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New Testament Study SESSION SIX New Testament Study Overview: What God has done in the Old Testament He continues to do in the New. God began a pattern for fund- ing workers that carries right on through the New Testament and gives us a model for today. In this session we will discuss the numerous instances of partnership and its spiritual fruit, focusing in on Paul’s relationship with his partners. The goal of this teaching is to show that there is a significant culture of partnership in the New Testament. New Testament perspective of laboring—with partnership The New Testament is a continuation of the unfolding story of the restoration of all things. God stewards His own purpose through the voluntary agreement of His people. His approach is the same; the giving of the saints is His preferred way of advancing His kingdom. Stewardship and partnership are natural byproducts when the family of God walks in spiritual health. 1Soon afterward he went on through cities and villages, pro- claiming and bringing the good news of the kingdom of God. And the twelve were with him, 2and also some women who had Notice that Jesus, been healed of evil spirits and infirmities: Mary, called Magda- lene, from whom seven demons had gone out, 3and Joanna, the –God in the flesh– put wife of Chuza, Herod’s household manager, and Susanna, and Himself in a position many others, who provided for them out of their means. (Lk. 8:1–3, ESV) of being dependent on Notice that Jesus—God in the flesh—put Himself in a position of being other people. Why? dependent on other people. He could have supported himself through His carpenter job but He didn’t. Once he left secular work Jesus never returned to it. Neither did he support himself with daily miracles. We all have a need to give, and we all have a need to receive. The Lord has fashioned His Body to be interdependent upon one another. Paul, his ministry and funding 22I also have been much hindered from coming to you. 23But now no longer having a place in these parts, and having a great desire these many years to come to you, 24whenever I journey to Spain, I shall come to you. For I hope to see you on my journey, and to be helped on my way there by you, if first I may enjoy your company for a while. (Rom. 15:22–24) While working for the Lord, Paul makes plans. He shares those plans clearly and then asks people to help him. In verse 24, the Greek phrase “to be helped on my way” is the word propempo. Propempo (Pro-pem-po) In the New Testament there is an interesting Greek word: propempo. The word appears nine times in eight different verses within the New Testament. When we understand this Greek word and read it in its context, we begin to see more clearly how the early church worked together to accomplish the mission of God. The following is a list of various definitions of the Greek word propempo. Partnership Development 4311. προπέμπω prŏpĕmpō, prop-em´-po; from 4253 and 3992; to send forward, i.e. escort or aid in travel—accom- pany, bring (forward) on journey (way), conduct forth.1 προπέμπω propempō; from 4253 and 3992; to send before, send forth—accompanying (1), escorted (1), help (1), helped on my journey (1), helped on my way (1), journey (1), send . on his way (1), send . on my way (1), send . on their way (2), way (1).2 προπέμπω [propempo /prop·em·po/] v. From 4253 and 3992; GK 4636; Nine occurrences; AV translates as “bring on (one’s) way” four times, “bring (forward) on (one’s) journey” three times, “conduct forth” once, and “accompany” once. 1 to send before. 2 to send forward, bring on the way, accompany or escort. 3 to set one forward, fit him out with the requisites for a journey.3 In Acts 15:3 after the council met to discuss the situation about circum- cision, they decided to send Paul and Barnabas up to Jerusalem. The phrase sent on their way by the church is the translation of propempo Paul clearly asks the and here it means to send forward, aid in travel, help for the journey. Romans to help him In Acts 20:38 Paul was leaving Ephesus, and he told the church that he would not see them anymore. With real sadness they all knelt down with his assignment. together and prayed. Then they all accompanied him to the ship. Here the word means accompany or escort. It would have been a sad but also joyous sending, filled with moral support. It could have included money and food. In Acts 21:3–5 Paul has been in Tyre for about a week, staying with disciples there. When it comes time to leave, the disciples with their families accompanied Paul to the ship. Paul had only known them a week, but you get the sense of a real loving relationship. Similar to Ephesus, they knelt down and prayed together. In Romans 15:24 Paul is communicating that his ministry in the area is done and now he wants to travel to Spain. Paul has heard about the church in Rome and wants to pass through there as he makes his way to Spain, hoping to stay and visit with them for a while. In verse 24 the phrase “and I hope to be helped on my way by you” is the Greek word propempo. Paul is asking for assistance and possibly company on his journey. In his Notes on the Bible, Albert Barnes explains this means, “To be assisted by you in regard to this journey; or to be accompanied by you. This was the custom of the churches.”4 According to John Gill’s Exposition of the Bible, “He not only hoped to see them, but that he should have the company of some of them along with him, in his way to Spain; from whose conversation he might expect much spiritual pleasure and refreshment; and by whom he might be directed in his way, as well as supplied with all necessaries for his journey; in which sense the phrase of bringing on in the way, is sometimes used.”5 In First Corinthians 16, the word propempo is used twice. The chapter begins with Paul instructing the Corinthians to take up an offering for the church in Jerusalem. The saints there may not have been able to earn a living because of persecution. Paul then asks them to be ready to help Timothy and himself, likely also in a financial way, when they each come through the city to visit. 1. James Strong, A Concise Dictionary of the Words in the Greek Testament and The Hebrew Bible (Bellingham, WA: Logos Bible Software, 2009), s. v. “G4311.” 2 Robert L .Thomas, New American Standard Hebrew-Aramaic and Greek Dictionaries: updated edition (Anaheim: Lockman Foun- dation Publications, 1998), s. v. “G4311.” 3. James Strong, Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon (Bellingham, WA: Logos Bible Software, 2001), s. v. “G4311.” 4. Albert Barnes, Notes on the Bible, 1834, http://www.sacred-texts.com/bib/cmt/barnes/rom015.htm 5. John Gill, Exposition of the Old and New Testament http://sacred-texts.com/bib/cmt/gill/rom015.htm 54 Session Six: New Testament Study 6And perhaps I will stay with you, or even spend the winter, so that you may send me on my way wherever I may go . 11So let no one despise him. But send him on his way in peace, so that he may come to me; for I expect him with the brethren. (I Cor. 16:6,11, NASB) “So that you may send me on my way wherever I may go.” The verb propempō is used as a technical term for sup- plying the travel needs of God’s itinerant ministers. (1 Cor. 16:6, cf. v. 11).6 Adam Clark’s Commentary on the Bible interprets this phrase to mean, “That ye may furnish me with the means of travelling. It appears that, in most cases, the different Churches paid his expenses to other Churches.”7 In Second Corinthians 1:16 the word propempo is translated into the phrase “to be brought forth.” It means to aid in the journey, financial support. Titus 3:13 is self-explanatory: “Make every effort to help Zenas the lawyer and Apollos on their way; make sure they have what they need.” (NET) From the different uses of the wordpropempo in their contexts we can see that the early church had an excellent relationship between goers and senders. The early church was a giving church. It was a missional church that was full of love and joy and did not have hang-ups about money or funding missionaries. Also, a brief study of this word propempo shows us that the early church felt a responsibility to work together and to each play their role to accomplish the mission of God. Paul defends his apostleship 1Am I not free? Have I not seen Jesus our Lord? Are you not my work in the Lord? 2If I am not an apostle to others, at least I am “Do we not have the to you, for you are the confirming sign of my apostleship in the Lord. 3This is my defense to those who examine me. 4Do we not right to financial have the right to financial support? 5Do we not have the right to support? Do we not the company of a believing wife, like the other apostles and the Lord’s brothers and Cephas? 6Or do only Barnabas and I lack have the right to the right not to work? (1 Cor.
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