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A Theoretical Evaluatio F2006-1.qxd 18.12.2006 16:03 Page 33 Oikos 109: 583-593. Synchrony in lemming and vole SELÅS, V. 2006c. UV-B-induced plant IMS, R. A. OG STEEN, H. 1990. populations in the Canadian Arctic. stress as a possible cause for 10-year Geographical synchrony in – Can. J. Zool. 80: 1323-1333. hare cycles. – Popul. Ecol. 48: 71-77. microtine population cycles: a LAMBIN, X., BRETAGNOLLE, V. OG SELÅS, V. 2006d. Kan klimasynkronisert theoretical evaluation of the role of YOCCOZ, N. G. 2006. Vole plantestress forårsake syklusene hos nomadic avian predators. – Oikos population cycles in northern and smågnagere og fjellbjørkemåler? – 57: 381-387. southern Europe: Is there a need Vår Fuglefauna 29: 166-173. JEDRZEJEWSKI, W. OG JEDRZEJEWSKA, B. for different explanations for single SELÅS, V., FRAMSTAD, E. OG SPIDSØ, T. 1996. Rodent cycles in relation to pattern? – J. Anim. Ecol. 75: 340- K. 2002. Effects of seed masting of biomass and productivity of ground 349. bilberry, oak and spruce on vegetation and predation in the NORRDAHL, K. OG KORPIMÄKI, E. sympatric populations of bank vole Palearctic. – Acta Ther. 41: 1-34. 1995. Effects of predator removal (Clethrionomys glareolus) and wood JONSSON, P., KOSKELA, E. OG MAPPES, on vertebrate prey populations: mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) in T. 2000. Does risk of predation by birds of prey and small mammals. – southern Norway. – J. Zool. Lond. mammalian predators affect the Oecologia 103: 241-248. 258: 459-468. spacing behaviour of rodents? – OKSANEN, T., SCHNEIDER, M., SELÅS, V., SONERUD, G. A., HISTØL, T. Oecologia 122: 487-492. RAMMUL, Ü., HAMBÄCK, P. OG OG HJELJORD, O. 2001. Synchrony KLEMOLA, T., KOIVULA, M., AUNAPUU, M. 1999. Population in short-term fluctuations of moose KORPIMÄKI, E. OG NORRDAHL, K. fluctuations of voles in North calf body mass and bank vole 2000. Experimental tests of Fennoscandian tundra: contrasting population density supports the predation and food hypotheses for dynamics in adjacent areas with mast depression hypothesis. – Oikos population cycles of voles. – Proc. different habitat composition. – 92: 271-278. Royal Soc. Lond. B 267: 351-356. Oikos 86: 463-478. SELÅS, V. OG STEEL, C. 1998. Large KLEMOLA, T., KORPIMÄKI, E. OG OLI, M. K. 2003. Population cycles of brood sizes of pied flycatcher, NORRDAHL, K. 1998. Does avian small rodents are caused by sparrowhawk and goshawk in peak predation risk depress reproduction specialist predators: or are they? – microtine years: support for the of voles? – Oecologia 115: 149-153. Trends Ecol. Evol. 18: 105-107. mast depression hypothesis. – KOKKO, H. OG RANTA, E. 1996. ROSENZWEIG, M. L. OG MACARTHUR, Oecologia 116: 449-455. Evolutionary optimality of delayed R. H. 1963. Graphical STEINHEIM, G., WELADJI, R. B., breeding in voles. – Oikos 77: 173- representation and stability SKOGAN, T., ADNOY, T., SKJELVÅG, 175. condition of predator-prey A. O. OG HOLAND, Ø. 2004. KORPIMÄKI, E., BROWN P. R., JACOB, J. interactions. – Am. Nat. 97: 209- Climatic variability and effects on OG PECH, R. P. 2004. The puzzles 223. ungulate body weight: the case of of population cycles and outbreaks SELDAL, T., ANDERSEN, K.-J. OG domestic sheep. – Ann. Zool. Fenn. of small mammals solved? – HÖGSTEDT, G. 1994. Grazing- 41: 525-538. BioScience 54: 1071-1079 induced proteinase inhibitors: a WHITE, T. C. R. 1984. The abundance KORPIMÄKI, E., KLEMOLA, T., possible cause for lemming of invertebrate herbivores in NORRDAHL, K., OKSANEN, L., population cycles. – Oikos 70: 3- relation to the availability of OKSANEN, T., BANKS, P., BATZLI, 11. nitrogen in stressed food plants. – G. O. OG HENTTONEN, H. 2003. SELÅS, V. 1997. Cyclic population Oecologia 63: 90-105. Vole cycles and predation. – Trends fluctuations of herbivores as an WHITE, T. C. R. 1993. The inadequate Ecol. Evol. 18: 494-495. effect of cyclic seed cropping of environment. Nitrogen and the KORPIMÄKI, E. OG NORRDAHL, K. plants: the mast depression abundance of animals. – Springer, 1998. Experimental reduction of hypothesis. – Oikos 80: 257-268. Berlin. predators reverses the crash phase SELÅS, V. 1998. Mast seeding and WOLFF, J. O. OG DAVIS-BORN, R. of small-rodent cycles. – Ecology 79: microtine cyles: a reply to Lennart 1997. Response of gray-tailed voles 2448-2455. Hansson. – Oikos 82: 595-596. to odours of a mustelid predator: a KORPIMÄKI, E., OKSANEN, L., SELÅS, V. 2000. Population dynamics of field experiment. – Oikos 79: 543- OKSANEN, T., KLEMOLA, T., capercaillie Tetrao urogallus in 548. NORRDAHL, K. OG BANKS, P. B. relation to bilberry Vaccinium YLÖNEN, H. 1989. Weasels Mustela 2005. Vole cycles and predation in myrtillus production in southern nivalis suppress reproduction in temperate and boreal zones of Norway. – Wildl. Biol. 6: 1-11. cyclic bank voles Clethrionomys Europe. – J. Anim. Ecol. 74: 1150- SELÅS, V. 2006a. Explaining bank vole glareolus. – Oikos 55: 138-140. 1159. cycles in southern Norway 1980- YLÖNEN, H., VIITALA, J. OG MAPPES, T. KREBS, C. J., BOONSTRA, R., BOUTIN, S. 2004 from bilberry reports 1932- 1991. How much do avian OG SINCLAIR, A.R.E. 2001. What 1977 and climate. – Oecologia 147: predators influence cyclic bank vole drives the 10-year cycle of snowshoe 625-631. populations? An experiment during hares? – BioScience 51: 25-35. SELÅS, V. 2006b. Patterns in grouse and a peak year. – Ann. Zool. Fenn. 28: KREBS, C.J., KENNEY, A. J., GILBERT, S., woodcock hunting statistics from 1-6. DANELL, K., ANGERBJÖRN, A., Central Norway do not support the ERLINGE, S., BROMLEY, R. G., alternative prey hypothesis. – Ibis SHANK, C. OG CARRIERE, S. 2002. 148: 678-686. 33 F2006-1.qxd 18.12.2006 16:03 Page 34 En feltekskursjon til Det Norske Videnskaps- Akademiets gård på Sør-Nesset, Atndalen, forsommeren 1935 Edvard K. Barth og Tor A. Bakke Artikkelen er basert på Edvard K. Barths (1913-1996) feltdagbok fra Zoologisk laboratoriums ekskursjon til Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademiets gård på Sør-Nesset, Atndalen, forsommeren 1935. Dagbok- notatene og et billedmateriale er velvilligst stillet til rådighet av Sonja Barth. Hun har etter E.K. Barths bortgang fortsatt deres omfattende arbeid med kartlegging av middelalderens fangstanlegg for rein, elg og falk i Sør-Norge. Jeg har sammenstilt dagboknotatene og bildene til minne om E.K. Barth som gikk bort for 10 år siden i år. Han var ansatt ved Zoologisk museum (nå Naturhistorisk museum, Seksjon for zoologi), Universitetet i Oslo (UiO) i over 20 år, men som emeritus fortsatte han å arbeide aktivt ved museet helt til det siste. Denne zoologiske ekskursjonen ved Zoologisk laboratorium, deltok han som landzoolog på til Videnskaps-Akademiets gård UiO. Som feltkyndig fungerte den berømte ekspedisjonen til på Sør-Nesset i Atndalen i 1935, Per Høst med tittel vitenskape- øya Tristan da Cunha i Sør- for over 70 år siden – det året lig assistent. Han ble senere Atlanteren. Han var også en tid Zoologisk laboratorium flyttet berømt som dokumentarfilm- ansatt ved Zoologisk museum, fra sentrum av Oslo til Blindern, regissør og laget reiseskildringer UiO, og ble professor og leder av er verd å minnes av flere fra diverse eksotiske strøk som Statens viltundersøkelser på Ås. årsaker. Ikke minst på grunn av var populære på norske kinoer Blant studentene som deltok feltekskursjonens deltagere. på 1940-tallet og utover. Blant på feltekskursjonen finner vi Ekskursjonen ble nemlig ledet annet laget han dokumentar- den senere verdensberømte Thor av Norges første kvinnelige pro- filmen «Galapagos» (1955) sam- Heyerdahl (Figur 3) som ble en fessor, den berømte zoologen men med Thor Heyerdahl og i av de største eventyrerne i det 20. Kristine Bonnevie (Figur 1) som 1957 den kjente filmen «Same århundre, og også Knut Schmidt- hadde hytte («Snefugl») i Jakki». Ornitologen, cand.mag. Nielsen, nå professor emeritus, Rondane, ved siden av amanu- Yngvar Hagen, var den andre æresdoktor ved NTNU (1994) ensis Gudrun Ruud (Figur 2) feltkyndige. To år etter (1937) og en av verdens mest prominente Førstekonservator dr. philos. Edvard Kaurin Barth (1913-1996) startet sine zoologiske studier i 1933 og var en pionér på studiet av temperaturregulering hos fugl. Han ble cand.real. i zoologi ved UiO i 1941, konservator ved Zoologisk museum (ZM), UiO, i 1955 (etter Yngvar Hagen) og dr.philos. i 1968 på et arbeid over sirkumpolare variasjoner hos måkefugler. E.K. Barth ledet Ornitologisk avdeling ved ZM i over 20 år og var en tid bestyrer ved ZM. Barth ble pensjonert i 1980, men som emeritus fortsatte han sitt faglige engasjement ved museet på en rekke felter og ble en meget sterk forkjemper for vern av norsk natur. Bildet er fra 1949. 34 Fauna 59(1-2) 2006: 34-43 F2006-1.qxd 18.12.2006 16:03 Page 35 dyrefysiologer (moren var den første kvinne med doktorgrad i fysikk i Sverige). I Schmidt- Nielsens fascinerende, åpenhjertige og spennende autobiografi «The Camel’s Nose. Memoirs of a curious student» (1998; Island Press / Shearwater Books) har han skrevet om sitt vennskap Figur 1. Ekskursjonslederen til med blant andre Thor Heyerdahl, Sør-Nesset i 1935, professor Per Høst og E.K. Barth fra denne Kristine Bonnevie (1872-1948), tiden midt på 1930-tallet. Boken Zoologisk laboratorium, Biologisk starter slik: «It has been said that institutt (BI), UiO. Her sammen the primary function of schools is med Albert Einstein (1879-1955) Figur 2. Portrett av hjelpelærer to impart enough facts to make på tur i Oslofjorden i 1920. Foto ved ekskursjonen, Gudrun Ruud children stop asking questions. fra: Alma maters døtre 1882- ved Zoologisk laboratorium, BI, Those with whom the schools do 1982, en bildesamling. The head UiO. Her i laboratoriet på not succeed become scientists». of the excursion to Sør-Nesset Biologisk stasjon i Drøbak. Foto E.K. Barth viste allerede fra in 1935, professor Kristine fra: Alma maters døtre 1882- studenttiden av og gjennom hele Bonnevie (1872-1948). Here 1982, en bildesamling. Picture sin karriere, en uvanlig grundig- with Albert Einstein on a trip of assistant teacher at the het og nøyaktighet i alt han on the Oslo fjord in 1920.
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