Beyond the Grave: a Brief History of Spirit Photography

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Beyond the Grave: A Brief History of Spirit Photography Guiding Questions • How did spirit photography begin? o How did it grow in popularity? • Who profited off of spirit photography? Was it the photographers or customers? • How was Mumler accused of fraud? • What is spiritualism? • Who were the Fox sisters? o What was their role in the Spiritualist movement? Do you believe them? • How was Buguet accused of fraud? o What proof did they find against him? • Why are people interested in spirit photography of their loved ones? o How did events like the Civil War or Influenza epidemic affect this? • Do you think charging people for spirit photography is moral or immoral? o Why or why not? • In what ways do people participate in the same idea of spirit photography today? o What cultural practices and ideas emphasize keeping our deceased loved ones close? • How exactly did these photographers incorporate these “spirits” into the photographs? o What photography methods did they use? Classroom Activities • Mumler tricked many into believing his spirit photography was legitimate and was even acquitted of fraud during a trial, despite evidence demonstrating his tricks. o Find other prominent examples of fraud throughout history, especially where the accused were acquitted. • Capturing spirits on film and video is more common today, but debunking this evidence is just as common. o Try to create your own spirit photography or video! See how easy it is to make it believable. o Find examples online of spirit photographs or videos. Examine them and see if you can debunk them and discover how they’ve been doctored. • Create a marketing campaign to get the word out about Mumler’s spirit photography. o The campaign can either be set in the 1860’s (the peak of Mumler’s career) or it can be set in modern times! .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Smithsonian Institution Archives (SIA)
SMITHSONIAN OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESEARCH AND STUDY 2020 Office of Fellowships and Internships Smithsonian Institution Washington, DC The Smithsonian Opportunities for Research and Study Guide Can be Found Online at http://www.smithsonianofi.com/sors-introduction/ Version 2.0 (Updated January 2020) Copyright © 2020 by Smithsonian Institution Table of Contents Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 How to Use This Book .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Anacostia Community Museum (ACM) ........................................................................................................................................................ 2 Archives of American Art (AAA) ....................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Asian Pacific American Center (APAC) .......................................................................................................................................................... 6 Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage (CFCH) ...................................................................................................................................... 7 Cooper-Hewitt,
[Show full text]
Photography As Metaphor and Material Object in Victorian Culture
"MIRROR WITH A MEMORY": PHOTOGRAPHY AS METAPHOR AND MATERIAL OBJECT IN VICTORIAN CULTURE Sarah Worman A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS May 2017 Committee: Piya Pal-Lapinski, Advisor Kim Coates © 2017 Sarah Worman All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Piya Pal-Lapinski, Advisor In the Victorian period, photography was associated with the ghosts of history, con artists in the streets of London, and cultural anxieties about the future of Victorian society. The Victorian practice of photographing ghosts, or spirit photography, showed how Victorians viewed the past, present, and future. By examining the cultural artifact of Georgiana Houghton’s Chronicles of the Photographs of Spiritual Beings (1882), it becomes clear how photography affected Victorian literature as well as Victorian culture. In the short stories, “Oke of Okehurst” (1886) and “A Wicked Voice” (1887), Vernon Lee compared Victorian produced art to art from history. For Lee, the fast paced and highly commercialized art, which was influenced by photography, was not as powerful as art with historical context. An earlier work, Thomas Hardy’s A Laodicean: A Story of To-Day (1881), also showed the connections between photography, history, and uncertainty. The characters try to use photography to try and preserve a crumbling medieval castle, but their attempts end in failure. While technology like telegraphs gives Paula a sense of power, the novel leaves her wishing she had a more stable connection to the past and the future. These examples of Victorian literature show that photography affected Victorian culture at a deeper level than previously thought.
[Show full text]
University of Birmingham Oscar Wilde, Photography, and Cultures Of
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Birmingham Research Portal University of Birmingham Oscar Wilde, photography, and cultures of spiritualism Dobson, Eleanor License: None: All rights reserved Document Version Peer reviewed version Citation for published version (Harvard): Dobson, E 2020, 'Oscar Wilde, photography, and cultures of spiritualism: ''The most magical of mirrors''', English Literature in Transition 1880-1920, vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 139-161. Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: Checked for eligibility 12/02/2019 Published in English Literature in Transition 1880-1920 http://www.eltpress.org/index.html General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain. Where a licence is displayed above, please note the terms and conditions of the licence govern your use of this document.
[Show full text]
Spiritualism and Possession
Moshe Sluhovsky. Believe Not Every Spirit: Possession, Mysticism, and Discernment in Early Modern Catholicism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007. 384 pp. $45.00 (cloth), ISBN 978-0-226-76282-1. Reviewed by Marc R. Forster (Department of History, Connecticut College) Published on H-HRE (February, 2008) Spiritualism and Possession Moshe Sluhovsky has wrien an excellent study of ese forms of “passive interiority” were however possession and mysticism in early modern European not just for women and were widely practiced among Catholicism. His elegantly wrien and clearly argued Catholics, including, for example, the Jesuits. However, book, Believe Not Every Spirit, points scholars in some the oﬃcial church also always considered them suspect. new directions in understanding the meaning of demonic Sluhovsky explains in detail the theological debates that possession. Most importantly, Sluhovsky links cases of aempted to draw lines between acceptable and unac- demonic possession to spiritual developments in Catholi- ceptable (possibly heretical) forms of mysticism. He cism, developments that caused considerable tension and points out, in addition, that mystical practices were in- even confusion for church leaders, while opening both creasingly considered feminine. French mystics of this opportunities and dangers for individual believers, espe- type were sometimes called femmelees, people who cially women, who were inclined toward mystical and lacked the reason and control for proper piety. More sig- interiorized spirituality. niﬁcant for the argument of this book, Sluhovsky empha- Sluhovsky presents a clear narrative of the history of sizes that both practitioners and church leaders consid- diabolic possession. is story is perhaps not surpris- ered the practices of passive interior mysticism fraught ing and mirrors in many ways developments in witch with the danger of diabolical possession.
[Show full text]
A Glimpse at Spiritualism
A GLIMPSE AT SPIRITUALISM P.V JOITX J. BIRCH ^'*IiE term Spiritualism, as used by philosophical writers denotes the opposite of materialism., but it is also used in a narrower sense to describe the belief that the spiritual world manifests itself by producing in the physical world, effects inexplicable by the known laws of natural science. Many individuals are of the opinion that it is a new doctrine: but in reality the belief in occasional manifesta- tions of a supernatural world has probably existed in the human mind from the most primitive times to the very moment. It has filtered down through the ages under various names. As Haynes states in his book. Spirifttallsiii I'S. Christianity, 'Tt has existed for ages in the midst of heathen darkness, and its presence in savage lands has been marked by no march of progress, bv no advance in civilization, by no development of education, by no illumination of the mental faculties, by no increase of intelligence, but its acceptance has been productive of and coexistent with the most profound ignor- ance, the most barbarous superstitions, the most unspeakable immor- talities, the basest idolatries and the worst atrocities which the world has ever known."' In Egypt, Assyria, Babylon, Greece and Rome such things as astrology, soothsaying, magic, divination, witchcraft and necromancy were common. ]\ loses gives very early in the history of the human race a catalogue of spirit manifestations when he said: "There shall not be found among you any one that maketh his son or his daugh- ter to pass through the fire, or that useth divination, or an observer of times, or an enchanter, or a witch, or a charmer, or a consulter with familiar spirits, or a wizard, or a necromancer.
[Show full text]
Proquest Dissertations
Early Cinema and the Supernatural by Murray Leeder B.A. (Honours) English, University of Calgary, M.A. Film Studies, Carleton University A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Cultural Mediations © Murray Leeder September 2011 Library and Archives Bibliotheque et 1*1 Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington OttawaONK1A0N4 OttawaONK1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-83208-0 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-83208-0 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par I'lnternet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le loan, distribute and sell theses monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. Ni thesis. Neither the thesis nor la these ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci substantial extracts from it may be ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement printed or otherwise reproduced reproduits sans son autorisation.
[Show full text]
The Pantheism of Goethe in Its Relation to That of Spinoza
University of Iowa Iowa Research Online Theses and Dissertations 1918 The pantheism of Goethe in its relation to that of Spinoza Hans Naether State University of Iowa Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd This work has been identified with a Creative Commons Public Domain Mark 1.0. Material in the public domain. No restrictions on use. This thesis is available at Iowa Research Online: https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4084 Recommended Citation Naether, Hans. "The pantheism of Goethe in its relation to that of Spinoza." MA (Master of Arts) thesis, State University of Iowa, 1918. https://doi.org/10.17077/etd.xi8mcgqv Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd THE PANTHEISM OF GOETHE IN ITS RELATION TO THAT OF SPINOZA. A THESIS submitted to The Faculty of the Graduate College of the State University of Iowa in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS by Hans Naether. State University of Iowa 1918. TABLE Of CONTENTS. Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION. 1-8. Chapter 2. MARKED INFLUENCES IN THE 'DEVELOPMENT OF GOETHE ’s THOUGHT. 4-13. Chapter 8. WHAT IS PANTHEISM? 14-16. ! Chapter 4. THE PANTHEISM OF GO^TBE.c"' 19-25. Chapter 5. DID SFIN07A TEACH AN IMMANENT GOD? 26-29. Chapter 6. THE RELATION OE GOETHE. TO SPIN02A . 80-47. Chapter 7. GOETHE’S C M CONCEPTION OE GOD. 46-55. Chapter 8. GCETHE.'S PHILO POPE'S IN FAUST. 46-72. Chapter S. GOETHE’S 'APPROACH TO THEISM. 73—j—96. 1. THE PANTHEISM OE GOETHE IN ITS RELATION TO THAT 0? SPINOZA.
[Show full text]
Fragile Spectres: How Women of Victorian Britain Used the Occult
FRAGILE SPECTRES: HOW WOMEN OF VICTORIAN BRITAIN USED THE OCCULT AND SPIRITUALIST MOVEMENT TO CREATE AUTONOMY A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences Florida Gulf Coast University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master of Arts By Danielle Jean Drew 2017 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Danielle Jean Drew Approved: April 19, 2017 Committee Chair / Advisor Committee Member 1 Committee Member 2 Committee Member 3 The final copy of this thesis has been examined by the signatories, and we find that both the content and the form meet acceptable presentation standards of scholarly work in the above mentioned discipline. 1 Table of Contents Acknowledgements 3 Introduction 4 Chapter 1 11 The Spiritualist Movement in London Chapter 2 24 The Lady and the Medium: Spiritualism and Women in the Nineteenth Century Chapter 3 37 Middle Class Mediums: A New Vocation for Victorian Women Chapter 4 50 Finding New Life in Art: Medium and Artist Georgiana Houghton Chapter 5 66 Medium, Editor, and Inspiration: Emma Hardinge Britten and the Spiritualist Movement Chapter 6 83 Rosa Campbell Praed: Theosophy, Feminism, Authorship, and Autonomy at the Turn of the Century Conclusion 98 Bibliography 102 2 Acknowledgements There are many people that I am grateful to and would like to acknowledge in the completion of this Master’s thesis. The first thank you belongs to my mother, who has supported me emotionally and mentally through these past two years, providing me with words of wisdom and encouragement when I wanted to give up.
[Show full text]
Newspaper, Spiritualism, and British Society, 1881 - 1920
Clemson University TigerPrints All Theses Theses 12-2009 'Light, More Light': The 'Light' Newspaper, Spiritualism, and British Society, 1881 - 1920. Brian Glenney Clemson University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses Part of the European History Commons Recommended Citation Glenney, Brian, "'Light, More Light': The 'Light' Newspaper, Spiritualism, and British Society, 1881 - 1920." (2009). All Theses. 668. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/668 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. "LIGHT, MORE LIGHT”: The “Light” Newspaper, Spiritualism and British Society, 1881-1920. A Thesis Presented to the Graduate School of Clemson University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Masters in History by Brian Edmund Glenney December, 2009 Accepted by: Dr. Michael Silvestri, Committee Chair Dr. Alan Grubb Dr. Megan Taylor Shockley i ABSTRACT This thesis looks at the spiritualist weekly Light through Late Victorian, Edwardian, and World War I Britain. Light has never received any extended coverage or historical treatment yet it was one of the major spiritualist newspapers during this part of British history. This thesis diagrams the lives of Light ’s first four major editors from 1881 till the end of World War I and their views on the growth of science, God, Christ, evolution, and morality. By focusing on one major spiritualist newspaper from 1881 till 1920, this thesis attempts to bridge the gap in spiritualist historiography that marks World War I as a stopping or starting point.
[Show full text]
Glossary of Spiritualist Terms and Techniques
A PPENDIX A Glossary of Spiritualist Terms and Techniques automatic writing. A Spirit uses the medium’s hand to write replies to any number of questions posed; also practiced by amateurs as a way of strengthening their spiritual powers. As an added feature, a magic pencil sometimes floats. In such instances, the Spirits are asking the medium to begin writing. How it is done: The pencil hangs on thin metal or glass wires. clairgustance or clairlience. A taste or smell associated with the Spirit. For example, if you are trying to contact your mother, who was fond of gardening, a waft of rose water might be introduced. How it is done: aromatherapy. dermography, also known as skin writing. The Spirits literally write words or pictures on the medium’s flesh. How it is done: Invisible ink, likely lemon juice, is used. When held up to a candle, the ink grows increasingly visible. ectoplasm. A pale, filmy materialization of the soul, produced by the medium when in a trance state. Likely invented by Leah Fox (circa 1860). The last manifestation of ectoplasm seems to have taken place in 1939. Cambridge University has a sample; it looks and feels like cheesecloth or chiffon. Female mediums sometimes stuffed ectoplasm in their vaginas, necessitating strip- searches. See also soul and Spirit’s progress. lampadomancy. Flame reading. The messages might be conveyed by changes in flame intensity, color, or direction. How it is done: Chemicals can be added to a segment of the candle to make the flame flicker or change color. On the direction of the flame: a small hole in the table may allow 164 Glossary of Spiritualist Terms and Techniques for a flue to affect air- current.
[Show full text]
History of 'Spiritist Madness' in Brazil
HPY 16(1) Moreira-Almeida 1/28/05 9:02 AM Page 1 History of Psychiatry, 16(1): 005–025 Copyright © 2005 SAGE Publications (London, Thousand Oaks, CA and New Delhi) www.sagepublications.com [200503] DOI: 10.1177/0957154X05044602 History of ‘Spiritist madness’ in Brazil ALEXANDER MOREIRA-ALMEIDA * University of São Paulo ANGÉLICA A. SILVA DE ALMEIDA University of Campinas FRANCISCO LOTUFO NETO University of São Paulo Edited by Dr TOM DENING Spiritism is widely accepted in Brazil and influences psychiatric practice, especially through religious-oriented hospitals. However, during the first half of the twentieth century it was considered an important cause of mental illness. This paper first reviews opinions on ‘Spiritist madness’, written by the most eminent psychiatrists of the time, and then discusses the epistemological factors that have contributed to the conflict between medicine and Spiritism. We critically examine the appropriateness of the methods used in the debates, and how this has led to inferences about associations and causal relationships. Keywords: dissociation; history; mediumship; mental hygiene; possession; prejudice; spiritism; spiritualism; trance Introduction Throughout the last century, the psychiatric community has had a range of different attitudes to so-called mediumistic experiences. Although such experiences are ancient and exist in every culture, well-controlled studies of the subject are scarce. Nowadays, psychiatry considers that spiritualist experiences are culturally related, and are non-pathological in most cases, * Address for correspondence: Rua Caetés 737/205, Perdizes 0516-081, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Email: [email protected] HPY 16(1) Moreira-Almeida 1/28/05 9:02 AM Page 2 6 HISTORY OF PSYCHIATRY 16(1) even contributing to psychological development and well-being (Cardeña, Lyinn and Krippmer, 2000; Grof and Grof, 1989; Lukoff, Lu and Tuner, 1992).
[Show full text]
Modern Spiritualism: Its Quest to Become a Science Creative Works
Southern Illinois University Carbondale OpenSIUC Modern Spiritualism: Its Quest to Become A Science Creative Works 2021 Modern Spiritualism: Its Quest to Become A Science John Haller Jr Follow this and additional works at: https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/histcw_ms Copyright © 2020, John S. Haller, Jr. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN (print): 9798651505449 Interior design by booknook.biz This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Creative Works at OpenSIUC. It has been accepted for inclusion in Modern Spiritualism: Its Quest to Become A Science by an authorized administrator of OpenSIUC. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Modern Spiritualism: Its Quest to Become A Science By John S. Haller, Jr. Copyright © 2020, John S. Haller, Jr. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN (print): 9798651505449 Interior design by booknook.biz Spiritualism, then, is a science, by authority of self-evident truth, observed fact, and inevitable deduction, having within itself all the elements upon which any science can found a claim. (R. T. Hallock, The Road to Spiritualism, 1858) TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 Chapters 1. Awakening 11 2. Rappings 41 3. Poughkeepsie Seer 69 4. Architect of the Spirit World 95 5. Esoteric Wisdom 121 6. American Portraits 153 7.
[Show full text]