Benchmarking of SEPA AREAs through the results of the Feasibility Studies Prepared by the ExAnte Ltd. by the commission of Mid-Pannon Nonprofit Ltd. 2012 A projekt a South East Europe Programban az Európai Unió és a Magyar Köztársaság társfinanszírozásával valósul meg. This project is funded by the European Union and co-funded by the Hungarian Government in the framework of the South East Europe Transnational Cooperation Programme. A projekt a South East Europe Programban az Európai Unió és a Magyar Köztársaság társfinanszírozásával valósul meg. This project is funded by the European Union and co-funded by the Hungarian Government in the framework of the South East Europe Transnational Cooperation Programme. Content Executive summary............................................................................................................................................ 4 1. Introduction................................................................................................................................................... 7 2. Theoretical background................................................................................................................................. 9 3. A general description of the areas .............................................................................................................. 12 3.1. Hungarian SEPA area – Former military real estate complex in Tapolca ............................................. 12 3.2. Greek SEPA area – Lavrion Technological and Cultural Park (LTCP)..................................................... 13 3.3. Slovenian SEPA area – Eco-Industrial Park (EIP) Sezana....................................................................... 15 3.4. Italian SEPA area 1.– Viggiano Industrial Area ..................................................................................... 16 3.5. Italian SEPA area 2.– Industrial Area of Amaro .................................................................................... 18 3.6. Serbian SEPA area – Temerin Area....................................................................................................... 21 3.7. Bulgarian SEPA area – West Industrial Zone of Varna.......................................................................... 22 3.8. Romanian SEPA area – Baia Mare East Industrial Site ......................................................................... 24 4. Development objectives, expected results of the projects......................................................................... 26 5. Success factors............................................................................................................................................. 30 5.1. Organisational solutions....................................................................................................................... 30 5.2. The realization of public participation.................................................................................................. 32 5.3. The characteristics of the enterprises involved in SEPA development projects.................................. 35 5.4. Methodological elements..................................................................................................................... 41 5.5. Technology solutions............................................................................................................................ 44 5.6. Financing solutions............................................................................................................................... 49 6. Barrier factors.............................................................................................................................................. 51 7. „Best practices” ........................................................................................................................................... 52 8. Summary...................................................................................................................................................... 54 9. Literature..................................................................................................................................................... 56 A projekt a South East Europe Programban az Európai Unió és a Magyar Köztársaság társfinanszírozásával valósul meg. This project is funded by the European Union and co-funded by the Hungarian Government in the framework of the South East Europe Transnational Cooperation Programme. A projekt a South East Europe Programban az Európai Unió és a Magyar Köztársaság társfinanszírozásával valósul meg. This project is funded by the European Union and co-funded by the Hungarian Government in the framework of the South East Europe Transnational Cooperation Programme. Executive summary In the framework of the SEPA project, the study aims at the benchmarking analysis of the SEPA areas on the basis of the results of feasibility studies. The study after presenting theoretical ideas on the interpretation of the sustainability of the SEPA areas gives a brief description of each area and then gives an overview on the expected results of the SEPA developments, on the "success" factors ensuring the implementation of development projects, as well as on the barriers developments. The "success" factors described in the feasibility study comprise methodological solutions, elements of organizational development, technological solutions, factors ensuring the co-operation of actors and mechanisms of participation. The barriers are a range of elements, such as the lack of organizational development, the absence of reducing environmental load, the absence of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises, unresolved funding and the lack of a complex of view of sustainability. The study analyzed and evaluated the following regions: Hungarian SEPA area – Former military area complex in Tapolca Greek SEPA area – Lavrion Technological and Cultural Park (LTCP) Slovenian SEPA area – Eco-Industrial Park (EIP) Sezana Italian SEPA area 1.– Viggiano Industrial Area Italian SEPA area 2.– Industrial Area of Amaro Serbian SEPA area – Temerin Area As a basic approach from a theorethical perspective, we can declare that the theory of sustainable development importance had a great impact on economy. It emphasised the dissemination of "clean" technologies and the appreciation of renewable resources, so it interpreted development rather as qualitative than quantitative growth. In terms of our project it also deserves attention that the principles of sustainability require the combined interpretation of social, economic and environmental systems. The completed feasibility studies interpret sustainability along this complex principle by taking all components into consideration. From the practical perspective, the common feature of the presented project plans in is that they largely implement brownfield development by taking SEPA criteria into account. We find among them former military-purpose areas, long-established industrial areas, industrial modernization parks and industrial areas as well. What is common in the projects is that they strive to meet the complex conditions of sustainability and the planned utilization is also complex, i.e. it has social, economic and environmental aspects. In terms of the economic benefits on the one hand, the European Union’s experience is to be taken into account on the basis of which each unit of development expenditures generates 3.5 units of economic output. In addition, the planned development projects contribute to the growth of local tax revenues, to the improvement of competitiveness, to the development of the local SME sector and job creation. The further form of the return of additional resources is the spread of higher value A projekt a South East Europe Programban az Európai Unió és a Magyar Köztársaság társfinanszírozásával valósul meg. This project is funded by the European Union and co-funded by the Hungarian Government in the framework of the South East Europe Transnational Cooperation Programme. added production technologies and innovation (product, process and organizational innovation). Among environmental benefits it is to be mentioned that environmental rehabilitation and development directly influence soil and groundwater quality. In addition, the positive effects are not confined to specific locations, they have significant ripple effect. These include the improvement of the state of the habitat, the improvement of air quality and the improvement of the state of agricultural land. In addition, the proposed brownfield development projects significantly reduce the size of areas excluded from tillage (or other more favorable recovery in landscape terms). Moreover, by the use of existing infrastructure the sprawl of urban areas as well as its costs can be reduced. Furthermore, brownfield developments reduce the distance between workplace and residence, which also will reduce the ecological stress of transport and transport costs. While the economic and environmental benefits are obvious, brownfield developments have significant social impacts . The major ones are as follows: employment and social rehabilitation; the improvement of urban environment; the accumulation of development reserves; the expansion of recreational and other public places; safer living environment; After summarizing the individual and common characteristics of the SEPA areas, the benchmarking study is giving an overview of the factors contributing