ius Publicum Avenida Ejército 146 - 6º piso teléfonos 362 4821- 362 4849 • fax 360 1376 e-mail: [email protected] Santiago de Chile Suscripción anual (2 números): Chile $ 20.000. (IVA incl.) Extranjero aéreo certificado: $US 50. Ejemplar suelto: $ 10.000. (IVA incl.) Enviar cheque nominativo y cruzado a nombre de Universidad Santo Tomás. Las solicitudes de compra, suscripción, canje y colaboraciones dirigirlas a IUS PUBLICUM Avenida Ejército 146 - 6º piso (edificio Rectoría) - Santiago de Chile. Los puntos de vista manifestados en IUS PUBLICUM expresan el concepto de los autores que en esta revista escriben, y no representan necesariamente la opinión de la Institución. IUS PUBLICUM se publica semestralmente por la Escuela de Derecho de la Universidad Santo Tomás. Vol. 10 Nº 20 MARZO 2008 ÍNDICE ESTUDIOS KLAUS DROSTE: ¿Cuál es el cimiento de la justicia, condición para la paz y la justicia entre los hombres? .................................................................. 13 DANILO CASTELLANO: La finalidad de la política .......................................... 19 MIGUEL AYUSO: Las aporías de la democracia como forma de Estado ......... 29 TOMÀS DE MONTAGUT ESTRAGUÉS: La cultura jurídica europea del ius commune (s. XII-XV): la teoría y la práctica de sus juristas ................................... 39 EUSTAQUIO GALÁN: Franco: ¿tiranía o dictadura? ........................................ 53 BERNARDINO BRAVO LIRA: Alemania Oriental y Chile. La asfixia del poder ... 59 JOSÉ ANTONIO DÍEZ FERNÁNDEZ: La consolidación del derecho a la objeción de conciencia del farmacéutico en la jurisprudencia española ............ 71 EDUARDO SOTO KLOSS: ¿Es la responsabilidad del Estado una responsabilidad “extracontractual” como para aplicarle las normas reguladoras del Código Civil en la materia? ............................................................................. 81 IVÁN ARÓSTICA MALDONADO: Los contenciosos administrativos especiales en la legislación chilena. Una visión crítica a la luz de la Constitución ..... 85 CRÓNICA CRÍSPULO MARMOLEJO G.: Thomas Aquinas ................................................ 107 ALEJANDRA GAJARDO UGÁS: Personalismo ontológico y sus elementos esenciales ........................................................................................... 109 SERGIO NÚÑEZ RAMÍREZ: ¿Salario ético o salarios participativos? ................. 113 JOSÉ ANTONIO URETA ZAÑARTU: “No discriminación” ................................. 115 NOTICIAS GLOBALES: Reino Unido: La última trinchera de la familia ............ 119 JOSÉ MIGUEL IBÁÑEZ LANGLOIS: Pilato, ¿el demócrata perfecto? ................... 121 MONS. HÉCTOR AGUER: Proclamación de la verdad .................................... 123 AICA: La ONU y la OMS manipulan estadísticas de mortalidad materna ..... 126 AlbA: El juez Bermúdez sabe contar .......................................................... 127 ALEX ROSAL: El espíritu de la checa ............................................................ 128 TEMAS Y NOTICIAS: Aniversario del genocidio ucraniano ............................. 129 AICA: Asesinatos de niños por nacer............................................................ 130 JOSÉ ARAGÓN: Carta a mi madre ................................................................. 132 AICA: El pensamiento masónico no es compatible con la fe........................ 134 DOCUMENTOS S.S. BENEDICTO XVI: Discurso de Su Santidad Benedicto XVI a los participantes en la sesión plenaria de la Comisión Teológica Internacional. Viernes 5 de octubre de 2007 ............................................................................ 137 S.S. BENEDICTO XVI: Discurso del Santo Padre Benedicto XVI a los participantes en un Congreso internacional de farmacéuticos católicos. Lunes 29 de octubre de 2007 ................................................................................. 140 S.S. BENEDICTO XVI: Mensaje del Santo Padre Benedicto XVI al Director General de la FAO con motivo de la Jornada Mundial de la Alimentación. 4 de octubre de 2007 ......................................................................... 142 S.S. BENEDICTO XVI: Encuentro con las autoridades y el cuerpo diplomático. Discurso del Santo Padre Benedicto XVI con ocasión del 850 aniver- sario de la Fundación del Santuario de Mariazell, Austria. Sala de las Recepciones de la residencia de Hofburg, Viena. Viernes 7 de septiembre de 2007 ............................................................................................ 144 S.S. BENEDICTO XVI: Familia y paz. Con motivo de la celebración de la Jornada Mundial de la Paz, el Papa afirma que la familia es la base de la paz en el mundo ............................................................................................ 149 S.S. BENEDICTO XVI: Discurso del Papa Benedicto XVI a un foro de orga- nizaciones no gubernamentales de inspiración católica. Sábado 1 de diciembre de 2007 ............................................................................. 156 CONGREGACIÓN PARA LA DOCTRINA DE LA FE: La Congregación para la Doctrina de la Fe responde a la Conferencia Episcopal de EE.UU. señalando que es obligatorio suministrar alimento y agua a los pacientes en estado vegetativo. 14 de septiembre de 2007 ................................................ 159 ÁNGELO CARDENAL SODANO: Discurso del Cardenal Ángelo Sodano con ocasión de la inauguración del monumento a Juan Pablo II en la Casa Central de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. 26 de septiembre de 2007 .............................................................................................. 161 COMITÉ PERMANENTE DE LA CONFERENCIA EPISCOPAL DE CHILE: Educar para la paz, desafío para Chile. 14 de septiembre de 2007 ............................. 167 JUAN ANTONIO REIG PLA: La Familia, Patrimonio de la Humanidad ............. 169 JUAN ANTONIO REIG PLA: La ideología de la confusión ............................... 171 JOHN FLYNN, L. C.: La dictadura de la “tolerancia” .................................... 175 MARTA EhlERS BUSTAMANTE: Sintonía con el Papa ...................................... 179 IGLESIA EN SAN BERNARDO: ¿Defensa de la vida o imposición de la muerte? .... 181 TEMAS PÚBLICOS: Libertad, píldora y farmacias .............................................. 183 CRISTÓBAL ORREGO: La píldora de la verdad ............................................... 189 NOTICIAS GLOBALES: Para borrar el orden natural ........................................ 191 GONZALO VIAL CORREA: El Estado de Chile “no se la puede” ..................... 197 ASOCIACIÓN POR LOS DERECHOS CIVILES (ADC): La justicia obliga a adecuar todas las estaciones de los subterráneos para discapacitados .............. 201 ACCIÓN FAMILIA: Caos y contradicción, dos características del año 2007.... 203 JURISPRUDENCIA Corte de Apelaciones de Valparaíso - 16.10.2007. Responsabilidad del Estado/fisco por daños producidos en Hospital Naval (Comentario de E. Soto Kloss) 209 RECENSIONES Y RESEÑAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS RECENSIONES FRANCISCO JAVIER CONDE: Teoría y sistema de las formas políticas. Estudio preliminar “Javier Conde, jurista de Estado” (Guillermo Hierrezuelo Conde) 223 RESEÑA DE LIBROS 227 RESEÑA DE REVISTAS 229 EDICIONES IUS PUBLICUM 237 ESTUDIOS FILOSOFÍA DEL DERECHO ¿CUÁL ES EL CIMIENTO DE LA JUSTICIA, CONDICIÓN PARA LA PAZ Y LA JUSTICIA ENTRE LOS HOMBRES? Klaus Droste* Siendo el hombre naturalmente social, para su desarrollo cultural y el cultivo de la amistad es necesario que se ordene en aquellas materias vinculadas a las demás personas. Las virtudes morales le perfeccionan en las cosas que le son convenientes respecto de sí mismo. Sin embargo, la perfección de la vida activa1, que consiste principalmente en dar cosas a los demás, está en la justicia, que inclina a devolver lo que se debe y dar lo que corresponde. Desde este orden, se dispone la persona, de alguna manera, a la amistad con los demás. Se dice que algo es justo, con precisión terminológica, cuando se ha consumado totalmente un acto de justicia, es decir, el acto que resguarda íntegramente el derecho, objeto propio de esta virtud moral2. Y se deno- mina derecho, en sentido originario, a la cosa justa misma3. Lo justo
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