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Rcaf N Air Ns Lnshire the Canadian Aviation Trail ROYAL CANADIAN AIR FORCE SQUADRONS BASED IN LINCOLNSHIRE Squadron Location in Lincolnshire Comments Formed in Lincolnshire out 401 Squadron Digby of No. 1 Squadron RCAF Formed in Lincolnshire out 402 Squadron Digby of No. 2 Squadron RCAF 404 Squadron Strubby Still in existence today Although the Canadian Aviation Corps was formed in 1914, it was short lived and so Canadians pursuing a military flying 407 Squadron North Coates Still in existence today BCATP CLAYTON KNIGHT FIGHTER COMMAND JOHN MAGEE career did so with the British Royal Flying Corps (RFC) With Britain being open to attack from the enemy it was At the outbreak of WWII there was a consensus of opinion Whilst it was not feasible for the RCAF to have its own John Gillespie Magee saw combat in November 1941 and Formed at Digby. or the British Royal Naval Service (RNAS). Billy Bishop 409 Squadron Digby/North Coates deemed unsuitable to train the bulk of the aircrew within the to keep America out of the war. As one newspaper columnist Group within Fighter Command, of those RCAF squadrons died the following month and is buried in the Lincolnshire Still in existence today was one such Canadian who served with the RFC and was UK. Under the BCATP the countries of the Commonwealth wrote “The future of American youth is on top of American that flew with Fighter Command, most of them flew from cemetery at Scopwick. It was after his combat experience credited with 72 victories and awarded the Victoria Cross. undertook to establish flying training schools, the bulk of soil, not underneath European dirt”. The American Neutrality Lincolnshire at one time or another. over France that John penned the poem ‘Per Ardua’ as 410 Squadron Coleby Grange Still in existence today Sadly several others made the ultimate sacrifice and their which was in Canada. The agreement was agreed in Ottawa Act meant that it was illegal for Americans to be recruited a tribute to the pilots who flew in the Battle of Britain. final resting places are in the military cemeteries across In December 1940, No. 112 (City of Winnipeg) RCAF in December 1939 and the senior British representative was for service in countries at war whilst the Citizenship Act Currently there are plans to unveil a memorial to John 411 Squadron Digby Formed at Digby Lincolnshire. Squadron arrived at RAF Digby, later to become No. 2 Lord Riverdale, which explains why the Plan is sometimes of 1907 stated that “any American shall be deemed to have RCAF Squadron. With the arrival of No. 1 RCAF Squadron, Magee in the village of Wellingore in tribute to the ‘Pilot Poet’. Formed at Digby. Still in For a more detailed overview of the RNAS and RFC, please referred to as the Riverdale Agreement. expatriated himself when he has taken an oath of allegiance these two squadrons were allocated new numbers from In May 1945, RCAF Digby reverted back to RAF control 412 Squadron Digby/Wellingore existence today. John Magee’s see www.petwood.co.uk/explore/canadian-aviation-trail to any foreign state”. the 400 series, and became 401 RCAF Squadron and 402 Squadron and once again became RAF Digby. The Canadian connection St Andrew’s church cemetery in Cranwell includes the Despite these challenges to recruiting Americans for flying RCAF Squadron, equipped primarily with Spitfires. So began is recognised today in the Maple Leaf depicted within the the long wartime Canadian association with Digby. On 16 415 Squadron North Coates Still in existence today graves of Lawrence Code from Ottawa and William Twohey duties, two Americans who were strong Anglophiles set about station badge as well as the unit’s gate guardian, which is from Chatham ON. In St James’s church in Freiston village programmes to enable American pilots to fly with either September 1942, RAF Digby officially became RCAF Digby, a Mark IX Spitfire displayed in RCAF colours. To the left CANADA WOULD with Group Captain A E McNab DFC RCAF as Station 416 Squadron Digby/Wellingore near Boston, three Canadians are buried side by side; John the RCAF or the RAF. One of these recruiters was Charles of the gate guardian is a memorial stone of Canadian Dowling, a lawyer from Vancouver BC, John Meek from Port BECOME THE Sweeney and the other was Clayton Knight, a very successful Commander. granite dedicated to 411 RCAF Squadron. 420 Squadron Waddington Formed at Waddington Stanley ON and Edward Bach from Toronto ON. LARGEST CENTRE FOR artist and illustrator who had served in the American Aero Group Captain McNab had done an exchange tour with 46 Service in WWI, when he flew alongside many British pilots. Squadron in the United Kingdom in the late 1930s and was Buried in Gainsborough cemetery are Lieutenant James AIRCREW TRAINING Keen to help the British war effort he set about recruiting just completing this tour when war broke out in 1939. He 421 Squadron Digby Formed at Digby Menzies (a pilot with No. 33 (HD) Squadron) and John WITH OVER 130,000 American pilots, just within the bounds of the law! He set returned to Canada but came back to the UK in the summer Bernard, both from Ottawa. Renumbered from 118 AIRCREW BEING up the Clayton Knight Committee, which then led to the of 1940 with No.1 Squadron of the RCAF as its Commanding MOST NOTABLY, JOHN MAGEE, WHO 438 Squadron Digby Squadron. 2TAFs 143 Wing THE CANADIAN Dominion Aeronautical Association (DAA). In America Officer. This Canadian Fighter Squadron supported the RCAF. Still in existence today TRAINED BY THE TIME Clayton Knight let it be known that the DAA was recruiting RAF in the Battle of Britain and later became 401 Squadron. PENNED THE AVIATOR’S POEM ‘HIGH AVIATION TRAIL civilian pilots as instructors. However, the DAA office in McNab was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC) Renumbered from No. 123 THE WAR WAS OVER. Canada was right next door to the RCAF main office in for his efforts in the Battle of Britain. Consequently when FLIGHT’, WAS AN ANGLO-AMERICAN 439 Squadron Wellingore Squadron. Still in existence today Welcome to Lincolnshire, home of “Bomber County” – RCAF Ottawa. Having been given assisted travel from America to he became the Station Commander of RCAF Digby he was WHO FLEW WITH 412 RCAF and in WWII, home to many Canadians and Americans The Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) was formed 1 April Canada potential recruits to the DAA would be told that the already familiar with Fighter Command and 401 Squadron. SQUADRON, FIRST AT DIGBY Renumbered from No. 125 1924. Following Canada’s entry into WWII, the RCAF organisation was not recruiting that day but the RCAF next Still in existence today at Cold Lake in Alberta, 401 Squadron Squadron when relocated to serving with the RAF and RCAF. Plan a trip to the UK 441 Squadron Digby expanded to eventually become the 4th largest Allied Air door was recruiting! flies the CF-18 Hornet, Canada’s primary front line jet fighter. AND THEN WELLINGORE. Digby in February 1944. Still and start your ancestral discovery here. Force of the war. The RCAF was organised into 3 main Nearly 9,000 Americans crossed the border to join the It is the only Squadron in the RCAF entitled to display the in existence today elements, most importantly the British Commonwealth Air RCAF before the events of Pearl Harbour, most of whom ‘Battle of Britain’ battle honour on its Squadron Standard. THIS SELF-GUIDED TRAIL IS BROUGHT TO YOU BY Training Plan (BCATP), then the Home War Establishment Renumbered from No. 14 were recruited through the Clayton Knight organisation. Digby had two satellite airfields at Coleby Grange and THE PETWOOD HOTEL OF WOODHALL SPA, UK. and the Overseas War Establishment (OWE) with its HQ in Squadron when relocated Wellingore. Most of the RCAF fighter squadrons in 442 Squadron Digby London. Under the BCATP it was initially decided to form to Digby in January 1944. Lincolnshire were based at any of these three airfields during Still in existence today 25 RCAF squadrons in the UK, many of which were based their time in Lincolnshire, including Nos. 409, 410, 411, 412, in Lincolnshire, as part of the OWE. Many Americans also 416, 421, 438 and 439 RCAF Squadrons. A complete RCAF joined the RCAF and lost their lives in the fight for freedom. Renumbered from No. 127 Spitfire Wing, comprising Nos. 441, 442 and 443 RCAF 443 Squadron Digby Squadron when relocated to Squadrons was formed at RCAF Digby in February 1944, England. Still in existence today moving to southern airfields the next month in preparation www.petwood.co.uk for the D-Day landings. Aviation trail_AW.indd 1 WWI WWII 02/07/2017 20:49 ROYAL CANADIAN AIR FORCE SQUADRONS BASED IN LINCOLNSHIRE Squadron Location in Lincolnshire Comments Formed in Lincolnshire out 401 Squadron Digby of No. 1 Squadron RCAF Formed in Lincolnshire out 402 Squadron Digby of No. 2 Squadron RCAF 404 Squadron Strubby Still in existence today Although the Canadian Aviation Corps was formed in 1914, it was short lived and so Canadians pursuing a military flying 407 Squadron North Coates Still in existence today BCATP CLAYTON KNIGHT FIGHTER COMMAND JOHN MAGEE career did so with the British Royal Flying Corps (RFC) With Britain being open to attack from the enemy it was At the outbreak of WWII there was a consensus of opinion Whilst it was not feasible for the RCAF to have its own John Gillespie Magee saw combat in November 1941 and Formed at Digby. or the British Royal Naval Service (RNAS).
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