1998 Smithsonian Folklife Festival

Smithsonian Folklife Festival tjgJtm SmithsMS Folklife Festival On the National Mall Washington, D.C. June 24-28 & July 1-5 Cosponsored by the National Park Service 19 98 SMITHSONIAN ^ On the Cover General Festival LEFT Hardanger fiddle made by Ron Poast of Black Information 101 Earth, Wisconsin. Photo © Jim Wildeman Services & Hours BELOW, LEFT Participants Amber, Baltic Gold. Photo by Antanas Sutl(us Daily Schedules BELOW, CENTER Pmi lace Contributors & Sponsors from the Philippines. Staff Photo by Ernesto Caballero, courtesy Cultural Special Concerts & Events Center of the Philippines Educational Offerings BELOW, RIGHT Friends of the Festival Dried peppers from the Snnithsonian Folkways Recordings Rio Grande/ Rio Bravo Basin. Photo by Kenn Shrader Contents ^ I.Michael Heyman 2 Inside Front Cover The festival: On the Mall and Back Home Bruce Babbitt Cebu Islanders process as part of the Santo Nino (Holy 3 Child) celebrations in Manila, the Philippines, in 1997. Celebrating Our Cultural Heritage Photo by Richard Kennedy Diana Parker 4 Table of Contents Image Jhe festival As Community .^^hb The Petroglyph National Monument, on the outskirts Richard Kurin 5 ofAlbuquerque, New Mexico, is a culturally significant Jhe festival and folkways — space for many and a sacred site for Pueblo peoples. Ralph Rinzler's Living Cultural Archives Photo by Charlie Weber Jffc Site Map on the Back Cover i FOLKLIFE FESTIVAL Wisconsin Pahiyas: The Rio Grande/ Richard March 10 A Philippine Harvest Rio Bravo Basin Wisconsin Folldife Marian Pastor Roces 38 Lucy Bates, Olivia Cadaval, 79 Robert T.Teske 14 Rethinking Categories: Heidi McKinnon, Diana Robertson, Cheeseheads, Tailgating, and the The Making of the ?di\\\yas and Cynthia Vidaurri Lambeau Leap: Tiie Green Bay Packers Culture and Environment in the Rio Richard Kennedy 41 and Wisconsin Folldife Grande/Rio Bravo Basin: A Preview Rethinking the Philippine Exhibit GinaGrumke 17 at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair The Neighborhood Tavern: Festival Concerts Elena Rivera Mirano 45 Community Tradition at the Harmony The Fourth Annual Friends of the Masters of Tradition in the Modern World Festival Ralph Rinzler Memorial Ruth Olson 20 Ramon RSantos 49 Concert The Wisconsin Dairy Farm: Traditional Music in Philippine Cultures A Working Tradition Peter Sokolow 95 Doreen G. Femandez 51 Jazz and First-Generation American Ruth Olson 23 Philippine Food Klezmer Musicians "A Good Way to Pass the Winter": Sturgeon-Spearing in Wisconsin Ricardo D.Trimillos 53 Henry Sapoznik 97 Filipino-American Youth Old- Time Music and the Klezmer Revival: Thomas Vennum, Jr. 26 Performing Filipinicity A Personal Account The Enduring Craftsmanship of Wisconsin's Native Peoples: Folkways at 50 The Ojibwe Birch-bark Canoe The Baltic Nations: Anthony Seeger 98 Richard March 31 Estonia, Latvia, and Folkways at 50: Festivals and Recordings Polka: Wisconsin's State Dance Lithuania Anne Pryor 34 Elena Bradunas 58 Faith, Politics, and Community A Song ofSurvival © 1998 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION at the Dickeyville Grotto Ingrid Ruutel 60 ISSN 1056-6805 Traditional Culture in Estonia editor: Caria M.Borden ASSOCIATE editor: Peter Seitel Valdis Muktupavels 66 ART direqor: Kenn Shrader Latvian Traditional Culture and Music designer: Jen Harrington Zita Kelmickaite 72 PRODuaiON manager: Kristen Fernekes The Tenacity of Tradition in Lithuania ^ ^^^^fJr X Smithsonian Folklife Festival Earl Nyholm, Charlie Ashmun, andJulia Nyholm splitjackpine roots for sewing and lashing on a traditional Ojibwe canoe on Madeline Island, Wisconsin. Photo by Janet Cardie 1998 Smithsonian Folklife Festival The Festival: I.Michael Heyman Secretary On the Mall and Back Home Smithsonian Institution 1998 Smithsonian Folklife Festival is Council of Folklore, among other insti- Theproud to host programs on Wisconsin, tutions. the Rio Grancle/Rio Bravo Basin, the Research allows us to plan and produce the Festival. It also leads to other outputs Philippines, and the Baltic nations of Estonia, well beyond the Mall that cause the staff Latvia, and Lithuania. to declare, "The Festival never ends." Highly visible Festival presentations • Wisconsin this year celebrates its a Tibetan sand mandala maker from have gone to the Olympic Games and sesquicentennial, and seeks through the Wisconsin, a Filipino artisan who fash- formed the core of festivals in Hawai'i, Festival to demonstrate to the nation the ions musical gongs from bullet casings, Oklahoma, Michigan, Iowa, Mississippi, vitality of its people and their traditions. a New Mexican pueblo potter who and other states. There is a copious • The Rio Grande/Rio Bravo region was incorporates modern flood stories into scholarly literature on the Festival and redefined 150 years ago with the Treaty her craft, and a Baltic-style St. John's some three dozen documentary films and of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which established Day ceremony. television shows, radio broadcasts, a few a new boundary between Mexico and the Impressive as it is, though, the dozen Smithsonian Folkways recordings, United States. The river has a variety of Festival is more than the presentations and numerous cultural learning guides meanings for local communities that will on the Mall. It begins back home — for schools and communities. be explored on the Mall. wherever that may be — with good The pattern holds for this year's • The Philippines first tasted indepen- research. Wisconsin fieldworkers have Festival. Wisconsin, in association with dence 100 years ago, and marks its cen- done a wonderful job documenting the the Smithsonian, will mount a Festival of tennial with activities that give voice to state's community-based culture. In the Wisconsin Folklife in Madison in August. Filipino peoples, both in the island Rio Grande region, cooperative field We have produced a Smithsonian nation and here in the United States. schools led by the Smithsonian with the Folkways recording on one of the state's • The Baltic nations each demonstrate University of New Mexico, Colorado dance music traditions, and Wisconsin the richness of their cultural life, and its College, University of Texas-Pan public television is shooting a documen- importance in sustaining the struggle to American, and Tierra Wools have tary for broadcast. In the Rio Grande regain their freedom and independence encouraged local-area students and Basin, Festival collaborations assure a only a decade ago. community members to study their cul- continuing effort to research the region The Festival will attract about a mil- tural traditions. In the Philippines, the and develop multimedia materials for lion visitors. They will dance to polkas Cultural Center has devoted its staff to the schools. And, for the Baltic nations, from Milwaukee, learn borderlands bal- researching the traditions of the varied we trust the Festival on the Mall will lads, participate in a Philippine islands and developing a national reinforce the relationship between the pageant, and marvel at the amber work, archive. And in the Baltics, research has encouragement of grassroots cultural flax weaving, and choral songs of depended upon the documentation expression and the development of a Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. The efforts of the Lithuanian Folk Culture free, democratic, civil society — as it unexpected will also meet their eye — Center and the Estonian National does for us every year. Smithsonian Folklife Festival 1998 1998 Smithsonian Foliclife Festival Celebrating Bruce Babbitt Our Cultural Heritage Secretary of the Interior Over the past three decades, the Smithsonian Folklife Festival has brought millions of people together on the National Mall in an annual celebration of the art of American life and the cultures of our worldwide heritage. The National Mall is a public landscape dynamic process, vital in the lives of that connects our institutions of democ- diverse people and communities, and racy, our monuments, museums, and represents their heritage, creativity, storehouses of history in a unique layout knowledge, and skill. in the Nation's Capital. The Mall and its Our cultural heritage is the gift of our institutions are open to all — annually forbears which welcoming millions of people from every cames a responsi- The National Mall is a public background and cultural heritage. bility for us to landscape that connects our Each year, the Festival celebrates the share this inheri- institutions of democracy, our cultural traditions of specific regions of tance with our store- the United States and other nations children for monuments, museums, and around the world. Among those this year, future generations houses of history in a unique the Festival features the cultural tradi- to understand and layout in the Nation's Capital. tions of Wisconsin, which is celebrating enjoy By nurtur- its 150th anniversary of statehood, and ing our cultural heritage, respecting what the Centennial Celebration of the has been created, and passing it on, we Philippine declaration of independence. give future generations the symbolic tools Also featured are the Baltic nations — to construct worlds of meaning that pro- Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania — whose vide answers to many questions. This is cultural traditions have been of para- what we do at our memorials and monu- mount importance in defining and sus- ments, in our national parks, and through taining them. The Festival also hosts our varied programs. members of communities in the Rio The Festival gives voice and vision to Grande/Rio Bravo Basin, from Mexico our worldwide cultural experiences. and the United States, who draw mean- Reflect for a moment on how events like ing and sustenance from that great and the Festival help one generation commu- important river. nicate with the succeeding one. Reflect The people and traditions on the Mall for a moment on how it tells where we are here for us to understand, appreciate, have been, what type of stewards of the and respect. We learn from the artisans, land we have become, and who we are. musicians, storytellers, workers, and The Festival is an annual remembrance other cultural torchbearers at the of our rich past and rededication to a Festival. They teach us that culture is a promising future.

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