DOCSLIB.ORG

Emergence Et Développement De La Théorie Financière De L'entreprise

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Emergence Et Développement De La Théorie Financière De L'entreprise Emergence et développement de la théorie financière de l’entreprise avant 1929 : la contribution de Thorstein Veblen Marion Dieudonné To cite this version: Marion Dieudonné. Emergence et développement de la théorie financière de l’entreprise avant 1929 : la contribution de Thorstein Veblen. Economies et finances. Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2017. Français. NNT : 2017PSLED053. tel-01823669 HAL Id: tel-01823669 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01823669 Submitted on 26 Jun 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. TH ÈSE DE DOCTORAT de l’Université de recherche Paris Sciences et Lettres PSL Research University Préparée à l’Université Paris -Dauphine EMERGENCE ET DEVELOPPEMENT DE LA THEORIE FINANCIERE DE L'ENTREPRISE AVANT 1929: La contribution de Thorstein Veblen cole Doctorale de Dauphine — ED 543 COMPOSITION DU JURY : Spécialité Sciences économiques M. Jérôme de BOYER des ROCHES Université Paris-Dauphine Directeur de thèse M. Richard ARENA Université Sophia-Antipolis Rapporteur M. Alain BERAUD Université de Cergy-Pontoise Rapporteur M. Thierry GRANGER Université Paris-Dauphine Membre du jury Soutenue le 26.04.2017 M. Thierry KIRAT par Marion DIEUDONNE CNRS et Université Paris-Dauphine Membre du jury M. Edwin LE HERON Dirigée par M. Jérôme de BOYER des Sciences Po Bordeaux Membre du jury ROCHES M. Antoine REBERIOUX Université Diderot Paris-7 Président du jury ! LSUNIVERSIT PARIS -DAUPHINE nSentend donner aucune approbation ni improbation aux opinions mises dans les th ses ; ces opinions doivent tre consid r es comme propres leurs auteurs. E Comment dans cette vie br ve, htive, qu'accompagne sans cesse un bourdonnement impatient, descendre un escalier ? C'est impossible ! Le temps qui t'est mesur est si court qu'en perdant une seule seconde, tu as d j perdu la vie enti re, car elle n'est pas plus longue, elle ne dure justement que le temps que tu perds ! T'es-tu ainsi engag dans un chemin, pers v re tout prix, tu ne peux qu'y gagner, tu ne cours aucun risque ; peut- tre qu'au bout tSattend la catastrophe, mais si d s les premiers pas tu avais fait demi-tour et si tu avais redescendu l'escalier, tu aurais failli d s le d but, cSest plus que probable, cSest mme certain. Ainsi ne trouves- tu rien derri re ces portes, rien nSest perdu, lance- toi vers dSautres escaliers ! Tant que tu ne cesseras de monter, les marches ne cesseront pas ; sous les pieds qui montent, elles se multiplieront l 'infini ! F (Franz Kafka, pigraphe, Zohar, Tome I) Remerciements Je me dois de remercier tout dSabord mon directeur de th se, J rme de Boyer des Roches, pour avoir accept , depuis d j, quelques ann es, dSencadrer un m moire puis une th se sur Veblen. Bien quSau d part, vous tiez dubitatif concernant lSencadre ment dSun travail sur lSinstitutionnalisme, et tout particuli rement sur Veblen. Pour autant vous avez accept avec int rt. Mme si le travail de th se, sa coordination et la communication entre doctorant et superviseur ne sont pas toujours des plus faciles, je vous remercie pour votre temps, vos infatigables remarques et suggestions, la passion pour votre m tier, votre engagement pour les jeunes chercheurs ainsi que pour votre gentillesse et votre compr hension. Merci galement lSensemble des membres du jury dSavoir accept de prendre un peu de votre temps pour lire et estimer mon travail ; aujourdShui pour la soutenance mais aussi au cours de journ es dS tude ou de rencontres acad miques pour ceux que jSai eu la chance de croiser r guli rement au cours de ces ann es. Je vous en suis reconnaissante. Je remercie les coll gues enseignants-chercheurs du SDFi de Dauphine. Un merci plus particulier pour Bertrand Villeneuve qui mSa accueillie dans le laboratoire - malgr la non-obtenti on dSun contrat doctoral pour financer ces ann es - dans des conditions mat rielles de travail tr s confortables, du d but la fin. JSai eu la chance dSavoir un bureau me permettant dStre en interaction avec mes coll gues de lSuniversit , et donc non isol e ; ce qui nSest pas n gligeable, loin de l. Mais le laboratoire mSa galement financ e des colloques qui ont permis dSenrichir mon travail. CSest galement dans ce cadre que jSai obtenu un contrat administratif pour lSorganisation de la conf rence de lSADRES durant une p riode financi rement compliqu e, ainsi quSun contrat dSATER pendant 3 ans partir de ma 3 me ann e de th se, suite lSobtention du CAPES . Par ailleurs lS coute et le soutien quSEve Caroli mSa apport e N ainsi quS bien dSautres doctorants - mSont permis sur les derniers mois de mener bien cette th se et de garder confiance en moi, foi en ce que je faisais. Je remercie galement Marisa Ratto et Mariana Rojas-Breu pour leur gentillesse, leur temps, leur relecture, et leurs mots toujours r confortants aupr s des doctorants et particuli rement en ce qui me concerne. Merci lSensemble des enseignants qui ont accept de me confier des charges de cours tout au long de ces ann es. LSenseignement a t pour moi le meilleur des moteurs. Je remercie les r f r s des deux papiers que jSai envoy s aux revues History of Economic Ideas ainsi que European Journal of History of Economic Thought, pour leurs commentaires constructifs ainsi que lSensemble des personnes du milieu acad mique avec lesquel les jSai eu la chance et le plaisir dSavoir des discussions formelles ou non au cours de colloques, de rencontres, de diners. Je pense entre autres, et sans ordre pr tabli, Guillaume Valet, Jean-S bastien Lenfant, Nicola Giocolli, Fabien Tarit, V ronique Dutraive, Laure Bazolli, J rme Maucourant, C dric Durant, Stephen Martin, Luca Fiorito, Sebastiano Nerozzi, Elodie Bertrand, Adrian de Leon, Ana Rosado, Analisa Roselli, Ragip Ege, lSensemble des professeurs du s minaire H2M, ... jSen oublie certainement. Ce travail de th se, quel quSen soit le r sultat et la consid ration acad mique, aura t pour moi les N un peu plus de N 4 ann es les plus riches de ma vie. Par richesse jSentends bien sur une nourriture intellectuelle pour lSesprit, mais pr esque secondairement au regard de lSopportunit que cette th se a t de me permettre dSapprendre vivre E comme une grande F, et jSen ressentais certainement le besoin. En effet, je me suis confront e en partie par choix, des tudes doctorales sans financement. Les conditions de vie pr caires, on peut le dire, mais joyeuses des deux premi res ann es ont certainement t les plus formatrices. Pour autant, je ne les revivrais pour rien au monde, tant ma vie a chang depuis. Quand je revois la E journ e type F de ma premi re ann e de th se, je me dis que je ne E cherchais F pas beaucoup - comme diraient avec une pointe dSironie tous ceux qui mSentourent, non -initi s au milieu de la recherche. Toutes ces heures pass es faire des sondages dans la rue, compter les usagers du RER, faire du baby-sitting, distribuer des flyers tt le matin aux sorties de m tro, donner des cours particuliers, cumuler les vacations entre autres dSenseignement, ranger les livres, mais aussi mSoccuper de lSaccueil et des emprunts la biblioth que PMF ont rempli mes journ es. JSai une pens e sinc re pour tous ces gens qui ont fait mon quotidien durant ces deux ann es et qui mSont permis de r aliser N bien que je nS tais pas si nave avant N le monde dans lequel je vis. Car finalement, ma situation si souvent pleurnich e, nS tait pas si pr caire eut gard au dynamisme de ma vie et mon entourage tr s pr sent ! Je rle souvent, cSest comme a, mais il faut en prendre et en laisser ! Et cS tait sans compter des amis formidables qui ont occup mes soir es, quand je nS tais pas au th tre ou au cin ma ! Puis il y a eu la d cision de passer le CAPES, courtant encore un peu ce temps dS tudes doctorales en 2 me ann e de th se, afin de mSassurer E un statut F comme dirait quelquSun qui mSest proche, mais surtout une vie et un m tier qui me plait. Ce concours a t lSoccasion de me rendre compte de choses simples, et dSenrichir encore un peu plus ma bulle de doctorants/professeurs qui constituent mes amis, et visiblement, eux, on les choisit ! Faire une th se est en fait une aventure permettant pl thores de rencontres, une exp rience, un moment part et un beau moment. Je commence E presque F par le meilleur, une fois nSest pas coutume N ces bons mom ents, je les dois en grande partie au partage dSune vie bien remplie avec mes anciens compagnons de master, aujourdShui doctorants ou enseignants. Cette th se nSaurait d finitivement pas eu le mme got sans E les gar ons F qui ont r ellement t mes co- accompagnateurs, d faut dStre mes co -bureaux, et surtout mes amis toujours pr sents. Mais galement ceux tout E comme moi F de la C104 (anciennement P155-158 et encore plus anciennement B313), d sormais amis doctorants et docteurs, ces co-bureaux qui ont t mon quotidien mais avec qui jSai aussi partag et je partage toujours des vrais moments de d tente, des soir es, des week- ends G Merci pour votre patience, votre coute, votre compr hension avec la ronchonneuse , votre juste mesure avec mon caract re, votre bonne humeur, vos id es d bordantes, nos d primes doctorales, nos discussions dSapr s -repas, nos discussions quand jSen avais besoin, nos diverses pauses caf , th ou juste pause parce quSon en a besoin, ces petits moments de laisser -aller non pr m dit s, mais aussi pour votre s rieux, ces entraides dans la pr paration des cours, des relectures de th se, bref, pour cette super ambiance de bureau.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Università Degli Studi Di Siena Quaderni Del Dipartimento
    UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI SIENA QUADERNI DEL DIPARTIMENTO DI ECONOMIA POLITICA E STATISTICA Luca Fiorito The influence of American economists on the Clayton and Federal Trade Commission Acts n. 623 – Ottobre 2011 Abstract - The aim of this paper is to analyze American economists’ influence in the passing of the Clayton and Federal Trade Commission Acts (1914). Specifically, it is argued and documented that American economists were important in this process in two ways. Many economists exercised an “indirect” influence by discussing in academic journals and books problems concerning trusts, combinations, and the necessary measures to preserve the working of competitive markets. At least as importantly, if not more so, some economists took an active role in the reform movement both contributing to draft proposals for the amendment of existing antitrust legislation and providing help and advice during the Congressional debates which led to the passing of the FTC and Clayton Acts. Among these, we will focus primarily, albeit not exclusively, on the contribution of John Bates Clark. Jel Classification: B13; B14; B15; K21; L41; L42 This essay is dedicated to the Memory of Warren Samuels (1933--‐2011), who was of guidance and support to the writer and a continuous source of inspiration to the entire community of historians of economic thought. Luca Fiorito, University of Palermo: [email protected]. 1 The influence of American economists on the Clayton and Federal Trade Commission Acts Luca Fiorito1 In our warship of the survival of the fit under free natural selection we are sometimes in danger of forgetting that the conditions of the struggle fix the kind of fitness that shall come out of it; that survival in the prize ring means fitness for pugilism; not for bricklaying nor philanthropy; that survival in predatory competition is likely to mean something else than fitness for good and efficient production; and that only from a strife with the right kind of rules can the right kind of fitness emerge (Clark and Clark 1912, 200).
    [Show full text]
  • Professor Jeremiah Jenks of Cornell University and the 1903 Chinese Monetary Reform
    Hitotsubashi Journal of Economics 50 (2009), pp.35-46. Ⓒ Hitotsubashi University PROFESSOR JEREMIAH JENKS OF CORNELL UNIVERSITY AND THE 1903 CHINESE MONETARY REFORM ＊ CHENG-CHUNG LAI Department of Economics, National Tsing Hua University Sinchu 30013, Taiwan [email protected] JOSHUA JR-SHIANG GAU Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics Taipei 10065, Taiwan [email protected] TAI-KUANG HO Department of Economics, National Chung Cheng University Chiayi 62102, Taiwan [email protected] Received February 2008; Accepted October 2008 Abstract The Boxer uprising in China (1900) killed quite a number of foreigners and missionaries, which induced the armies of eight Western powers to invade China and they imposed an indemnity of 400 million silver taels. The international silver price around the 1900s was slumping, and these indemnity-treaty powers (e.g. France, UK, Germany, and Belgium) strongly wished China to establish a silver monetary system that would be maintained at parity with gold. Professor Jeremiah Jenks (1856-1929) of Cornell University was mandated to establish a gold-exchange standard for China. This paper begins with Jenksʼs life and work and the background of his mission to China. Section 2 presents the basic principle of this reform project and its specific designs. Section 3 assesses reactions and criticisms on Jenksʼs proposal. Possible arbitrage activities between gold and silver are analyzed in Sections 4 in order to evaluate the sustainability of Jenksʼs system. We conclude that: (1) Jenksʼs new systemmight have been stable in 1904-16 and 1928-30; (2) technically speaking, this was a remarkable design. Keywords: Professor Jeremiah Jenks (1856-1929), Chinese monetary reform of 1903, gold- exchange standard, silver standard.
    [Show full text]
  • Indiana Magazine of History
    INDIANA MAGAZINE OF HISTORY ’Volume XLV SEPTEMBER,1949 Number 3 The Heroic Age of the Social Sciences Robert S. Fletcher* History, political theory, and economics were not wholly neglected even in the colonial colleges. But history was chiefly treated as the handmaiden of theology and the Greek and Latin classics, while economic and political matters were dealt with in the courses in moral philosophy and ethics. The American Revolution and the experience of constitu- tion-making gave a great impetus to the study of politics. In 1779, Thomas Jefferson was instrumental in bringing about a notable revision of the curriculum of William and Mary College whereby more emphasis was placed upon political studies; by 1792 a knowIedge of “NationaI Law, Law of Nations, and the general principles of politics” was required for graduation. Other colleges followed this example. In the two succeeding generations the Federalist was listed as a text in many catalogs, and Locke, Rousseau, Montesquieu, and the Declaration of Independence were often included in required reading. New books on moral philosophy appeared with an ex- panded political emphasis. In 1795 a professor at Columbia published a Systematic Treatise on Moral Philosophy: Com- prehending the Law of Nature-Ethics-Natural Jurispru- dence-General Economy-Politics-and the Lnw of Nations which he optimistically hoped would “inflame the American youth with a true love for their country.”’ The first rumblings of the industrial revolution produced a greater emphasis on economics (or political economy, as it wag called). Adam Smith’s famous but wordy and difficult *Robert S. Fletcher is .a member of the history department at Oberlin College, Oberlin Oho.
    [Show full text]
  • Schakenbachregele Dissertation 3.31.15
    Manufacturing Advantage: War, the State, and the Origins of American Industry, 1790- 1840 By Lindsay Schakenbach Regele Brown University, PhD candidate A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY AT BROWN UNIVERSITY PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND MAY 2015 ©Copyright 2015 by Lindsay Schakenbach Regele This dissertation by Lindsay Schakenbach Regele is accepted in its present form by the Department of History as satisfying the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Date _____________ _____________________ Seth Rockman, Advisor Recommended to the Graduate Council Date______________ _______________________ Michael Vorenberg, Reader Date ______________ _______________________ Harold J. Cook, Reader Date ______________ _______________________ Mark Wilson, Reader Approved by the Graduate Council Date _______________ _______________________ Peter M. Weber, Dean of the Graduate School iii VITA Lindsay Schakenbach Regele was born in Worcester, Massachusetts on April 18, 1984. She attended Connecticut College in New London, where she earned a B.A., summa cum laude. She received an M.A. in United States History from Tufts University in 2009. At Brown University, she studied early American History, specializing in diplomacy and political economy. She’s taught classes on American business history and the American Revolution at Brown and has published articles in New England Quarterly and New York History. In the fall of 2015, she will join the faculty at Miami University as an Assistant Professor in History. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am not sure how to begin thanking people for all the help they have given me. I probably would not have pursued a PhD, had it not been for my undergraduate adviser Leo Garofalo, who encouraged me to become a history major, and Ben Carp, who provided invaluable mentorship and feedback on my master’s thesis at Tufts University.
    [Show full text]
  • Copy of DOC001
    BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY VOLUME 48 NUMBER 1 CATALOGUE NUMBER jor 1939 PUB LIS H E D BY 'T H E INS 'T I'T U 'T E, JAN U A R Y, 1939 The California Institute of Technology Bulletin is Published Quarterly Entered as Second-Class Matter at the Post Office ~t Pasadena. California. Under the Act of August 24. 1912 BlJLLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY VOLUME 48 NUMBER I A COLLEGE, GRADUATE SCHOOL, AND INSTITUTE OF RESEARCH IN SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND THE HUMANITIES CATALOGUE NUMBER jor 1939 PASADENA· CALIFORNIA· JANUARY, 1939 CONTENTS PAGE ACADEMIC CALENDAR ....•...•..•..••..•.....•••........•..•.....•• BOARD OF TRUSTEES. • . • . • • . 6 OFFICERS: Board of Trustees. 6 Administrative Officers of the Institute. 7 Officers and Committees of the Faculty. 8 STAFF OF INSTRUCTION AND RESEARCH ...•••...... " ••. .. .. .. ....••• •• 9 STAFF OF INSTRUCTION AND RESEARCH SUMMARY. .. ... ......•..•..• .. 47 CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE ASSOCIATES................................... 58 HISTORICAL SKETCH .....•..............•...........•......•....... 60 EDUCATIONAL POLICIES .....................•............••••...•... 62 BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES. • . • . • . • . • . • . 65 ATHENJEUM ..••...•.....•••............•••....•......••.•........ 69 STUDENT HOUSES .•...••..•....................................... 70 EXTRA-CURRICULAR OPPORTUNITIES .................................. 71 STUDENT HEALT:H AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION ..••••••.•...... " • • . • . • 75 REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION TO UNDERGRADUATE STANDING. .. 78 EXPENSES ....••..........................•..•...................
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Cliometrics in History and Economics
    Documents de travail « The Role of Cliometrics in History and Economics» Auteurs Claude Diebolt, Michael Haupert Document de Travail n° 2021 – 26 Juin 2021 Bureau d’Économie Théorique et Appliquée BETA www.beta-umr7522.fr @beta_economics Contact : [email protected] The Role of Cliometrics in History and Economics Claude Diebolt, CNRS, University of Strasbourg and Michael Haupert, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse Prepared for Bloomsbury History: Theory and Method Draft: June 10, 2021 Summary How did cliometrics in particular, and economic history in general, arrive at this crossroads, where it is at once considered to be a dying discipline and one that is spreading through the economics discipline as a whole? To understand the current status and future prospects of economic history, it is necessary to understand its past. Keywords Cliometrics, economic history, Robert Fogel, Douglass North, economic growth, econometrics, interdisciplinary economic history, new economic history, multidisciplinary, methodology, quantitative. JEL codes A12, N00, N01 Introduction In 2019 Diebolt and Haupert (2019a), in a response to the question of whether economic history had been assimilated by the economics discipline, argued that rather than assimilation, economic history resembled a ninja, and had infiltrated the discipline. That view of the current status of economic history is not universally shared. Abramitzky (2015 p 1242) bemoaned the fact that the typical economist only cares about the past “to the extent that it sheds light on the present.” More recently, Stefano Fenoaltea (2018) mourned what he saw as the loss of respect for the field of cliometrics. Abramitzky and Fenoaltea represent contemporary scholars who identified dark shadows encroaching upon economic historians.
    [Show full text]
  • Antitrust: Discussion of Ideas Among Legislators and Who Has to Follow the Law
    1 ANTITRUST: DISCUSSION OF IDEAS AMONG LEGISLATORS AND WHO HAS TO FOLLOW THE LAW XVIe colloque Charles Gide. 14-16 abril 2016 Strasbourg, France Author: Ana Rosado. Complutense University of Madrid, Spain [email protected] Abstract The internalization of market transactions was the strategy of the majority of American companies at the end of the nineteenth century in order to increase the productivity and to reduce costs. Until 1880 the biggest American firms internalized suppliers and since 1890 included distribution, at the same time, the entrepreneurs amassed impressive fortunes. As a result the problem of trust became a moral issue, supported by the fact that society wealth has been transferred from customers to richest men. In this context a few debates took place among the American economists: first, a theoretical debate referred to prevention of monopolization of industry; second debate about the convenience of reform of the institutions and the origins of the FTC, and finally the control of economy by states. In this paper we tried to shade light about the economic arguments for and against to restrain the power of big American companies. Keywords: Antitrust, American History of Economic Thought, Markets Imperfections, Competition and Law. JEL code: B-21; K-21; D-43 2 I. INTRODUCTION At the end of the XIX century American firms shaped their structure into multidivisional companies and some of them became trusts. Many authors began to be worried about the size that these companies had reached; one of these authors was John Bates Clark. Indeed, he gave his name to the prelude price for the Nobel Prize for Economics.
    [Show full text]
  • Genres of Financial Capitalism in Gilded Age America
    Reading the Market Peter Knight Published by Johns Hopkins University Press Knight, Peter. Reading the Market: Genres of Financial Capitalism in Gilded Age America. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2016. Project MUSE. doi:10.1353/book.47478. https://muse.jhu.edu/. For additional information about this book https://muse.jhu.edu/book/47478 [ Access provided at 28 Sep 2021 08:25 GMT with no institutional affiliation ] This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Reading the Market new studies in american intellectual and cultural history Jeffrey Sklansky, Series Editor Reading the Market Genres of Financial Capitalism in Gilded Age America PETER KNIGHT Johns Hopkins University Press Baltimore Open access edition supported by The University of Manchester Library. © 2016, 2021 Johns Hopkins University Press All rights reserved. Published 2021 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper Johns Hopkins Paperback edition, 2018 2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 1 Johns Hopkins University Press 2715 North Charles Street Baltimore, Maryland 21218-4363 www.press.jhu.edu The Library of Congress has cataloged the hardcover edition of this book as folllows: Names: Knight, Peter, 1968– author Title: Reading the market : genres of financial capitalism in gilded age America / Peter Knight. Description: Baltimore : Johns Hopkins University Press, [2016] | Series: New studies in American intellectual and cultural history | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2015047643 | ISBN 9781421420608 (hardcover : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781421420615 (electronic) | ISBN 1421420600 [hardcover : alk. paper) | ISBN 1421420619 (electronic) Subjects: LCSH: Finance—United States—History—19th century | Finance— United States—History—20th century.
    [Show full text]
  • Thomas C. Leonard, Illiberal Reformers: Race, Eugenics & American Economics in the Progressive Era (New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2016
    Reviews 148 DOI: 10.2478/abcsj-2018-0021 American, British and Canadian Studies, Volume 31, December 2018 Thomas C. Leonard, Illiberal Reformers: Race, Eugenics & American Economics in the Progressive Era (New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2016. $45 hardcover). Pp. xiv+250. ISBN 978-0- 691-16959-0 In a nutshell, Thomas C. Leonard’s book, Illiberal Reformers: Race, Eugenics & American Economics in the Progressive Era , is a tale of discombobulating paradoxes. First, there is the title itself, “illiberal reformers,” which might easily perplex the amateur reader, offend his/her sensibilities, but stir intellectual curiosity. Two questions arise: how is it possible for an illiberal ideologue to positively reform the society he/ she is a member of, and, conversely, how could a reformer generally be associated to illiberal practices and mentalities? The author answers both questions by properly providing non-elusive meanings of the title first two words: whilst ‘illiberal’ merely combats the ideological assumptions of classical liberalism, ‘reformer’ does not necessarily have an unconditional sympathetic connotation. The author contends that reformism during the progressive era was about implementing certain substantial transformations of some dominant policies, generating both positive and negative effects. “Progressivism reconstructed American liberalism by dismantling the free market of classical liberalism and erecting in its place the welfare state of modern liberalism” (Leonard 191). Second, there is the historical period itself: by and large, historians, economists, intellectuals, political scientists and pundits have termed the age between the 1880s and the early 1920s the ‘Gilded Age’ and the ‘Progressive Era’, generally without putting forward sufficient clarifying distinctions. This is precisely what Thomas Leonard commendably achieves.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Comment on Proposed Priorities for 2015 Amendment Cycle
    July 28, 2014 United States Sentencing Commission One Columbus Circle, NE, Suite 2-500, South Lobby Washington, D.C. 20002-8002 Attention Public Affairs - Priorities Comment Dear U.S. Sentencing Commission: We are writing pursuant to the Commission's Federal Register Notice of Proposed Priorities and Request for Public Comment, June 2, 2014, in which the Commission is seeking public comment on proposed priority policy issues for the amendment cycle ending May 1, 2015.1 The Commission identified as being among it's tentative priorities: "2) Continuation of its work on economic crimes, including... (C) a study of antitrust offenses, including examination of the fine provisions in §2R1.1 (Bid-Rigging, Price-Fixing or Market Allocation Agreements Among Competitors); and (D) consideration of any amendments to such guidelines that may be appropriate in light of the information obtained from such studies." The American Antitrust Institute (AAI) is an independent non-profit education, research, and advocacy organization. Our mission is to increase the role of competition, assure that competition works in the interests of consumers, and challenge abuses of concentrated economic power in the American and world economy. We promote the vigorous use of antitrust as a vital component of national and international competition policy.2 We are pleased the Commission is considering a study of the Guidelines' antitrust fine provisions. In this comment we urge the Commission to reconsider a crucial empirical finding it made in 1987 that has become a lynchpin of the formula used to calculate fines for collusion offenses. The 2013 Guidelines Manual, Chapter Two - Offense Conduct, Part R - Antitrust Offenses, Section 2R1.1, Commentary 3, reads as follows: "3....In selecting a fine for an organization within the guideline fine range, the court should consider both the gain to the organization from the offense and the loss caused by the organization.
    [Show full text]
  • Re-Categorizing Americans: Difference, Distinction, and Belonging in the Dillingham Commission (1907-1911) by Seonmin Kim a Diss
    Re-Categorizing Americans: Difference, Distinction, and Belonging in the Dillingham Commission (1907-1911) By Seonmin Kim A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Ann Swidler, Co-chair Professor Cybelle Fox, Co-chair Professor Irene Bloemraad Professor Mara Loveman Professor Taeku Lee Summer 2018 Abstract Re-categorizing Americans: Difference, Distinction, and Belonging in the Dillingham Commission (1907-1911) By Seonmin Kim Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology University of California, Berkeley Professor Ann Swidler, Co-chair Professor Cybelle Fox, Co-chair This dissertation asks how American social scientists and federal bureaucrats generated knowledge about immigrants in the early twentieth century, and how such knowledge led to the re-invention of the boundaries within and around whiteness. To answer these questions, I analyze archival materials related to the Dillingham Commission (1907-1911), an investigative commission that conducted the most comprehensive study of immigrants ever undertaken by the federal government. With the rapid increase of immigration in the late nineteenth century, there was a growing sense that immigration was a problem, and both the public and elite policymakers deliberated over immigration control. The Dillingham Commission was tasked with providing a scientific foundation for immigration policy-making by sorting out “desirable” immigrants from “undesirable” ones based on a massive amount of statistical and ethnographic data. The importance of the Dillingham Commission, however, lay in the fact that it captured the ways in which immigration was transforming racial boundaries – those within and around the the whiteness.
    [Show full text]
  • Failed Expectations: the Troubled Past and Uncertain Future of the Sherman Act As a Tool for Deconcentration
    Failed Expectations: The Troubled Past and Uncertain Future of the Sherman Act as a Tool for Deconcentration Wiliam E. Kovacic* Trustbusting is the Sherman Act's most alluring and enduring mirage. Since 1890 the deconcentration possibilities suggested by the statute's ban on monopolization 2 have enticed generations of distinguished antitrust scholars and government policymakers. Federal enforcement officials have mounted memorable campaigns to disassemble leviathans of American business, yet the tantalizing goal of improving the economic and political order by restructuring dominant firms frequently has eluded its pursuers.3 To most students of antitrust, the history of Sherman Act deconcentration endeavors is largely a chronicle of costly defeats and inconsequential victories.4 Even the lustre of the government's greatest *Assistant Professor, George Mason University School of Law. A.B. 1974, Princeton University; J.D. 1978, Columbia University. The author thanks Kathryn M. Fenton, Herbert Hovenkamp, Theodore P. Kovaleff, Robert H. Lande, James May, Robert J. Michaels, and David Millon for many useful comments and discussions. 1. 26 Stat. 209 (1890) (codified as amended at 15 U.S.C. §§ 1-7 (1982)). 2. Section 2 of the Sherman Act states in part: "Every person who shall monopolize, or attempt to monopolize, or combine or conspire with any other person or persons, to monopolize any part of the trade or commerce among the several states, or with foreign nations, shall be deemed guilty of a felony .... 15 U.S.C. § 2 (1982). 3. A representative assessment of the situation has stated that the "government has since 1890 attacked and defeated monopolies in courtrooms across the country.
    [Show full text]