Realising the Potential of the Outermost Regions for Sustainable Blue Growth
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Realising the potential of the Outermost Regions for sustainable blue growth Final Report Written by COGEA srl, in partnership with AND International, Fundación AZTI and Poseidon Aquatic Resources Management Ltd September – 2017 EUROPEAN COMMISSION Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (EASME) Department A – COSME, H2020 SME and EMFF Unit A3 – EMFF E-mail: [email protected] European Commission B-1049 Brussels EUROPEAN COMMISSION Realising the potential of the Outermost Regions for sustainable blue growth Final Report Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (EASME) European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF) 2017 EUR [number] EN Realising the potential of the Outermost Regions for sustainable blue growth FINAL REPORT Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union. 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Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2017 ISBN 978-92-9202-269-3 doi: 10.2826/074620 © European Union, 2017 Realising the potential of the Outermost Regions for sustainable blue growth FINAL REPORT Contents Executive summary ........................................................................................ 1 Final report .................................................................................................. 13 0 Task reminder ........................................................................................ 14 0.1 Objectives and methods ............................................................................. 14 0.2 Geographic scope of the study ..................................................................... 14 0.3 Limits encountered and solutions adopted ..................................................... 15 0.4 Focus on macroeconomic data availability: state of art and needs .................... 15 1 Analysis and recommendations on the potential for sustainable blue growth by sea basin and by OR ................................................................................ 17 1.1 Caribbean — Amazonia ............................................................................... 18 1.1.1 Mapping of the state of the art of maritime activities ........................ 18 1.1.2 Identification of most important maritime activities .......................... 29 1.1.3 Findings of the needs analysis and best practices survey................... 33 1.1.4 Findings concerning most relevant growth drivers and barriers .......... 41 1.1.5 Findings on activities with highest potential ..................................... 44 1.1.6 Conclusions on concrete measures by type and timeframe ................ 49 1.2 South West Indian Ocean ........................................................................... 60 1.2.1 Mapping of the state of art of maritime activities ............................. 60 1.2.2 Identification of most important maritime activities .......................... 68 1.2.3 Findings of the needs analysis and best practices survey................... 71 1.2.4 Findings concerning most relevant drivers and growth barriers .......... 76 1.2.5 Findings on activities with highest potential ..................................... 80 1.2.6 Conclusions on concrete measures by type and timeframe ................ 84 1.3 Macaronesia .............................................................................................. 96 1.3.1 Mapping of the state of art of maritime activities ............................. 96 1.3.2 Identification of the most important maritime activities ................... 105 1.3.3 Findings of the needs analysis and best practices survey.................. 108 1.3.4 Findings concerning the most relevant drivers and growth barriers .... 115 1.3.5 Findings on activities with highest potential .................................... 119 1.3.6 Conclusions on concrete measures by type and timeframe ............... 124 2 Final remarks on all Outermost Regions ................................................... 141 Annexes (provided as separate documents): Annex 1 — Guadeloupe Annex 7 — Azores Annex 2 — Martinique Annex 8 — Madeira Annex 3 — Saint-Martin Annex 9 — Canary Islands Annex 4 — French Guiana Annex 10 — Caribbean-Amazonia Annex 5 — Mayotte Annex 11 — Indian Ocean Annex 6 — Réunion Annex 12 — Macaronesia Realising the potential of the Outermost Regions for sustainable blue growth FINAL REPORT Executive summary Needs and objectives of the study This study aims at contributing to the implementation of the Integrated Maritime Policy in the nine Outermost Regions (ORs) of the European Union (Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Réunion, Mayotte, Saint-Martin, Madeira, the Azores and Canary Islands) and their related sea basins (Caribbean-Amazonia, south-west Indian Ocean and Macaronesia). Its main purpose is to identify opportunities for sustainable growth in the blue economy (Blue Growth) in each of the basins, by covering four main areas: the state of play, which describes the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the blue economy of the ORs and identifies relevant flagship projects; the identification of potential new maritime activities expected to contribute to Blue Growth in each of the ORs; a gap analysis of required skills, infrastructure, research and data, and recommendations for appropriate actions (at public and private levels) expected to help fill these gaps; and the provision of up-to-date insights and evidence on the new growth potential that should help understand the economic and social development process within the maritime sector, including analysis of maritime activity trends, identification of strategies to improve the competitiveness of maritime activities, and the fostering of the role of ORs within the overall EU cooperation framework in the maritime sector. Main findings and conclusions by sea basin Caribbean-Amazonia (Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint-Martin, French Guiana) Maritime-based economic activities contribute significantly to the overall economy of Caribbean countries. Of these, as depicted in Figure 1 below, coastal tourism, cruise tourism, shipping (maritime transport and ports) and fishing and aquacultureCoastal tourism play a major role in the overall Caribbean economy, given that (i) all these activities have been identified in all countries and ORs and (ii) they present the highest level of development in almost all territories. Two activities currently at a pre-development stage present considerable growth potential for the near future, and could create important job opportunities and value added for the sea basin economy: renewable energy and blue biotechnology. Figure 1 — Main maritime activities in Guadeloupe, Martinique and French Guiana 16 000 14 000 12 000 Coastal tourism 10 000 8 000 GVA: 290 million € 6 000 Empl: 15 158 FTE 3.5 Fisheries and 4 000 2 000 3.0 aquaculture 0 20 000 520 000 — 2.5 2.0 time equivalent) time Maritime - 1.5 transport 1.0 Ports FTE (full FTE Shipbuilding 0.5 Ship repair 0.0 Number of persons employedpersons of Number 0Cruise 20 40 60 80 100 120 in thousands in GVA (million €) tourism Source: our elaboration on 2014 data from INSEE— Institut national des statistiques. For more details, see related Annexes; no data was available for Saint-Martin. 1 Realising the potential of the Outermost Regions for sustainable blue growth FINAL REPORT Fisheries and aquaculture The fisheries sector of the Caribbean-Amazonia basin countries assessed in this study is an important component of their blue economy. It represents a significant source of nutrition, employment and foreign exchange, contributing also to social and economic stability. With respect to aquaculture, a developing aquaculture industry is found mainly in Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago and Martinique (15 aquaculture sites in operation in Martinique in 2015), and to a lesser extent in Dominica, St. Lucia and Guadeloupe (5 sites). For other territories, aquaculture remains at an experimental stage. For these activities, the same gaps were identified in all four ORs, namely: lack of staff with basic education and entrepreneurial An example of best practices: capacity; insufficient infrastructure facilities; the Caribbean Large Marine Ecosystem ageing fleets; limited physical space for Project aquaculture projects; insufficient scientific The objective of this project is to help knowledge about marine resources to carry participating countries to improve the out stock assessments; difficulty to access sustainable management of their shared credit (also linked to the lack of collateral for living resources through an ecosystem- bank loans) and absence of interest of based management approach. Results investors or banks to the fisheries sector; lack achieved were the development of a of governance, as countries in the region have strategic action programme for sustainable not formally adopted joint fisheries management and the adoption of a shared vision of the countries involved regarding management plans. the priority interventions, reforms and Several actions are therefore recommended. investments. Data relating