New York Photo of Maid of the Mist by Barbara A. Branca
Valuing our Resources
Water — a most precious resource. are made possible in part by specifically That’s the real pot of gold at the end of designated Environmental Bond Act the rainbow. New York’s water resources monies. Related NYSG efforts help protect span the cataracts of Niagara Falls to the submerged aquatic vegetation, tidal calm embayments of Long Island Sound. wetlands, beaches and dunes, estuarine Often maintaining our water resources embayments, riverine habitat and migra- means protecting coastal habitats. tory corridors and coastal grasslands such Protecting habitats may involve actions as dune habitats. “Historic losses of these like keeping pollution from reaching these habitats have impacted once-productive precious waterways (See “CoastWatch,” fisheries and robbed the coastal ecosys- pgs. 8-9). Restoring habitats involves tem of many of its natural functions,” says repairing ecological damage that’s already NYSG Marine District Extension Program been done to the coastal resources. Coordinator Bob Kent.
Restoration efforts underway in New York Continued on page 10 State’s marine and freshwater ecosystems Maintaining Coastal Fisheries page 4
Fisheries Research page 6 by Lane Smith
CoastWatch: Clarifying Water Quality page 8 by Paul C. Focazio
Coastal Habitat Restoration/ page 10 Water Quality
Currents Training Tomorrow’s Scientists by Barbara A. Branca page12 Annual Report by Stefanie Massucci pages14
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T ON A Late Fall ‘01 A Publication of the New York Sea Grant Institute Vol.30/No.3 N U .S . CE D R E E PA M RT OM MENT OF C From the Director New York Director New ork This issue of Coastlines ends both our 30th This issue’s Currents reviews some of Jack Mattice Associate Director Anniversary year and the presentation of NYSG’s efforts to educate the next genera- Dale Baker the Coordinated Issue Areas that we tion of scientists. These efforts, too, are Assistant Director highlighted to the review team that evalu- leveraged; by the individual universities Cornelia Schlenk ated our program for the National Sea Grant where the NYSG graduate student scholars COASTLINES Vol. 30, No. 3, Late Fall 2001 College Program (NSGCP). It’s particularly conduct research, by the federal funding Editor/Writer appropriate that restoring coastal habitat agencies that view our participation in Barbara A. Branca and water quality is paired with maintain- undergraduate research programs as a [email protected] ing coastal fisheries given the recent focus partial reason for providing funding; and by Contributing Writer Paul C. Focazio on use of essential fish habitat to manage the federal administrative and legislative [email protected] or restore fisheries. Fishing is a real offices where the Knauss Fellows work Lane Smith [email protected] contributor to New York State’s economy. for a year. Design Commercial fishing sales almost equal the L.C. Graphics value of the state’s fourth largest agricul- New York Sea Grant’s budgetary incomes Layout Sharon O’Donovan tural crop – apples. In fact, the commercial and outflows for calendar year 2000 on Production Assistants and recreational fishing and seafood page 14 show how NYSG researchers and Sharon O’Donovan industries have a combined total impact of staff have done a great job of competing for Susan Hamill $11.5 billion on New York State’s economy. outside funds from NSGCP, NOAA and other
Coastlines is a publication of the New York The stories running from pages 4-7 highlight federal and state sources over the last few Sea Grant Institute, a cooperative program how NYSG’s role in helping state resource years when the federal and state base of the State University of New York and agencies manage these important fisheries budgets have remained flat. The full budget Cornell University, engaged in research, education and outreach concerning our depends not only on integration of the impact of NYSG is almost one-half again as marine and Great Lakes resources. research, extension, education and commu- large as indicated in the graph because all of Copyright © 2001 New York Sea Grant, all rights reserved. No part of this issue may nication programs, but on social as well as the NSGCP funds require a 50 percent match. be reproduced by mechanical, photographic ecological and fisheries science. or electronic process or otherwise copied for public or private use without the written This has been a rewarding anniversary year. permission of the publisher. Water quality and habitat are frequently The retrospective of Coordinated Issue interrelated as shown by the articles on Areas has given us the platform to highlight New York Sea Grant Institute 121 Discover y Hall, Stony Brook University pages 8-11. NYSG is involved in these the integration and contributions of NYSG to Stony Brook, NY 11794-5001 issues on Long Island, and in New York coastal resource issues in New York and (631) 632-6905 Harbor, the Hudson River and the Great the nation. We look forward to an even New York Sea Grant Extension Offices: Administration Office Lakes. Our activities are leveraged by more productive and successful second 30 340 Roberts Hall working with organizations at the national years and hope that you will join us in the Cornell University Ithaca, NY 14853-5905 (USEPA, NOAA, Nature Conservancy), state quest to “Bring Science to the Shore.” (607) 255-2832 (NYS Department of Environmental Conser- Great Lakes District Office vation), and local community (NYC Soil and Have a great holiday and the best of New Years. New York Sea Grant SUNY College at Oswego Water Conservation District, municipalities Oswego, NY 13126-3599 of Hempstead and Manhasset) levels. Again, (315) 312-3042 all NYSG programs play important roles. Marine District Office New York Sea Grant Cornell University Research and Extension Center 3059 Sound Avenue Riverhead, NY 11901-1098 (631) 727-3910 Some of the New York Sea Grant staff in attendance at our annual networking meeting, held in October 2001 at the Winter Clove Inn, Round Top, NY. Photo by Lenore Witcomb
Learn more about NYSG’s Coordinated Issue Areas online: www.seagrant.sunysb.edu/NYSG@30 2 In this the third Coastlines in our 30th anniversary series, we focus on two of New York Sea Grant’s seminal issue areas: Maintaining Coastal Fisheries and Coastal Habitat Restoration/ Water Quality.
Our two previous Coastlines issues brought to light our historic research and extension efforts in the areas of Seafood Technology, Sunrise, New York Harbor, Aquatic Nuisance Species, pre-September 11, 2001 Fostering Coastal Businesses, and Photo by Don Riepe some of our New Initiatives including research on brown tide, hard clams and lobsters.
The Genessee River The lives of New Yorkers are leading out to Lake Ontario, Rochester, post- inextricably linked to the state’s September 11, 2001 water and fisheries resources, from Photo by Barbara A. Niagara Falls to the tip of Long Branca Island, from our mighty rivers to New York Harbor and our Great Lakes. Yet as we end this year in somber recognition of all New York’s incredible resources, let us understand what we value above all else — our human resources. — Barbara A. Branca
Sunset, Orient Point Lighthouse, Long Island
Photo by Barbara A. Branca
3 Coordinated Issue Area Maintaining Coastal Fisheries
Each year, New York’s seafood, commercial fishing and sport fishing the future sustainability of the fisheries among researchers, fisheries managers and fishery stake- industries generate a total of $11.5 billion worth of economic activity holder groups. Some potential causes included statewide. The figure is part of a report released this past spring by possible food web unsteadiness, non-indigenous species impacts, heavy stocking pressure, nutrient New York Sea Grant (NYSG) under the guidance of seafood specialist reduction, fish predation by cormorants (see Spring/ Ken Gall, who compiled the 100-page read along with an advisory Summer 1999 issue), and the overall complexity of managing large ecosystems. committee of representatives from industry and government. In addressing these issues, New York Sea Grant has been and continues to be a credible and objective NYSG provided funding to economists at TechLaw, Inc. of information source between fisheries resource users Bethesda, MD who formulated the report’s estimates of economic and the research and management communities. NYSG played a role in the development and expansion activity for these New York industries. “Prior to this study, no one of the Lake Ontario fishery by educating anglers on had assessed the economic contribution of all three of these various techniques in locating, catching and identifying target sport species and practicing catch and release sectors to the state’s economy, ” says NYSG Director Jack Mattice. and by fostering growth of charter boat organizations and county fishery advisory groups. These efforts have created a sense of empowerment within the In addition to analyzing the economic impacts of these sport fishing industry. industries, NYSG maintains coastal fisheries throughout the state. In New York’s Great Lakes Working closely with researchers at Cornell and SUNY Promoting NY’s region, which includes Lakes Ontario and Erie, their College of Environmental Science and Forestry (CESF) Saltwater Sport tributaries, and the St. Lawrence and Niagara Rivers, in Syracuse, NYSG continues to address New York’s Fishing the bulk of NYSG’s fisheries-related upstate extension Great Lakes invasive species issues and monitor and research activities has been targeted on Lake impacts of the lakes’ sport fisheries on the region and Last year marked the 50th Ontario. This smaller, but more economically impor- its coastal businesses. In the last decade, research anniversary since the signing of tant lake has been a focal point because it accounts studies have focused on angler effort and expendi- the Sport Fish Restoration Act, for most of the state’s Great Lakes shoreline. Related tures, angler markets, New York’s Great Lakes charter a major U.S. landmark in natural programming downstate in fisheries biology, management, boat industry, the effects of fish contaminant issues resources restoration and conservation, restoration and aquaculture focuses conservation. Several fishing on fishing activity, and angler satisfaction (see organizations joined efforts to primarily on Long Island’s marine waters (see sidebar). research on cited pages 5-7, and 15). In addition, promote the sport and NYSG monitors changes in fishing license sales and encouraged people to “step Efforts in both regions target a variety of primary motorboat registration data. Fact sheets and service outside and enjoy fishing” as audiences - anglers, bait and tackle dealers, organized letters are produced for all applied research results part of the year-long celebration. fishing groups, charter and New York Sea Grant took steps and distributed throughout the region to coastal to participate in this national party boat operators, business businesses, chambers of commerce, tourism initiative at the local level owners, coastal communi- promotion agencies, and fisheries managers. through its extension program, a ties, and elected officials. partnership with Cornell In New York’s marine University. Throughout the 1990s, New York Sea Grant has district, these endeavors prominently and consistently provided timely and Marine Fisheries Specialist are documented in the comprehensible information to sport fishing stake- Antoinette Clemetson, along regularly published Sport holder groups. “The successes of this program are with NYSG’s Office of Communi- Fishing Industry News. And for directly attributable to extension and research working cations, completed an online 25 years, the Sea Grant quarterly publication New in unison,” says NYSG Fisheries Specialist Dave Mac “Fishery Resource Center” to York’s Great Lakes Angler has summarized the latest provide marine-related fishing Neill. “Our activities over the years have integrated information. “Our goal was to upstate technical fisheries information in an under- extension outreach with sponsored research to enhance the initial fishing standable format. successfully break down information barriers and have experience of beginners and fostered closer working relationships between less experienced anglers in Currently, anglers from all over the world come to fish resource managers and public stakeholders.” order to generate an interest in for trophy sized trout and salmon, smallmouth bass the sport that will eventually develop into a long-term and panfish in the economically viable waters of Lake For example, MacNeill, who is currently on temporary commitment,” says Clemetson. Ontario and its numerous tributaries and streams. But leave to complete his doctorate, commissioned Continued on Page 5 early in the 1990s, there was escalating concern for renowned artist Peter Thompson to render full-color 4 artwork that accurately identifies all Lake Ontario On the pathology (disease)-related end of the fisheries watershed trout and salmon for educational posters spectrum, Cornell’s Paul Bowser led a study on the and brochures. Currently available fish drawings — Cayuga Syndrome, a lethal deficiency of thiamine Continued from Page 4 either generalized blackline drawings or inaccurate, (vitamin B ) affecting larval landlocked Atlantic salmon 1 During production of the low-resolution color — cause misidentification. Mac in several of New York’s Finger Lakes. The syndrome online Center, a great deal Neill says this new anatomically accurate and detailed has been linked to a maternal diet of non-native of input was received from set will help anglers better target species. alewife that has high concentrations of thiaminase, several stakeholder groups, including experi- the enzyme responsible for B1’s breakdown. Results On the research side, NYSG developed a two-year have shown that earlier treatment at the egg harden- enced anglers and bait and tackle suppliers, who $600,000 “special focus” fisheries research project ing stage might provide a greater likelihood of avoiding Clemetson says deserve in early 2000 to better understand the complex long-term effects of the deficiency. many thanks for gener- dynamics of the Lake Ontario ecosystem and its ously offering their time fisheries. Headed by Cornell researcher Patrick Also at Cornell, Paul Bowser and James Casey and expertise on the Sullivan, this study is improving the understanding of continue a study through early next year on the little- project. The end result: a Web site featuring factors affecting early survival and management of known swim bladder sarcoma virus - a possible skin information on the biology, salmon in Lake Ontario (see Summer 2000 issue). lesion-causing disease recently identified in the U.S. life history, distribution, This enhanced knowledge of the Great Lakes food web affecting Atlantic salmon. “Our intent is to determine management and regula- has aided the NYSDEC in its management of Great if monitoring for presence of the disease must take tion for species that are Lakes fisheries. One finding so far is that stocking into account the time of year during which fish are targeted by the region’s avid sport fishers- levels of salmon was too great to be supported by the tested,” says Bowser. bluefish, porgy/scup, forage fish population, advancing the State’s ability to striped bass, summer and manage for a sustainable salmon population. Fisheries management and population dynamics winter flounder, blackfish/ issues continue to be addressed in both New York’s tautog, and weakfish. A number of NYSG-funded angler surveys were done in Great Lakes and marine waters. At Cornell, Lars Angling tips, rigging, knot tying, hook selection, the last decade, three administered under Cornell’s Rudstam’s examination of Lake Ontario mysid angling etiquette and Tommy Brown, Barbara Knuth and Nancy Connelly population dynamics helped refine acoustic tech- releasing techniques and two by CESF’s Chad Dawson. Overall, the surveys niques to estimate abun- provide users hints for inquired licensed Lake Ontario anglers and charter dances of aquatic organisms. improving their fishing operators on fishing efforts, satisfaction (theirs and Results also determined that skills. customers), and fish consumption. Studies also mysids are the dominant Says Clemetson of the helped to better identify anglers in New York’s varying plankton eaters in offshore deep- Center’s electronic format, geographic regions and suggested where to direct water habitats, while fish are “This medium not only future fishery-related marketing and administrative dominant in shallow nearshore affords us the advantage of efforts by analyzing market segmentation factors such habitats, and that mysids providing regular content updates, but also has the as angler preferences, fishing experience, geographic compete with larval salmonids for potential to reach a wider origin, motivations, and product-related interests. zooplankton, one of the basic audience than by other more foods for larger aquatic animals. convention methods. We How have invasive species in the Great Lakes welcome comments and impacted New York’s fisheries? In addition to Stony Brook University’s (SBU) suggestions to assist us in improving the contents.” overseeing several fish ecology studies in the 1990s, Dave Conover wrapped up two Downloads of Sport Fishing CESF’s Donald Stewart assessed the impact of the related projects in 2000, the Industry News are also zebra mussel on lake dynamics in Oneida Lake. first focusing on bluefish available. Although results showed the zebra mussels helped to recruitment dynamics and the increase water clarity through filtration and declines in second on the role of marine reserves in fisheries NYSG’s Fishery Resource Center: algae were found, primary productivity in the lake’s management. Findings in the latter study addressed
5 In a NYSG-funded study, researchers Dr. Charles C. Krueger, Dr. Bernie May and J. Ellen Marsden of Cornell University examined the parental strain of lake trout eggs and fry collected in Lake Ontario in 1990. To see if different strains spawn at different times, they compared differences in strain composition of early and late spawned lake trout eggs. The team also compared the strain composi- tion of naturally spawned eggs collected in the fall and wild caught fry collected in the spring to see if Enhancing Trout certain strains survive winter better (spawning occurs in the fall and fry hatch out in the spring). Sport Fishing Lastly, the scientists compared the strain composi- Enhancing Trout Fishing tion of wild caught eggs and fry with Lake Ontario hatchery strains of lake trout. This would reveal Diver holding a lake trout caught on its spawning grounds. which of the hatchery strains are most successful Photo by J. Ellen Marsden in the wild. The lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) was once Coastlines the top-level predator throughout most of the Great Genetic comparisons showed that the Seneca asked project Lakes and was an important species for the sport strain was the most successful overall. Both eggs and commercial fishery. By 1960, populations of and fry collected in Lake Ontario were dominated assistant Lane lake trout had collapsed due to predation by the by the Seneca strain. The scientists also found Smith to focus sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), overfishing, that while the hatchery fish released into the lake on two NYSG and habitat loss. Beginning in the early 1970s were comprised of several strains, wild caught fry efforts were underway to restore lake trout were dominated by the Seneca strain. The team fisheries populations. These concluded that the Seneca strain produced the research efforts involved a most eggs and fry in Lake Ontario. projects that lamprey control program, stocking, and fishing These results had clear management implications have had long- regulation changes. The for the rehabilitation of lake trout in Lake Ontario. term impact goal was to re-establish After learning that wild caught fry were dominated for nearly a a self-sustaining by the Seneca strain, New York State DEC population of lake trout weighted their stocking towards the Seneca strain. decade. that would produce a Out of 0.5 million lake trout stocked annually, 67% surplus for harvest. are Seneca strain, up from 20% before the project. Assessment programs by the state now detect Although stocking has maintained adult populations small numbers of yearling trout in the lake. It in Lake Ontario since 1973, no natural recruitment appears that natural recruitment of lake trout into of lake trout was detected until 1994. The first the next generation is now occurring at a small evidence of natural reproduction by stocked fish scale in Lake Ontario. The goal of achieving a self- Perkins, D.L., Fitzsimons, J.D., was found in 1986, when wild fry were captured, reproducing population of lake trout in Lake Ontario Marsden, J.E., Krueger, C.C., but no yearling fish were detected until 1994. Since is closer due to this research. The future looks and May, B. 1995. Differences 1994 naturally produced lake trout older than fry hopeful for this once dominant native of the Lake in reproduction among hatchery (one year and up) have been detected in assess- Ontario ecosystem. strains of lake trout at eight ment programs by the state (i.e., natural recruit- spawning areas in Lake Ontario: genetic evidence from mixed- ment was occurring). This was due to a change in stock analysis. Journal of Great stocking practice that focused on a particular strain Lakes Research 21: 364-374. of lake trout. Prior to 1991 the Lake Ontario stocking program released several genetic lake Marsden, J.E., Krueger, C.C., trout strains into Lake Ontario (the original Lake and Grewe, P.M. 1993. Genetic Ontario native strain is extinct). The idea was that comparison of naturally one or more of the strains might be best suited to spawned and artificially conditions in the lake. Through natural selection, propagated Lake Ontario lake the best suited strain or strains would survive and trout fry: evaluation of a recruit into the fishery. The question was which stocking strategy for species strain or strains survived the best and reproduced rehabilitation. North American Journal of Fisheries Manage- the most? By answering that question, the stocking ment 13: 304-317. program could use the best strain or strains for rehabilitating the lake trout population. Diver collecting lake trout eggs. Photo by J. Ellen Marsden 6 Knowing When to Eat Your Catch
According to NYSG’s recent study, ment of Health (NYSDOH) that was funded sportfishing reels $3.6 billion into the by the Environmental Protection Agency economy of New York State. However, in (EPA) in 1999. The project hired and trained some locations, anglers who consume the “health rangers” who worked in New York fish they catch can be exposed to chemical Harbor and the Hudson River to get the Is sport fishing for walleye or contaminants. Several management word out about the health advisories. The striped bass one of your strategies like closing fisheries, banning rangers posted public fishing sites, devel- passions? Keep on top of the take of certain species or issuing fish oped a brochure for anglers, spoke to latest advisories about eating sport fish caught in New York consumption health advisories have been community groups, and developed public waters from Lake Erie to used to try to help reduce public health risk. service announcements (PSA) for local Montauk. Just log onto our radio and television broadcast both in Seafood pages
Knuth’s study showed that awareness of — Articles by Lane Smith, Project Assistant the health advisory by licensed New York anglers was high (85%). This was an increase from the previous statewide Connelly, N.A., B.A. Knuth, and C.A. Bisogni. 1992. Effects of the health survey (80%). However certain groups of advisory and advisory changes on fishing habits and fish consumption in anglers were less aware or unaware of the New York sport fisheries. Human Dimensions Research Unit, Depart- ment of Natural Resources, Cornell University. Series No. 92-9: 120 pp. health advisories. These groups included people with low income, as well as women Connelly, N.A., and D. Kuehn. 1994. Lake Ontario fishing and fish and minorities. consumption. New York Sea Grant Fact Sheet: November.
State health officials used this information Knuth, B.A. 1990. Risk communication: A new dimension in sport- to develop ways to target these groups fisheries management. North American Journal of Fisheries Manage- with information about the health advisory. ment 10: 374-381. One important effort involved a cooperative project between the New York State Knuth, B.A., and N.A. Connelly. 1992. Is New York’s health advisory on Department of Environmental Conservation fish consumption making a difference? Coastlines 22(4): 4-5. (NYSDEC) and the New York State Depart- 7 According to New York Sea Grant publications, nonpoint source pollution, or contaminated runoff, affects just about everyone living in a watershed. Examples of runoff that may come from local land-use decisions include: • Soil erosion from construction sites • Fertilizer and pesticide Coast runoff from improper lawn and landscape care • Bacteria and viruses from the improper disposal of pet waste • Materials washing off roads and other paved surfaces
Photo of a Manhasset Bay locale by Rafael Bellber Clarifying Water Quality
“Reaching the millions of people living in New York’s marine district with information about nonpoint source pollution and motivating them to change their behaviors“ is a daunting task. In some cases, we know the sources and input levels and need to focus on educating the public to recognize the problems or participate in their solutions. —Bob Kent, NYSG’s Marine District Extension Program Coordinator
Over the past ten years, New York Sea Grant’s extension program in newspapers, radio and television, NYSG gets the word out has educated a variety of audiences on ways to control nonpoint on improving water quality to community groups, busi- source pollution (NPS), which occurs when rainfall, snowmelt, or nesses, educators, and local government officials. irrigation flows over land or through the ground, picks up pollutants, and delivers them into rivers, lakes, coastal waters or ground water. In addition to addressing water quality and sustainable Through fact sheets and posters, workshops and announcements coastal development issues in three National Estuary Programs (NY/NJ Harbor Estuary, Long Island Sound, and Peconic Estuary), NYSG also supports related research and education efforts in the Hudson Estuary and through Long Eileen Keenan (top photo, Island’s South Shore Estuary Program. In May 2000, NYSG left), NYSG’s water quality received a NYS Department of Environmental Conservation specialist, at a September 2001 follow-up workshop on (NYSDEC) grant to begin a Nonpoint Education for Municipal EPA Phase II Stormwater Officials (NEMO) program on Long Island. Now a national Regulations with North network of approximately 20 programs, NEMO began in Hempstead Councilwoman Doreen Banks at Roslyn’s 1991 as a pilot project of Connecticut Sea Grant and the Bryant Library. The locale University of Connecticut Cooperative Extension that used (bottom photo) was also the geographic information systems, remote sensing, and the setting for two inaugural nonpoint source education Internet to educate municipal officials about the correlation workshops held in February between land use and coastal resource degradation. 2001. During each workshop, Keenan provided municipal officials with an So why does NEMO primarily target planning and zoning effective, integrated board officials? “These local officials make important land- approach to meeting land-use use decisions every day that determine the social, economic needs while protecting fisheries, beaches, and and environmental health of their communities,” says Eileen coastal habitats. Keenan, NYSG’s water quality specialist. “People serving on these boards are volunteers and few have training in marine Photos courtesy of Eileen Keenan and Barbara Branca sciences or water quality issues. Also, reaching planning and zoning board officials is considered a priority need by the 8 Watch setting targets for the program. Environmental Protection Agency, DEC, and others involved in Outreach coordi- water quality issues.” The event, as well as the series nator Laura of meetings leading up to it, Bartovics (above) was based on “Success and welcomes In the wake of the EPA’s 2000 Phase II mandate requiring the attendees to development of municipal stormwater management plans, Challenges: Highlights of Program Accomplishments and “Making the Vision a New York Sea Grant held two NEMO educational workshops Challenges for the Future,” a report published by HEP’s Citzens Reality,” a June 2001 Advisory Committee and Science and Technical Advisory conference of the NY/NJ for local decision makers in Long Island’s north shore Harbor Estuary Program watersheds of Hempstead Harbor and Manhasset Bay. Since Committee that was widely distributed among the Program (HEP) held at the World then, Keenan has conducted another half-dozen water quality constituents. Trade Center. NY Governor George Pataki, workshops in other Long Island locales, such as Riverhead, who considers the estuary to support municipal officials in their evaluation of local “This was the next logical step in what we hope will be a as both an ecological vital policies, proposals and regulations. “It is my hope that the collaborative effort to make the vision of the Program’s and economically viable Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan a reality resource, cites the workshops will continue to help Long Island’s coastal villages restoration of tidal wetlands enhance their vitality and aesthetic character while, at the for the Harbor Estuary,” says Flatow. In 1996, the Harbor such as those at Healy same time, preserving the rich natural resources that are so Estuary’s CCMP was completed and, a year later, it was signed Avenue on Jamaica Bay as by the Governors of New York and New Jersey as well as EPA’s one of the current successes important to them,” she says. the HEP should build on. Regional Administrator Jeanne Fox. The CCMP focuses on Water quality education is a challenge New York Sea Grant protecting, restoring, and enhancing habitat and forming Photos courtesy of Don public/private relationships in the region and coordinating with Riepe (Jamaica Bay) and has faced in New York’s metropolitan area as well. Last fall, Barbara Branca Sea Grant made its move into Manhattan, now one of 10 other geographic plans to protect and restore the environment. offices statewide. Laura Bartovics was named the outreach The plan also emphasizes the need to develop management specialist for the New York-New Jersey Harbor Estuary strategies to, among other things, prevent pollution, reduce Program. The estuary is a large dynamic and interactive contaminants at the source, and integrate plans across land, Want more information on land ecosystem encompassing the waters of New York Harbor and water and air. use impacts and non-point the tidally influenced portions of all rivers and streams that source pollution? empty into it. New York Governor George Pataki’s statement reconfirmed his Check out NYSG’s NEMO site: commitment to the program since taking part in the CCMP’s www.seagrant.sunysb.edu/nemo After obtaining input from NY and NJ community stakeholders 1997 approval, citing the conference as “a sign of the spirit of during a dozen “Help the Harbor” public meetings held earlier cooperation.” Pataki commended “the contributions made by this year, the next step was to host “Making the Vision a the citizens, scientists and representatives of the many public agencies,” recognizing that “thanks to those efforts, Reality,” a June 2001 conference on priorities for implement- The EPA, the Harbor ing the NY/NJ Harbor Estuary Program. “Our intent was to improvements in water quality and aquatic habitat that enhance Estuary Program’s Citizens use the conference and the series of public meetings leading the resource in this highly populated and economically Advisory Committee and up to it to ensure that the program’s future directions important area have taken place.” Science and Technical consider the voices of the public and the scientific commu- Advisory Committee, and In a statement read at the conference, then NJ Governor and the NY/NJ Port Authority nity,” says Bartovics. EPA’s Robert Nyman, Director of the made “Making the Vision a Harbor Estuary Program (HEP), adds, “Informing the public current EPA head Christie Todd Whitman said the Harbor Reality” possible. New about the complex problems that the Harbor faces and what Estuary Program “has made great strides in implementing the York Sea Grant, which can be done to address them is a challenging task. plan. I congratulate [the HEP] on the work it has done . . . and supports these endeavors Encouraging public participation is a key element in the encourage its continued efforts. The Harbor is an extraordinary through its HEP outreach vibrant ecosystem, supporting the many diverse uses coordinator, would like to restoration of the Harbor and Sea Grant has made this a express its condolences to reality by bringing the expertise they have demonstrated in demanded by a densely populated metropolitan area.” the families and friends of other programs to the Harbor Estuary Program.” the victims of the tragedy As a result of the conference, possible future directions include our nation suffered on Planned by Eugenia Flatow from NYC Soil and Water port development and further environmental restoration September 11, 2001, efforts, a stronger focus on air, water, and hazardous waste including those lost by the Conservation District and the Hudson River Foundation’s Port Authority. Dennis Suszkowski, the “solution-oriented” conference, as programs, a high priority on enhanced interaction between Flatow called it, provided a forum for perspectives from the involved organizations and agencies, and a renewed belief that scientific community, environmental and civic sector, and public outreach for HEP will lead to increased support. government agencies and a discussion of how to begin —Paul C. Focazio 9 Continued from page 1 Coordinated Issue Area Coastal Habitat Restoration/ Water Quality
The Long Island Sound Study, for which public outreach is provided through NYSG specialist Kimberly Zimmer, has as two of its goals to “Restore the ecological function of degraded and lost habitats,” and to “Restore at least 2,000 acres and 100 river miles of natural habitats over the next 10 years.” New York Sea Grant, along with organizations such as the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), US Fish and Wildlife Service, NYS Department of Environmental Conservation, and the NYS Department of State, has pledged to play a leading role in the effort to restore and protect the habitats of Long Island Sound.
LISS encourages hands-on citizen participation In New York’s marine waters, it is difficult to find a habitat that has not by providing local groups with small grants been impaired in some way by human activity. Many of the region’s coasts program funding. Under this now $278,000+ are estuaries, – places where fresh and salt water mix (see map). Portions NYSG-administered program, over 72 projects of estuaries may be bays, harbors, sounds, or lagoons — all fertile junctions have been funded and completed since 1995. of sea and stream that are among the most productive areas on earth. “A substantial increase in funding for the past Estuary programs for the NY-NJ Harbor Estuary, Long Island Sound, Long several years has led to a significant increase in Island’s Peconic and South Shore Estuaries, and the Hudson Estuary have the number of people getting involved and the placed a priority on balancing the protection and restoration of coastal quality of projects planned for Long Island habitats with economic development. And New York Sea Grant continues to Sound,” says Zimmer. be an active participant in related regional research and educational efforts. For example, NYSG staff served on the Peconic Estuary Program’s habitat Recent rounds of LISS small grants projects restoration working group to gather citizen input and develop a related have included curriculum development and comprehensive plan. teacher training workshops, production of a series of posters on controlling nonpoint source pollution, a Sound-wide beach clean up, and summer programs for children from low-income families. The program also continues to address issues such as habitat restoration, water quality monitoring, toxins, hypoxia (the depletion of dissolved oxygen), and pathogens.
While boating on the Hudson In the summer of 2001, Sea Grant programs in River during the summer New York and Connecticut partnered with the months, have you noticed EPA to make more than $400,000 available to dense beds of underwater plants in shallow waters? support the nearly three-quarters of a million Cornell University dollars already earmarked for Sound research researcher Eugenia Barnaba studies. The grant program, now in its second reveals some near Castleton. round, will improve the understanding of Sound Why are these plant beds so pollution problems and related ecosystem valuable? Read on. impacts of eutrophication, the process by which Photo courtesy of the water’s enrichment of dissolved nutrients Nordica Holochuck stimulates growth of aquatic plant life and can result in hypoxia. 10 Ecosystem Studies, Cornell University, and the You Can “Given the importance of Long Island Sound, Hudson River National Estuarine Research Restore Habitat collecting scientific data which can be used to Reserve addressed the concern that SAV beds make future decisions regarding the health and are being lost in many estuaries throughout the Want more information on cleanup of the Sound is important,” says NYSG northeast, including the Hudson River. These habitat restoration-friendly Director Jack Mattice. “The fact that we can underwater plant beds provide critical habitat for grasses for planting? NYSG has made available fact partner to do this is a plus.” a variety of finfish and shellfish, and feeding sheets on Native Grasses, habitat for many species of waterfowl. Good Smooth Cord Grass, and Restoring coastal ecosystems, such as those of information on SAV abundance, distribution, and American Beach Grass. Long Island Sound and the Hudson River, is a ecological functions will make improved under- These types of relatively relatively new science, one in which research is standing and managing of the resource pos- simple habitat restoration projects were identified for needed to guide communities toward their sible. More information on this topic is available citizen participation thanks restoration goals. According to the National in NYSG’s brochure What Boaters Should Know to NYSG, Cornell Coopera- Research Council, “A new emphasis on re- About Hudson River Underwater Plant Beds. tive Extension’s marine source stewardship and restoration cannot program, and the USDA’s succeed without public understanding and In a separate study, NYSG-funded researchers Natural Resources Conser- vation Service. support. Thus, educational programs aimed at at Cornell University collaborated with two Sea raising the level of public knowledge and Grant specialists to analyze public and commu- comprehension of aquatic ecosystem restora- nity leader perceptions of and support for tion rationales, goals, and methods should coastal ecosystem restoration. The study receive adequate government funding.” demonstrated that community leaders and state agency staff could not accurately predict views The Hudson River, an estuary below the Troy of local residents. Findings showed the impor- Dam where fresh water and salt water from the tance of economic development and access ocean mix, is another rich ecological environ- issues to local residents were overestimated, ment providing food and shelter to diverse while concerns were more related to contami- plants and animals. A spawning ground for nants in the environment. Actions local resi- major species of Atlantic coast fish and the dents felt should be taken included: reducing flyway for many migratory birds, the Hudson danger to humans from chemical contaminants River is also home to dense beds of shallow in the river, cleaning up contaminated urban water plants. Called submerged aquatic waterfront sites called brownfields and monitor- vegetation (SAV), these beds are located ing levels of the river’s contaminated fish. NYSG throughout the river but are mostly abundant in extension staff is working with the researchers the mid reaches, especially between Catskill to develop fact sheets to summarize study and Kingston, the latter of which is the location findings for distribution to agency staff, environ- of NYSG’s Hudson Valley Specialist Nordica mental groups and the public. Holochuck.
One related project involving Sea Grant re- searchers conducted by the Institute for —Paul C. Focazio
This past summer, NYSG Dune and Habitat Education Specialist Molly Thompson coordinated a dune stewards program along Lake Ontario’s eastern shore with the help of The Nature Conservancy and the NYS Department of Conservation. One of four interns working along a 17-mile stretch of shoreline, SUNY at Cobleskill undergrad Barry Mahar, (above right) educates a visitor at the Southwick Beach/Lakeview Wildlife Management Area. SUNY Oswego undergrad Garr Owens stands on a new walkover at Black Pond Wildlife Management area looking for shorebirds. The program’s success has allowed for its return next summer under Thompson’s supervision.
Photos courtesy of Molly Thompson
11 Training Tomorrow’s Scientists
Educating the next generation of scientists quickly due to a shortened breeding season. is part of New York Sea Grant’s mission. This has had certain tradeoffs in evolution— And what could better exemplify such a namely that the fish actually develop poorer mission as the support given to both swimming abilities and thus are more prone to undergraduate and graduate students predation. Whether or not this is trend is actively in participating in scholarship and fellowship effect in Great South Bay estuaries is currently under programs that focus on coastal research study by Conover and Arnott. and policy. On the rugged coastline of Maine, NYSG has been funding summer research experiences for qualified Cornell under- graduates for the last three years. According to course leader Dr. Bruce Monger, senior researcher at Cornell’s Center for the Environment, only top students are selected for courses at The Shoals Marine Laboratory which is jointly operated by Cornell University and the University of New Hampshire. All the course Matt Ajemian (far right) enlists the help of other Summer REU instructors are NASA Earth students at Stony Brook’s Marine Sciences Research Center as they use a 100-foot seine net to catch Atlantic silversides in Great South Bay. Science Enterprise Science Photo courtesy of Megan Dantzler Team Members who conduct active research in their respective fields at Undergraduate Matt Ajemian, sponsored by New prestigious institutions. York Sea Grant, sampled the waters of Long Island’s south shore on some of the summer’s In the summer of 1999, Benjamin Carr analyzed good “beach days” along with other student one year’s worth of SeaWiFS ocean color data participants in the Research Experience for to study the seasonal phytoplankton dynamics Undergraduates (REU) hosted by Stony Brook in various North Atlantic regions —the Grand University’s Marine Sciences Research Center Banks, Georges Bank, the North Sea and the and directed by Dr. Josephine Aller. Matt, a open-ocean North Atlantic. Ben developed a junior at Boston College and Long Island native, method to establish the precise starting time of looked at the feeding behavior of juvenile the spring bloom and created movie loops to Atlantic silversides (Menidia menidia) during the demonstrate the dynamic nature of the spring eight-week program and often enlisted the help bloom event in the different regions. of the other REU students in the program. Those eight students (sponsored by the National Science Foundation) studied other aspects of the Great South Bay, ranging from its physical factors (groundwater discharge and salt penetra- tion), its geological history (salinity variations over time), and its living resources (microbial communities, shellfish and finfish).
Matt’s project stemmed from a current NSF funded project being done by his mentor, Dr. David Conover, who is looking at the predator-prey relationship between the predatory bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) and young silversides. Conover and Dr. Steven Arnott study how latitude of the fish affects the species’ To study feeding behavior in these small, but ability to escape predation. They have found important fish, the students took nine samples within that in colder climates, fish must develop more a 24-hr period. Photo courtesy of Megan Dantzler 12 With the title “Roles of Coastal Habitats in the Life Histories of Lake Ontario Fishes,” Sea Grant Scholar Darran L. Crabtree received a NYSG Thesis Completion Award during the fall of 2001. Darran, under advisement from SUNY- CESF’s Dr. Neil Ringler was featured in the NYSG has supported a Cornell undergrad for Winter ’99 Coastlines article “CoastWatch: A the last three summers at the Shoals Marine Laboratory. Fisheye View on Lake Ontario.”
Phillip Roseman did his summer of 2000 Another successful Sea Grant Scholar who student project on the seasonal changes in started in research and has spent a year in the chlorophyll concentration in the Great Lakes policy area is Katherine Mills. Her year as a using SeaWiFS ocean color satellite imagery. NYSG’s sponsored Knauss Fellow soon draws He clearly demonstrated significant intra-lake to a close. Since early 2001, Kathy has worked difference in the seasonal pattern of change in with the US Senate Commerce Committee’s chlorophyll concentration. Phil offered a good Subcommittee on Oceans, Atmosphere, and hypothesis that may have explained these Fisheries and handled marine habitat issues differences in terms of the relative flushing time such as marine protected areas. Sea Grant’s of each lake system. Knauss Fellowship program provides practical, “hands-on” policy-making training on marine and And in this past summer of 2001, Cornell Great Lakes resources to graduate students undergraduate Eli Perrone analyzed satellite who are hosted by the legislative or executive imagery of ocean wind speed, sea-surface branches of the federal government in the temperature and chlorophyll concentration Washington, DC area. Says Kathy, the experi- derived, respectively, from QuickScat, AVHRR ence “links academic training to real-world and SeaWiFS sensors. He wanted to gain an marine management issues and provides an understanding of the physical mechanism opportunity to work in collaboration with responsible for localized regions in the North managers to address them.” Atlantic that experience unusual early spring phytoplankton blooms that occur before usual This Duke University grad is working on her thermal stratification. He proposed that thesis on fish community structure in tidal unusually low wind speeds might allow phy- wetlands under Cornell’s Dr. Mark Bain. Kathy’s toplankton to remain high in the water column master’s research, was done as a Sea Grant before it is stratified. Eli and advisor Monger are Hudson River National Estuaries Research continuing this research as part of Eli’s Reserve/ Sea Grant Fellow in 1998. senior thesis. New York Sea Grant’s 2002 Knauss Fellow A little closer to home at SUNY Brockport, Laura Oremland will work for the National Betsy Damaske, a Sea Grant Scholar working Marine Fisheries Service. She recently with Dr. Joseph Makarewicz, a NYSG-funded completed her MS and was a Sea Grant researcher of longstanding in the area of Scholar under Stony Brook University’s aquatic nuisance species, won the Best Student Dr. Dianna Padilla on a NYSG-funded Presentation in the Limnology and Ecology project to study zebra mussel population section of the Great Lakes Research Consor- dynamics in the Hudson River. tium annual meeting in March 2001 held in Syracuse at SUNY CESF. After graduating with a —Barbara A. Branca degree in biology from Nazareth College of Rochester, Betsy first worked as a metals analyst at an environmental laboratory in Rochester. She decided to get a master’s degree to become an environmental consultant. Her masters thesis on evaluating trophic interactions and changes in Lake Ontario biota due to the invasive fishhook water flea, Cercopagis pengoi is being readied for publication.
Says Sea Grant Scholar Betsy Damaske, “I have thoroughly enjoyed my time spent at SUNY Brockport working in the lab and on the research vessel.” 13 New York Sea Grant Institute Funding 2000 Distribution of Funding (State, Federal, and Other Funds Allocated in Calendar Year 2000) Among Program Elements Program Administration $528,943 Communications $234,475 4.4% 2.9% Extension $1,774,015 Research and Scholars 9.8% Economic Leadership $922,104 Coastal Ecosystem Health and Public Safety $650,426 Initiatives and National Investments 49.9% Aquatic Nuisance Species/Ballast Water Investment $301,308 Brown Tide Research Initiative (BTRI) $478,807 Hard Clam Research Initiative $325,119 Percent of Above Research Funds Allocated to Scholars 13.7% Total Research and Scholars $2,677,764 Additional Activities Fellowships $61,100 33% Regional Activities $25,956 BTRI Administration and Outreach $39,340 Hard Clam Research Initiative Administration $10,272 South Shore Estuary Reserve Technical Advisory Committee $18,816 Other Conferences/Workshops/Special Projects $32,390 Research (Includes Scholars) Total Additional Activities $155,484 Extension Program Administration Total Funds Allocated $5,370,681 Communications Unallocated and Pending Committed* Funds Carried Over $1,227,484 Additional Activities Additional Non-Federal Cost-Sharing or In-Kind Support $1,625,737 (not already included as direct support in table above)
*Includes funds committed to continuation of specific projects/activities, and projects slated to begin in 2001
New York Sea Grant Funding Funding Sources (Since Inception) (2000) $6
$5 9%
$4
(in millions) 47% $3
$2 44%
All Funding Received $1
Additional Federal and State Funds $0 ------
Core State Appropriation
9 7 5 4 9 7 6 4 0 5 0 6 5 8 2 1 1 0 3 4 2 3 7 3 9 2 8 8 0 8 8 7 8 7 7 9 9 9 8 8 8
9 Core Federal Award 8 9 8 9 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9 7 9 7 0 ------9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 4 6 9 2 3 1 1989 -- 1 1987 -- 1 1984 -- 1 1979 -- 1 1994 -- 1 1996 -- 1 1990 -- 1 1985 -- 1 1980 -- 1 1986 -- 1 1995 -- 1 1988 -- 1 1992 -- 1 1981 -- 1 1991 -- 1 1982 -- 1 1983 -- 1 1997 -- 1 1993 -- 1 1999 -- 1 1998 -- 1 1978 -- 1 2000 -- 2 7 7 6 7 7 7 9 9 9 9 9 9 Note: "Other" includes additional state, 1974-75 -- 1 1976-77 -- 1 1969-70 -- 1 1972-73 -- 1 1973-74 -- 1 1971-72 -- 1 federal, Cornell, SUNY and private funds Years of Support received by NYSG program.
–Stefanie Massucci Fiscal Officer
14 New York Sea Grant Board of Governors Dr. Kraig Adler Vice Chair of Board of Governors; Vice Provost for Life Sciences Cornell University Ordering Publications New York Sea Grant Publications Mr. R. Wayne Diesel Please send requests for the Vice Chancellor for Business Boating in NY is good clean fun Let’s keep it that way! Rack and Industry Relations, SUNY following publications along Card. New York Sea Grant, NYSDEC, and Sport Fish Restoration. with a self-addressed label 2001. Free Dr. D. Merrill Ewert Director, Cornell and check payable to: Fish Profile(s): Antoinette Cooperative Extension New York Sea Grant Institute Clemetson. 2001. Free NEW Cornell University Communications • Bluefish • Scup • Striped Bass Dr. Marvin Geller 121 Discovery Hall • Summer Flounder • Tautog Chair of Board Stony Brook University • Weakfish • Winter Flounder of Governors; Dean and Director, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5001 Fisheries Management Planning Marine Sciences (631) 632-9124 Resources: A Guide to the Agencies Research Center Stony Brook University & Organizations Involved in the Is the cold keeping you Process: An Annotated Directory. Antoinette Clemetson. 2001. Dr. Susan A. Henry away from the water? Free Dean of College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Be one of the over 14,500 30 Species to Watch in 2001. Ilustrated bookmark. New York Cornell University Sea Grant. 2001. Available in sets of 30. $3.00 who warm up with Sea Grant Dr. James Lassoie online each month through Water-Wise Guide for Home Gardeners. Nordica Holochuck. Chair, Department of NEW the winter. Log on to 2001. Free Natural Resources www.nyseagrant.org for the Cornell University Sport Fishing Industry News Newsletter. Antoinette Clemetson, latest on these questions. Dr. Walter Lynn Editor. Spring/Summer 2001. Free NEW Director, Center • Are brown tide blooms to Journal Reprints for Environment Cornell University blame for declines in hard Ferguson, P. Lee, Charles R. Iden, Anne E. McElroy and Bruce clam populations in Long Dr. Jack Y. Narayan Brownawell. 2001. Determination of steroid estrogens in Island’s south shore waters? Dean of Graduate wastewater by immunoaffinity extraction coupled with HPLC- Studies & Research, • Why did a NY lawmaker Electrospray-MS. Analytical Chemistry 73(16):3890-3895. $1.00 SUNY College at Oswego call for Sea Grant studies Hoffman, Adam D. and Martin Wiedmann. 2001. Comparative Dr. H. Lorraine Oak on botulism - a bacteria NEW evaluation of culture- and BAX polymerase chain reaction-based Associate Dean affecting the Lake Erie detection methods for Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes SUNY at Buffalo ecosystem, especially its in environmental and raw fish samples. Journal of Food Protection Mr. Francis Pordum fish and birds? 64(10):1521-1526. $1.00 Derby, NY • What caused the winter Dr. William Tully Makarewicz, J., I.A. Grigorovich, E. Mills, and E. Damaske. NEW ’99/’00 die-off of Long Vice President for 2001. Distribution, fecundity, and genetics of Cercopagis pengoi Island Sound’s lobster Academic Affairs (Ostroumov) (Crustacea, cladocera) in Lake Ontario. Journal of fishery? NY and CT SUNY College of Great Lakes Research 27(1):19-32. $1.00 Environmental Science researchers convened and Forestry in November 2001 to Montlucon, Daniel and Sergio A. Sañudo-Wilhelmy. 2001. NEW Influence of net groundwater discharge on the chemical composi- Mr. Michael E. White discuss possibilities. Westbury, NY tion of a coastal environment: Flanders Bay, Long Island, New • Where in upstate New York York. Environmental Science and Technology 35(3):480-486. $1.00 did we open our 10th Ex Officio Members office statewide? Norton, Dawn M., Janet M. Scarlett, Kelly Horton, David Sue, NEW Joanne Thimothe, Kathryn J. Boor and Martin Weidmann. 2001. • Where are water quality Mr. Gordon Colvin Characterization and pathogenic potential of Listeria Director of education efforts Marine Resources monocytogenes isolates from the smoked fish industry. Applied being targeted in New NYS Dept. of Environmental and Environmental Microbiology 67(2):646-653. $1.00 York’s marine waters? Our Conservation newly launched NEMO Parker, S.L., L.G. Rudstam, and E.L. Mills, D.W. Einhouse. Mr. Robert Crowder (nonpoint source pollution) 2001. Retention of Bythotrephes spines in the stomachs of NEW Policy Analyst, Division eastern Lake Erie rainbow smelt. Transactions of the American of Policy & Research Web site has the answers. NYS Department of Fisheries Society 130:988-994. $1.00 Economic Development 15 Herring
The Atlantic herring is a small Northern Atlantic Ocean fish most abundant in New York German New Year’s Herring Seafood Corner during the winter and early spring. For the nutrition conscious consumer, herring is a great choice. It’s high in protein, Ingredients Method has a moderate amount of fat, is 2 lbs. herring fillets, Preheat oven to 375ºF. Butter a baking dish an excellent source of omega-3 fatty acids, and is a reasonable cut into serving pieces or casserole large enough to hold the source of B-complex vitamins and 2 tbsp. lemon juice herring fillets in a single layer. On wax trace minerals. 2 onions, medium, paper, spread the fillets out and sprinkle The familiar canned sardines are sliced and separated into rings actually small immature herring, them with lemon juice and salt. Let the one to two years in age. In the 3 dill pickles, medium, Northeast, the sardine harvesting cut into thin wedges fillets marinate for 10 minutes. Melt 2 and canning industries are tablespoons of butter over moderate heat. concentrated in Maine. Other 4 tbsp. butter or margarine popular and widely consumed 3 tbsp. tomato paste Sauté onion rings in the butter for about 5 herring products in Europe and 1 tsp. horseradish the U.S. include smoked herring minutes until soft and transparent. Arrange products such as kippers, and a 1/2 tsp. salt herring fillets in the baking dish. Beat variety of pickled herring 1 tbsp. beer products such as roll-mops and tomato paste, beer and horseradish together herring in sour cream and wine in a bowl. Spread this mixture evenly over sauces. You’re as likely to find herring products at the deli the fillets and scatter sautéd onion rings and counter as in your local seafood store. The ingenious methods of pickle wedges on top. Cut remaining butter “curing” herring by salting, into small pieces and dot it on the fish. smoking or pickling could easily fill an entire book. Bake about 15 minutes. Serve at once.
Fresh herring are traditionally Serves 4. prepared by frying, broiling, Courtesy of New York Seafood Council. grilling or baking – cooking methods of choice for the fattier, full-flavored fish species. Herring is one fish species found in the cuisine of many northern European countries. In Scotland, herring are rolled in coarse oatmeal and fried. In a Russian dish, herring are mixed with boiled potatoes, apples, and NONPROFIT onions and baked in sour cream. The Dutch send a batch of the U.S. POSTAGE PAID season’s first herring directly to UNIVERSITY AT the Queen. In a traditional Dutch STONY BROOK recipe, chunks of herring are New York baked with an egg, potato and New York Sea Grant yogurt mixture. Try sharing a 121 Discovery Hall batch of herring this New Year’s in the German tradition, using Stony Brook University this recipe. Stony Brook, New York ADDRESS CORRECTION REQUIRED Courtesy of NY Seafood Council 11794-5001
New York Sea Grant Bringing provides equal opportunities in employment and Science to programming. Coastlines is printed on recycled paper the Shore and may be made available in an alternative format. http://www.nyseagrant.org