Over the last 30 years, a small group of visionaries in science, technology, legislation and business have driven the development of biotechnology. THE Today, in the midst of tremendous advances in medicine and agriculture, this exhibition and accompanying brochure pays tribute to the leaders that have shaped the biotechnology industry. TOP The Top 100 Living Contributors to Biotechnology have been selected by their peers and through independent polls conducted by Reed Exhibitions, a division of Reed Elsevier. Senior staff throughout the biotechnology industry have identified the most influential and inspirational pioneers. The results 100 are presented here alphabetically. LIVING CONTRIBUTORS To those named in the Top 100, and the many other contributors not listed, TO BIOTECHNOLOGY the biotechnology community is deeply appreciative. P 1 4 MICHAEL ASHBURNER SEYMOUR BENZER PAUL BERG Michael Ashburner is Professor Seymour Benzer instilled the Paul Berg is Cahill Professor in of Biology at the University of fundamental idea that genes Cancer Research, Emeritus, at Cambridge where he received his control behaviour. He began his the Stanford University School undergraduate degree and PhD, career studying gene structure of Medicine, and director emeri- both in genetics. Ashburner’s and code, developing a method tus of the Beckman Centre for current major research interests to determine the detailed struc- Molecular and Genetic are the structure and evolution of ture of viral genes in 1955. He Medicine. He is one of the prin- genomes. Most of his research then switched to the field of cipal pioneers in the field of 33 has been with the model organ- neurogenetics, focusing on “gene splicing.” Berg, along with ism Drosophila melanogaster, the inheritance of behaviour. his colleagues Walter Gilbert and about which he has written the Benzer used gene mutations to Frederick Sanger, was awarded 1 book Drosophila: A Laboratory DAVID BALTIMORE dissect the underlying events in the 1980 Nobel Prize in Handbook. His research has cov- the nervous system of the fruit Chemistry for developing meth- David Baltimore, one of the ered a range of subjects, from fly, Drosophila. His work led to ods that make it possible to map world’s most distinguished biol- classical genetics, developmen- the discovery of specific genes the structure and function of ogists and winner of the 1975 tal biology, cytogenetics to evolu- that participate in various DNA. His work on the genetic Nobel Prize for his work in virol- tion, at both molecular and behavioral phenomena includ- apparatus that directs the syn- ogy, became president of the organismal levels. Ashburner is a ing control of the biological thesis of proteins earned Berg California Institute of Technology founder of FlyBase, and of the clock, and those important in the Eli Lilly Award in Biochem- in 1997. Previously he was a pro- Gene Ontology Consortium. the prevention of neurodegen- istry in 1959 and the California fessor at the Massachusetts From 1994-2001 Ashburner eration. At age 82, Professor Scientist of the Year Award in Institute of Technology, founding served first as research coordina- Benzer continues his research 1963. He has twice been hon- director of the Whitehead tor and then joint-head of the focusing on the problem of ored with the Henry J. Kaiser Institute for Biomedical Research European Molecular Biology aging as the James Griffin Award for Excellence in Teaching at MIT, and the president of Laboratory - European Bioinfor- Boswell Professor of Neurosci- at the Stanford University School Rockefeller University. His career matics Institute at Hinxton, ence, Emeritus at the California of Medicine and has won the has been distinguished by his Cambridge. Ashburner is a Institute of Technology. Roche Institute for Molecular dual contribution to biological Fellow of the Royal Society of Biology’s V. D. Mattia Prize, the research and to national science London and of the Academia Sarasota Medical Awards for policy. He helped pioneer the Europeae; he is a foreign hon- Achievement and Excellence, the molecular study of animal virus- orary member of the American Annual Award of the Gairdner Academy of Arts and Sciences, a Foundation, the Albert Lasker member of the European Benzer instilled the fundamental Basic Medical Research Award, Molecular Biology Organisation, and the New York Academy of and past president of the British idea that genes control behaviour. Sciences Award. He also has Genetical Society. He also is a won the American Association Professorial Fellow of Churchill for the Advancement of Science es, and his research in this field College, Cambridge. Scientific Freedom and Respons- had profound implications for ibility Award, the National Medal understanding cancer and, later, of Science, and the National AIDS. In 1999 he was awarded Library of Medicine Medal. the National Medal of Science, he was a co-recipient of the 2000 P Warren Alpert Foundation Prize and was awarded the 2002 AMA Scientific Achievement Award. 5 1 ERNESTO BERTARELLI J. MICHAEL BISHOP SIR WALTER BODMER Ernesto Bertarelli is CEO and J. Michael Bishop, is Chancellor, Sir Walter Bodmer’s interest in Chairman of Serono. He has Arthur and Toni Rembe Rock statistics spurred him into the transformed Serono into the Distinguished Professor, and world of genetics and subse- third largest biotech company in Professor of Microbiology and quently obtained a PhD in popu- the world, with revenues dou- Immunology at the University lation genetics under the inspir- bled and profits increasing ten- of California, San Francisco. A 5 ing influence of Sir Ronald fold under his leadership. recognized authority on the ELIZABETH BLACKBURN Fisher at Oxford University. In Bertarelli broadened Serono’s molecular mechanisms of can- Elizabeth Blackburn is a leader 1970 Walter took up the chair of product range beyond fertility cer, he shared numerous awards in the area of telomere and Genetics at Oxford. In 1979, he treatments, boosting research with his colleague Harold telomerase research, and is a became Director of Research at spending on drugs to combat Varmus, including the 1982 world-renowned expert on both the Imperial Cancer Research 1 1 diseases such as rheumatoid 1 Fund in London and in 1991 was Albert Lasker Award for Basic their influence in cells and their BARUCH S. BLUMBERG KAREN BERNSTEIN arthritis and multiple sclerosis. Medical Research, the 1984 implications for human health. appointed Director in General of Baruch S. Blumberg is a Karen Bernstein is the co- He is a member of the Harvard Alfred P. Sloan Jr. Prize from She has made several key dis- the Fund. He retired from his Distinguished Scientist at Fox founder, Chairman and Editor-in- Medical School Biological the General Motors Cancer coveries in different aspects of position in 1996 to become Chase Cancer Centre, and Chief of BioCentury Publications Chemistry and Molecular Research Foundation, the 1984 telomere function and biology, Principal of Hertford College, University Professor of Medicine Inc. which provides business- Pharmacology Advisory Council, Gairdner Foundation Inter- including their molecular struc- Oxford from which he retired in and Anthropology at the oriented information services national Award, and the 1989 ture and discovery of the ribonu- August 2005. He was made a University of Pennsylvania. He for life science executives Nobel Prize in Physiology or cleoprotein enzyme, telomerase. Fellow of the Royal Society in has served as director of the and investors. For 10 years Medicine. Bishop has received More recently, Blackburn has 1974, and received a knighthood Bertarelli has transformed National Aeronautics and Space BioCentury has published the 2003 National Medal of been applying her insights into in 1986. Sir Walter, with Julia Administration (NASA) Astro- business intelligence affecting Science; is a member of the telomere biology to the develop- Bodmer, was a pioneer in the biology Institute and in 2001 decisions made by bio-industry Serono into the third largest National Academy of Sciences, ment of a new anti-cancer thera- development of the human tis- was Senior Advisor to the leaders and investors around the the Institute of Medicine, the py that forces cancerous cells sue typing, or HLA system and Administrator of NASA; was RENE BERNARDS world. Bernstein has researched American Academy of Arts and with active telomerase to make has worked to understand how and written on biotechnology biotech company in the world... Master of Balliol College, Oxford cancer cells can escape from Rene Bernards has worked for 25 Sciences, and the American errors during telomere synthe- topics since 1987, she previously University, (1989-1994) and was attack by the immune system. years in oncology research, most Philosophical Society; and holds sis, effectively triggering cellular was senior editor of Bio World on the staff of the National His current scientific work at his recently developing functional honorary degrees from several suicide. Blackburn is currently and director of research at the GORDON BINDER Institutes of Health. (1957-1964). laboratory, the CRUK Cancer & genetic approaches to aid cancer and a member of the PhRMA universities. He continues to the Morris Herzstein Professor Centre for Science Information Gordon Binder is the former Blumberg received the Nobel Immunogenetics Laboratory at treatment. His work at Utrecht and BIO boards in the United teach medical students and of Biology and Physiology in the in San Francisco. She has held CEO of Amgen. During his prize in Medicine in 1976 for the Weatherall Institute of University focuses on the cre- States. He is also the President supervise a research team study- Department of Biochemistry and faculty positions at Stanford of the Alinghi team that success- tenure as first CFO then CEO, work on the hepatitis B virus Molecular Medicine, Oxford, is ation of genome-wide genetic ing the molecular pathogenesis Biophysics at the University of University, Mills College, the Amgen grew from a start-up (HBV). Baruch and colleagues aimed at working out the mech- screens for the identification of fully won the America’s Cup in of cancer. He is the author of California, San Francisco, and also University of California at Santa company with just 50 employees identified HBV in the mid 1960s. anisms that underlie the patho- genes that act in cancer-relevant March 2003. more than 300 research publica- a non-resident Fellow of the Salk Cruz and San Jose State to rank within the top 20 phar- Diagnostics and a vaccine were genesis of colorectal cancer pathways. It led to the discovery tions and reviews, and of the Institute for Biological Studies. University. maceutical companies in world- invented soon afterwards; they using a large collection of col- in 2003 of a 70-gene fingerprint book How to Win the Nobel Prize: wide revenues. He has been have a wide application in clini- orectal cancer cell lines, as well that may predict the recurrence An Unexpected Life in Science. chairman of both BIO and cal and preventive medicine. The as primary tumour material. of breast cancer in certain PhRMA in the United States. He vaccine has been administered patients, improving the accuracy is currently serves on the boards to more than one billion people with which doctors can predict of the Massachusetts Institute of in over 150 national programs how a patient’s cancer will Technology and the California and has resulted in a dramatic progress. Bernards is the head Institute of Technology, the only drop in the infection rate and in of the Division of Molecular person to hold positions on deaths from liver disease due to Carcinogenesis at the Nether- both. Now a venture capitalist HBV including liver cancer. lands Cancer Institute and CSO with Coastview Capital LLC, head- of Agendia. quartered in Los Angeles, Binder retired from Amgen in 2000. 7 1 JOSHUA BOGER BROOK BYERS Joshua Boger is founder, Brook Byers is a venture capital Chairman, President, and CEO investor with Kleiner Perkins of Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Prior Caufield & Byers (KPCB). He has to founding Vertex in 1989, been closely involved with more Boger held the position of Senior than 40 new technology-based Director of Basic Chemistry at ventures, over half of which have Merck Sharp & Dohme Research already become public compa- Laboratories in Rahway, N.J., nies. He formed the first life sci- where he headed both the ences practice group in the ven- Departments of Biophysical ture capital profession in 1984 Chemistry and Medicinal and led KPCB to become a pre- Chemistry of Immunology & 115 11mier venture capital firm in the Inflammation. During his 10 NORMAN BORLAUG DAVID BOTSTEIN HERBERT BOYER SYDNEY BRENNER G. STEVEN BURRILL medical, healthcare, and bio- years at Merck, Boger developed Norman Borlaug is often David Botstein is Director and Herbert Boyer is a pioneer both Sydney Brenner is known for his G. Steven Burrill is CEO of Burrill technology sectors. KPCB has an international reputation as a referred to as the father of the Anthony B. Evnin Professor of in research and industry. In 1973 substantial contributions to the & Company, a South San invested in and helped build leader in the application of com- Green Revolution. Borlaug head- Genomics at the Lewis-Sigler Boyer worked with Stanley field of molecular genetics, Francisco-based life sciences over 90 life sciences companies puter modeling to the chemistry ed a team that developed a Institute for Integrative Gen- Cohen to show that genetically including the identification of merchant bank with over $500 which are developing hundreds of drug design and was a pio- breed of high-yield dwarf wheat omics, Princeton University. He engineered DNA molecules may mRNA, the demonstration that million under management. In of products to treat major under- was as Vice President, Science, be cloned in foreign cells, a tech- the genetic code consists of neer in the use of structure- able to resist an extensive range 2002, Mr. Burrill was recognized served medical needs represent- at Genentech and has chaired nique called recombinant DNA triplets, and the development of based rational drug design as of plant pests and diseases. as the biotech investment ing huge markets in the nearly Stanford University’s Depart- engineering. Their experiments the nematode C. elegans as a Scientific American the basis for drug discovery pro- Their work in the mid-1960s led visionary by $2 trillion healthcare sector. to the introduction of his grain ment of Genetics. Botstein’s marked the beginning of genetic model research organism. His magazine (The Scientific grams. Boger holds a bachelor Brook was the founding Presi- and modern agricultural tech- research has centred on genet- engineering and helped launch work with this roundworm has American 50). He currently of arts in chemistry and philoso- dent and then Chairman of four niques to Mexico, Pakistan, and ics, especially the use of genetic the biotechnology industry, with garnered insights into aging, serves as Chairman of the phy from Wesleyan University biotechnology companies which India; hugely improving the methods to understand biologi- the technique used in medicine nerve cell function, organ devel- Boards of Icoria, Pharmasset, (Connecticut) and a master’s were incubated in KPCB’s offices food-security of these nations. cal functions. Botstein’s current and pharmacology, industry and opment and controlled cell and Pyxis Genomics; and is a RONALD CAPE and doctorate degrees in chem- and went on to become public Ronald Cape was the co-founder For this, Borlaug is credited with research effort is devoted to the agriculture. In 1976, Boyer joined death, and for this he received member of the Boards of istry from Harvard University. companies with an aggregate of Cetus, acting as Chairman of saving over 1 billion lives from study of yeast biology at the venture capitalist Robert the 2002 Nobel Prize. Most Directors of Catalyst Biosciences, His postdoctoral research in market value over $8 billion. the board for 20 years and CEO death by starvation, and was system level. In August 2004, Swanson to create the biotech- recently Brenner has been study- DepoMed, Galapagos Genomics, molecular recognition was per- for 13 years until the company awarded the Nobel Peace Prize the National Institute of General nology firm Genentech. Boyer is ing vertebrate gene and gene Targacept, and Third Wave formed in the laboratories of the merged with Chiron in 1991. He in 1970. Medical Sciences (NIGMS), part currently the chairman of the evolution, researching novel Technologies. Prior to founding Nobel-prize winning chemist, was a founding member of the of the National Institutes of Genentech Foundation for ways to analyse gene sequences Burrill & Company in 1994, he Jean-Marie Lehn in Strasbourg, Biotechnology Industry Organis- Health, announced establish- Biomedical Sciences, and serves and creating a new insight into spent 28 years with Ernst & France. He holds 31 U.S. patents ation (BIO) and served as its ment of a Centre of Excel-lence as Vice-Chairman of the Board of the evolution of vertebrates. Young, directing and coordinat- in pharmaceutical discovery and President for three years. He in Complex Biomedical Systems Directors of Allergan. Brenner is currently ing the firm’s services to clients development. He was named also was the founding Chairman Research at Princeton, headed Distinguished Professor at the in the biotechnology/life sci- one of 40 “Technology Pioneers” of Darwin Molecular Corp., by Botstein. The centre will serve Salk Institute for Biological ences/high technology/manu- worldwide for the 2003 World which was later sold to Chirosci- as the hub, and provide infra- Studies and Adjunct Professor of facturing industries. Economic Forum in Davos, ence. Cape has been an investor structure for, research and teach- Biology at the University of Switzerland. in the field of biotechnology for ing programs at the interface of California, San Diego. several decades and now serves biology and the more quantita- on the Board of Directors of a tive and physical sciences. Brenner’s work with this roundworm number of companies, including Chiroscience and Cogito. He is has garnered insights into aging, nerve on the Board of Trustees of cell function, organ development and research institutes including the Whitehead Institute at MIT. controlled cell death ... 1 THOMAS R. CECH Thomas R. Cech is President of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. In 1982 Tom Cech and his research group announced the discovery of self-splicing RNA provided the first exception to the long-held belief that biological reactions are always catalyzed by proteins. This find- ing that an RNA molecule from Tetrahymena, a single-celled 1 15 1 4 JIMMY CARTER pond organism, cut and rejoined JULIO E. CELIS DAVID CHISWELL DANIEL COHEN STANLEY COHEN FRANCIS S. COLLINS chemical bonds in the complete Jimmy Carter, the 39th President Julio E. Celis is Professor and David Chiswell was a founder of Daniel Cohen led the team of Stanley Cohen is the Kwoh-Ting Francis S. Collins is Director of absence of proteins. Thus RNA of the United States, is an out- Director of the Institute of Cambridge Antibody Technology researchers responsible for gen- Li Professor of Genetics and the National Human Genome was not restricted to being a spoken supporter for the biotech Cancer Biology at the Danish (CAT), one of the premier erating the first physical map- Professor of Medicine at Research Institute (NHGRI) at passive carrier of genetic infor- industry and the founder of The Cancer Society and is generally emerging European biotechnol- ping of the human genome. Stanford University. Cohen and the US National Institutes of mation, but could have an active Carter Centre, dedicated to recognized as on of the founding ogy companies formed in 1990. Whilst working as Scientific his colleague Herbert W. Boyer Health. He oversaw the Human role in cellular metabolism. advancing human rights and fathers of proteomics. Julio Celis He remained responsible for Director of the Centre for the revolutionized the disciplines of Genome Project, an internation- Only years later was it recog- alleviating unnecessary human interest in proteomics started in operational management for 12 Study of Human Polymorphisms biology and chemistry in 1973 al enterprise that finished the nized that RNA catalysts, or suffering. The centre, led by 1973 while at the laboratory of years, serving as CEO from 1996 (CEPH), Cohen conceived and with their discovery of methods human genome sequence in “ribozymes,” might provide a Carter, is committed to fighting molecular biology in Cambridge. to 2002. Since leaving, Chiswell implemented a highly innovative to transplant and clone genes, April 2003. Building upon that new class of highly specific phar- disease and improving quality of His group in Aarhus, introduced has devoted his time to encour- and effective strategy to map the and are the inventors on the success, Collins is leading maceutical agents, able to cleave life through international health the use of protein identification aging the growth of the UK bio- human genome. By December basic patents underlying the NHGRI’s effort to use genomic and thereby inactivate viral programs that focus on infec- techniques to map HeLa cell science industry. He is currently 1993 he was able to announce field of genetic engineering. knowledge to improve human RNAs or other RNAs involved in tious disease control and pre- proteins and developed the first chairman of the BioIndustry that the CEPH had won the race Among Cohen’s awards are the DESIRE COLLEN health. Among other projects, disease. Cech continues Desire Collen, a world-renowned vention, Guinea worm disease protein database in 1981. In the Association (BIA), holds posi- to produce the first physical map National Medal of Science, the his lab is currently searching for research on ribozyme structure expert in cardiovascular disease, eradication, and agricultural early 1980s, the group also laid tions as Chairman of Arrow of the human genome. Cohen National Medal of Technology, genes that contribute to type and on telomerase in his is the founder and CEO of training to multiply crop yields. out foundations for proteomics Therapeutics and as a non-exec- was also a co-founder of the Lasker Award for Basic II diabetes. Collins’ previous Boulder, Colorado laboratory. ThromboGenics, a biopharma- by annotating the databases utive director of Arakis, both UK Millennium Pharmaceuticals. Medical Research, the Wolf Prize research has included the identi- ceutical company dedicated to with information gathered from based biotechnology compa- He has been the Principal in Medicine, the Lemelson-MIT fication of genes responsible the development of innovative applications to problems in nies. He also acts as Scientist at the Paris-based Prize, the Albany Medical Center for cystic fibrosis, neurofibro- pharmaceuticals for the preven- cell biology. Together with J. advisor to several international Genset since 1996. Prize in Medicine and matosis, Huntington’s disease, tion and treatment of vascular Vandekerckhove he later intro- private equity funds. Biomedical Research, and the and more recently multiple diseases. He also directs the duced the use of large scale pro- Shaw Prize in Life Science and endocrine neoplasia type I Molecular and Cardiovascular tein identification using micro- Medicine. He is a member of (MEN1), and most recently, the Medicine Group at University of sequencing. Celis’ group in Daniel Cohen the U.S. National Academy of gene that causes Hutchinson- Leuven, Belgium. Collen’s labo- Copenhagen has pioneered the Sciences, and the National Gilford progeria syndrome, a conceived and ratory was the first to produce use of proteomics to the analysis Inventors Hall of Fame dramatic form of premature clinical supply of tissue plas- of bladder and breast cancer implemented a aging. minogen activator (tPA), one of and introduced the concept of the most effective drugs for discovery-driven translational highly innovative thrombolytic therapy of acute cancer research. and effective myocardial infarction. strategy to map the human genome. 15111 SIR DAVID COOKSEY STANLEY CROOKE ROBERT JOSEPH DOLE K. ERIC DREXLER SIR CHRISTOPHER ANTHONY EVNIN PETER FELLNER Sir David Cooksey has been in Stanley Crooke is Founder, Robert Joseph Dole, political K. Eric Drexler is often described THOMAS EVANS Anthony Evnin is Managing Peter Fellner is executive chair- venture capital fund manage- Chairman and CEO of Isis leader and statesman, was elect- as the father of nanotechnology. Sir Christopher Thomas Evans is General Partner of Venrock man of Vernalis, and chairman ment since 1981 when he found- Pharmaceuticals, a development- ed to the US Senate in 1968 and His theoretical research in this the Founder and Chairman of Associates, where he has worked of the privately held UK biotech- ed Advent Venture Partners. He stage biopharmaceutical compa- served there through 1996. His field has been the basis for Merlin Biosciences. He is since 1974, focusing largely on nology company, Astex Thera- is Managing Partner. Advent ny focused on a new paradigm in distinguished career in the US numerous journal articles and regarded as one of Europe’s biotechnology and related life peutics. He also serves as a invests in early stage companies drug discovery, antisense House and Senate includes, books including Engines of leading biotechnology entrepre- sciences. Evnin serves on the director of UCB, a leading global with outstanding growth oligonucleotides. Since Crooke among many assignments, long Creation and Nanosystems: neurs and has a proven track boards of several public and biopharmaceutical company, prospects in the life sciences, and colleagues founded Isis in standing service as a member of Molecular Machinery, Manufac- record of establishing success- private companies including and of the European biotechnol- information technology and 1989, it has pioneered RNA the House and Senate commit- turing, and Computation. In 1981, ful, high-quality science compa- Memory Pharmaceuticals, Ren- ogy company, Evotec. In addi- telecommunications industries. based drug discovery including tees on agriculture, and Chair, Drexler described an approach nies, eight of which have been ovis, Sunesis Pharmaceuticals, tion he is a director of QinetiQ Previously he worked at De La all mechanisms of antisense Senate Finance Committee. In to implementing productive taken public. Sir Christopher’s and Icagen. He led Venrock´s Group, one of Europe’s largest Rue where he headed an early technology and small molecule 1984, he was elected Senate nanosystems in the Proceedings considerable contributions to investment in Athena Neuro- technology–based companies, management buyout in 1971 of a interactions with RNA, and has majority leader, and thereafter of the National Academy of the biotechnology industry were sciences, Centocor, Genetics CARL FELDBAUM and of Isis Innovation. He is a Carl Feldbaum is the former company which was involved in pioneered a novel infectious dis- served four consecutive Con- Sciences. This paper established honoured with a knighthood in Institute, IDEC Pharmaceuticals, member of the UK Medical leader of the U.S.-based Biotech- medical device manufacturing. ease diagnostic technology gresses as Senate Republican fundamental principles of pro- 2001. Sir Christopher is highly IDEXX Laboratories, and Research Council. He was previ- nology Industry Organisation He was the first Chairman of the called TIGER. Prior to founding leader, until he retired from the tein engineering. Drexler found- regarded for his efforts to Sepracor. Evnin’s previous expe- ously chairman of Celltech (BIO). Feldbaum helped create British Venture Capital Isis, Crooke was President of Senate in 1996 to seek the Rep- ed the Foresight Institute, a non- encourage small business and rience was as a research scien- Group, having served as its CEO BIO in 1993 and was its leader Association in 1983-84. He is R&D for SmithKline Beecham. ublican nomination for the profit organisation focused on entrepreneurship throughout tist and business development from 1990 to 2003. He oversaw for 11 years, steering the organi- currently Chairman of the Prior to joining SKB, Crooke Presidency. In addition to his vig- nanotechnology, and currently the UK and Europe. In addition manager at Story Chemical and its development into the UK’s sation through a period of rapid European Private Equity and helped establish the anticancer orous law practice in the nation’s serves as Chief Technical to being voted Cambridge Union Carbide Corp. Evnin was largest biotechnology company growth and development in the Venture Capital Association for drug discovery and development capital, Dole maintains a strong Advisor to Nanorex, a company Businessman of the Year twice, awarded his PhD in Chemistry until its acquisition in 2004. biotech industry. BIO now repre- 2005/6. In 2003 he chaired the program at Bristol Myers. commitment to public service. developing software for molecu- he has been awarded the BVCA from the Massachusetts Before joining Celltech, Fellner sents over 1,100 companies in UK Biotechnology Innovation lar engineering. He was awarded Cartier Venturer Award for Institute of Technology and also served as CEO of Roche UK, 34 nations, including 850 com- and Growth Taskforce, which a PhD from MIT in Molecular Technology start-ups, the has an A.B. in Chemistry from from 1986 to 1990. panies, academic institutions published its report on the Nanotechnology (the first youngest recipient ever of the Princeton University. and biotech centres in the future of the UK biosciences degree of its kind). SCI Centenary Medal, the RSC United States. Feldbaum retired industry in November 2003. Interdisciplinary Medal, and the from BIO in 2004, hinting at He retired earlier this year as a Henderson Memorial Medal. Director of the Bank of England aspirations to write. where he served for 11 years. Sir Christopher is regarded as one of Europe’s leading biotechnology entrepreneurs ... 1 RICHARD B. FLAVELL FREDERICK FRANK EUGENE GOLDWASSER Richard B. Flavell joined Ceres in Frederick Frank is Vice Chairman Eugene Goldwasser is responsi- 1998 as the CSO. From 1987 to and a Director of Lehman ble for obtaining the first partial 1998, he was the Director of the Brothers. Before joining Lehman amino acid sequence of purified John Innes Centre in Norwich, Brothers as a partner in October, erythropoietin (EPO), a hor- England, a premier plant and 1969, Mr. Frank was co-director mone that stimulates the pro- microbial research institute. He of research, as well as Vice duction of red blood cells, in has published over 190 scientific President and Director, of Smith, 1977. His fundamental contribu- articles, lectured widely and con- Barney & Co. He is a Chartered tions in the identification of EPO tributed significantly to the Financial Analyst, a member of led to its therapeutic use in the development of modern biotech- The New York Society of Security correction of anaemia in nology in agriculture. His Analysts and a past president of patients with chronic kidney research group in the United the Chemical Processing 15 1disease, a landmark achieve- Kingdom was among the very Industry Analysts. In addition to ROBERT C. GALLO WILLIAM H. GATES WALTER GILBERT DAVID V. GOEDDEL ment in the history of renal med- Robert C. Gallo spent 30 years at William (Bill) H. Gates is Walter Gilbert received the 1980 David V. Goeddel is Senior first to successfully clone plant serving as a director of several icine. The drug has improved the the National Cancer Institute of Chairman and Chief Software Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Scientific Vice President at DNA, isolate and sequence plant biotech companies Frank is lives of millions of patients the National Institutes of Health. Architect of Microsoft. He and Paul Berg and Frederick Sanger. Amgen. He joined Amgen when genes, and produce transgenic Chairman of the National worldwide and is currently For over 20 years he was Chief of his wife, Melinda, have endowed it acquired Tularik in 2004 where plants. Flavell is an expert in Genetics Foundation, a director Gilbert and Sanger were recog- undergoing tests for use in the the Laboratory of Tumor Cell a foundation with more than $27 he had served as CEO. From the cereal plant genomics, having of the Salk Institute for nized for their pioneering work treatment of sickle cell anaemia Biology. In 1996 Gallo co-found- billion to support philanthropic late 1970s to the early 1990s, produced the first molecular Biological Studies, a member of in devising methods for deter- and aids. Goldwasser retired in ed and is the director of the initiatives in the areas of global Goeddel’s pioneering work in maps of plant chromosomes to the Board of Governors of the mining the sequence of nuc- 2002, after 47 years at the Institute of Human Virology health and learning, with the gene cloning and expression at reveal the constituent seq- National Centre for Genome leotides in a nucleic acid. Gilbert University of Chicago. (IHV), at the University of hope that in the 21st century, Genentech resulted in five uences. He has been a leader in Resources and Chairman of the was founder and CEO of the Maryland in Baltimore. He is Genentech products, including European plant biotechnology Board of The Irvington Institute advances in these critical areas biotech start-up Biogen, and was also a professor of Medicine and human insulin, growth hormone, initiating and guiding a pan- for Immunological Research. In will be available for all people. its first chairman on the board of of Microbiology in the university’s interferon-alpha, interferon- European organization to manage 1998 Frank was honored for out- The Bill and Melinda Gates directors. He also served as a School of Medicine. Gallo and Foundation has committed more Director of Transkaryotic Thera- gamma and tissue plasminogen ANDREW HAN large EU plant biotechnology standing contributions in the Goldwasser Dr Andrew Han established first his colleagues discovered the than $3.2 billion to organisations pies. Since 1987, he has held the activator. Goeddel has been research programs more effec- field of immunology by the biotech start up (Imagene) in cytokine interleukin-2 (Il-2), the working in global health. The position of Carl M. Loeb Univ- elected to the U.S. National tively. In 1999, Flavell was Irvington Institute, and in 1997, is responsible Korea in 1997 riding the interna- first human retroviruses – name- foundation also supports ersity Professor in the Depart- Academy of Sciences and the named a Commander of the he received the Biotech Meeting tional biotech boom and was a ly the leukemia viruses – HTLV-1 research to develop new tools ment of Molecular and Cellular American Academy of Arts and British Empire for his contribu- at Laguna Niguel Hall of Fame for obtaining catalyst to Korea's biotech com- and 2, human herpes virus 6 for preventing and treating seri- Biology at Harvard University. Sciences. He received his PhD in tions to plant and microbial sci- Award for Special Recognition mercialisation. Currently invol-ved (HHV-6), and codiscovered the ous diseases in developing Gilbert is also Managing biochemistry from the University ences. He is currently an Adjunct for an Individual. the first in commercialisation projects third retrovirus, HIV, developed countries. Director of BioVentures Inves- of Colorado and his BA in chem- Professor in the Department of between Korea and Australia, the HIV blood test, and showed tors, Vice Chairman of the Board istry from the University of Molecular, Cellular and Han has introduced a new HIV was the cause of AIDS. of Directors of Myriad Genetics, California, San Diego. partial amino Developmental Biology at the paradigm to commercialisation Gallo’s motivation stems from and a member of the Board of University of California at Los approach to Korean biotech/ his interest in cancer and new Directors of Memory Pharma- acid sequence Angeles. pharma community. Currently, epidemic diseases as well as the ceuticals. Han is CEO of Solomon fundamentals of disease mecha- of purified Medical, Bio and Gene and nisms. erythropoietin board member of IDRtech. 5 DR. LEROY HOOD Leroy Hood is the President of the Institute for Systems Biology. His research has centered on molecular immunology, cancer, “It is exhilarating to connect biotechnology, and genomics. At California Institute of Technol- ogy, Hood and his colleagues a human disease to my work.” pioneered the DNA gene sequencer and synthesizer, and the protein synthesizer and —Rudolph Jaenisch sequencer, which comprise the 8 1 1 4 technological foundation for RUDOLPH JAENISCH HAR GOBIND KHORANA ARTHUR KORNBERG WILLIAM HASELTINE contemporary molecular biology. WOO SUK HWANG FRANCOIS JACOB Rudolph Jaenisch, a founding Har Gobind Khorana was the Arthur Kornberg received the William Haseltine is Chairman In 1992, Hood moved to the Woo Suk Hwang is a Professor Francois Jacob won the 1965 member of the Whitehead recipient of Nobel Prize for 1959 Nobel Prize for Physiology and CEO of Haseltine Assoc- University of Washington as of Veterinary Medicine at Seoul Nobel Prize in Physiology or Institution at MIT, was the first Medicine and Physiology along or Medicine for discovering the iates and President of the founder and Chairman of Depart- National University, South Medicine along with Andre Lwoff person to put foreign DNA (viral with Marshall Nirenberg and means by which deoxyribonucle- William A. Haseltine Foundation ment of Molecular Biotechnol- Korea. One of the country’s lead- and Jacques Monod for their dis- in this case) into mouse Robert Holley for cracking the ic acid (DNA) molecules are for Medical Sciences and the ogy. In 2000, he co-founded the ing embryonic stem cell (ESC) covery of the genetic control embryos. This eventually led him genetic code. Khorana and his duplicated in the bacterial cell, Arts. He is a professor at The Institute for Systems Biology in and somatic cell nuclear transfer over the production of proteins to mouse developmental biology. team established that the genetic as well as the means for recon- Scripps Research Institute and Seattle, Washington to pioneer (SCNT) scientists, Hwang leads and enzymes. Jacob coined the sits on the board for the Institute One of these virus insertions code is made up of sets of three structing this duplication systems approaches to biology the Department of Theriogenol- term ‘messenger RNA’ with for One World Health. In 1992, happened to knock out a colla- nucleotides, with each set of process in the test tube. He is and medicine. He was awarded ogy and Biotechnology, which Monod to describe the template he founded Human Genome gen gene and the result was a three nucleotides coding for a presently Professor Emeritus at the 2002 Kyoto Prize in focuses on animal cloning and RNA that carried genetic mes- Sciences, serving as its chairman mouse model for a human bone specific amino acid. Khorana Stanford University. He helped Advanced Technology and the human ESCs. He started sages from the DNA to the ribo- and CEO until October 2004. disease. Jaenisch’s recent work was also the first to synthesize discover the chemical reactions BILL HEMBRECHT 1987 Lasker Award for decipher- researching in vitro fertilization somes. Working with Sydney Haseltine founded The Journal of (IVF) and embryo transfer tech- includes the role of DNA methy- oligonucleotides. These custom in the cell that result in the con- In 1968, Bill co-founded ing the mechanism of immune Brenner and Mathew Meselson, AIDS Research and Retrovirology niques to improve financial out- lation in mammalian brain designed pieces of artificial struction of flavine adenine din- Hambrecht & Quist, an invest- diversity. Hood has also played Jacob isolated messenger RNA, and The Journal of Regenerative come of farmers which resulted development and the mecha- genes are widely used in biology ucleotide (FAD) and diphospho- ment banking firm specializing a role in founding numerous bio- the molecule which transcribes Medicine. He has received in “elite” or “high performance” nism of X inactivation and labs for sequencing, cloning pyridine nucleotide (DPN), in emerging high-growth tech- technology companies, includ- the coded information of DNA numerous awards and honors genomic imprinting. His current and engineering new plants coenzymes that are important nology companies. He currently ing Amgen, Applied Biosystems, IVF or SCNT cows that produce and then serves as the template for his research on cancer, work is focused on mouse and animals. Khorana’s current hydrogen-carrying intermedi- serves as a director for numer- Systemix, Darwin, and Rosetta. a larger amount of milk. In 1999, for this information’s translation cloning. Jaenisch developed a research areas include structure- aries in biological oxidations and AIDS, and biotechnology. His ous private and public compa- he was the first Korean scientist into proteins. Jacob has won active business career includes nies including KQED, Inc., San to report the cloning of a numerous other awards and is a conditional knock-out mouse function in rhodopsin and reductions. After elucidating key establishing seven biotechnology Francisco’s public radio and tele- Holstein cow named “Young- member of many honorary soci- model for MECP2, work that protein-protein interactions in steps in the pathways of pyrimi- companies, among them, vision station. Mr. Hambrecht long.” Hwang’s research career eties, including the French began even before the gene dis- amplification and adaptation dine and purine nucleotide syn- Dendreon, Diversa, and Human graduated from Princeton includes the production of Academy of Sciences, the covery connecting Rett syn- among other topics. He contin- thesis, including the discovery of Genome Sciences and participat- University. bovine spongiform enceph- National Academy of Sciences of drome. The mouse model will ues to work as the Alfred P. PRPP as an intermediate, he ing in the formation of another alopathy (BSE)-resistant cows the United States, and the Royal greatly increase understanding Sloan Professor of Biology and found the enzyme that assem- 20, including Medimmune, as a and the cloning of human Society of London. of Rett syndrome and future treat- Chemistry, Emeritus, and Senior bles the building blocks into Healthcare Ventures advisor. embryos, from which stem cells ment options. Says Jaenisch, “It Lecturer at MIT. DNA, named DNA polymerase. were harvested. In May, the team is exhilarating to connect a Since 1991, Kornberg has produced research showing they human disease to my work.” focused on inorganic polyphos- had created stem cell lines that Jaenisch is currently a Professor phate (poly P), a polymer of match the DNA of their patient of Biology at MIT, and member phosphates that is found in every donors’ cells. In August 2005, of the Whitehead Institute. bacterial, plant, and animal cell. Hwang led the team to create the world’s first cloned dog. 5 1 ERIC LANDER ARTHUR LEVINSON Eric Lander is a Member of Arthur Levinson is President Whitehead Institute and Found- and CEO Genentech. Levinson ing Director of the Broad joined the company in 1980 as Institute of MIT and Harvard. a senior scientist and subse- He is also a professor of biology quently held the position of staff at MIT and a professor of sys- scientist and director of the tems biology at Harvard Medical Department of Cell Genetics at School. Lander was a leader of Leder has led pioneering research Genentech. He has been a mem- the international Human Gen- ber of Genentech’s executive ome Project (HGP). Under his in the field of molecular biology ... management team since 1990. leadership, the Whitehead/MIT 1 During his career, Levinson has 3 Centre for Genome Research served on the editorial boards of (which formed the core of the SIR DAVID LANE ROBERT LANGER PHILIP LEDER MARK J. LEVIN DENIS LUCQUIN Sir David Lane is the Director of Philip Leder is the Chair of the Mark J. Levin is presently a Molecular Biology and Medicine, Denis Lucquin, Managing Broad Institute) was responsible Currently the Germeshausen the Cancer Research UK Department of Genetics at member of the Board of Dir- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Partner, joined Sofinnova in for developing many of the key Professor of Chemical Engineer- Transformation Research Group ing at Massachusetts Institute Harvard University. He has led ectors of Millennium Pharma- and Virology as well as on the 1991. Denis began his career in tools of modern mammalian boards of the Pharmaceutical at the University of Dundee, of Technology, Robert Langer pioneering research in the field ceuticals and has served as its academic research. For five genomics and was a leading Research and Manufacturers of where he leads a research team received his B.S. in Chemical of molecular biology, in particu- President and CEO. In 2002, he years, he was in charge of the contributor to the HGP. Lander America (PhRMA), the Biotech- studying human tumour sup- Engineering from Cornell lar immunology and cancer became a peer-appointed mem- technology transfer department is now using the knowledge of nology Industry Organisation pressor gene function. Sir David University (1970) and his Sc.D. research. In 1978 and 1979 Leder ber of the National Academy of at the National Institute for the human genome to find the (BIO), and the California is also the Founder and CSO of in Chemical Engineering from made a number of fundamental Engineers. From 1987 to 1994, Agricultural Research (INRA), causes versus the symptoms of Healthcare Institute. In addition, Cyclacel, a Dundee-based bio- MIT (1974), plus three honorary contributions to the knowledge Levin was a partner at Mayfield France’s agricultural research disease. He has also led the Levinson has authored or co- technology company developing doctorates. Langer is the only and structure of genes in higher Fund, a venture capital firm, and institute. In 1989, he joined the efforts to develop many new authored more than 80 scientific novel drugs for the treatment of active member of all three organisms. His discovery of the co-director of its life science venture capital industry as direc- analytical and laboratory tech- articles. cancer. Sir David is internation- United States National Acad- base sequence of a complete group. While employed at tor of investments at Innolion niques for studying complex emies and has garnered over 80 FU-KUEN LIN ally recognised for his original mammalian gene (the gene for Mayfield, Levin was the founder (Crédit Lyonnais). He carried out Fu-Kuen Lin of Amgen has liter- genetic traits in human, animal, awards and honours, including discovery of the p53 protein betaglobin) enabled him to of several biotechnology and many investments in France and ally energized the lives of people and plant populations and for the Albany Medical Centre Prize SV40 T antigen complex and determine its organisation in biomedical companies, includ- other European countries in on kidney dialysis. Lin spent two creating a molecular taxonomy (2005), the Charles Stark Draper for his many subsequent contri- detail, including its associated ing Cell Genesys, CytoTherape- companies such as Nicox, years working out the process of cancer. These techniques have Prize (2002) and the Gairdner butions to the field and was control signals. In his recent utics, Tularik, and Focal. From Exonhit, IDM, Neurotech, Innate for sequencing the EPO protein been applied to a broad range of Foundation Inter-national Award knighted for his contribution to work Leder has used transgenic 1981 to 1987 he served as the Pharma, Neuro 3D, Oxford and another year to sequence common diseases, including (1996). He has been recognised cancer research in January 2000. mice carrying a single activated manager of process engineering Glycosciences, Oxford Mole- and clone the process using cancer, diabetes, inflammatory by Forbes Magazine as one of the He is co-author with Ed Harlow oncogene to determine how and as a project leader at cular, PPL Therapeutics, Crop Chinese hamster ovary cells. In diseases and many other less 25 most important individuals in of the most successful practical many genetic mutations are nec- Genentech. From 1974 to 1977, Design, Metris Therapeutics, 1983 he was able to isolate the common genetic illnesses. biotechnology in the world, and guide to the use of immuno- Time Magazine has revered him essary for the development of a he served as a biochemical engi- and Ablynx. He sits on the board gene which coded for human chemical methods: The as one of the 100 most impor- cancer cell. Leder continues to neer at Eli Lilly & Co. of many of these companies. EPO from a human donor cell “Antibodies“ manual has sold tant people in America. To date, be one of the foremost research- Denis is also a founder of and then introduced it into a over 40,000 copies. Langer has amassed 380 patents ers in the oncogene field. Association France Biotech. mammalian cell in culture, in the fields of biomedical and cloning the gene that produces chemical engineering, biomateri- EPO. This led to the production als, and controlled drug delivery. of the medicine Epogen® (Epoetin alfa), which has vastly improved the quality of life for people on kidney dialysis. Murdoch’s research team 5 SIR PAUL NURSE Sir Paul Nurse who shared the was the first in the UK to 2001 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, is President of The obtain a licence to clone Rockefeller University. Previously he served as Chief Executive of Cancer Research UK, the largest human embryos for stem cancer research organization outside the United States. Sir Paul’s research includes discov- cell research. eries of molecular mechanisms that regulate the cell cycle. His work, which is fundamental to 1 1 4 SHIN-YOUNG MOON ALISON MURDOCH MARSHALL NIRENBERG understanding growth and dev- STELIOS EDWARD PENHOET CECIL B. PICKETT Shin-Yong Moon is the director Alison Murdoch is the Professor Marshall Nirenberg is the Chief elopment, is also vital to cancer PAPADOPOULOS Edward Penhoet has dedicated Cecil B. Pickett is Senior Vice of the Korean Stem Cell of Reproductive Medicine and of the Laboratory of Biochemical research, because mistakes in Stelios Papadopoulos is a Vice his career to advocating for the President of the Schering-Plough Research Centre and serves as a Head of Department at Genetics at the National Heart, the cell duplication process can Chairman of SG Cowen and as development and discovery of Research Institute, the pharma- Director of ART (Assisted Newcastle University, also chair- Lung and Blood Institute of the contribute to the formation of an investment banker he focuses cures and preventative meas- ceutical research arm of Reproductive Technology), man of the British Fertility National Institutes of Health. He tumors. Sir Paul joined the on the biotechnology and phar- ures for many life threatening- Schering-Plough. Pickett was where his genetics laboratories Society. Murdoch has spent the received the 1968 Nobel Prize in Imperial Cancer Research Fund maceutical sectors. Prior to join- diseases. He is currently the appointed to his present posi- research interests include new last 15 years specialising in fertil- Medicine/Physiology for his (ICRF) in 1984, and in 1988 he ing SG Cowen, he spent 13 years President of the Gordon and tion in March 2002. He joined culture technique of human ity treatment after initially train- translation of the genetic code moved to Oxford University to as an investment banker at Betty Moore Foundation which Schering-Plough Research Inst- embryos, adhesion molecules ing as a consultant gynaecolo- and its function in protein syn- chair the Microbiology Depart- PaineWebber, where he was most is dedicated to improving the itute in 1993, and most recently and implantation, and prenatal gist. Founding the Department thesis. Nirenberg and his ment. Sir Paul returned to the recently Chairman of Paine- quality of life for future genera- was Executive Vice President, genetic diagnosis. He also of Reproductive Medicine at the coworkers deciphered the genetic Webber Development, a Paine- tions through science, education Discovery Research, responsible 1 ICRF as director of research in played a central role in the devel- Newcastle Fertility Centre in code and he helped established 1993, and in 1996 he was Webber subsidiary focusing on and environmental conserva- for the planning, management opment of CHIPS (chromosome KARY MULLIS 1991, Murdoch has directed it’s many clonal lines of mouse neu- biotechnology. Before coming to tion. Penhoet develops and and oversight of Schering- Kary Mullis is the inventor of appointed director general. Sir imaging processing system) and growth and development into roblastoma cells. He created a Paul was knighted in 1999. Today Wall Street, Papadopoulos was manages the Foundation’s Plough’s new drug discovery FISH (fluorescence in-situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the leading fertility centre in the neuroblastoma-glioma somatic on the faculty of the Department grantmaking strategies and ini- programs across all therapeutic a vital technique for the amplifica- at Rockefeller, while serving as hybridization) analyzing system. northeast of England and hybrid cell line that expresses President, he is also a professor of Cell Biology at New York tiatives in the fields of scientific areas, and for coordinating Moon led a group of researchers tion of specified sequences of beyond. Her research team was abundant opiate receptors which University Medical Center. He research and higher education. those programs with other DNA. The process enables scien- and head of the Laboratory of who in 2004 were the first to the first in the UK to obtain a is used as a model system to Yeast Genetics and Cell Biology. continues his affiliation with In 1999, Penhoet cofounded research and commercial successfully clone human tists to synthesize billions of licence to clone human embryos explore the mechanism of opiate NYU Medical Center as an Renovis, a biotech firm working components. Pickett came embryos and derive a stem cell copies of a specific DNA strand for stem cell research. In addi- dependence. Nirenberg and col- adjunct associate professor of on the growth and regeneration to Schering-Plough Research line from one of those cloned. in a matter of hours, allowing tion she is currently Chairman of leagues discovered and charac- cell biology. Papadopoulos is a of nerves. In 1981, he cofounded Institute from Merck Research The Korean researchers showed indepth study of the selected area. the British Fertility Society and is terized Drosophila and mouse cofounder and Chairman of Chiron and served as its CEO Laboratories, where he served as they had perfected the cloning PCR is used in many areas of sci- leading the department into homeobox genes. Current stud- the Board of Exelixis, and he is until 1998. Senior Vice President, basic technique of somatic cell nuclear ence, from molecular biology to increasingly important areas of ies focus on determining how a a cofounder and member of research. transfer. forensics and palaeontology. research both regionally and pattern of neuroblasts that the boards of CellZome and Mullis received a Nobel Prize for nationally. express the vnd-NK-2 gene is Anadys Pharmaceuticals. He is his work in 1993. And holds sever- formed in the central nervous also a member of the Board of al major patents; his most recent system. Directors of GenVec, Structural patent application covers a revo- GenomiX, and Beyond Genomics. lutionary approach for instantly mobilizing the immune system to neutralize invading pathogens and toxins, leading to the formation of his latest venture, Altermune LLC. 5 1 GEORGE B. RATHMANN ALLEN ROSES WILLIAM RUTTER George B. Rathmann is Allen Roses is Senior Vice William Rutter, cofounder of acclaimed as a founding father President, Genetics Research, at Chiron, is a renowned scientist, of modern biotechnology and GlaxoSmithKline. He was one academic, and corporate leader. pioneer of the biotechnology of the first clinical neurologists He is recognised for his role in industry. He was the cofounder to apply molecular genetic helping to create the biotechnol- of Amgen, Inc, serving as strategies to neurological dis- ogy industry and for his interest Chairman, President and CEO eases. His laboratory at Duke in shaping that industry to serve from its inception in 1980 to University Medical Center society. In 1969 Rutter joined the 1988, and as chairman from reported the chromosomal loca- biochemistry faculty of the 1988 to 1990. Rathmann is tion for more than 15 diseases, University of California, San known for his contributions to including several muscular dys- Francisco, serving as chairman 61 the development of Epogen, the 1 trophies. He led the team that from 1972. Rutter served as INGO POTRYKUS C. S. PRAKASH DENNIS J. PURCELL development of numerous tests ANDY RICHARDS CYNTHIA identified a form of the APOE director of the Hormone Ingo Potrykus is Professor C.S. Prakish got into biotechnol- Dennis J. Purcell is Senior to detect pregnancy and certain Andy Richards is a serial bio- ROBBINS-ROTH gene as a susceptibility gene in Research Institute at UCSF from Emeritus of Plant Sciences, ogy research because he saw it Managing Director of the diseases in early stages; and technology company creator Cynthia Robbins-Roth, the late-onset Alzheimer disease. 1983 to 1989. He is currently the at the Max Planck Institute of as a future of biology–especially Perseus-Soros BioPharmaceut- the development of Scotchgard, and business angel investor. founder of BioVenture Publish- His work has greatly contributed Chairman and CEO of Syner- Plant Sciences and has contrib- plant–breeding and was encour- ical Fund (PSBF). He is respon- one of 3M’s most successful He is currently a director of ing and BioVenture Consultants, to understanding of susceptibil- genics, an advisory firm to start- uted to food security in develop- aged by the success of green rev- sible for the overall management products. Rathmann is currently Vectura, Biowisdom, Daniolabs, has been part of the biotechnol- ity genes in the epidemiology of up biotechnology companies. ing countries. Focusing on olution in India where he grew of the fund, which is dedicated Chairman of Nuvelo, a company Theradeas, CRT (a commercial ogy industry since 1981. A fre- many common diseases. He has development and application of up. Prakash believes that genetic to making private equity invest- formed by the merger of arm of CRUK) and Babraham quent speaker on issues and discovered genes for more than genetic engineering technology engineering will help the human- ments in the life sciences indus- Hyseq Pharmaceuticals and Bioscience Technology. He was events affecting the industry, she a dozen other diseases. At GSK, for crops such as rice (Oryza ity and help enhance the quality try. Prior to joining PSBF, Purcell Varigenics. Rathmann founded a founder of Chiroscience in combines a technical back- Roses has continued to expand sativa), wheat (Triticum aes- of life for all. He has spent the served as Managing Director ICOS in 1990 and served as its 1992 and an executive director ground with extensive experi- the support of clinical research tivum), sorghum (Sorghum bicol- past five years intensively on and Head of Life Sciences Chairman until January, 2000. through to the 1999 merger with ence in the business and finance and access of academic investi- or), and cassava (Manihot escu- biotechnology education and Investment Banking Group at Celltech and was a founder of issues that drive this growing gators to new technologies like . Potrykus researched the outreach. lenta) Hambrecht & Quist (now J.P. Arakis and a director through to sector. Robbins-Roth has been a interactive proteomics, single problems areas of disease and Morgan H&Q). He was honored the Sosei acquisition in August consultant to the Bioscience nucleotide polymorphism’s pest-resistance. He is consid- in the “Biotech Hall of Fame” by 2005. He has also been a Industry since 1986; her clients (SNPs) linkage mapping, and ered the inventor of “Golden Genetic Engineering News in June founder and/or director of Aston include major venture capital whole genome SNPs mapping. Rice” and is chairman of Hum- 1998 and named to the Molecules, Cambridge Biotech- firms, established pharmaceutical anitarian Golden Rice Board and Biotechnology All-Stars list by nology, Amedis and Sirus all of companies, and early-stage bio- Network. A recipient of numer- Forbes ASAP in May 1999. Prior which were successfully sold. techs. Robbins-Roth founded ous awards, Potrykus is a mem- to joining Hambrecht & Quist, Prior to Chiroscience he was at BioVenture Publishing, which ber of the Academia Europaea, Mr. Purcell was a Managing ICI (now Zeneca) and PA produced BioVenture View, a the World Technology Network, Director in the Healthcare Consulting. He is a Cambridge monthly newsletter covering key and the Swiss Academy of Group at PaineWebber. graduate with a PhD in Enzyme business and product develop- Technical Sciences. Chemistry. He is a founder ments, and Biopeople Magazine, member of the Cambridge the first biotech industry busi- Angels, a founder investor in ness magazine. She was the LibraryHouse. founding Editor-in-Chief of BioWorld Publications, the first daily biotechnology news and information service.

Potrykus is considered the inventor of “Golden Rice” 1 FREDERICK SANGER KAROL SIKORA HENRI A. TERMEER Frederick Sanger and his col- Karol Sikora is Professor of Henri A. Termeer is Chairman leagues developed many of the Cancer Medicine and honorary and CEO of Genzyme. Under his techniques still used in genomic Consultant Oncologist at leadership, Genzyme has grown biology to this day. The funda- Imperial College School of from a entrepreneurial venture mental method of ‘reading’ DNA Medicine, Hammersmith into one of the world’s top using special bases called chain Hospital, London where he was five biotechnology companies. terminators, the use of very thin Clinical Director of Cancer Termeer is renowned worldwide gel systems, the adaptation of Services for 12 years. He is for his contributions to the efficient cloning methods to pro- Scientific Director of Medical biotechnology industry and par- duce both DNA strands and the Solutions, Britain’s leading can- ticularly noted for his expertise whole-genome shotgun were all cer diagnostic company and in financing new initiatives. His 1 developed by Sanger and his Special Adviser to HCA 1 innovative approaches have ROGER SALQUIST group during the 1970s. Sanger HUBERT SCHOEMAKER HELMUT M. SCHÜHSLER JAMES SHAPIRO International in the creation of SIR EDWIN SOUTHERN earned Genzyme the Laguna A founding partner of Bay City is the only chemist to have Hubert Schoemaker co-founded Helmut M. Schühsler is manag- James Shapiro is the Director of the London Cancer Group This Sir Edwin Southern moved to Niguel Best of Biotech award in Capital, a San Francisco-based received two Nobel Prizes in Centocor with entrepreneur ing partner of the Life Science the Clinical Islet Transplant includes the construction of a Oxford in 1985 to take up the 1991 and 1994, as well as the merchant bank, Roger Salquist Chemistry, the first as the sole Michael Wall in 1979. He served team at Techno Venture Man- Program at the University of major new international cancer post of the Whitley Professor- Laguna Niguel Hall of Fame focused on securing first and recipient in 1958 for his work on as Chairman of its Board of agement, a German-US venture Alberta in Edmonton, Canada. centre for care, teaching and ship of Biochemistry, a position Award in 1997. In 2002, Termeer second round financing and the structure of proteins, espe- Directors until 1999. When capital company. He has been He has led the clinical islet research in London at the Harley he still holds, and in 1988 intro- was elected as Chairman of the investment for more than 30 life transplant program since he duced methods of analysis using cially that of insulin, and the sec- Centocor was acquired by responsible for over 20 TVM St. Clinic with joint ventures with Board of the New England sciences companies. Prior to joined the faculty in 1997, and it oligonucleotide arrays or ‘DNA ond in 1980, shared with Paul Johnson & Johnson, He founded investments in life science com- five major NHS Cancer Centres. Healthcare Institute (NEHI). founding Bay City Capital, was his key contributions that Chips’. He founded Oxford Gene Berg and Walter Gilbert, for con- Neuronyx, which is focused panies, and has since 1990 He has recently been appointed Prior to joining Genzyme, Salquist was, for 12 years, the on discovering, developing and served on various committees, led to the development of the Technology in 1995 to commer- tributions concerning the deter- Dean of Britain’s first independ- Termeer held various manage- Chairman and CEO of Calgene, a delivering new medicines by among others as a member “Edmonton Protocol.” He is the cialise his work in the areas of mination of base sequences in ent Medical School at the ment positions over a 10-year Davis, Calif.-based agribusiness leveraging the ability of adult of the Senate of the Hermann principle investigator on an DNA microarrays. Prior to this nucleic acids. Sanger also devel- Universities of Brunel and period at Baxter Travenol (now biotechnology company, until it bone marrow-derived stem cells von Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft international multi-centre study Sir Edwin was Associate Director oped the whole-genome shot- Buckingham. Baxter International), including was acquired by Monsanto in to repair, regenerate and remod- Deutscher Forschungszentren to further evaluate the of the MRC Clinical and gun method. He retired in 1985 Executive Vice President of 1996. He has also served as el tissue in acute and chronic (HGF). Currently he is a board ‘Edmonton Protocol’ initiated in Population Cytogenetics Unit, and spends most of his time Baxter’s Hyland Therapeutics chairman of the California disease settings. As chairman member at the following life sci- the United States by a grant where, in 1979 he set up the first working in his garden. Division and General Manager Industrial Biotechnology Assoc- of Centocor, he shepherded ence companies: Curacyte, from the Immune Tolerance project to map the human of Travenol in Germany. iation and was founding chair- the firm through setbacks and Develogen, Ingenium Pharma- Network (ITN). This study genome using molecular meth- man of the Biotechnology ceuticals, Intercell, Morpho- involves centres in the U.S. ods. Between 1967 and 1979 he Industry Association’s Food and chem, and SelectX. Schühsler Canada, Switzerland, Germany worked in the MRC Mammalian Agriculture Division. He is the Sanger is the only chemist to have also is a member of the and Italy. Shapiro and the Islet Genome Unit in Edinburgh current Chairman of the Board received two Nobel Prizes in Chemistry Supervisory Board of the Transplantation Group were where he initiated some of the of University of California, Davis, European Venture Capital and awarded the ‘Outstanding earliest DNA sequencing. Sir CONNECT and serves on the Private Equity Association Leadership in Alberta Science Edwin received a knighthood for advisory board of the Friday successes of drug approvals (EVCA), and a board member of Award’ from the Alberta Science services to the development of Harbor Laboratories of the such as US Food & Drug Garching Innovation. Prior to and Technology Foundation DNA technology in 2003. Sir University of Washington. Administration approval of TVM, he was an investment (ASTech) in October 2000. Edwin also founded a charity ReoPro, a drug to reduce heart manager at Horizonte Venture The Kirkhouse Trust to promote attacks in patients who have had Management in Vienna. education and research in the angioplasty, and approveal of natural sciences. This charity Remicade for Crohn’s disease is financed using royalty income and rheumatoid arthritis. from licensing microarray technology. 5 4 SUSUMU TONEGAWA AXEL ULLRICH J. CRAIG VENTER Susumu Tonegawa received the Axel Ullrich is Director of the J. Craig Venter is founder and Nobel Prize for Physiology or Max Planck Institute for president of the J. Craig Venter Medicine in 1987 for his discov- Biochemistry. A globally Institute and the J. Craig Venter ery of the genetic principle for renowned scientist whose con- Science Foundation. The Venter generation of antibody diversity. tributions to academia and the Institute conducts basic Although he received the Nobel biotech industry are widely rec- research that advances the sci- Prize for his work in immunology, ognized, Ullrich has been active- ence of genomics; specializes in Tonegawa is a molecular biolo- ly involved in application-orient- high volume genome sequenc- gist by training. In his later years, ed gene technology-based ing, and explores the ethical and he has turned his attention to research and the development of policy implications of genomic the molecular and cellular basis discoveries. The Venter Science 11 the biotech industry in the US 1 of memory formation. In 1981, and Germany for the last 25 Foundation supports both the he became a professor at the ALAN TROUNSON ROGER TSIEN THOMAS TUSCHL MARC VAN MONTAGU HAROLD VARMUS Venter Institute and The Alan Trounson’s research during Roger Tsien is Professor of Thomas Tuschl is Associate years. As a postdoctoral fellow at Marc Van Montagu is Chairman Harold Varmus, former director Massachusetts Institute of Institute for Genomic Research the late 1970s established IVF Pharmacology at the University Professor and Head of the the University of California in of the Institute Plant Biotech- of the National Institutes of Technology, where he is still (TIGR), an affiliated research as a practical and repeatable of California, San Diego, School Laboratory for RNA Molecular San Francisco (1975-1978) he nology for Developing Countries. Health (NIH) and co-recipient of based as Picower Professor of laid the groundwork for the first organization led by Claire M. method for the treatment of of Medicine and Professor of Biology at Rockefeller University. Marc Van Montagu was formerly a Nobel prize for studies of the Biology and Neuroscience and gene technology-based thera- Fraser. Venter founded TIGR in human infertility that was adopted Chemistry and Biochemistry at His work on manipulation of Full Professor and Head of the genetic basis of cancer, currently a Howard Hughes Medical peutic product by cloning the 1992. While on faculty at the worldwide. Trounson presently the University of California, San RNAi in the nematode C. elegans Laboratory of Genetics at the serves as the president and CEO Institute investigator. first medically relevant gene National Institutes of Health, leads the Monash University’s Diego. Tsien designed many created a technique that is used University of Gent (Belgium) of the Memorial Sloan-Kettering encoding Proinsulin. As one of Venter developed expressed IVF scientific team. His work in highly informative fluorescent by labs to investigate the func- and part-time professor at the Cancer Center in New York City. the leading scientists in sequence tags or EST’s, a revolu- devising culture methods for fer- reporters of signaling and gene tion of individual genes. He is Free University of Brussels Much of his scientific work was Genentech, Ullrich acquired in tionary new strategy for discov- tilization and the early develop- expression in live cells and has now studying the regulatory (VUB). His main fields of conducted during 23 years as a depth research management ering genes. While at TIGR ment of the IVF embryo, resulted creatively used them to elucidate functions of RNA. These include research are cell biology, chem- faculty member at the University experience and was instrumental Venter’s team decoded the in the birth of normal IVF babies fundamental mechanisms of cal- RNA interference, the control of istry, virology, biotechnology, of California, San Francisco, in the development of the first genome of the first free-living for many couples. Trounson also cium signaling and synaptic protein synthesis by microRNA engineering, and microbiology. where Varmus and colleagues recombinant DNA-based thera- organism, the bacterium developed freezing techniques plasticity. These fluorescent (miRNA)—which were discov- He is well known (with Prof. demonstrated the cellular ori- Trounson developed peutic protein, human insulin Haemophilus influenzae, pioneer- that would avoid discarding any probes make possible a wide ered by Tuschl, and RNA-guided Jeff Schell) as the inventor of gins of the oncogene of a chick- (Humulin) and the first target- ing the new whole genome shot- freezing techniques embryos or transferring too range of high-throughput modifications to chromatin. Agrobacterium tumefaciens trans- en retrovirus. For this work specific anti-oncoprotein thera- gun technique. In 1998, Venter that would avoid dis- many embryos to a woman. He screening assays and explo- Tuschl’s current projects include formation technology, now used Varmus received the 1989 Nobel peutic for the treatment of became the first president of also showed that successful IVF rations of cell function. Tsien has developing sensitive techniques worldwide to produce genetically Prize in Physiology or Medicine carding any embryos breast cancer, Herceptin. Ullrich Celera Genomics to sequence births could result from the won a number of awards for his to detect where and when cells engineered plants. Having con- along with J. Michael Bishop. In is the founder of two successful the human genome using the or transferring too donation of oocytes to women work including the recent 2002 express miRNAs, studying the tributed to founding the Belgian 1993, Varmus was named by biotech companies Sugen and whole genome shotgun tech- without functioning ovaries and Heineken Prize for his work on biological functions of miRNAs, biotech company Plant Genetics President Bill Clinton to serve as many embryos to Axxima. nique, new mathematical algo- that embryo donation could green fluorescent protein. Tsien and identifying the miRNAs that Systems, he was its Scientific the Director of the NIH, a posi- rithms, and new automated a woman. allow older women to success- human cells express at specific Director for four years and a is a co-founder of Senomyx, a tion he held until his appoint- DNA sequencing machines. In fully give birth. He was awarded stages of development and in Member of its Board of biotechnology company using ment as CEO of the Memorial 2003, Venter launched a global a Personal Chair at Monash specific tissues. Tuschl is also Directors. proprietary taste receptor-based Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. expedition to obtain and study University in 1991 and has exploring the links between RNA assays and screening technolo- microbes from environments received numerous medals and silencing and genetic disorders gies to discover and develop ranging from the world’s oceans awards for his contributions to such as fragile X syndrome, the novel flavor enhancers and taste to urban centres. medical research, including the modulators for the packaged most common genetic cause of Wellcome Australia Award in food and beverage industry. mental impairment, as well as 1992, the British Fertility Society certain cancers. Patrick Steptoe Memorial Medal in 1994 and Singapore’s Benjamin Henry Sheares Medal in O&G in 1995. 5 ALAN WALTON IAN WILMUT ROLF ZINKERNAGEL Alan Walton is Chairman of Ian Wilmut is a embryologist at Rolf Zinkernagel received the Oxford Bioscience, the operating the Roslin Institute and in 1996 Nobel Prize for Physiology or arm of Oxford Bioscience was the first to clone a mammal, Medicine in 1996, for discover- Partners, a venture partnership a Finn Dorset lamb named Dolly, ing how the immune system investing in life science compa- from fully differentiated adult recognises virus-infected cells. nies, particularly biotechnology. mammary cells. Wilmut’s work, His background includes medi- The Partnership manages $850 published in 1997, pushed the cine, microbiology, physiology, million and has about 80 concept of cloning into the news pathology, and immunopathol- companies in its portfolio. and public debate. Wilmut and ogy. He is currently a Professor Previously, he was President cell cycle biologist Keith and Head of the Institute of and CEO of University Genetics, Campbell Campbell pioneered a Experimental Immunology, 11 1 Department of Pathology at the BERT VOGELSTEIN a public biotechnology company JAMES WATSON the technique of starving embryo SIR GREGORY WINTER ALEJANDRO ZAFFARONI JIANHONG ZHU involved in technology transfer cells before transferring their University of Zurich. Zinkernagel Bert Vogelstein was the first to James Watson is best known for Sir Gregory Winter is Head of Alejandro Zaffaroni’s distin- Jianhong Zhu is the Professor and seed investments in nucleus to fertilized egg cells. specializes in infectious dis- elucidate the molecular basis of his discovery of the structure of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chem- guished career in the health sci- of Neurosurgery at Fudan university-related projects. Prior Wilmut and Campbell continued eases and immunopathology. a common human cancer. His DNA for which he shared with istry at the MRC Laboratory of ences has spanned nearly five University Huashan Hospital to University Genetics, he taught their studies, and in 1997 creat- Over the past few years he has work on colorectal cancers Francis Crick and Maurice Molecular Biology in Cambridge, decades. During his 50 year and the Deputy Director of at several prestigious institu- ed Polly, a sheep cloned from been actively promoting public forms the paradigm for much of Wilkins the 1962 Nobel Prize in UK. He has worked at this labo- career as a scientist and entre- National Key Laboratory for tions including Harvard Medical fetal skin cells that had been understanding of gene technol- modern cancer research, with Physiology and Medicine. In ratory for more than 30 years, preneur, Zaffaroni helped to Medical Neurobiology in Fudan School, Indiana University and genetically altered to contain a ogy, animal experiments, and profound implications for diag- 1968, Watson became Director and is a pioneer of the science transform the pharmaceutical University Shanghai Medical Case Western Reserve where he human gene. Wilmut, who science in general. nostic and therapeutic strategies of Cold Spring Harbor and application of protein and industry. His novel methods for College. He led the first team to was Professor of Macromolecu- states that he sees no reason for in the future. He has received Laboratory and steered the labo- antibody engineering. He is a controlled drug delivery have successfully grow human brain lar Science and Director of the pursuit of the first cloning of numerous awards recognizing ratory into the field of tumor prolific inventor, in particular of improved medical therapy cells in the laboratory, and used the Laboratory for Biological a human, conducts his research this work and is a member of the virology. In addition to the high- “humanized antibodies” by CDR- throughout the world. Through a these to repair the damaged Macromolecules. In addition to with the hopes of producing ani- U.S. National Academy of level research on cancer, plant grafting and of human antibod- combination of scientific creativ- brains of head-injury victims. serving as the author of more mals that act as manufacturing Sciences. Vogelstein is currently molecular biology, and cell bio- ies by selection from combinato- ity and entrepreneurial insight The breakthrough brings new than 130 scientific articles, books plants for valuable human pro- the Clayton Professor of chemistry, the laboratory func- rial antibody repertories: most and drive, he created new bio- hope in the search for therapies and chapters, Walton holds teins, which are costly and diffi- Oncology & Pathology at the tions as a postgraduate university therapeutic antibodies on the chemical processes, drug deliv- not only for accident victims but Zhu led the first team patents in the fields of molecular cult to produce in large amounts Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive on DNA science. In 1989 he was market utilize his inventions. He ery technologies—most signifi- also for those suffering the biology and biotechnology. elsewhere. Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins appointed Director of the is a co-founder of two antibody cantly, the birth control pill, effects of strokes, Alzheimer’s, Walton was a founder of Human to successfully grow and a Howard Hughes Medical National Centre for Human biotech start-ups (Cambridge transdermal patches and once-a- Parkinson’s and a range of other Genome Sciences and Gene- Institute investigator. Genome Research. In 1992, Antibody Technology and day pills—and pioneered the degenerative conditions. Zhu is Logic and is the Founding Watson resigned his position at Domantis), and currently serves development of new biomedical the recipient of an Alexander von human brain cells in Chairman of the Biotechnology NCHGR after successfully as a Director and Chairman of industries. Zaffroni has founded Humboldt fellowship and a Venture Investors Group. launching a worldwide effort to the Scientific Advisory Board of several companies including Cheung Kong Professorship the laboratory ... map and sequence the human Domantis. ALZA, Affymax, and Affymetrix. from the National Education genome. Watson assumed the He is currently the CEO of Symyx Minister. He has been a visiting position of the President of the and Maxygen. professor of neurosurgery Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory at Benjamin Franklin-Medical in 1994. He has received numer- Centre, Free-University Berlin. ous honorary degrees and has Zhu serves on the executive published five books. committee as the current treas- urer for Asia-Australiasian Society of Neurological Surgery. produced by

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