EDITED BY HILDA L. SMITH & MELINDA S. ZOOK Within and Beyond the Academy Generations of Women Historians Hilda L. Smith • Melinda S. Zook Editors Generations of Women Historians Within and Beyond the Academy Editors Hilda L. Smith Melinda S. Zook University of Cincinnati Purdue University Cincinnati, OH, USA West Lafayette, IN, USA ISBN 978-3-319-77567-8 ISBN 978-3-319-77568-5 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77568-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018945203 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover illustration: The new library at Girton College, Cambridge University (1900). The college, founded in 1869, was the first for female undergraduates. © Photo by Reinhold Thiele/Getty Images Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland This work is dedicated to Berenice A. Carroll (1932–2018). CONTENTS 1 Introduction: Women’s Scholarship Within and Outside the Academy, 1870–1960 1 Hilda L. Smith Part I Women and the Medieval and Early Modern Economy 23 2 Ellen Annette McArthur: Establishing a Presence in the Academy 25 Amy Louise Erickson 3 Alice Clark’s Critique of Capitalism 49 Tim Stretton 4 Julia Cherry Spruill, Historian of Southern Colonial Women 73 Anna Suranyi Part II Politics and Citizenship in Early Modern Britain 89 5 “No Leisure for Myself ”: C.C. Stopes and British Freewomen 91 Hilda L. Smith vii viii Contents 6 C. V. Wedgwood: The Historian and the World 115 Melinda S. Zook 7 Caroline Robbins: An Anglo-American Historian 137 Lois G. Schwoerer Part III Women and Modern Politics 157 8 Arvède Barine: History, Modernity, and Feminism 159 Whitney Walton 9 The Historian and the Empress: Isabel de Madariaga’s Catherine the Great 181 Willard Sunderland 10 Eleanor Flexner: Civil Rights and Feminist Activism and Writing 195 M. Christine Anderson Part IV Alternate Paths to Historical Scholarship 217 11 Women’s Literary History in Late Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century France: Louise de Kéralio and Henriette Guizot de Witt 219 Mihoko Suzuki 12 Ruth Benedict: An Anthropologist’s Historical Writings 247 Tracy Teslow 13 Nancy Mitford: Lessons for Historians from a Best- Selling Author 273 Judith P. Zinsser Contents ix Part V Conclusion 297 14 Conclusion: Understanding Women Historians’ Lives and Scholarly Reputations Both Within and Outside the Academy 299 Bonnie G. Smith Index 309 EDITORS aND CONTRIBUTORS ABOUT THE EDITORS Hilda L. Smith is a Professor Emerita of History at the University of Cincinnati and an early modern British specialist. She has published on women’s intellectual history and on women’s work and business owner- ship in early modern London. Her works include Reason’s Disciples: Seventeenth-Century English Feminists (1982) and All Men and both Sexes: Gender, Politics and the False Universal in England, 1640–1832 (2002). Most recently, she has introduced a discussion of Alice Clark’s work on women’s labor in the journal Early Modern Women, and her career was recognized in a festschrift published in 2014. Melinda S. Zook is a Professor of History at Purdue University and the author of Radical Whigs & Conspiratorial Politics in Late Stuart England (1999; paperback, 2008) and Protestantism, Politics and Women in Britain, 1660–1714 (2013) which was awarded Best Book on Gender for 2013 by the Society for the Study of Early Modern Women. She edited Revolutionary Currents: Nation-Building in the Transatlantic World, 1688–1821 (2004) and Challenging Orthodoxies: The Social and Cultural Worlds of Early Modern Women (2014). She has published numerous articles on political thought, radicalism, religion, and women in seventeenth- and eighteenth- century England. xi xii EDITORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS M. Christine Anderson is Associate Professor of History and Co-Director of the Public History Program at Xavier University, Cincinnati, Ohio. She received her MA and PhD from The Ohio State University. Her teaching and research focus on American women’s and black history. She has published in the Journal of Women’s History, American Catholic Studies, and Humanity and Society. Her most recent public history projects include “The Journal of Sister Justina and the Santa Maria Institute,” on The Catholic University of America American Catholic Classroom website and King Studios “Traveling Suitcase” exhibits on Civil Rights and the Great Migration. Amy Louise Erickson is University Lecturer in History at the University of Cambridge. Her main area of research is feminist economics of early modern England, where she has published Women and Property in Early Modern England (1993) and several articles, most recently ‘Mistresses and Marriage; or, A Short History of the Mrs’, in History Workshop Journal (2014). Her interest in women’s university education in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries arose from work on “University and Life Experience,” an oral history of Girton College, Cambridge. She is cur- rently one of the Managers of the Ellen McArthur Fund. Lois G. Schwoerer is the Kayser Professor of History Emerita at the George Washington University and Scholar-in-Residence at the Folger Shakespeare Library. She has published five books (two of which won prizes), edited two volumes, and published numerous articles (two of which won prizes). Her work has focused on early modern England from the perspectives of gun culture (most recently), print culture, and political and constitutional history. She has written a biography of a noblewoman and essays on women’s history. Her present project concerns an unconven- tional sixteenth-­century noblewoman, Ann Howard, Dowager Countess of Oxford (1499–1559). Bonnie G. Smith is Board of Governors Distinguished Professor Emerita, Rutgers University. She is the author of books in women’s, world, and European history and historiography. These include The Gender of History: Men, Women, and Historical Practice (2000) and (with Nicholas Adams) History and the Texture of Modern Life: Selected Essays of Lucy Maynard Salmon (2001). EDITORS AND CONTRIBUTORS xiii Tim Stretton is a Professor of History at Saint Mary’s University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, specializing in women, law, and litigation. He is the author of Women Waging Law in Elizabethan England (1998), the editor of a Camden Series volume, Marital Litigation in the Court of Requests, 1542–1642 (2008), and co-editor (with Krista Kesselring) of Married Women and the Law: Coverture in England and the Common Law World (2013). Willard Sunderland is the Henry R. Winkler Professor of Modern History at the University of Cincinnati and editor of Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History. He is the author of Taming the Wild Field: Colonization and Empire on the Russian Steppe (2004), and The Baron’s Cloak: A History of the Russian Empire in War and Revolution (2014). Anna Suranyi is Professor of History at Endicott College in Beverly, Massachusetts. She received her PhD at the University of California, Los Angeles. Her publications include The Atlantic Connection: A History of the Atlantic World, 1450–1900 (2015) and The Genius of the English Nation: Early Modern Travel Literature and English National Identity (2008) and she is currently involved in a project that investigates the expe- riences of British indentured servants during the seventeenth century. Mihoko Suzuki is Professor of English and Director of the Center for the Humanities at the University of Miami. During fall 2016, she was Ruth and Clarence Kennedy Professor in Renaissance Studies at Smith College. She is the author of Metamorphoses of Helen: Authority, Difference, and the Epic (1992), and Subordinate Subjects: Gender, the Political Nation, and Literary Form, 1598–1688 (2003). She is editor, most recently, of volume 3 of Palgrave’s History of British Women’s Writing (1610–1690) (2011). She is completing a book on women’s political writing in various genres during times of civil war, from Christine de Pizan to Helen Maria Williams. Tracy Teslow is Associate Professor of History at the University of Cincinnati. Her research focuses on race and ethnicity in the United States, with a ­particular interest in the study of race in biological and