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An Infrared Microspectroscopy Beamline for Alba

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An Infrared Microspectroscopy Beamline for Alba 2 microespectroscopía infrarroja con radiación sincrotrón AN INFRARED MICROSPECTROSCOPY BEAMLINE FOR ALBA A proposal to the S.A.C. March 2009 Cover photo: Courtesy of NASA. Helix Nebula, NGC 7293. For more information go to http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2003/11/ 2 microespectroscopía infrarroja con radiación sincrotrón AN INFRARED MICROSPECTROSCOPY BEAMLINE FOR ALBA Prepared by: Gary Ellis (CSIC) Institute of Polymer Science & Technology (ICTP) CSIC, c/ Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain [email protected] Tel: (+34) 912587499 Fax: (+34) 915644853 Contributions from: Paul Dumas Synchrotron SOLEIL, France Eric Pellegrin CELLS Experimental Division, Spain Eshraq Al‐Dmour CELLS Engineering Division, Spain Marek Grabski CELLS Engineering Division, Spain Llibert Ribó Mor CELLS Engineering Division, Spain Acknowledegments Zulima Martín ICTP, Spain Gonzalo Santoro ICTP, Spain Scientific Cases by: 42 scientists (see Appendix IV) Preface The miras2 initiative started in 2007, and has now developed into the present proposal for a phase II beamline for the new Spanish Synchrotron Facility ALBA; this has been initiated from the interest and support of many scientists from a wide range of disciplines, with very different approaches to fundamental research and problem‐solving in their respective areas. One of the key issues that motivate many of these researchers was the ability to obtain useful information from very small sample domains. To some, Synchrotron Infrared Microspectroscopy (SIRMS) is a completely original technique, to others it represents a significant advance over previous limitations in IR microspectroscopy, but to many it offers a powerful and versatile solution that allows them to successfully approach previously inaccessible problems, with important consequences for the consolidation of knowledge in a wide range of scientific disciplines. mirar transitive verb to look miras 2nd person singular (tu) present perfect you look “miras” acronym (orig. ca. 2007) microespectroscopía infrarroja con radiación sincrotrón, …which translates as … synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy miras2 SYNCHROTRON IR MICROSPECTROSCOPY FOR ALBA Contents 1. Introduction ................................................................... 3 1.1 A brief history of Synchrotron Infrared Microspectroscopy ................................... 4 1.2 Scientific Impact of SIRMS ................................................................... 6 1.3 The Spanish User Community ................................................................... 7 2. Areas of Scientific Interest ................................................................... 9 2.1 Life Sciences and Biomedicine ................................................................... 10 2.1.1 Scientific Cases 13 2.1.2 Expressions of Interest 19 2.2 Food and Agricultural Sciences ................................................................... 20 2.2.1 Scientific Cases 21 2.2.2 Expressions of Interest 24 2.3 Environmental and Geological Sciences ................................................................... 25 2.3.1 Scientific Cases 25 2.3.2 Expressions of Interest 29 2.4 Polymeric Materials Science ................................................................... 30 2.4.1 Scientific Cases 31 2.4.2 Expressions of Interest 42 2.5 Archeology, Archeometry and Cultural Heritage .................................................. 43 2.5.1 Scientific Cases 43 2.5.2 Expressions of Interest ................................................................... 51 2.6 Surface Science and Catalysis 52 2.6.1 Scientific Cases 53 2.6.2 Expressions of Interest 56 2.7 Instrumental Developments and Sampling Methodologies ................................... 57 2.7.1 IR spectroscopy under high pressure ................................................... 57 2.7.1.1 Scientific Case 58 2.7.2 Near‐field SIRMS ................................................................... 59 2.7.2.1 Scientific Case 60 2.7.3 Terahertz spectroscopy ................................................................... 61 2.7.3.1 Expression of Interest 62 2.7.4 Far‐IR spectromicroscopy ................................................................... 62 2.7.4.1 Scientific Case 63 2.7.5 Time‐resolved IR microspectroscopy ................................................... 64 2.7.6 Special experimental environments ................................................... 65 2.7.7 Combined Techniques ................................................................... 66 2.8 Other Areas: Expressions of Interest ................................................................... 67 3. The MIRAS beamline ................................................................... 68 3.1 Requirements ................................................................... 68 4. Beamline Specification ................................................................... 70 4.1 Sources and Extraction of IR radiation ................................................................... 70 4.2 Transfer Optics ................................................................... 73 4.3 Experimental Area ................................................................... 80 4.4 Estimated Costs ................................................................... 84 5. Concluding Remarks ................................................................... 85 - 1 - miras2 SYNCHROTRON IR MICROSPECTROSCOPY FOR ALBA Appendix I. IR beamlines worldwide Appendix II. Statistics from miras.2008 Appendix III. miras2 example questionnaire Appendix IV. Contributors to the Scientific Case Appendix V: Institutes and Research Centres in the area of Food and Agricultural Science Appendix VI. Letters of support for miras2 - 2 - miras2 SYNCHROTRON IR MICROSPECTROSCOPY FOR ALBA 1. Introduction The miras2 initiative proposes to build at ALBA a world‐class beamline for Infrared Microspectroscopy using the combination of both edge radiation (ER) and bending magnet (BM) sources from the same extraction port. This dual source configuration will allow the construction of two end‐stations designed to operate simultaneously. This facility will offer the highest level of sensitivity attainable at diffraction‐limited spatial resolution in the mid‐IR range, and will support applications of analytical microspectroscopy to disciplines ranging from medicine through biology, food science, chemistry, environmental science, geology, physics, forensic science, and archaeology to cultural heritage. The design of the optical transfer system will benefit from experience gained and shared with colleagues’ worldwide in particular at the ESRF and SOLEIL. The beamline will be designed for optimum performances in both the mid‐IR and far‐IR, with a suite of detectors taking advantage of competitive performance in the widest spectral range. The IR instruments located on the end‐stations will combine the best available technology for both single‐point microspectroscopy and infrared imaging spectroscopy, which currently would involve two alternative instruments. The wide range of disciplines represented in the expressions of interest calls for a versatile suite of sample environments and sampling methods coupled with off‐line facilities for sample preparation and results analysis. The ability to acquire high quality IR spectra, in measurement times of seconds, from materials on a length scale of a few microns owes its impact to the high information content of the IR spectrum coupled with wavelength‐limited spatial resolution (2 – 10 μm). The synchrotron source achieves this performance by delivering up to 103 times more IR light onto a 3 μm spot than a conventional infrared source such as a globar. The prospect of “world‐beating” performance is not in this instance directly related to the IR flux delive3red at a micro‐spot by the present beamline design. However, the flux generated at ALBA will be comparable to that achieved by leading competitor synchrotron facilities. The signal‐to‐noise ratio (S/N) in synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy (SIRMS) spectra is commonly limited by the noise related to beam instability. According to the recent achievements in newly opened synchrotron facilities, such as SOLEIL and DIAMOND, a positional feedback system might not be necessary. Given that best practice on achieving beam stability will be incorporated into this beamline design we can expect important enhancements in the S/N ratio exceeding those predicted by the flux advantage. We are fortunate to be in a position to benefit from the experience of colleagues currently planning and/or designing SIRMS beamlines elsewhere in Europe (e.g. ESRF, SOLEIL) and the rest of the world (e.g. NSLS, Australian Synchrotron). We therefore confidently aim to provide a world‐class beamline at ALBA with a first‐rate working environment appropriate for the very wide range of disciplines which it will serve, enabling advancements in areas such as: the study at sub‐cellular resolution of phenomena related to disease states and their diagnosis and treatment; the mapping of solid state and catalytic reactions in micro‐crystals, the characterisation of microscopic areas of nanoscopic thin films important in lubrication, wear, colloid chemistry and high throughput screening; studies on diverse phenomena in polymeric and hybrid systems, interphase structure and morphology; amongst the many others specifically mentioned in this proposal. Taken together these activities will contribute significantly to health, quality
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