70 T H E PE OPLE OF000 ;

THE EVEN TH DAY ABBATH

’ E N J OIN E D ON ISR A E L ;

—A N D

9 § 5 33 3 E A E £ E E § E E E § E

B Y A L FR E D E A R L E M D , . .

PH ILA D E LPH IA PA , .

P H I L A D E L PH I A S E L D E N B R O . , P R I N T E R N 15 h h O . t in Nor N t Street . E n ter ed a cco r d in to a ct th e 1881 g of Congress , in year . by A L FR E D E A R L E M D , .

I n th e Ofiice th e a t t . of Librarian of Congress , Washing on HIS little book is not design ed to be an exhaustive disquisition of the topics on

which it trea ts ; but merely a compen

’ dium o f the author s views, with a few

f n T h e o the leading arguments i their su pport . importance of the subject dema nds its investigation as of or it involves the question the legal , spiritual , n of ature the dispensation under which we live . The Sabbath belonged to the ministration of condem na tio n

’ and death ; the Lord s Day is under that o f the spirit

of of the and righteousness . The latter has none t properties peculiar o the former . We might with a s s u of much propriety a s me, that the fourth day the m of " onth July, kept by the people the nited States

our n n of as atio al birthday, came in the room the s of eventh day the month Thargelion , observed at

A n mm r o o f of a s the s in co emo ati n the birth Apollo, iv PROEM .

’ or to assert, that the first day of the week, Lord s Day , is to be hallowed as a substitute for the seventh day

Sabbath of the Jews . To show that they are distinct institutions ; the Sabbath a divine requirement under

’ u the law, the Lord s Day a vol ntary observance under

is the gospel the chief object of the following pages .

In the preparation of this work, we have aimed at br evitv and perspicuity in the hope of securing its

of n perusal by a much larger number readers, tha would have been the case, had we furnished an elab orate production . But notwithstanding its concise

o ur ness, we think our proofs are ample, and posi tions impregnable .

a We e rnestly desire and pray, that the church may speedily divest herself of every shred of Judaism

to and Romanism, that may attach her that she may

n s awake and put on her beautiful garme t (Is . lii . L); i and that she may look forth as the morning, fa r as the moon, clear as the sun, and terrible as an army 10 with banners . Cant . vi . . B E FT PI 0 R O O CS.

1st —G ’ t D a R t . od s Seven h y es ,

2d —T h e t R t to th e P G o d . Sabba h es eople of ,

3d —N o S t th e P t A . abba h During a riarchal ges ,

4 h — i th e t t . Orig n of Sabba h ,

5th -T h e t i . Sabba h Enj o ned on Israel Only ,

6th —T h e t it . Sinaic Covenan made w h Israel ,

7th —T h e t t th e i n o f . Sabba h Commemora ive of Del vera ce ti B 43 Israel from Egyp an ondage ,

9th —T h e t t . Sabba h a Res , — 10th . T h e P t S t enal y for abba h Breaking ,

11 h — 1 i fi G ’ D a R t t . Typ ica S gni cance of od s Seventh y es and th e t D a t Seven h y Sabba h , i2th — t th e t . Abroga ion of Old Covenan

13th —T h e ’ D a . Lord s y

14th - . Concordance ,

’ h G o d s S eve n t D a y R e st.

OD’S seventh day rest is recorded in these words

A nd on the seventh day, God ended his work

which he made ; and he rested on the seventh day

G od from all his work which he made . And blessed

s u on the eventh day, and hallowed it ; beca se it he

a ll G od rested from his work, which created in mak i ”— t. 2 3 ing Gen . ii . , .

The text announces, that — l st. On s G od the eventh day, ended his work which he made .

2d - d r . G o ested on the seventh day from all his work which he made ; and — 3d . a a ll Bec use on it he rested from his work ,

G od l which created in making it, he b essed the sev enth day and hallowed it . ’ 8 s on s SE V E N T D A Y R E ST H .

was six s It Jehovah alone, who in the first day m e r ade heaven and arth , the sea, and all that we e in them and it was he alone wh o rested on the seventh da his w y from all work , hich he created in making

xx n ot it (Ex . . man, nor any other creatures . It was t n not a rest of inactivi y, but a cessatio from all his work which he made on the previous six days .

is His resting does not imply passivity, for there noth

his ea ing passive in nature ; nor that he c sed to act,

a ctus sim licissimus to for as he is p , he cannot cease be a s ctive . Jesus ays My Father works hitherto, I ” - 17 and work . John v . . Nor can he act without a d esign ; nor entertain a purpose without a reason . The only reason here stated for his blessing and hal lowing the first seventh day, is, because on it he rested

a . from all his work, which he cre ted in making it

God blessed and hallowed the first seventh day ; not every succeeding seventh day . He blessed it ; made it a day of happiness to all sentient existences ;

to a joyous day the myriads of holy angels, who ex ul ted over the sublime architect ure that had been produced out of nothing ; a blissful day to the first

in m of his o Adam, made the i age Creat r, instated in ’ B E ST 9 Gon s SEVENTH DAY .

t th e e a nd Eden , invested wi h subordinat ownership

of new- d n supremacy the born world , and omi ion over the lower animals ; and to Eve his compa nion and helper ; and a da y of harmless pl easure to the co untless varieties of living creatures that inhabited the earth, the air, and the waters . He hallowed it set it apart from the previous six days, and all others in the future ; as the day that completed the creation

o n v week, and which sin was unknown in the uni erse

f d i n o G o . Jehovah The attr butes of Deity , radiati g

the o f from divine centre, illumined the whole realm

fl of nature, every object re ecting the glory its infinite author .

t The firs seventh day, thus blessed and hallowed , h although segregated from all other days, was bot proleptical and typical .

to It was proleptical of the seventh day Sabbath , be imposed upon Israel after the lapse of about twenty-five centuries and incorporated in the Sinaic

is covenant, to be made with that nation . This evi dent from the language employed by Moses in the en unciation of the fourth section o f the Decalogue

Remember the Sabbath Day, to keep it holy . ’ 10 s on s SEVENTH DAY REST .

tliou Six days shalt labor, and do all thy work . But the seventh day is the Sabbath of Jehovah thy G o d in it thou shalt not do any work ; thou , nor thy son ,

- th m nor thy daughter ; thy man servant , nor y aid servant nor thy cattle ; nor thy stranger that is

in SI" a within thy gates. For days Jehov h made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that are in them , and rested the Seventh da y ; wherefore Jehovah blessed ” —11 8 . the Sabbath Day, and hallowed it . Ex . xx . 17 Compare Ex . xxxi . . T h e S a bba th R e st

T T H E P E PL E O F G O D O O .

’ G OD S seventh day rest was typical of the gospel i day, and the rest nto which comers to Christ enter when they believe on him ; as is clearly set forth in

r e the letter to the Hebrews . The sacred writer, ferring to Ps . xcv . 8 says

f Where ore, as the Holy Spirit says

T o - i i i day , f ye w ll hear his vo ce ,

n o t t th e t Harden your hear s , as in provoca ion , I n th e day of th e temptation in th e wilderness h t t t W ere your fa hers emp ed me , P t roved me , and saw my works , for y years . I ff i t t t ti Wherefore , was o ended w h ha genera on A n d I i : a t t i t sa d They alw ys go as ray in he r hear , And they knew n o t my ways ; As I swore in my wrath

n o t t i t ” - - t . H eb 7 1 1 They shall en er n o my res . iii . .

W e turn to the Psalm , and read

T o - to i i day , if ye will hearken h s vo ce "

H n o t t a t M l b a h arden your hear , as er 12 THE SABBATH REST .

th e M in th e As in day of assah , wilderness . Where your fa thers tempted me t i They r ed me , also saw my work .

Forty years did I loathe th e generation I i : T t t i t And sa d hey are a people ha err n hear , And t hey know n o t my ways ;

I a i t Wherefore h ve sworn n my wra h , ” n o t t i t —P —11 t. s . 8 They shall en er n o my res xcv . .

Before we trace the line of a rgument instituted in

to the letter the Hebrews, we notice, that Jehovah had promised the Israelites a rest in the land of

‘ Canaan Wf e read

a n d For ye are not as yet come to the rest, to the

c u e ou . inheritan e, which Jehovah yo r God giv s y

But when ye go over Jordan, and dwell in the land

a nd which Jehovah your God gives you to inherit , when he gives you rest from a l l your enemies round ” 9 1 . . . 0 . about, so that ye dwell in safety Deut xii ,

So David says

Jehovah God of Israel h as given rest to his

in u . people, that they may dwell Jer salem forever — 7 10 . 25. . 1 Chron . xxiii . Compare xxii

d P . s t s . After citing a por ion of xcv , as tate above, the sacred penman continues T B E T 13 T H E S ABBA H S .

a be a n T ke heed , brethren , lest there shall in y o ne v e of you an e il heart of unbelief, in d parting

‘ B ut r n th er da il . a o from the living God exho t one y,

a s n is T o - o n e lo g as it called day, that no of you may

t e f be hardened through the decei fuln ss o sin . For

“ k we we have become parta ers of Christ, if hold fast

fir m the beginning of our confidence unto the end .

: - e When it is said To day, if ye will h ar his voice,

harden not your hearts as in the provocation ; who then ,

t " w a s when hey had heard , provoked Nay, it not all who came fo rth out of Egypt by Moses " But with whom wa s he offended forty years " Was it n ot

with those who sin ned w hose carcasses fell in the

wilderness . And to whom did he swear, that they

l not who be shou d enter into his rest, but to those l ieved no t " And we see that they were not able to ” — — . 12 . . 19 enter in, because of unbelief Heb iii .

The fathers spoken of by the Psalmist failed to

a enter into the rest of Canaan , for their carc sses fell

in the wilderness ; and also through unbelief to enter

’ - into God s rest . When the n inety fifth Psalm wa s

th e l obser composed, Israe ites were in Canaan , and v t d ff ing the rest of the seven h day Sabbath . A i erent 14 T H E T SABBATH RES .

r est is therefore referred to in the Psalm , which God ”

. s calls My rest The apo tle, having shown the fearful c onsequences o f unbelief on the part of those

nses who were overthrown in the wilderness, the cir cu m sta nces n his o to e force exh rtation to the Hebrews .

He continu es

“ e b Let us fear therefore, l st, a promise eing still

o u d left us of entering into his rest, any one of y shoul

to seem to have come short of it . For us were the d glad tidings preache , as also to them but the word

n ot o which they heard did pr fit them , not being mingled with faith in those who heard . For we who b : A s elieved enter into the rest, as he said I swore in t my wrath , they shall not enter into my res , although the works were finished from the foundation of the

in world . For he has spoken a certain place of the seventh day thus : And G od rested on the seventh day from all his works ; and in this again : They shall not enter into my rest .

Since then it remains that some do enter into it and they to whom the glad tidings were first preached

of entered not in because unbelief, again he limits a E 1 5 T H E SABBATH R ST .

0 —da so T y, (saying in David , after

e b befor een said, )

T o— i i day , f ye will hear h s voice

n o t t Harden your hear s .

i m s u d For if Joshua had g ven the re t, he wo l not,

a f s e . ter thi , have spok n of another day

t - So then , here remains a Sabbath rest to the people

f Fo r t o . God he hat entered into his rest, himself

rested from his works, as God did from his own . Let

e us therefore endeavor to ent r into that rest, that no ” ne m of o may fall into the same exa ple unbelief. —11 1 . Heb . iv .

From the Scripture quoted it appears that the promised rest to believers was the same under the

n Mosaic economy as o w . The same glad tidings were

” m n ow then ade known to the fathers, as are preached

to . n us Faith in the message was as ecessary then ,

as at the present time . The works essential to salva

in tion , the basis of faith all ages, being finished from the foundation of the world those who rejected the

n glad tidings u der a former dispensation , could not

of as ca se enter into the rest faith, is the in these latter 1 T H E H E T 6 SABB AT R S .

o in days . The apostle calls attenti n to the facts, that o ne place it is said : And G od rested on the seventh day from all his works and in another : They shall not enter into my rest thus plainly indicating

. s e the type and antitype He then declares , that om do enter into it ; but they to whom the glad tidings were first preached entered not in because of unbel ief

a t o t five and that f er so long a time, a peri d of abou

: centuries, he limits a certain day, saying in David

T o - if i i i ce day , ye w ll hear h s vo , ” n t s Harden o your heart .

He conn ects the affair with the present dispensa

r e t e tion . He warns the Hebrew breth en , l s ther should be in any one of them a n evil heart of unbe

lief ; and to exhort one another daily, as long as it is ” - 0 . called T day, evidently meaning the gospel day

As Jesus Christ is th e Sun of Righteousness (Mal .

u iv . the Dayspring from on high (L ke i . we

can not dissociate him from the day itself. Hence we read

T h e Stone which th e builders rej ected h e H a s become th e Head of t corner . T his is from J ehovah ;

I t is w onderful in our eyes .

18 THE SABBATH REST . spiritual day ; but the eye of faith beholding the Sun of Righteousness, we rest from our works , as God did from his own ; entering into the rest of justification

u F r by faith in the Righteo sness of God . o we have

if th e become partakers of Christ , we hold fast begin f ” ning o our confidence firm unto the end .

n Our apostle arrives at the co clusion So then , there remains a Sabbath -rest to the people of God and exhorts the Hebrew br ethren to endeavor to enter

o ne into that rest, that no may fall into the same ex

f n th e ample o unbelief. He explai s matter by say

’ : ing For he that entered into his (God s)rest,

s r m himself re ted f o his works , as God did from his ” A h ow n . This suits neither the Arminian , nor the tinomia n for while the believing sinner rests from

his works, as a meritorious cause of his salvation ,

like the typical rest of Jehovah , it is one of activity . The rest of faith is o ne of ceaseless and delightful “ service Therefo re are they before the throne of

n God , and they serve him day and ight in his tem ” — 15 “ ple . Rev . vii . . Jesus says Come unto me,

- all ye that labor and are heavy laden, and I will give

a you rest . Take my yoke upon you , and le rn from B E ST 19 THE SABBATH . me ; for I am mee k and lowly in heart ; a nd ye shall

l Fo r u . o find rest for your so s my y ke is easy , and ’ — 2 — 0 3 . . . 8 my burden light . Matt xi

The gospel dispensation is the day of rest from the

of u cer em o bondage the law, its b rdensome rites and

of nies . The yesterday the law, given through Moses is superseded by the To-day o f grace and truth — 17 which came through Jesus Christ . John i . . It is prophesied A n d in that day there shall be a root of Jesse, which shall stand for an ensign of the people ; to it shall the Gentiles seek ; and his rest ’ — 1 0 . shall be glorious . Is . xi .

The gospel day, commencing with the termination “ of u the legal dispensation , will continue ntil The

light of th e moon shall be as the ligh t of the sum

v and the light of the sun shall be se enfold, as the ” — 26 light of seven days . Is . xxx . .

n ot of Let us, brethren , only divest ourselves the J udaic notion of a weekly Sabbath Day of tiresome n and slavish inertia, but e deavor to enter fully into

the Sabbath -rest of faith ; being of th e true circum

cision w h o G od a nd , worship by the Spirit of , glory 20 T H E S T R E ST ABBA H .

nor in Christ Jesus, having no confidence in self, the ordinances of the flesh that in the enjoyment of rich spiritual blessings, as we sit in heavenly places in

our Christ Jesus, and by Christian activities, we may

’ demonstrate the superiority of the chosen Lor d s Day of the church over the legal Sabbath of a defunct dispensation . D N E PA T R IA H H A L A GE S "R I G T H O .

N0 weekly Sabbath Day ha s ever been enjoined o n or any individual people, excepting the seventh

to of day Sabbath given Israel in the wilderness Sin , and shortly after incorporated in the national covenant which God made with that people . That covenant w a s established about twenty-five hundred years after

n the creation, and continued in force about fiftee cen tur ies , when it was abrogated .

A s the observance of a par ticular day as a Sabbath

111 has no place natural law, the existence of such an institution cannot be admitted, except shown from positive precept, or the practice of the church under the leadership of inspired men . As no such com

in mand, or example, appears the Biblical history of

-five the first twenty centuries, we conclude, that dur i ing that per od the world was without a Sabbath Day . 22 N o PATRIARCHAL SABBATH .

Learned theological writers have assumed, that a weekly Sabbath was instituted in Eden , and enjoined on th e h the uman race ; but in absence of proof, they have been compelled to rely upon inferential evidence

co e n ot h and wild njectur s, which do bring to their y ‘ oth esis vV e p even the coloring of plausibility . would esteem it a favor, if those who are conversant with

ff of d the a airs E en , and talk so familiarly about the

Edenic Sabbath , would furnish us with a copy of the

o ur e precept given to first progenitors, to obs rve such

th e s a day and transmit order to their po terity . Were

to b t we admit, that a Sab a h for man was instituted

’ 8 in Eden , and that God seventh day rest was a Sab

bath ; neither of which is true ; all the probabilities

’ would be in favor of Adam s Sabbath being on the

sixth day of the week ; for he was not qualified to

n keep Sabbath with his Creator, not havi g lived six

working days ; and as he was formed on the sixth

r l day , and put into the ga den , to ti l it, and to keep

it, he probably went to work the next day, and con

tinued d c to labor six ays, whi h would make his Sab

bath occur on the sixth day .

wa s So far as we can learn from the Bible, there 23 N o PATRIARCHAL SABBATH . but one positive l a w with its penalty attached imposed m on man in his pri eval state . It reads thus

O f every tr ee of the garden thou mayest freely

eat . But of the tree of knowledge of good and evil , thou shalt not eat of it ; for in theday that tho u eat ’ — 16 1 7 . u u . . . est thereof tho shalt s rely die Gen ii ,

The law binding on Adam , both natural and posi

we tive, was in the form of a covenant . Hence, read “ m s But they, like Ada , have transgre sed the cove ” —H 7 u n os . . . ant . vi The nat ral law was concreated

with him , written upon his heart . The positive law,

c of wa s he ould have no knowledge , until it revealed

to . e him If there had been a prec pt, requiring him

v vio to keep one day in e ery week as a Sabbath, its lation would have been attended by the same fearful

n n th e of n co seque ces, as eating the forbidde fruit ; and

therefore, would undoubtedly have been distinctly enunciated with directions for the manner of its ob

servance, and its sanctions, clearly indicated ; but no

in such document appears the record .

As the law under which Adam wa s placed was in

of c n for its the nature a ove ant, the penalty violation 24 N o PATRIARCHAL SABBATH .

i t. was annexed to it, and a promise implied in For if the eating of the forbidden fruit was to res ult in m death , obedience to the divine com and would have

c of s insured the continuan e life . In thi compact, the position of Adam was not that o f a private individ ual but he was constituted the federal head and rep r e nta ti e s u se v . wa of all his race As he a nat ral man ,

m was c the covenant ade with him a natural ovenant, containing the promise of natural blessings only in

n m which respect, the cove ant afterwards ade with

Israel resembled it . In so important a transaction ; in which God gave in trust to Adam, as the covenant

of i of head his race, the nterests himself, his wife, and

all their descendants by ordinary generation ; it would have been inconsistent with the divine procedure in

to o f general , have omitted the disclosure any positive

enactment .

The primordial l a w was the only positive one r e

’ quired , in order to test Adam s obedience to his Cre

s ator and Sovereign . Be ides, there was no more t necessi y for a weekly Sabbath Day in Eden, than there n ow is for one to be kept by the righteous in

ha des of ; or, than there will be for the observance

26 N o T I T PA R ARCHAL SABBA H . tes timony as conclusive proof of o ur point but to show that they were forced to their concl usion by the absence of e vidence in favor o f the existe nce of s uch an institution .

A e o f mong the sins mention d in the Bible, that — Sabbath brea king is unknown o utside the Jewish

s the s common wealth . It doe not appear in charge a n th e v gai st antedilu ians, who are called by the “ apostle Pete r The world o f ungodly men (2 Pc f “ te r . o n a u o s ii cco nt whose wickedne s , The

w as o ver fio wed w e world that then , being ith wat r,

s 2 e e f peri hed ( P t r iii . nor among the sins o the

( s o f u itie the plain , which God spared not, T rning

to s h s o f o m m co n a e the cities S do and Go orrah,

demned to w h m them overthro , aving made the an ” example o f those wh o should afterward live ungodly

no r o f E a (2 Pete r ii . in the evil doings the gyp

n w h o e e e s s fo r tia s, w r visit d with evere j udgment

their iniquities ; nor the abominations of the Canaa n

tes h n m e out i , and ot er natio s, who the land vomit d

f i d fil m n — un o e e e ts . o n a cco t the r Leviticus xviii . D 2 — 1 xx 2 2 en 9 3 . 7 i 3 4 t. . . 8 E x. xx . . ii , ; xii Ezek , ' e confes o ur o f f to w o f W s want aith believe, in vie 27 NO PATRIARCHAL SABBATH .

r n t the depravity of the human race, that the fi st i s ance

' o f - c th e w eek l Sabbath breaking oc urred, after y Sab b ath had been binding on all mankind for twenty

h a d five centuries . The seventh day Sabbath been

i h desecr a g ven to Israel but a short time, w en it was ted by a man in gathering sticks on that holy day .

n -five h un If the statute was e acted in Eden , twenty dred years previously, it is unaccountably strange, that the wri ter of the Pentateuch did not kn ow what penalty had been affixed to its violation ; and there ff fore kept the o ender in custody, until Jehovah gave

h ow of e — u directions to dispose the cas N mbers xv . 2— 3 36 .

On the supposition , that a seventh day Sabbath

was instituted in Eden for the whole human family,

d u is to be perpetuate ntil the end of the world , there

of of another marvel worthy note, that the rulers the

n th e co gregation of Israel could not account for fact,

that the manna which fell in the wilderness of Sin on

the sixth day, measured two omers for each man ,

on e v instead of , as on pre ious days ; until Moses ex

plained the matter to them , informing them that the

m w v orro would be a holy Sabbath to Jeho ah , and 2 N 8 o PATRIARCHAL SABBATH .

n t n find in field — they would o the it the Ex . xvi .

22—2 e ca n c n o f 6 . W a cou t for the ignorance the

u n o n o f r lers o ly the ground, that the origin the

da h h seventh y Sabbat is ere given . It is the first mention of a Sabbath in the Bible . o fl- tE f h abteta i l n o t e .

O N the fifteenth day o f the second month after e s to vacuating Egypt, the I raelites came the wilder

- 1 f . . n o . . ess Sin , between Elim and Sinai Ex xvi

m s There they urmured against Mose and Aaron , saying

Would to God we had died by the hand of Jeho va h o f fl in the land Egypt, when we sat by the esh

bre to e pots, when we ate ad the full ; for ye hav

w e e s brought us forth into this ild rn ss, to kill thi ” x i 2— s . . . 3 whole a sembly with hunger Ex v .

Then said Jehovah to Moses

I will rain brea d from heaven for yo u and the p eople shall go o ut a n d gather a certain rate every d a e l y, that I may prove th m , whether they wil walk

or . s o to in my law, not And it hall c me pass, that 30 o n T ORIGIN THE SABBA H . on the sixth day they shall prepare what they bring in ; a nd it shall be twice as much as they gathe r ’ — s 4 5 v . . daily . ,

The quantity to be gathered daily was an omer for every man . There was a miraculous adj ustment of h t e . quantities When measured with an omer, he that gathered much had nothing over , and he that

t k — 1 —1 vs . gathered li tle had no lac 6 8 . That which was gathered on th e sixth day proved to be twice as — 5 n much as was gathered daily . v . . Whe the rulers sa w the miracle by which that gathered on the sixth m day easured two omers for each man, they came and — 22 v . . told Moses . He explained it, informing

- them , that Jehovah had said To morrow will be ” the rest of the holy Sabbath to Jehovah and gave orders for part of what was gathered on the sixth day — 23 to be kept until morning v . .

The following morning, he said

Eat that to -day for to-day is a Sabbath to Jeho

- vah ; to day ye shall not find it in the field . Six

on t days ye shall gather it ; but the seven h day, the ” - 25 2 s . 6 v . Sabbath , in it there shall be none . , o n 31 OR I GIN THE SABBATH .

A nd o ut of o it came to pass, there went the pe ple

o n u . the Sabbath Day to gather, and they fo nd none

A nd Jehovah said to Moses : H o w long refuse ye to

w " for keep my commandments and my la s See, that

h as Jehovah given you the Sabbath, therefore he gives you on the sixth day the bread of two days ; abide ye every m a n in his place ; let no man go out o f his place on the seventh day . So the people rested ” — 2 — n . s 7 30 o the seventh day v . .

I n the chapter from which we quote, we have a

o f succinct account of the origin the Sabbath . That

was n ew to it a institution , must be evident every

of not student the sacred text, whose perceptions are

e — cir cumsta n warp d by pre conceived opinions . The ces related in the connection combine to show that then and there Jehovah for the first time made known to Israel his holy Sabbath . The first fall of manna w as o f f on the first day the week , the seventh o which wa s h — s 13—1 v . 5 the Sabbat . On the seventh day of

no f the previous week, the Israelites kept day o rest ;

o n d for they were a journey, arriving in the wil erness of — 12 13 . vs . . Sin and in the evening gathered quails ,

n ot a We can accept the st tement, that they spent a 32 I OF T ORIG N THE SABBA H .

n holy Sabbath in traveli g from Elim, or from the

10 s Red Sea (Numb . xxxiii . , to the wildernes of a nd a l l Sin , in gathering quails ; and anon , hands were engaged in stoning a man to death for gathering h 32 t e S . . sticks on abbath , (Numb xv If there w as a moral difference between gathering quails a n d

h on b l et gat ering sticks, the Sab ath some theological

o editor, or other c mpetent expositor of the Word, point it out to us . In the interim , we shall presume, that the chief differen ce consisted in the quails being

t h gathered before, and the sticks af er, t ere was a Sab bath law in force .

th e It is beyond the reach of cavil , that observance of the seventh da y Sabbath was commenced in the

on wilderness of Sin , between Elim and Sinai , the twenty- second day of the secon d month after the de partur e of the children of Israel out of the land of

Egypt .

’ 34 ISRAE L s SAB B ATH

n a nd be e i deed, keep my covenant, then ye shall a p c ul ia r tr easu r e to me above all people ; for all the

A nd e earth is mine . ye shall b to me a ki ngdo m of

i n s . s priest , and a holy nat o The e are the words

t e the n o f which hou shalt sp ak to childre Israel . And

l o f Moses came and ca led for the elders the people, a nd laid before t eir faces all these words which Jc

mm n d him hovah co a dd . And all the people answered

t : h as toge her, and said All that Jehovah spoken,

l u w e wil do . And Moses ret rned the words of the — — 3 . . 8 people to Jehovah . Ex . xix

m Fro these passages, we learn , that

l st — h . Je ovah gave the weekly Sabbath to Israel ;

2d — h . Je ovah reminded them , that he destroyed

a nd the Egyptians, brought Israel to himself ; — iii G o d made a covenant with them

4 h —I n t t . tha covenant, God promised that they

be should a peculiar treasure to him above all people,

m o f t a kingdo pries s, and a holy nation and

h — I n v t . 5 that co enant, the people were required, f to o . a nd promised , obey the voice Jehovah ’ H 35 ISRAEL S SA B B A T .

da i h h e On the third y, n the morning, Je ova cam

1 a nd . 6 down on mount Sinai (Ex xix . he spoke

n these words, sayi g

h wh o ou t I am Je ovah thy God , brought thee of ”

o f d . the land of Egypt, out of the house bon age 1 2 Ex . xx . , .

He then gave them the Decalogue , the fourth sec tion of which embraces the l a w of th e seventh da y

v n J Sabbath . It was therefore gi e to the ews, the

o ut onlypeople that God brought of Egypt .

l Observe also, that in recapitu ating , Moses says

Remember that thou wast a servan t in the land of G od out Egypt, and Jehovah thy brought thee

t - thence, hrough a mighty hand , and a stretched out arm; therefore Jehovah thy G od commanded thee to 1 . 5. keep the Sabbath Day Deut . v .

If Jehovah made a covenant with the children o f

th e Israel, and gave them Sabbath , because he brought

o f them up out the land of Egypt, it must have been i an institution peculiar to the Jew sh polity .

s Moses al o says, in his recapitulation ’ 36 rea L s SABBATH .

a h a s a s What nation is there so gre t, that st tute

so t u as l a w and judgments righ eo s, all this which I ”— set before vou this day . Deut . iv . 8 .

e t i n The evidenc is conclusive, that no o her nat o

o e n had been fav red with the statut s and judgme ts ,

a l l and the laws of a positive nature, which had been

’ a given to Israel . In agreement with this is P ul s decl a ration

G s l a w For when entile , who have no , do by na ture the things required by law, these, having no law , are a law to themselves who show the work of the ” — 14 1 e . . 5. law written in their h arts Rom . ii ,

a s It appe rs , therefore, that the Gentile had only the law of nature, while the Jews had a code of posi h tive laws, of which the Sabbat was a very prom incut one .

What need wa s there for a clause in the l a w o f the

to r s Sabbath , forbidding work be done by st anger

’ te r th e within Israel s ga s, if all strange s were under — 10 . same law with the Jews Ex . xx . It shows

not a te clearly, that strangers within the g s were ex

empt from that law . ’ 7 I SRAEL S SABBATH . 3

th e h Again , Moses says to c ildren of Israel

He declared to you his covenant, which he com m nded n a you to perform , ten comma dments, and he ’ — 13 wrote them upo n two tablets of stone . Deut . iv . .

Again “ Jehovah our God made a covenant with us in

our Horeb . Jehovah made not this covenant with fathers, but with us, us, who are all of us here a live ”— 2 3 . . V . this day . Deut ,

n e And agai , he closes the book of L viticus with these words These are the commandments which Jehovah commanded Moses for the children of Israel in mount ” 4 3 . Sinai . Levit . xxvii .

A nd u i Jehovah says, thro gh the prophet Malach

ser va nt which Remember ye the law of Moses my ,

I commanded to him in Horeb, for all Israel , the ” t nd — a . 4 sta utes judgments Mal . iv . .

No doubt the ancient temple frequently resounded with harmonious praises from thoughtful and devout ’ 38 ISR A E L s SABBATH .

w discr imina t Hebre s, to Jehovah their God, for his

a s : ing favors, they sang

H e makes known h is word to J aco b

H is t t t i t to s a u es and h s j udgmen s Israel . H e has n o t done so to any nation

i ts t t m n o t And h s Judgmen , hey know he . ” P y e J — ii 1 . P s 9 20 raise ah . cxlv . , .

The texts cited in this section of our treatise are ir

G o d a refragable proofs, that isol ted the children of

l m h is Israe fro all other nations, chose them to be

e peculiar peopl , entered into covenant with them , and m gave the the Decalogue, containing the Sabbath precept, together with other statutes, judgments and l laws, by which the Decalogue was supp emented, to gether constituting th e code by which they were to be

r gove ned . The advocates of a weekl y Sabbath Day

for the followers of Jesus Christ, under the new and

better covenant, should produce a command for it, not from the writings of Moses and the prophets of L olden time, but from the teachings of our ord, and

his harbinger and apostles . / QMA D E W IT H I S R A E L s LZZ)

its e w as The law given at Sinai, with suppl ments, in the form of a covenant ; and was made with Moses

f n t o o . for the children Israel , and others

Wherefore the children of Israel shall keep the

to Sabbath, observe the Sabbath throughout their gen ” - 1 i ns . r a t o . 6 e ; a perpetual covenant Ex . xxxi .

A nd Jehovah said to Moses : Write thou these words ; for after the tenor of these words I have made ’ — 27 a covenant with thee and with Israel . Ex . xxxiv .

I will for their sakes remember the covenant of

out their ancestors, whom I brought forth of the land

’ o f - 4 . . 5. Egypt Levit xxvi .

And he declared to you his covenant, which he 40 A THE SINAIC COVEN NT .

a commanded you to perform , ten comm ndments ; and ’ — . 1 . 3 he wrote them on two tablets of stone Deut . iv .

a And Moses called all Israel , and s id to them

O a a nd Hear, Israel , the st tutes judgments which I

n speak in your ears this day, that ye may lear them ,

e and ke p and do them . Jehovah our God made a ” H u 1 2 covenant with us in oreb . De t . v . , .

“ When I was gone up into the mount to receive the tablets of stone, the tablets of the covenant which

Jehovah made with yo u ; Jehovah delivered i to me two tablets of stone, written w th the finger of

God ; and on them according to all the words

o u in which Jehovah spake with y the mount, out of f the midst o the fire . Jehovah gave me the ” t o t . w table s of stone, the tablets of the covenant 9—11 Deut . ix . .

t two There was no hing in the ark , except the tablets of stone, which Moses put there at Horeb, when Jehovah made a covenant with the children of f out o . Israel , when they came of the land Egypt

>x< >x< >l< w And I have set them a place for the ark, herein

4 2 THE SINAIC COVENANT .

ena nt of of Jehovah, that he made with the children ” 2 i 11 . V Israel Chron . . .

T h e Decalogue is here put by way of eminence for th e o whole Jewish c de, and is repeatedly spoken of as a covenant . As it was made with Israel only, it was not binding on other nations and as the l a w of the hi seventh day Sabbath is found only in t s compact,

Y et Gentiles were under no Obligation to observe it .

t in fa tu there are Seventh Day Baptis s, so strangely

to r ated as imagine, that it is thei duty to observe the

Jewish Sabbath as a n important part of their religion ; m and there are others who see to think , that the Sab bath was sown a carnal ordinance, and has been raised a spiritual one ; and that it was sown a seventh

n day Sabbath, and has bee raised a first day Sabbath ; or s ff , that this ancient in titution has su ered a change, equivalent to death and resurrection , and thus become adapted to the present spiritual dispensation . he ahhath annanaratim

F QJ L QO

M E GY PT I N B ON D T H E D E LIV E R A N C E OF IS R A E L FR O A AGE .

God prefaced the Decalogue given at these words I am Jehovah thy G od l brought thee out of the and of Egypt, ” 2 house of bondage . Ex . xx . .

n s : m In recapitulati g, Mo es says And re ember

II] l of a n d that thou wast a servant the and Egypt, Jehovah thy God brought thee out thence through a

b out mighty hand, and y a stretched arm therefore, Jehovah thy God commanded thee to keep the Sab ”— 15 . V . . bath Day . Deut

We have here,

l st — . The fact commemorated

2d - . The manner of commemorating it . 4 4 A I THE SABB TH COMMEMORAT VE .

o o m e We are not t ld , that the fact to be c mme orat d w a s w o f - the ork creation , as asserted in pseudo theol ogy ; but it was the bringing Of the children of Israel

of out the land Of Egypt, out of the house of bond

A n u age . entire nation had been four h ndred years u of nder the galling yoke Egyptian bondage (Gen .

11 n f 1 s . e d o 3 . V xv . Act and at the four hundred 4 i . 0 and th rty years (Ex xii . , through the inter

of out o f position Jehovah , they were brought that

r h s land, f om under t at rigorou servitude, amidst sig

o f the nal displays divine sovereignty and power . Such had been the sufferings Of the chosen nation

w a s while in Egypt, that it called the iron furnace . Moses says

h Jehovah has taken you , and brought you fort

o ut of c o f the iron furna e, out Egypt, to be to him a ”

o f t . . people inheri ance, as ye are this day Deut 2 0 . iv .

’ In Solomon s prayer at the dedication of the tem

a nd inh er ple, he says They are thy people, thy

ita nce , which thou didst bring forth out of Egypt, f f ” 1 from the midst o the furnace o iron . Kings m 4 . 1 . . 5 . viii . Co pare Jer xi I T H E SABBATH COMMEMORAT V E .

The emancipation of the hosts of Jehovah from a thraldom under which they had groaned for four cen tur ies of , and the defeat and total overthrow their d oppressors , deman ed some constantly recurring me

of morial the event, to be perpetuated throughout their

of generations . For this the inscrutable wisdom Is

’ n of r a el s God had made provisio . On the last day the creation week, he had cast an omniscient glance

V through the ista of the patriarchal ages, and as he contemplated the marvelous deliverance of his adopt

of ed people from the iron furnace their cruel bondage, he cea sed from his works to make the day divinely proleptical Of a memorial Sabbath to be Observed by

n ~ the ransomed tribes . As he thus rested o the sev enth of e so day from his works the prec ding six days, he determined that the elect nation should rest from their servile toils in Egypt ; and therefore appointed

of the seventh day every week, on which they should

of in cease from the labors the preceding six days,

h G od token of their devout gratitude to Je ovah their , who had wrought for them so miraculous a deliver

of n ance from the hands their e emies . In accordance

ema nci with this decree, history informs us, that the pated tribes of Israel had proceeded but a short dis 4 6 THE SABBATH COMMEMORATIVE . tance on their typical journeyings throu g h the wilder

his ness, before Jehovah made known to them holy —N 14 Sabbath eh . ix . .

of " for As the people the nited States, more than

of a century, have celebrated the fourth day July in each year, in grateful remembrance of our deliverance from the British yoke so the Jews kept the seventh day in each week in commemoration of their r edemp tion from Egyptian bondage and tyranny . We signal b ize our day y national festivities, military pageantry, and various public demonstrations o f joyousness and

e gratitude, at the will of the people ; but the Israelit s were required by Jehovah their God and Deliverer, who instituted their Sabbath, to Observe the day by holy convocations of their families in their dwellings ;

n o t of i on and to go out the r places the seventh day, under penalty . A B B A T H A I G N .

Another argument, showing that the Sabbath was

ma n confined to the Jews, y be draw from the fact, that it was a sign between Jehovah and the children of Israel ; and not others ; by which they might know

who ifi that he was Jehovah their God sanct ed them , set them apart from all other nations .

to : And Jehovah spake Moses , saying Speak

i : V thou also to the ch ldren of Israel, saying erily,

is my Sabbaths ye shall keep, for it a sign between me

ou i and y , throughout your generat ons ; that ye may

sa nctifies Y e know that I am Jehovah who you .

ou shall therefore keep the Sabbath for it is holy to y .

>k >i< >k >1< >x<

W of herefore, the children Israel shall keep the

v o Sabbath , to Obser e the Sabbath through ut their T H E S ABBATH A SIGN .

. s be generations, a perpetual covenant It is a ign tween me and the children of Israel forever ; for in six days Jehovah made heaven and earth and on the

da wa s seventh y he rested, and refreshed . Ex . xxxi . 12

Moreover also, I gave them my Sabbaths, to be a sign between me and them, that they might know that I am Jehovah who sa n ctifies them .

>z< >k >x<

And hallow my Sabbaths ; and they shall be a sign

e betwe n me and you, that ye may know that I am ”— 2 2 1 0 . Jehovah your God . Ezek . xx . ,

w a s n As the Sabbath a sig of the fact, that God

l a l l iso ated Israel from other nations, it must have been peculiarly a Jewish institution .

50 E THE SABBATH A R ST .

ou t l o n of his p ace the seventh day . So the people ” o n — s 29 30 . v . . rested the seventh day ,

s h of The event day is the Sabbath rest, a holy convocation ye shall do no work it is the Sabbath ’ — s . 3 of Jehovah in all your dwelling Levit . xxiii . .

The seventh da y is the Sa bbath of Jehovah thy

u lt God ; in it tho sha not do any work ; thou , nor h m thy son, nor thy daug ter ; thy anservant, nor thy maidservant nor thy ca ttle ; nor thy str anger who ”— 1 e . . 0 is within thy gat s Ex xx . .

The seventh day is the Sabbath o f Jehovah thy

n o t no r God ; in it thou shalt do any work ; thou,

s n nor thy son , nor thy daughter ; nor thy man erva t, th n o r o x a ss nor of y maidservant ; thy , nor thy , any thy cattle ; n o r thy stranger wh o is withi n thy gates ; that thy manservant and thy maidservant may rest as ” D nt 14 e . . . well as thou . v

O n th e ox seventh day thou shalt rest ; that thy ,

ass and thy may rest ; and the son of thy handmaid , ” — 12 th e r . . . . and stranger, may be ref eshed Ex xxiii T B E ST 51 T H E SABBA H A .

“ On the seventh day thou sh alt rest ; in earin g ’ - 2 1 s s . . . . time, and in harvest, thou halt re t Ex xxxiv

Y e shall kindle no fire throughout your h a bita a

” - 3 . tion s o n the Sabbath Day . Ex . xxxv .

Of W or And if the people the land bring are, any

on to l w e no t. victuals, the Sabbath Day , sel , would ” n h d of on th e or o . buy it them Sabbath, the oly ay

" 31 N eh . . .

s sa w s m i J ud t n In those day , I o e n ah readi g w - the ine presses on Sabbath, and bringing in sheaves,

n a w and ladi g sses as also ine, grapes, and figs, and

m n r of u w er u-a all a ne b rdens, hich they brought into J salem on the Sabbath Day ; and I testified against

the w l . them, in day herein they sold victua s There

of n dwelt men Tyre also therei , who brought fish ,

a ll w a to and manner of are, and sold on the S bbath th n e o f u . children Judah , and in Jer salem The I contended with the nobles of Judah , and said to them t What evil thing is his that ye do, and profane the " f did Sabbath Day Did not your athers thus, and not u our God bring all this evil pon us , and upon this city Y et ye bring more wrath upon Israel by pro 52 T H E T E SABBA H A R ST .

. A nd as w n faning the Sabbath it came to p s, that he the gates of Jerusalem began to be dark before the

m n t Sabbath, I co ma ded that the ga es should be shut, a nd charged that they should not be opened till afte r the Sabbath ; and I set some o f my ser vants at the

n b in o n gates, that there should be no burde rought h . t e s a nd the Sabbath Day So merchant , sellers of

u m o r all kinds of ware, lodged without Jer sale once

twfce . n a to The I testified gainst them, and said them : Why lodge ye about the wall " If ye do so

ds t again, I will lay han on you . From that ime

a . forth , they came no more on the S bbath And I

L v s commanded the e ites, that they should clean e

u themselves, and that they sho ld come and keep the ” — . i 1 22 to . . 5 . gates, sanctify the Sabbath Day Neh xi i

The sin of Sabbath -breaking was charged against

the Jews only, not the Tyrians ; for the obvious rea

n ot of co son , that the latter were children the venant .

Thus said Jehovah to me : Go and stand in the

of e n gate of the children the peopl , whereby the ki gs

f a nd o o Judah come in, by the which they g out, and

in a ll the gates of Jeru salem and say to them : Hea r

a ll ye the word of Jehovah, ye kings of Judah, and E T T H E SABBAT H A R S .

t en Judah , and all the inhabitan s of Jerusalem , that ter in by these gates thus says Jehovah : Take heed

r a nd r o n to you selves, bea no burden the Sabbath

N ci Day, nor bring it in by the gates of Jerusalem . ther carry forth a burden o ut of your houses on the

Sabbath Day ; neither do ye any wo rk but hallow ye the Sabbath Day, as I commanded your fathers . t But they obeyed not, neither inclined heir ear ; but m d k ff a n or a e their nec sti , that they might not he r, m u . to receive instr ction And it shall co e pass, if ye

i e to d lig ntly hearken to me, says Jehovah , bring in no burden through the gates of this city o n the Sab

w to do no bath Day, but hallo the Sabbath Day, work therein ; then shall there enter into the gates of this city kings and princes sitting upon the throne of

t o n a nd David , riding in chario s and horses, they,

e o f a nd their princ s, the men Judah, the inhabitants of u l n Jer salem ; and this city shal remai for ever .

of And they shall come from the cities Judah, and

J er usa em from the places about d , and from the land

of o Benjamin, and from the plain , and from the m un m ff tains, and fro the south, bringing burnt o erings, ff and sacrifices, and meat o erings, and incense, and

of f a to o o a . bringing s crifices praise, the house Jeh v h 54 T H E sxns A T H R E ST A .

n ot m e to w the Sa b-f But if ye will hearken to , hallo

a e e e i in b th Day, and not to b ar a burd n , even nter ng at the ga tes of Jer usa lem on the Sabba th Day then

fir e e e will I kindle a in the gat s th reof, and it shall

es of r u a em h be devour the palac Je s l , and it s all not ”—J 1 9—27 quenched . er . xvii .

Fro m a passa ge which we will quote pr esently

2 l a w b n . 3 (Numb xv . we learn , that the i ding on Israel prohibited even the ga thering of sticks on the Sabba th ; so profound was the required on that holy A"I G HE EN ALTY FOR ABB ATH RE N .

The penalty for the slightest violation of the sane

s tity of the Sabbath Day wa death .

And while the ch ildren of Israel were in the wil e d on erness, they found a man that gathered sticks the

w h o Sabbath Day . And they found him gathering all sticks brought him to Moses and Aaron , and to

in ~ . be the congregation And they put him ward , cause it was not declared what should be done to him .

And Jehovah said to Moses : The man shall surely be put to death ; all the congregation shall stone him

s s with stones without the camp . And all the congre

a tion w m n g brought him ithout the ca p , and sto ed him -a with stones, and he died as Jehovah command ” s — 32— 6 . . 3 ed Mose Numb xv . .

Y e shall keep the Sabbath therefore ; for it is 56 SABBATH PENALTY .

n holy to you . Every o e who defil es it shall surely v h be put to death for whoe er does work t erein , that

" o fi soul shall be cut from among his people . Six days may work be done ; but in the seventh is the h d Sabbath of rest, holy to Jehovah ; w oever oes work ” in the Sabbath Day , he shall surely be put to death . 14 1 5 Ex . xxxi . , .

Six days shall work be done but on the seventh to day there shall be you a holy day, a Sabbath of rest to Jehovah whoever does work therein shal l be ” 2 put to death . Ex . xxxv . .

This fearful punishment was never inflicted upon any one, excepting an Israelite ; and for the reason ,

w a s to J that the Sabbath statute given only ews, and therefore Gentiles were not required to observe it .

5 T I L siG N I FICA N E 8 YP CA C .

v h 1 11 L . 0 the se ent year Sabbath (Ex xxiii . , . evit . 1— 1 —2 2 x 7 . n l l x 8 . . v . a d a e , Neh x others (L vit . i 29— 1 x x 3 . . f v . xiii are a shadow o the things to come . The weekly Sabbath occurred on the sev c c six uth and last day of the week , pre eded by k x working days (Eze . lvi . and the septennial Sabbath o n the seventh and las t year o f the week o f f w r o . years, follo ing six yea s labor As God rested on the se venth day from his work o f the previous six

n of to im days, in anticipatio the Sabbath Day be

’ w a er was a r to posed upon the Je s, the l tt r anged be ix f t r s a o . the seventh day, af e d ys labor Therefore, we read

h ix t w . S days shalt thou labor, and do all y ork

B ut the seventh da y is the Sabbath o f Jehovah thy

u d ; in it tho shalt not do any work .

a m the For in six days Jehov h ade heaven and earth ,

a l l d t sea, and that are in them , and reste the seven h b day ; wherefore, Jehovah lessed the Sabbath Day, ” — —1 1 9 . it . . and hallowed . Ex xx

The necessity for the Sabbath D a y to be the sev

th its ca en day , is apparent from typi l nature ; as the

n e legal dispe sation, with its toilsome rit s and formal F N E 59 T Y PI CAL SI GNI I CA C .

wa s n of the ities, in force until the breaki g gospel

fl of -a day, and the eeing away the shadows of the cere

- 17 . a monial law (Cant . ii . iv and the heavy l den

o sinner labors to establish his own righte usness (Rom .

n - t x . until he enters by faith i to the Sabbath res — 28 30 . . . t . . which Jesus gives . (Ma t xi Heb iv

of In the account given us the creation , we read

A nd n n wa s r there was eve i g, and there mo ning ,

n o e day . And there was evening, and there was morning, a second day . And there was evening, and there was morning, a third

wa s e n r And there veni g, and the e m w a s . orning, a fourth day And there fi was evening, and there was morning, a fth day .

n And there was eveni g, and there was

da y n th e morning, the sixth . And so were fi ished l l A a . nd on heavens and the earth , and their host

G od w h e m the seventh day, ended his ork which ade ; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work

G od which he made . And blessed the seventh day , and hallowed it ; because on it he rested from all his m i ” — t. 5 work , which God created in aking Gen . i . , “ ” 8 13 19 23 1 — n 3 . 1 3 o e f . o , , , , ii . One day marks 60 I IFI TYPICAL S GN CANCE . th e equal periods into which the time employed in the work of creation is divided ; then we have A ” s second day, that is, a econd equal period of labor ; a nd so t on to the fif h , inclusive ; and then we find the “ definite article prefixed , The sixth day indicating the close of the series of working days . But it is not

w as declared , that there was evening, and there morn d ing, the seventh day ; the perio of rest not being measured by an evening and a morning, like the periods of labor ; to remind us of the intermination

e of the antityp .

The Sabbath could not be changed from the sev

n h r e t to any other day of the week , without dest oy ing its typical significance ; which requires that it should follow six working days in the same week . The first descent of the manna in the wilderness of

on o n Sin was the first day of the week, and the seventh day of the same week was the first Sa bbath to Jehovah ; and every succeeding seventh day was to be kept by the children of Israel as a Sabbath of

as ‘ rest . If it has been changed, some assert, but uo

o f one has proved , to the first day the week, it never

has w a s a type ; for the antitypical Sabbath dawned, I F T YPICAL S GNI ICANCE . 6 1 a nd all the shadows of the Mosaic economy have fled a way before the risen Sun of Righteousness, pouring his healing beams upon all who feared the name of

- 2 Jshovah . Mal . iv. .

In tracing the origi n and historyof the seventh day

S u im abbath , the thoughtf l reader cannot fail to be pressed with the importance attached to the institu tion ; the frequency with which the Israelites are reminded of their duty to obser ve it ; the earnest ex

u m hortations, expost lations, warnings and pro ises , accompanying these reminders ; a nd especially the dreadful penalty threatened for the slightest violation

n i " o f the precept . " po investigat ng the s ubject close

l . y, the reason becomes obvious Its typical bearing involves vital p oints of doctrine .

It was given to Israel only ; in which respect it fi — typi ed the Sabbath rest to the people of God, who

t sustain an antitypical rela ion to the chosen nation .

J ew one o For he is not a , who is utwardly ; nor

u fl is that circ mcision , which is outward in the esh .

J ew o ne i But he is a , who is nwardly ; and circum cision is that of the heart, in the spirit, not in the 62 L I F C C E TYPICA S GNI I AN .

e s is G od l tter ; whose prai e not of men , but of . 28 29 Rom . ii . , .

wa s c m d s s It included in a ovenant, a e with Mo e , 1 . 7 . the mediator (John i Gal iii . for all Israel ,

n ot o d s our and thers ; so under the new i pensation ,

Sabbath-rest is secured to us by a covenant ordered 2 5. PS in all things, and sure ( Sam . xxiii . . lxxxix .

3 4 265 w Me , , made ith Jesus, the Surety and dia tor of e s a a better covenant, which has b en e t blished H 22 r s . f eb . or upon better p omise ( vii . viii . all

a nd m the people of God, the only .

It co mmemor ated the extraor dinary fa vo r of God

d b a m towar s the Israelites, in li er ting the from the

Egyptian yoke ; so the rest which the gospel brings to believers is a constant memorial of their deliver

f . ance rom the bondage of sin , Satan, and the law

It wa s a Sign between Jehovah and the children of

s . I rael By it they were constantly reminded , that

d on in six days Jehovah ma e heaven and earth, and h t e seventh day he rested, and was refreshed ; and that he was J ehovah their God who sanctified them L N I FI N E T YPICA SIG CA C . 63 set them apart as a people holy to himself in distino

a ll no tion from other nations, to which he had given

Sabbath ; as h e set apart the seventh da y from a l l

o . thers, as one of holy rest to himself By the spirit — ual Sabbath rest, the saints know, that they are sanc 1 tified in Christ Jesus ( Cor . i . set apart from the

r o own . est of mankind for himself, a pe ple to be his

“ 14 Tit . ii . .

Fo r J ehovah has chosen Zion

H e it has desired for his abode . T his is my resting-p lace forev er w I I v d it ” Here ill dwell , for ha e desire . — P s . 13 14. . cxxxii ,

This sign wa s to be continued between Jehovah a nd r u e or the Is aelites througho t their gen rations ; , a s Sh u r m a o a l long as they o ld e ain c ven nt peop e .

O ur - a on of Sabbath rest, being provisi the covenant o f a In h e r gr ce, ordered all t ings, and sure, can n ve

n end come to a .

’ wa s e a fro m all r It God s rest c ss tion p evious work .

to The rest believers enter into , when they come

C a s the l a w o R om hrist the end of for righte usness ( . ’ —e— - x t . 1 1 d 1 11 . 1 8 a n . is God s res Heb iii , , iv . . 64 T PI C L SI I FI C N Y A GN A CE .

No one ca n enjoy this blessing until he rests from his

s G od o his work , as did fr m own . He must cease

e e from them entir ly . W read

N o w to o e is n -v him that w rks, the r ward ot reek

‘ o n ed a s B u h b . t im t as of grace, but a de t to tha

s n ot b ustifies un work , but elieves on him who J the

d is e f r o o ss . go ly, his faith r ck ned righteousne

th ev a r e a r e e is m e For if that of law h irs, faith ad

o is n o ff — void , and the pr mise made of e ect . Rom .

4 5 14 . iv . , ,

The Israelites were prohibited from kindling fi r es in their dwellings on the Sabbath and from gather

s th e u ing stick . The Holy Spirit is fire of the ch rch t h . (1 T ese. v opera ing commonly through the — s 29 o f J . . word er . xxiii At the revival on the day “ n Pentecost, There appeared to them to gues as of

fire, distributed among them ; and it sat upon each of

t " them . And they were all filled wi h the Holy Spirit,

t n a s and began to speak with other o gues, the Spirit

- 4 H eb 3 . u . . gave them tterance Acts ii , Compare

’ 1 2 t a o : iv . . Jehovah God of hos s s ys to a pr phet

‘5 ” Behold , I will make my words in thy mouth fire .

t fir e - 14 . o er . v . God says the kindlers

66 T PI L SIGN IFI A N E Y CA C C .

s w b u bee be topped , and all the orld may ecome g ilty l fore God . Because by works of a w no flesh shall be justified in his sight ; for by l a w is the knowledge of

r m - 1 2 h . 9 0 a . . Rom iii ,

The l a w says

Cursed is every o ne that continues no t in all the f l ” n w o o a w . thi gs ritten in the b ok the , to do them

“ 1 . 0 . Gal . iii

The nations that W ere without a Sabba th mocked L m h h a . o w o a t w . the Je ish Sabbaths ( i so, t se have no Sabbath-rest in Christ conte mn the doctrine ” t s m of justification by faith apar from work of law . 28 Rom . iii . . rc a icr a the lit c emains gt r .

We pass on to notice the abrogation of the cove n ant which God made with the children of Israel in

H . ten oreb (Deut . v embracing the Decalogue, or

h l a w of Words, the fourt precept of which was the the w seventh day Sabbath, and all the positive la s, rites,

r ff n er etu fo ms, o eri gs, and sacrifices, instituted or p p

n to ated under that covena t, and peculiar the legal dispensation .

: Paul, who had been under that covenant, says Who also made us sufficient as ministers of a n ew

o f of for covenant ; not the letter, but the spirit ; the letter kills, but the spirit makes alive and speaks of the former as That which is done away and ”

a s to w . again , That which was be done a ay 8 T H E V N T A E R C G A T E D 6 CO ENA .

1 1 1 r 3 . t 2 o . 6 h C . s t e iii , In ano her place, he exhibit two covenants by a n allegory

“ n l a w Tell me, ye who desire to be u der , do ye " m not hear the law For it is written , that Abraha

s on e — had two ons, by the bond woman , and one by

— ne - the free woman . But the o by the bond woman was ft fl -W Oa born a er the esh , and the one by the free W man through the promise . hich things are an alle gory . For these women are two covenants, one from m u t w h o nt Sinai, bearing children In o bondage, hic is

Hagar (for the word Hagar is mount Sinai in Arabia), a nd s m no w Is is answers to the Jeru ale that , for she

B ut in bondage with her children . the Jerusalem

f of us that is above is ree, which is the mother all . For it is written :

R i th b r th t b r t n o t ej o ce , ou ar en a ea es

B t t t t t i t n o t reak for h and cry , hou ha rava les th e i th e t t r Because many are ch ldren of desola e , ra he

t h a s th e u han of her who h sband .

B ut n t the n s ye, brethre , af er man er of I aac, are

r children of promise . But as then, the one born afte

o ne n t so the flesh persecuted the bor af er the spirit,

B ut c " a lso is it now . what says the S ripture Cast E E N A N r A E E C GA r E n T H co v . 69 c ut the bond-woman and her son for the son of the bond-woman sh a ll n o t be heir wi th the son of the

- w . free oman So, then , brethren , we are not children ” d- ut ~ m —a l f o . a o w b w G . a b n oman, of the free o an iv . — 21 3 1 .

Those wh o observe a weekly Sabbath at the present

l O ur t be a w. b n ime, desire to under the Sab ataria

n a nd wh o a th e t frie ds, those hold th t the four pr cep o f th e u n w t Decalog e is binding on all ma kind , i h the emendation of a cha nge of the Sabbath from the sev " enth r in d in n to the fi st day, are volve the i consistency of claiming that they a re u nder one section of the

w n na et n r Je ish natio al cove nt, y not u de it as a whole .

no w t or it That covenant is abroga ed, is still in force .

m it o n J ew nor If the for er, is binding neither Gen

I f l in i t . a w t ile the latter, every positive contained

I n l B u Is t . t as force, equa ly with tha of the Sabbath it w l is was made ith Israel on y, if binding at all, it only o n the seed of Jacob ; a nd if the Sabbath h a s b m to is een changed fro the seventh day the first, it o nly the Jews wh o are obligated to keep the first day

as the Sabbath . 70 THE COVENANT ABROGATED .

in The apostle plainly teaches, the above allegory,

wa s that the first covenant from mount Sinai, bearing children into bondage ; but that the new covenant

of saints are children the Jerusalem that is above, and is free ; that after the manner of Isaac, they are children of promise . They who acknowledge them b selves obligated to keep a Sabbath Day, turn ack to the weak and poor elements (rudiments)to which

. t they desire to be in bondage In the same chap er, “ : D o e the apostle inquires ye carefully observ days, ” “ " : and months, and seasons, and years and adds I

o f o u am afraid y , lest by any means I have bestowed — 1 11 . 0 . labor upon you in vain . Gal iv . ,

Believers under the new covenant are called to lib er ty (Gal . v . and therefore the apostle exhorts f b Stand ast, therefore, in the li erty with which Christ made us free, and be not again entangled with the yoke ’ — 1 " v . . o f bondage . nder the former covenant, the

to Israelites had so many laws, the penalty annexed which was death, and to the violation of which they were constantly obnoxious, that through fear of death,

a they were all their lifetime subject to bond ge . 15 Heb . ii . . T H E c E N A N T A R G T E D ov B O A . 71

Paul says

no w we r l a w n But are delivered f om the , havi g died to that wherein we were held ; so that we serve ” w not I n s of in ne ness of spirit, and oldnes the letter . ‘ elm - . 6 . Rom . vii

If d r fr m la w we a r e x m f elive ed o the , e e pt rom the o bservance o f the weekly Sabbath ; for we have no a u of a n u x nn i cco nt such instit tion, e cepting in co ec

a s d tion with the legal covenant . It w an or inance of the fl u —a esh , imposed ntil the time of reformation s

H 10 . eb . ix .

' Both the ecclesiastical and civil states of Israel

nd e So it r o hea W ere to be shaken a remo v d . was p p sied

According to the W ord tha t I co venanted with

o u w m o ut E so r e : y , hen ye ca e of gypt, my Spirit m u r no t For e ains among yo ; fea ye . thus says J hovah o f h s : Y et e W l o ts once, it is a littl hile, and I wil

the s the e sea a nd shake heaven , and arth , and the , the dr n A nd I sha e a ll n a nd th e y la d . will k natio s, ” -w - g — f n sh a c H a 5 7. Desire o all na tio s ll ome. . ii . T H E C OV E N A N T O T E D ABR GA .

i n Referr ng to the foregoi g prophecy, Paul says

See that ye refuse not him that speaks ; for if

him the they did not escape, refusing who declared

t w h o divine will on ear h , much more shall not we, t urn awa y from him w h o speaks fr om heaven whose voice then shook the earth ; but no w he has prom

s Y et e o r I r i ed , saying onc m e shake, not the ea th

t l et bu . only, a so heaven And this, y once more, sig n ifies th e s removing of the things shaken , as of thing th b n h at have ee made, that the things w ich are not shaken may remain .

\V her efo r e i ca n not , receiving a kingdom wh ch be s r e haken , let us have g ace whereby we may s rve God

’ v —H eb a cceptably , with re erence and godly fear . . 2 —2 5 8 . xii .

Another pr ophet testifies

h a h I Behold , the days come, says Je ov , that will

n e w v n w t a make a co e ant i h the house of Isr el , and

with the house of Judah not accordi ng to the cove

I w t r I na nt that made ith their fa he s, in the day took them by the hand to bring them o u t of the l a nd of I Egypt ; which my covenant they broke, although

74 THE COVENANT ABROGATED .

c has s ovenant, which been e tablished upon better i prom ses .

u l For if that first had been fa ltless, a p ace would

h o F r n not ave been sought for the sec nd . o findi g f ault with them , he says

th e n t th e d Behold , days are comi g , sai h Lor ,

m it th e When I will ake w h house ofIsrael , t th e J n e w n t And wi h house of udah , a cove an N o t i t o th e t t t t t accord ng covenan ha I made for heir fa hers ,

I n th e d a t t y when I ook hold of heir hand , T o bring them o ut of th e land of E gy p t ;

t t n o t t Because hey con inued in my covenan , t n o t t th e And I regarded hem , sai h Lord . For this is th e covenant that I will establish for th e house of

Israel , t t t th e Af er hose days , sai h Lord , P tt t t u ing my laws in o heir mind , And on their hearts I will write them

to t G o d And I will be hem a , And they shall be to me a p eople t h n o t t And hey s all each , t Each one his neighbor , and each one his bro her, S aying : " now t h e Lord ; th e a t to th e t t Because all shall know me . from le s grea es to t i t Because I will be merciful he r unrigh eousness , t t I m b m And their sins and heir iniq ui ies w ill re em er no ore .

ld new o . In that he says, a , he has made the first

o a e Now that which is gr wn old, and worn out with g , ” — —3 H 6 1 . b . v . is ready to vanish away . e iii E N T T D 75 T H E COV N A ABROGA E .

T he foregoing prophecies from Haggai a nd Jere m r n iah, togethe with the explanations give by Paul , settle the question regarding the abrogation of the

n of t Si aic covenant, and the establishment the presen

one . V Throughout the Sacred olume, wherever

to t ~ referred , they are cons antly regarded antithetical l of t y . They are spoken as the firs , and the second ;

f old new the aulty, and the better ; the , and the

w w a nd that hich is done a ay, that which abides

2 r n . C o . . ( iii the things shake and removed, and the things that are not shaken and remain . If the Scriptures bearing upon this point do not teach the a of s brogation the former covenant, with all its rite a nd m s cere onies, sacrifices and oblations, holy day a nd new- holy years, moons and solemn feasts, the tota l breaking up and r emoval of the Mosaic econo

m of of dis" y, and the obliteration every vestige that

ensa tion to h the p , it is impossible write a paragrap in

E u of the f nglish lang age expressive act .

T he for mer dispensation was a typical dispensation ; and it was therefore necessary tha t it should be super

seded b a o n ca l y its ntitype . The c vena t was a typi

covenant ; it was ma de with a typical people ; its 76 THE COVENANT ABROGATED . mediator w a s a typica l mediator ; the blood with which it w a s dedicated and ratified was typical blood the blessings promised in it were typical blessings ; the sacrifices offered under it were typical sacrifices the priests wh o offered them were typical priests ; the very garments in which they were offered were typi cal garments ; the sanctuary w a s a typica l sanctuary and all its appurten a nces were typical appurtenances ; all the services performed were typical services ; its

Sabbaths were typical Sabbaths ; and its passover was a typical passover . They were all shadows of

n the good thi gs to come, and are all fulfilled in

t t one Chris ; so tha not one jot, nor tittle, of the law

d . has faile , nor can fail

God declares, that the new covenant which he

m o f h promises to ake with the house Israel , and wit the house of Judah , at their conversion , shall not be according to the covenant that he made for their fa th er s n , in the day whe he took hold of their hand , to

o ut the bring them of land of Egypt, which embraced th e observance of a weekly Sabbath Day .

us e Paul tells : For the priesthood b ing changed,

o l of n ecessity there comes als a change of a w . T 77 THE COVE NANT A BROGA ED .

o n one h d t For the an , here is an annulling of

m o f its the command ent that went before, on account

un r o fita bl eness l a w ed weakness and p , for the perfect ” — 18 19 “ l w 12 . : a nothing . Heb . vii . , , Again The makes men high priests who h ave i nfirmity but the

o f c l a w word the oath , which was sin e the , makes the ’ — 2 8 . Son , who is perfected forever . Heb . vii .

new no t o ld If, the covenant is according to the o ne h a ; if, the c nge of the priesthood from the order o f Aaron to that of Melchizedek necessitates a change o f law ; and the word o f the oa th by which th e So n

m l a w is ade High Priest is since the ; and if, the commandment that went before has been annulled ;

l y d then , sure , the old covenant is abrogate , and the Sabbath l a w which was a part of it is no longer in force .

us f Let stand fast, there ore, in the liberty with w i d us n ot t hich Chr st ma e free, and be en angled with

of — 1 e V . . the yoke bondag Gal . We are not under l a w nd — R m i 14 l h e o . V . . a w a s , but u er grac The

l us become our schoolmaster, eading into Christ, that

f t h n we might be justified by a ith . But the fai h avi g ' 78 T H E COV ENAN T A B R OG A I ’E E

n F r o o as er . o come, we are longer under a sch olm t

of f For we are all sons God by aith in Christ Jesus .

wh o w all we ere immersed into Christ, did put on

J ew Christ . There is neither nor Greek, there is n m m either bond nor free, there is no ale and fe ale

ll n for we are a o e in Christ Jesus . And if we are

’ ’ h d s a o n Christ s, t en are we Abraham s see , heir cc rdi g - l iii 24—29 t Ga . . . o the promise . of l a w r i The servitude the , with its gorous require

in ments, burdensome yoke, and penal severities, is

o f the compatible with the genius gospel dispensation .

e e e out h w in Therefor , J sus has blott d the and riting

us to ordinances that was against , which was opposed us h as t o ut of n ; and he aken it the way, ailing it to

— l 14 n . . o w the cross C o . ii Jews and Gentiles may sit down to gether in the ba nquetting-house of our

n f — 1 4 e a o e . 1 . . Beloved, b ne th the ba ner lov Cant

our a one For he is Pe ce, who made both , and broke down the middle wall of partition having abolished

fl l a w of s in his esh the enmity, the commandment

a cont ined in ordinances, that he might make the two m ” — one . . . new man in himself, aking peace Eph ii 14 15 . " , nder the present economy, we have no ’ 80 T H E L onn s D A Y .

- weekly Sabbath Dav, but a perpetual Sabbath rest .

d o r Let not any one therefore judge you in foo , in

- or o f new— drink , or in respect of a feast day , a moon , ” - 1 “ a . . 6 . or of a S bbath Col . ii One man esteems o ne day above another ; another esteems every da y

h in alike . Let eac one be fully persuaded his own m ind . He that regards the day, regards it to the

Lord ; and he that eats, eats to the Lord, for he gives thanks to God ; and he that eats not, to the Lord he

of eats not, and gives thanks to God . For none us

s to to . we live himself, and none dies himself For if

to live, we live to the Lord and if we die, we die

die ‘ W e a re the Lord ; whether we live therefore, or ,

’ ” - m - B o . 5 8 th e Lord s . xiv . .

n we . " der the new covenant, are called unto liberty

l a w l in one r For all the is fu filled wo d , in this ’ — love th nei hbor a s th el 14 h lt s . . T hou s a y g y f . Gal v . l we w . If we are led by the Spirit, are not under a 18 v . . James says If indeed ye fulfill the royal

l a w i T hou sha lt love th , accord ng to the Scripture, y

it n hbor a s th se . So a eig y lf, ye do well spe k,

nd so as l a w of a do, they that shall be judged by the ”— 2 R m 1 8 1 o . . . J . . a 0 i t . . 9 . l ber y am ii , Comp re xiii ,

’ ‘ L R D D A Y " 8 2 THE O S .

’ " 21 t our h 1 . . a t e Af er Lord s resurrection , he s ys to eleven All power was given to me in heaven and i on earth . Go, therefore, and d sciple all the nations

teaching them to observe all things, whatever

- 1 —2 . 0 . f I commanded you Matt xxviii . 8 One o the apostles says If any one thinks himself to be a prophet, or spiritual, let him acknowledge, that the things which I write to you are the Lord ’s command ”— 3 i 1 r . 7 C . . ments . o xiv But no d rections are given to e the church by th se inspired teachers, to keep the d a first y of the week , or any day, as a Sabbath ; nor as a day for special worship and other religious ser vices .

As it was i mporta nt to establish regular and uni

h t form wors ip , les it should fall into neglect, the church evidently selected the first day for that purpose by general choice and consent, and by virtue of that l iberty distinguishing the gospel church state . The resurrection of Jesus transpired on the first day o f the h da th e t e . week , and on l same y disciples met The e first day of the following week th y again convened .

Bo th these occasions were favored with the persona l

e in presence of the risen Savior, who cam and stood ’

r nn L o R D s D A Y . 88

m : e o u - xx their idst, and says P ace be to y . John . 19 2 A 6 . , gain we find them all with one accord in f t o n e o . place, on the day Pen ecost (Acts ii which

we have reason to believe was the first day . The day

a s n w the honored by several memorable occurrences .

F im a They received the Promise of the ather, were 4 mers d in . o f e the Holy Spirit (Acts i , men all n h d own ations ear the gospel preached, each in his 7 f t . o tongue (Ac s ii three thousand whom , r t having received the word, and been born of the Spi i , were immersed in water ; and the ch urch experienced — — d l 4 1 47 r a t s . a further eve opmen v . These ci eum h stances, together wit its being the next day after the

Jewish Sabbath, then abrogated , without doubt had a potent influence in leading to the selection of the first day for assembling for united worship and religious services in general . Hence we meet with frequent

u evidences of that day being kept, in the s bsequent f history o the church . The disciples at Troas came

on o f together the first day the week to break bread, h —A 7—11 m and hear Paul preac cts xx . . The custo o f in on the church the apostolic age to meet that day ,

’ appears probable from Paul s order to the churches of

o f Galatia and Corinth On each first day the week , ’ 84 T H E L OR D s D A Y .

one ou c a s let every of y lay by him in store, a cording he is prospered , that there mav be no collections when ” I —1 or 1 2 B u . C . . . t come xvi , it was not until about sixty years after the resurrection , that it was

’ but w a s called the Lord s Day, and then once but it so d terme by an inspired man , the apostle John , then

- . 9 1 . 0 an exile in the island called Patmos Rev i . , .

A n d of it is a consideration great weight, that this usage of the church obtained under the leadership of the apostles and other inspired men .

As we prefer to rely on the Scriptures to sustain our w vie s, we will say but little respecting the testi

of i i monies un nsp red writers of the early centuries .

Among them are Ignatius of Antioch, who died but t a few years after the apostle John Justin Mar yr, a few years later still ; Dionysius of Corinth and Clem

of n ens Alexandria, in the second century ; Tertullia , in the begin ning of the third century ; and Origen and Cyprian , in the same ; who all bear witness to

’ the practice of the churches in observing the Lord s f Day as a special season o worship .

“ The first day of th e week ha s been the chosen one ’ D 8 5 THE L o a s DAY . o f the church from early in the apostolic age to the

m few on present ti e, with comparatively exceptions, which to engage in stated and special devotions and

the oh services, private and public ; to assemble for

of the d w servance or inances, the ministry of the ord ,

th e prayer, exhortation , singing praises, and reading

Scriptures . He that regards the day, regards it to the Lord ; a nd should therefo re lay aside his secular employments excepting such as may be necessary , a s of the preparation food , the feeding and care of

l n domestic anima s , atte dance on the sick , and giving alms . Conversation on other than religious topics ,

r reading secular prints, pleasu e excursions, ordinary

a visiting, writing letters , posting accounts, and wh t ever tends to dissipate serious thought, and unfit us for close communion with the Holy One, should be avoided .

d L ’ But we should bear in min , that the ord s Day

h n is not the Jewish Sabbath, c anged from the seve th w to the first day of the eek , and transferred to the new dispensation . Not only is it not the Sabbath

on is imposed Israel ; but it not a Sabbath at all .

not It is so denominated in the Scriptures . It has ’ 8 6 T H E L o R D s D A Y . n o t the characteristics of a Sabbath does not answer the design of a Sabbath ; does n ot bear any rese m bl ance to a Sabbath ; and sustains no relation to a

Sabba th . Neither has it come in the room of the

Jewish Sabbath .

was s The Sabbath in tituted by divine command , w r fi to ea ith a te ri c penalty annexed its violation . J

m u hovah came down upon o nt Sinai, and spake with the of children Israel from heaven , amidst fire, and

c smoke, and thunders, and lightnings, and bla kness,

e a and darkness , and temp st, and the sound of a trum

of m to pet, and the voice words, and ade known them his holy Sabbath ; but no statute was given to the d’ of . church immersed believers, to keep the Lor s Day

a o n r It was a volunt ry the part of the chu ch, in keeping with the liberty and spirituality of the new

l a w and better covenant . The fiery of Jehovah de n oun ced death for the l east infringement of the fourth

os section of the Decalogue, without mercy ; but the g pel affixes neither the promise of life to the obser v f ’ t ance o the Lord s Day, nor the threa ening of death

- to its non observance . ’

T H E L o nn s D A Y . 87

The Sabbath was divinely appointe d to occur on h da . the seventh y of each week, and on no ot er “ ” u Six days shalt tho labor and do all thy work ,

u i was as tr ly bind ng on the Israelites, as The sev c t eho va h u h is the Sabbath of J , thy God in it thou

n new s shalt ot do any work . But under the cove

th e r d a or nant, setting apa t of any particular y, any

n a nd umber of particular days, for special worship

r o n a n v c se vices, depends not y express and di ine ena t ; ment, specifying What day , or days, must be so kept

o r ma d but any day, days, we y regard to the Lor ,

’ become to us Lord s Days ; and w e are assured that

the observa nce of them is acceptable to the great

e the c H ad of hurch .

T h e Sabbath was enjoined o n Israel as a day o f o prof und rest . The families were to be convoked in th eir respective dwel lings ; n o work was to be done

n n o f the gatheri g of sticks, and the kindli g fires, were prohibited no man was to go ou t of his place on that

a nd e e holy day th refore the people were not requir d ,

n or to permitted , convene for public worship . On

’ r the Lord s Day, we have only a partial est from sec

u o ur ular purs its, while evangelical labors are greatly ’ ‘ 88 T H E L o R D s D A Y .

i cr as so o ho n e ed that, upon the whole, with th se w

s fulfill their baptismal engagements, faithfully persi t

w e o f t ing in alking in newn ss life, it is the mos a u ctive and laborio s one of the whole week .

O ur S s fr a l l o s eventh Day Bapti t iends, and ther who profess to keep a weekly Sabba th Day o f rest to

L r os o s s the ord, involve themselves in g s inc n i tencies,

s e es and olemn mockery . They giv their adversari

c r ba s. Fo r ground to mo k at thei Sab th example, what do we see " We take the wings of a lovely (so ~

r o the s called)Sabbath mo ning, and soar int heaven which canopy a Baptist section of our favored land

we sc see o and as survey the ene below, we a pi us mul titude of N ew e e bb a s i T stam nt Sa at rian , m lking cows,

to s b driving cattle pasture, grooming hor es, lacken

o t ing b o s, gathering sticks, picking up chips, kind

o s o o the ling fires, c oking provi i ns ; in sh rt, doing up

Sabbath morning chores .

w t " ca l m u e so b r t S ee day so , so p r , igh ; T h e b r id a l of th e earth and sk y 3

s c of da the After di cussing the politi s the v, and week while breaking their fasts at ta bles loaded with

’ 90 T H E L o nD s DAY .

of e is u a d dicated temple, the hymn read and s ng, comm encing

’ t o e Ano her six days work is d n , Another Sabbath is begun t u th t Re urn , my so l , enj oy y res , th e th G o d at t ” Improve day y h h bles .

P ff rayer is now o ered, accompanied with thanks for the return o f the holy Sabbath and after reading a nd singing

T h e t m day of res once ore comes round ,

The text is announced

th e S b t D a t o it l Remember a ba h y , keep ho y .

was t E e ins ituted in den , and its observance njoined

our on the whole human family, as stated by best the

h our ological writers, and taug t in all theological seminaries that God blessed and sanctified the sev enth it day, that is, made a Sabbath of , and kept it l himself ; that no reasonab e doubt can be entertained , that Cain and Abel brought their offerings on the “ a a Sabb th to present to the Lord th t the words, In d ” h “ process of ays, ought to ave been translated , In “ ’ 1 T H E L onD s D A Y . 9

” th e end of days, that is , in the end of the seven days

o f the week , the Sabbath Day ; that Noah evidently preserved the Sabbath from desecration while in th e

a r k of , sending forth the dove at intervals seven days e r c ach , ve y probably on three su cessive Sabbaths ; that the completion of Rachel’ s week by Jacob has a manifest reference to the Sabbath that when Moses “ said : This is that which the Lord has said : T o morrow wil l be the rest of the holy Sabbath unto the ” a Go d Lord , he had reference to wh t had said to “ e R e Adam in the garden of Eden ; that the t xt, ” m u me ber the Sabbath Day, shows concl sively that the people were required to re member the Sabbath which had been instituted long before ; that it is ex "

wa s e pressly declared, that the Sabbath mad for man , l that is , for all mankind that it is a so asserted , that the Son of Man is Lord of the Sabbath, which he c not in ould be unless a Sabbath was force, and that too under the present reign of grace ; and that at our

’ Savior s resurrection , the seventh day Sabbath which commemorated creation was changed to the first day

Sabbath which commemorates redemption .

m c lu i we After so e hasty, onc d ng services, see the ’ L onD s THE DAY . people dispersing ; with their intellectual stomachs stuffed with a of indigestible husks some to ‘ mass s s to their homes and sumptuous repa t , and others the

n houses of their friends, to assist in disposi g of their vi a nds and desserts ; while we glide safely back \ to earth , ready to indite the next paragraph .

The Sabbath was not appointed for the con vem ng

n s of the people for the public singi g of prai es, read

n ing the Scriptures, and preachi g the word . This is “ evident from the words : Let every ma n abide in his place ; let no ma n go out of his place on the sev cuth day and a gain It is the Sabbath of Jeho

h ll a s va in a your dwellings . If the Sabbath w to be kept in all the dwellings of Jacob, and no man

on was permitted to go out of his place that day, there could have been no assembling In one place for public worship without violating its sanctity . But it s has been a custom of the church, ever since the re ur

f L - rection o the ord , with numerous and oft repeated

f on proo s of the divine approval , to assemble the first

’ for r day of the week, or Lord s Day, stated wo ship and various religious exercises . ’ D THE L o R s DAY . 93

The seventh da y Sabbath was confined to a single

t s i i in o ne na ion, wor h pp ng place, and sacrificing on

I t na the same altar . was a tional Sabbath ; and adapted only to those whose seventh day was com

posed of precisely the same time . The hours of the

r d Sabbath we e holy time, in istinction from the hours o f a n da y n y other ; and co sequently , all who kept it,

simul ct semel o n d did so ; c mme ced , continue , and

d of complete , the observance the day, together ; which could n o t be done by all nations ; and which can r not now be done by the dispersed tribes . If o u Seventh Day Baptist brethren had a denominational

i in d im ex stence all parts of the worl , it would be p ossi ble for them to carry their principles in to pr a c tice ; Such is the absurdity in which those are

n e i volved , who pretend to obs rve a weekly Sabbath

of u d Day, whether the first or seventh the week, n er a dispensation in which the middle wall of pa rtition G between Jews and entiles is broken down (Eph . ii . 1 1 and the glorio us gospel of salvation and lib er ty is proclaimed alike to all a nd the angel is flying in mid- l n heaven , having the ever asti g gospel to preach to those who dwell on the earth, and to every n n e — ation , and tribe, and to gue, and peopl Rev . ’ T H E L OR D s DAY .

. a xiv . 6 The s ints of God are no longer trameled

e of fl n with ordinanc s the esh ; but in every natio ,

h ss he t at fears God , and works righteousne , is accept

able to him (Acts x . and whatever day he r e

’ h im o in gards ; it is to a L rd s Day, and rich spirit

u l a good .

’ The Sabbath was a memorial of a nation s emanei

’ patiou from an oppressive servitude ; but the Lord s

Day commemorates nothing ; it is simply selected by the volition of a large part of the church a s a day on which to partially dispense with the ordinary business

. f the of li e, to give themselves more fully to worship and work devol vmg on them as the followers of the

Lord Jesus .

The Sabbath was a sign between Jehovah a nd the m f m children of Israel , that he had set the apart ro

all other n ations ; but the Lords Day is not the sig n

f n o a ything .

“ Jesus says to the Jews : Has not Moses given ” — l a ou " J you the w, and none of y keeps the law ohn

19 So D a vii . . we may say to Seventh y Baptists, and other Baptists who like them claim to be under ’ 9 L o nD s . 5 THE DAY .

the law of Moses : Has not Moses given yo u the

n o f o u 9 Sabbath , and no e y keeps the Sabbath We

to one have yet meet with the first , Seventh Day

o r Baptist, or first Day Baptist, Jew, Gentile, who keeps either the first or seventh day of the week as

the ancient Sabbath was required to be kept . These votaries of a weekly Sabbath should practice what m they teach . To many , example speaks ore impres l l sive y than words . They not on y assemble for pub

a nd i lic worship p reaching on the r holy day, but they

m o perfor much forbidden labor, go on l ng and need

s t l less journeys, carry burden , each schoo , visit their

r friends and acquaintance, eceive and entertain com

n o r d pa y, evote many of the sacred hours to courtship .

o f ffl con Some, under the pretext visiting the a icted ,

r e a te ar g g in the sickroom , and we y the invalids with l oud conversation so that physicians frequently find their patients much worse th e n ext day after the rest h of t e holy Sabbath .

t a nd A otal rejection of a weekly Sabbath , a return

’ of th e to the proper observance Lord s Dav , would add largely to the spirituality and worki ng power of w the church of immersed believers . It ould abate ’

96 T H E L o nD s D A Y . the evils of Sunday visiting and Sunday gossip ; tend to impress upon our m embership their personal r e sponsibili ty respecting the evangelical activities to which their divine Ma ster has called them and afford a practical exposition of that beautiful parable of o ur “ of Lord The kingdom heaven is like to leaven , which a woman took and hid in three measures of ” -s M 83 was e a tt. . . meal , until the whole l avened . xiii

98 CONCORDANCE .

1 2 . 3 Chron . ix . 2 x 4 . 8 8 Chron xiii . , , . 14 31 1 . . 3 1 . 1 7 . 5 5 16 1 18 Neh ix ; x , ; xiii , , , , , 19 19 19 21 22 , , , , . 1 2 4 1 . 1 6 . 3 3 Is . vi , , ; lviii , . 21 22 22 24 24 7 2 . 2 . 7 . Jer xvii , , , , , , 12 13 16 20 21 24 1 12 . 4 Ezek xx . , , , , , ; xlvi . , , . m 5 A os viii . . 1 2 5 5 1 11 1 2 2 . . 8 0 . 0 Matt xii , , , , , , , ; xxiv ; 1 xxviii . .

2 1 11 2 24 2 2 . 3 7 7 2 2 2 M . 8 . 4 ark i , , , , ; iii , ; vi . 1 xvi . . 16 31 1 2 5 7 9 1 14 6 . 0 Luke iv . , ; vi . , , , , , ; xiii , , 1 1 4 3 5 . 5 56 . 14 15 6 . , , ; xiv , , ; xxiii , 1 1 1 2 2 2 14 16 9 0 6 3 . 8 . 2 3 John v . , , , ; vii , , ; ix , ; 1 3 1 3 . xix . , 2 14 2 4 2 4 4 21 1 7 . Acts i . ; xiii . , , , ; xv 4 2 . v . xvii . ; x iii 1 6 Col . ii . .

SABBATH REST . 9 Heb . iv . . I " " Y S WOR ING EARS . 10 Ex . xxiii . .

3 . Levit . xxv .

SEVENTH YEAR SABBATH . i 10 11 Ex . xxii . , . 1— 1 —22 7 . i . . 8 Lev t xxv , 31 Neh . x . . 99 C ON C OR D A N OE .

FIRST D A Y OF T H E SEVENTH D I ON T H SABBATH .

23- 2 i 5. Lev t . xxiii .

N Y T H E TE TH D A OF SEVENTH MONTH SABBATH . — 1 2 — 2 2 6 3 . 3 . . 9 Levit . xvi xxiii

T H D A Y T H E N A FIFTEEN OF SEVE TH MONTH S BBATH .

- 5 38 39 353 3 . Levit . xxiii . , ,

TWENTY-SECON D D A Y OF T H E SEVENTH MONT H

SABBATH . i . 33 34 . 36 38 39 Levit xxii , , , , .

J " YEAR OF BILEE . —1 . xxv . 7 Levit 8 .

R T O SABBATHS REFE RED INDISCRIMINATELY . 2 34 . . 34 35 4 3 Levit xxvi , , , , . 2 2 3 . Kings iv . 1 xiii 1 Chron . x i 3 . 2 4 . . 13 . . 3 21 2 . 1 . Chron ii ; viii ; xxxi ; xxxvi , 33 Neh . x . . 1 l . 3 2 Is . i ; xvi . 3 . 7 Lam . i . ; ii . 6 . 2 . 8 . 6 . 38 24 Ezek xxii , ; xxiii ; xliv . ;

3 . xlvi .

11 11 Hos . . . 1OO CONCORDANCE .

on . TEN WORDS, COMMANDMENTS 1—1 7 12 1 . . 6 . Ex xx ; xxiv . ; xxv . ; xxxi \1 1 1—4 2 —29 . 5 6 . 7 . xxxii , ; xxxiv ,

iv 1 1x 9—11 1 5 1 7 1— 3 . 5. Deut . . ; , , ; x .

A I SI N O COVENANT . 1 27 1 0 . . 6 . Ex xxxi . ; xxxiv , 44—4 8 . 6 . Levit . xxiv . xxvi

2 1— 1x 9—1 1 1 D 1 3 5. ent 3 3 . . . iv . , ; v ; , 9 21 1 . Kings viii . , —2 1—3 2 8 0 . . Kings xxii . xxiii 1 1 1 0 . 2 . . Chron v . ; vi 32 Jer . xxxi . .

F " FIRST DAY O THE WEE . 1 Matt . xxviii . . 2 9 Mark xvi . , . 1 Luke xxiv . . 1 19 John xx . , . 7 Acts xx . . 2 1 Cor . xvi . .

’ R D L O s DAY . 10 Rev . i . .