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American Journalism Historians Association f AMERICAN *- JOURNALISM S n R lOS'3 WINTER 1990 Published by the American Journalism Historians Association V AMERICAN JOURNALISM WINTER 1 990 DEPARTMENTS ARTICLES .4. RESEARCH NOTES • Richard Harding Davis and the Boer War The British and Boers Rehearse for World War I Truth Versus Good While Davis Watches. Description John C. Bromley 12 Great Walls • The Place of Biography in the History Covering Cold Fusion of News Women *55* What Role Should Biographical Research Play in Writing the History of Women Journalists? BOOK REVIEWS Catherine C. Mitchell 23 Oliver Wendell Holmes • Bibliography And Their Children Scholarship on Women Working After Them in Journalism Mary Heaton Vorse Articles and Books on Women Journalists, Categorized by Gerda Lerner's Stages Writing Red of Feminist History. Catherine C. Mitchell 33 The Good Times • Historiographical Essay The Battle to Control Women in Journalism: Contributors Broadcast News to Male Experience or Voices The Ambivalent Image of Feminine Expression? Historians of Women Journalists Seek to Move From Whistle Stop Beyond the "Great Women" Approach. to Sound Bite Maurine H. Beasley 39 Violence and Terror in the Mass Media . and more EDITOR EDITORIAL PURPOSE. Anyone who wishes to re- John Pauly American Journalism publishes view books for American Tulsa articles, research notes, book Journalism, or to propose a ASSOCIATE EDITORS reviews, and correspondence book for review, should con- Pamela A. Brown dealing with the history of tact Professor Nancy Roberts, Rider College journalism. Such contribu- Book Review Editor, American Gary Whitby tions may focus on social, Journalism, School of Journal- Central Missouri State economic, intellectual, politi- ism and Mass Commimica- BOOK REVIEW EDITOR cal, or legal issues. American tion. University of Miimesota, Nancy Roberts Journalism also welcomes ar- Minneapolis, Minnesota Minnesota ticles that treat the history of 55455. DESIGN communication in general; the American Journalism is pro- Sharon M.W. Bass history of broadcasting, ad- duced on a Macintosh com- Kansas vertising, and public relations; puter, using Microsoft Word ADVERTISING the history of media outside and Pagemaker software. Au- Alf Pratte the United States; and theo- thors of manuscripts accepted Brigham Young retical issues in the literatvire for publication are encovir- ASSISTANT EDITOR or methods of media history. aged, but not required, to Barbara Buckley submit their work on a EXDS- Tulsa SUBMISSIONS. All articles, based or Macintosh disk. FORMER EDITORS research notes, and cofre- Wm. David Sloan spondence should be sent to ADVERTISING. Information Alabama Professor John Pauly, Editor, on advertising rates and Gary Whitby American Journalism, Faculty placements is available from Central Missouri State of Communication, Univer- Professor Alf Pratte, Adver- sity of Tulsa, 600 S. College tising Manager, American AMERICAN JOURNALISM Avenue, Tulsa, Oklahoma Journalism, Department of HISTORIANS 74104. Authors should send Commimications, Brigham ASSOCIATION four copies of manuscripts Young University, Provo, submitted for publication as Utah 84602. PRESIDENT articles. American Journalism Maurine Beasley follows the style require- SUBSCRIPTIONS. American Maryland ments of The Chicago Manual Journalism (ISSN 0882-1127) VICE-PRESIDENT of Style. The maximum length is published quarterly by the Leomard Teel for most manuscripts is American Journalism Histori- Georgia State twenty-five pages, not includ- ans Association, at the Uni- SECRETARY ing notes and tables. versity of Tulsa. Subscriptions Donald Avery All submissions are blind to American Journalism cost Southern Mississippi refereed by three readers, and $15 a year, $10 for students, BOARD OF DIRECTORS the review process typically and include a one-year mem- Perry Ashley takes about three months. bership in AJHA. Subscrip- South Carolina Manuscripts will be returned tions mailed outside the Roy Atwood only if the author has includ- United States cost $20 for sur- Idaho ed a self-addressed stamped face mail, $25 for air mail. For Elaine Berland envelope. further information, please Webster Research notes are typically contact the Editor. Lester Carson three- to six-page manu- Florida scripts, written without for- COPYRIGHT. © American Edward Caudill mal documentation. Such Journalism Historians Asso- Tennessee notes, which are not blind ciation, 1989. Articles in Barbara Qoud refereed, may include reports American Journalism may be Nevada-Las Vegas of research in progress, dis- photocopied for fair use in Carol Sue Humphrey cussions of methodology, an- teaching, research, criticism, Oklahoma Baptist notations on new archival and news reporting, in accor- Alf Pratte sources, commentaries on is- dance with Sections 107 and Brigham Young sues in journalism history, or 108 of the U.S. Copyright Nancy Roberts suggestions for future re- Law. For all other purposes, Minnesota search. Authors who wish to users must obtain permission contribute research notes are from the Editor. invited to query the editor. — REFEREES. Thanks to the following editorial board members, who have recently FROM THE EDITOR read manuscripts for American Journalism. CONVERSATION IS the real public work of scholar- James Allen ship. In our talk we call forth that society of tolerance Alabama and mutual respect in which we hope to dwell. With Warren Barnard friends at conventions, with students in the cafeteria, Indiana State with our own thoughts in the midnight hour Pat Bradley through such work we enact the self-reflective lives Temple we hope to lead. John Bromley Sometimes don't stop Northern Colorado we long enough to speak, James Brown however. We measure out our lives in books and Alabama articles and count out conversation as a wasteful, un- Michael Buchholz disciplined, frivolous, dissipating pleasure. We spend Indiana State our words in private, imagining readers we will Linda Cobb-Reiley never meet, anxiously anticipating the flattery we Denver take to be our due. Patrick Daley But in our best moments we give ourselves over to New Hampshire one another without regret. The new Research Notes Harold Davis (ret.) section in American Journalism aims to continue just Georgia State such conversations. Like talk, John DeMott our these notes will Memphis State range over many topics—our work in progress, our Ralph Engelman collective state of mind, our methods and resources, Long Island our doubts and hopes. In such essays writers and Jean Folkerts readers alike may hear themselves speak, and dis- Mount Vernon cover the ties that bind them. Warren Francke With this new volume American Journalism wel- Nebraska-Omaha comes a new group of editors. Nancy Roberts, of the Donald Godfrey University of Minnesota, takes over as book review Arizona State editor, and Pamela Brown, of Rider College, as one of Samuel P. Kennedy HI the Syracuse associate editors. Gary Whitby, out of gentle- Larry Lorenz manly duty and a sense of pity for the new editor, has New Orleans agreed to serve one more year as associate editor. Richard Nelson - J.P. Kansas State John Nerone Illinois Marvin Olasky Texas Darwin Payne Southern Methodist Steven Phipps IndianalPurdue at Ft. Wayne Sam Riley Virginia Polytechnic Michael Robertson Lafayette College Norman Sims Massachusetts RESEARCH NOTES TRUTH VERSUS circumstances, it must al- tions from literal truth, al- GOOD DESCRIPTION ways do so. though it can be said that What are the concepts of they contribute to a more truth and good description comprehensive sense of CAN TRUTH BE a liabil- all about as ideals of obser- truth. What this ambiguity ity of good journalism? vation, and what is their about truth manifests is a Doesn't a standard of connection? Philosopher paradox: literal truth is "good description" actu- Amartya Sen suggests that violated for a general ally prevail, for which as absolute standards they truth. A kind of fiction be- truth is not always a neces- converge as reality seen comes necessary for a cer- sary condition? And isn't and described in a straight- tain kind of generalized this standard ethically ac- forward manner. But Sen fact. ceptable? goes on to explain that in Contemplating this con- These are questions this practice the ideals diverge. dition of description is a essay addresses. The dis- Truth remains the absolute little like trying to imagine cussion revolves around philosophical standard of a conversation between journalism and philosophy, perfection, but good de- certain characters found in but I hope to make the dis- scription becomes relative Gulliver's Travels. At the cussion relevant to history. to human situations. Good Grand Academy of Lagado, Historians, like journalists, description is a standard it was believed that words have always chosen to be of what is possible and could be abolished and re- less truthful than it is pos- feasible under the multiple placed with objects carried sible to be. conditions of observation about in pockets and Bring up the problem of and reporting. Sen distin- bundles and held up to truth with a journalist, and guishes between ideal communicate. In contrast the talk is likely to turn good description (the best to this literal objectivity, sanctimonious. The issue depiction of something) inhabitants of Laputa drew of truth typically is domi- and good description (the upon mathematics and nated by questions of best depiction of some- music to converse, com- truthtelling—the avoid- thing to give, making the municating with rhombs ance of deception—rather best of a situation
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