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View Full Article Approaches to assessment of energy security in the region (by the example of Chelyabinsk oblast) BRANCH-WISE AND REGIONAL ECONOMY UDC 620.9(470.55) © Vorobyov A.G., Myakota Е.А., Putilov А.V. Approaches to assessment of energy security in the region (by the example of the Chelyabinsk oblast) The article presents the results of analysis of key aspects of economic activity in the Chelyabinsk oblast by the example of assessment of energy security in the region. The article shows its dependence on individual elements of the fuel and energy complex. The authors calculated indicators of energy security and identified possible solutions of problems related to the potential threat to energy security in the region. Energy security, energy system, economic analysis, fuel and energy complex, innovative technology. Alexander G. VOROBYOV Professor, Doctor of Economics the Head of the Department of Economics National Nuclear Research University MEPHI [email protected] Ekaterina А. MYAKOTA Senior Lecturer, Department of Economics NNRU MEPHI [email protected] Alexander V. PUTILOV Professor, Doctor of Technics Dean of the Management and Economics Department of High Technology at NNRU MEPHI [email protected] Energy security in the region is the most The Chelyabinsk oblast was selected for the important economic aspect of the market initial analysis of approaches to economic conditions, when different types of energy assessment of the regional energy security. This markets are appeared, the government regulates article is the first attempt of economic analysis the tariffs and there are seasonal and other of regional problems by the example of energy. fluctuations in energy consumption. Such researches will be continued. In future we 62 4 (12) 2010 Economical and social changes: facts, trends, forecast BRANCH-WISE AND REGIONAL ECONOMY A.G. Vorobyov, Е.А. Myakota, А.V. Putilov plan to refine approaches to assessment of The Chelyabinsk oblast is a scarce energy energy security in the region and develop region, i.e. production volume of its own specific economic recommendations. resources is insufficient to meet the needs. The 1. Characteristics of energy situation main source of the vast majority of energy in the region resources (FER) is the external supply from the The Chelyabinsk oblast is one of the largest other regions (fig. 1). economic players in the Russian Federation. This situation is dangerous for energy Here the economical level, as in the whole economy of the Chelyabinsk oblast; it threatens Southern Urals, determines the significant energy security in the region. industrial potential, which contains the The fuel and energy complex of the region metallurgical, machine building, military is presented by facilities of power industry, coal industrial and nuclear facilities. Stable mining, a system of longhaul gas and oil operation of these enterprises is possible if there delivery ducts (fig. 2, 3). will be a powerful and dynamic fuel and energy Characteristics of the major energy capacities complex (FEC). The fuel and energy complex of the Chelyabinsk oblast is the most significant component of the energy Troitskaya State District Power Station supply system in regional economy, the sustainable functioning of which is the major (SDPS) is the largest source of electric power factor of energy security. Ensuring of energy generation in Chelyabinsk oblast. Installed security in the region involves determining of capacity: electric – 2059 MW, heat – 315 Gcal/h. the effective use of energy resources and •The station is included in the united industrial potential of FEC in different ways of system of the Urals; it is located in the area of development of regional economy, including power interchange Ekaterinburg – Chelya the terms of possible restrictions on foreign binsk – Magnitogorsk and on the line of direct supplies of resources. deliveries to Northern Kazakhstan. Figure 1. Production and consumption of fuel and energy resources in the Chelyabinsk oblast in 2009 (according to the Federal State Statistics Service) 381.4 Coal 11846.9 0 Gas 16984.7 0 Oil 8.4 37.7 Other fuels 38.7 419.1 Natural fuel, total 28878.7 11091.3 Products of fuel processing 11533.7 8886.6 Side energy resources 8886.6 9613 Electric power 12188.3 Heat energy 7556.9 7065.7 28680.3 Fuel and energy resources, total 68553 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 Consumption of fuel and energy resources Production of fuel and energy resources Economical and social changes: facts, trends, forecast 4 (12) 2010 63 Approaches to assessment of energy security in the region (by the example of Chelyabinsk oblast) Figure 2. The main objects of the fuel and energy complex in the Chelyabinsk oblast Symbols: Heat power plant Coal mine/cut Figure 3. Trunk pipelines located in the Chelyabinsk oblast Symbols: Oil pipeline Gas pipeline Pipeline 64 4 (12) 2010 Economical and social changes: facts, trends, forecast BRANCH-WISE AND REGIONAL ECONOMY A.G. Vorobyov, Е.А. Myakota, А.V. Putilov •The main type of fuel – Ekibastuz coal. •It is the main source of electricity and heat •There are such consumers of electricity for the village of Novogorny, the town of Ozersk and heat power of SDPS as OJSC “Chelyabinsk and the chemical plant “Mayak” 13. Electrometallurgical Plant”, LLC “Magnito •Chelyabinsk CHPP1. Installed capacity: gorsk Energy Company”, OJSC “Chelya electric – 149 MW, heat – 1341 Gcal/h. benergosbyt”. •The main types of fuel – natural gas, coal South Ural SDPS. Installed capacity: (about 1.2%). electric – 882 MW, heat – 395 Gcal/h. •Consumers of electricity and heat: •The main types of fuel – gas, Chelyabinsk industrial enterprises and housing sector of the coal (20%). Consumers of electricity and heat southeast district in Chelyabinsk. are industrial enterprises of Chelyabinsk oblast Chelyabinsk TPP. Installed capacity: and Yuzhnouralsk, municipal and private electric – 82 MW, heat – 814 Gcal/h. housing funds of the town of Yuzhnouralsk. •The main type of fuel – natural gas. •Part of electricity, generated in the South •Consumers of electricity and heat are Ural SDPS, is delivered to wholesale electricity industrial plants and builtup areas which are market. located near the station. Chelyabinsk CHPP3. Installed capacity: In addition to the heat power plants more electric – 360 MW, heat – 1092 Gcal/h. than 790 departmental and municipal boilers •The main type of fuel – natural gas. supply towns and regional centers in •Consumers of electricity and heat are Chelyabinsk oblast with heat. The main industrial enterprises and housing sector of the problem in providing consumers with heat is northern and northwestern districts of wear and tear – it is over 80% for the majority Chelyabinsk. •The largest regional substations such as of boilers. “Kozyrevo” (500 kV) and “Novometal Prospects for development of electricity in lurgicheskaya” (220 kV) as well as power lines Chelyabinsk oblast are associated with the linking them were put into operation to ensure reconstruction of Chelyabinsk TPP, the power output of the second power Chelyabinsk CHPP1 and Argayashskaya generating unit of Chelyabinsk CHPP3. CHPP because they have a high degree of wear Chelyabinsk CHPP2. Installed capacity: of power equipment. electric – 320 MW, heat – 956 Gcal/h. The total length of oilpipelines in the region •The main types of fuel – natural gas, coal in one line version is more than 1330 km. (about 2%). Oil pumping is carried out by the trunk lines: •Consumers of electricity and heat: •Tuymazy (the Republic of Bashkor industrial enterprises and housing sector of tostan) – Omsk – Novosibirsk; Chelyabinsk. •Nizhnevartovsk (Tyumen oblast) – •There are three heat lines which go from Kurgan – Kuibyshev; the station to the center, the northeast and in •UstBalik (Tyumen oblast) – Kurgan – the village of Churilovo (Churilovo is the most Ufa (the Republic of Bashkortostan) – promising area for additional heat supply from Almetyevsk (the Republic of Tatarstan). CHP2). Oil delivery ducts: Argayashskaya CHPP. Installed capacity: •Ufa – Chelyabinsk – Petropavlovsk electric – 195 MW, heat – 576 Gcal/h. (North Kazakhstan); •The main types of fuel – natural gas, coal •Chelyabinsk – Yekaterinburg (Sverdlovsk (near 20%). oblast). Economical and social changes: facts, trends, forecast 4 (12) 2010 65 Approaches to assessment of energy security in the region (by the example of Chelyabinsk oblast) The total length of gas pipelines is about 10 power plants. Much of the equipment at the thousand km. The following gas mains pass stations (including departmental affiliation) through the territory: was set up till 1960. Wornout equipment has •Western Siberia – Center. low energy and economic efficiency. So the •Central Asia – Center. specific fuel consumption for electricity •Urengoy – Chelyabinsk. production averaged 379 g/kW·h in 2009 •Vyngapur (Tyumen oblast) – Surgut – (at UVI – 342.7 g/kW·h; in Russia – 335.7 g/ Chelyabinsk. kW·h). The boilers with low energy efficiency, •Bukhara – Ural. which is no more than 60%, are also dominated •gas pipeline branch Bukhara – Ural in the municipal sector. Negative processes in “Kartaly” (Chelyabinsk oblast) – Magni the operation of generating facilities could togorsk (Chelyabinsk oblast). increase threats and the potential •gas pipeline branch Bukhara – Ural destabilization of the region’s energy security. “Kartaly” (Chelyabinsk oblast) – Kustanay The consequence of various emergency (Kazakhstan); gas pipeline branches from situations at facilities generating electricity
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