MISSISSIPPI HISTORY Newsletter
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MISSISSIPPI HISTORY NEWSLETTER A PUBLICATION OF THE MISSISSIPPI DEPARTMENT OF ARCHIVES AND HISTORY Summer 2017 Volume 59, No. 2 State Capitol Named National Landmark The Mississippi State Capitol Building has been recognized for its contributions to the country’s cultural and historical heritage with the designation of National Historic Landmark. Elected officials were joined by National Park Service representative Kath- leen Bond at a ceremony commemorating the honor at the capitol on May 4. “The Mississippi State Capitol is being recognized today as nationally significant for its architectural splendor, but it is also important to me because it stands witness to all the momentous events of the twentieth century in Mississippi,” said Bond. “This building was born in a time of newly legis- lated racial segregation and stood through the unfolding events that marked the progress of civil rights for Mississippians.” The Mississippi State Capitol is a magnificent example of the Beaux Arts style, with large, grandiose spaces and an From left, Lt. Governor Tate Reeves, Governor Phil Bryant, Natchez National Historical Park abundance of classical detail, stone finishes, Superintendent Kathleen Bond, and Speaker Philip Gunn unveil the National Historic Landmark and architectural elements. The building is plaque at the Mississippi State Capitol. 402 feet long, 225 feet wide at the center, interior is also designed to impress. When features a significant collection of art glass and rises 180 feet at its dome. An eight-foot- the capitol was being constructed, electric by Louis J. Millet of the Art Institute of tall copper eagle, coated with gold leaf, sits lighting was a novelty of modern technol- Chicago. atop the dome and measures fifteen feet ogy. Consequently, 4,750 lights were used The main rotunda is of Italian marble from wingtip to wingtip. throughout the building as an architectural with trimmings of jet-black marble from The exterior of the capitol is limestone element, highlighting and outlining the New York. Its friezes and columns lead over a base course of Georgia granite. The structure’s other features. The building CONTINUED ON PAGE 2 Preservation Grants Awarded across State At its quarterly board meeting in April, “During this bicentennial year, we are the state.” the Mississippi Department of Archives enthusiastic about the many different types The 2017 grants are as follows: and History awarded grants totaling more of Certified Local Government grants we Booneville, $1,750, to create design than $74,000 to ten preservation projects are able to offer,” said Michelle Jones, guidelines for the Downtown Booneville in Certified Local Government communi- MDAH Local Preservation Assistance National Register District. ties across the state. Grant amounts range Coordinator. “From relocating a railroad Greenville, $1,500, to develop a from $1,750 to create design guidelines feature in McComb that would otherwise website and exhibit commemorating for downtown Booneville to $15,000 to be lost to helping preserve Walter Ander- Mississippi’s bicentennial, and for historic complete a comprehensive survey for the son murals in Ocean Springs, these are preservation education. Midtown neighborhood in Jackson. exciting projects for the communities and CONTINUED ON PAGE 4 STATE CAPITOL, continued from p.1 the eye to the majestic and colorful dome. Jackson. Soon after his election in 1899, and the Secretary of the Interior makes The House of Representatives and Senate Governor Andrew Longino led an ef- the final designation. The State Capitol be- chambers at the ends of the building are fort to address comes one of built of marble and scagliola and feature the need for a just over 2,500 domed ceilings richly decorated with new capitol. sites in the oxidized copper, plaster, and stained glass. By May 1900, United States “This beautiful building is distin- St. Louis ar- to receive this guished from other state capitols by its chitect Theo- p r e st ig iou s unity of design and construction,” said dore Link had recognition. MDAH chief architectural historian Jen- c o m p l e t e d Other Na- nifer Baughn. “It was built in three years designs for tional Historic by a single construction firm, W.A. and the structure. Landmark A.E. Wells of Chicago.” Construction properties ad- The site draws more than 25,000 visi- began in 1901 ministered by tors each year. The building is open 8 a.m. and was com- MDA H and to 5 p.m. Monday through Friday for self- pleted in 1903 open to the guided tours. Free guided tours are offered at a total cost public include Monday through Friday at 9:30 and 11 of $1,093,641, the Eudora a.m. and 1 and 2:30 p.m. Group tours are w h i c h w a s Welty House available by reservation at 601-359-3114 or funded en- and Garden in [email protected]. tirely by back Jackson, the The state’s first capitol, no longer stand- taxes from a Grand Village ing, was a two-story building constructed lawsuit settle- of the Natchez in Jackson in 1822. The second statehouse ment with the Illinois Central Railroad. Indians in Natchez, the Old Capitol in was completed in 1839 and now serves as The National Park Service nominates Jackson, and Winterville Mounds in the Old Capitol Museum in downtown sites to be National Historic Landmarks Greenville. Emory Student Named Welty Fellow The 2017 Eudora Welty Re- collections in the United States. search Fellowship has been The collection includes manu- awarded to Sophia Leonard, a scripts, letters, photographs, doctoral student in English at drawings, essays, and film and Emory University. Established video footage that spans Welty’s by the Eudora Welty Foundation entire life. and the Department of Archives Beginning in 1957, and over and History, the fellowship the course of more than forty seeks to encourage and support years, Welty donated materials research use of the Eudora to the department, primar- Welty Collection by graduate ily literary manuscripts and students. photographs. At her death the “We’re grateful to the Foun- remainder of her papers were dation for funding this award for bequeathed to MDAH and a seventh consecutive year and included unpublished manu- delighted that another highly scripts and 14,000 items of 2017 Eudora Welty Research Fellow Sophia Leonard. qualified fellow will make ex- correspondence with family, tensive use of the Welty Col- the William F. Winter Archives the particular context of the friends, scholars, young writers, lection again this summer,” said and History Building. New Yorker magazine shaped and noted writers. David Pilcher, director of the Leonard will explore how the contours of place in Welty’s The collection may be ac- MDAH Archives and Record the literary material of the New fiction,” says Leonard. cessed at the William F. Winter Services Division. Yorker impacts perceptions of The Eudora Welty Collec- Archives and History Building, Leonard will use the $2,000 the South at the height of its tion at the Mississippi Depart- 200 North Street, Jackson. For fellowship to cover travel, hous- cultural influence. “This re- ment of Archives and History is more information on the col- ing, and other expenses incurred search project revisits this tran- the premier collection of Eudora lection, contact Forrest Galey while doing primary research in sitional period at mid-century Welty materials in the world and at 601-576-6850 or by email at the Eudora Welty Collection at by searching for the ways that one of the most varied literary [email protected]. Historic Structure Damaged by Thieves House is a top priority,” said ervation services. “We are last—and successful—cam- First Shots of Battle MDAH director Katie Blount. working on finding a suitable paign to capture Vicksburg dur- “We are consulting with state replacement for the old-growth ing the U.S. Civil War. The Port of Port Gibson legislators, local governments, cypress used in the Shaifer Gibson Battlefield is a National Fired at Site the Port Gibson Heritage Trust, House—and something that Historic Landmark and the other state agencies, and the will last another 150 years.” Shaifer House is a Mississippi National Park Service to ensure The Shaifer House was built Landmark. Thieves vandalized the nearly the house is preserved for future two-hundred-year-old Shaifer generations.” House in Claiborne County, Staff from the Historic Pres- making off with four wooden ervation Division has made support beams and damaging weekly visits to the site since masonry piers under the house the damage was discovered. and interior flooring and walls. They are working closely with The theft was discovered on consulting architect Lawson April 1, and the actions most Newman of WFT Architects on likely occurred earlier that phase one of the project, which week. will include the emergency Staff from MDAH, which stabilization and permanent administers the site, have made replacement of the joists and an initial stabilization of the sill, floorboards, interior walls, structure to prevent further and masonry piers. Newman is damage to the house. Because generating requirements and permanent repairs have not been cost estimates that will be used completed, the site has been to select a contractor experi- MDAH deputy director Robert Benson inspects emergency stabilizations closed to the public. Security enced with historic structures made to Shaifer House. cameras have been installed, to carry out the work. by A.K. and Elizabeth Shaifer The Shaifer House restora- and a gate is being put in place to “Unfortunately, it’s not as beginning in 1826. The house tion project began in 2006 as control vehicle access to the site. simple as going to the local store was the site of the opening shots a component of the TEA-21 MDAH is working with public and purchasing pressure-treated of the Battle of Port Gibson.