Key Stage 3 Their conclusions were built on by later scientists, and gradually the understanding of DNA developed. DNA Discoveries Are scientists still researching DNA?

Student worksheet Yes! All of the DNA in a human nucleus is called the genome. In What makes you, you? 2003, scientists finished an important project, the Human Genome Project, which deciphered the whole DNA code. The simple answer is DNA. This is a chemical Scientists around the world are using this information to work found in the nucleus of your cells. It is a code out what each section, called a gene, does. We now know the that tells your cells what proteins to make. genes that cause inherited diseases, can clone whole mammals These proteins are what give you your and even build artificial cells by creating new genomes. characteristics such as eye colour, blood group and if you have curly or straight hair. Your task

You inherited your DNA from your parents - You are going to create a banner for your classroom that charts half from your father and half from your the timeline of DNA discoveries. mother, when an egg was fertilised by a 1. Work in a group of 2-4. sperm. This fertilised egg, which contained 2. Each group will be given one scientist to research, and some your unique DNA, divided to form the millions useful websites. of cells that make up you. 3. Fill in the information on your piece of DNA. How do we know all this? 4. When the timeline is complete, work as a class to put it in the correct order. Humans have always known that we looked a bit like each of our parents but it wasn't until the second half of the 20th century that we knew why. Scientists throughout history have done experiments, gathered evidence and drawn conclusions.

https://www.oxfordsparks.ox.ac.uk/content/how-read-dna Key Stage 3 DNA Discoveries

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https://www.oxfordsparks.ox.ac.uk/content/how-read-dna Key Stage 3

DNA Discoveries

DNA scientists

Name of scientist: Mary-Claire King Name of scientist: Gregor Mendel

Useful websites: DNA timeline: goo.gl/SxS2Yz Useful websites: DNA timeline: goo.gl/8AD2qM Video clip: goo.gl/3Ecpwv

Name of scientist: Friedrich Miescher Name of scientist: Frederick Sanger

Useful websites: DNA timeline: goo.gl/8AD2qM Useful websites: DNA timeline: goo.gl/SxS2Yz More information: goo.gl/pBTrJu

Name of scientist: Rosalind Franklin Name of scientist: Erwin Chargraff

Useful websites: DNA timeline: goo.gl/8AD2qM Useful websites: DNA timeline: goo.gl/SxS2Yz

Name of scientist: Har Gobind Khorana Name of scientists: James Watson and Francis Crick

Useful websites: Obituary: goo.gl/wqJEnU Useful websites: DNA timeline: goo.gl/SxS2Yz

www.oxfordsparks.ox.ac.uk/content/how-read-dna