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06 Sep 2011, Rameshwaram, India BOBLME-2011-Ecology-21 BOBLME-2011-Ecology-21 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal and development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The BOBLME Project encourages the use of this report for study, research, news reporting, criticism or review. Selected passages, tables or diagrams may be reproduced for such purposes provided acknowledgment of the source is included. Major extracts or the entire document may not be reproduced by any process without the written permission of the BOBLME Project Regional Coordinator. BOBLME contract: FBA 2011/196 For bibliographic purposes, please reference this publication as: BOBLME (2011) First bi-lateral consultation meeting on Gulf of Mannar ecosystem, 05 - 06 Sep 2011, Rameshwaram, India BOBLME-2011-Ecology-21 Report of the Bi-National Stakeholder Consultation on Sustaining the Gulf of Mannar Ecosystem and its Resources 5-6 September 2011, Rameshwaram, India 1 First bi-lateral consultation meeting on Gulf of Mannar ecosystem Table of Content Table of Content ........................................................................................ 1 Abbreviations ............................................................................................ 2 Executive Summary ................................................................................... 3 Report ...................................................................................................... 5 A. Background ........................................................................................ 5 B. Opening session (Session I) .................................................................. 5 C. Technical Session (Session II) ............................................................... 6 D. Group discussion and preparation of group reports (Session III) ............. 11 E. Adoption of Recommendations and Conclusion (Session IV) .................... 16 Annexure 1: Prospectus ............................................................................ 18 Annexure 2: Agenda & Time Table ............................................................. 23 Annexure 3: List of Participants ................................................................. 24 Annexure 4: The Bay of Bengal Large Marine Ecosystem Project - Collaborative Critical Habitat Management ...................................................................... 32 Annexure 5: The Gulf of Mannar Ecosystem of India ..................................... 35 Annexure 6: The Gulf of Mannar Ecosystem of Sri Lanka ............................... 46 Annexure 7: Issues regarding Livelihoods in Gulf of Mannar National Park and Biosphere Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India......................................................... 62 Annexure 8: Ecosystem Approach to Marine Fisheries ................................... 71 Annexure 9: Details of Group Discussions ................................................... 79 Annexure 10: Report of Group I ................................................................. 80 Annexure 11: Report of Group II ................................................................ 83 Annexure 12: Report of Group III .............................................................. 85 Annexure 13: Report of Group IV ............................................................... 86 1 First bi-lateral consultation meeting on Gulf of Mannar ecosystem Abbreviations BOB Bay of Bengal BOBLME Bay of Bengal Large Marine Ecosystem BOBP-IGO Bay of Bengal Programme Inter-Governmental Organisation CBO Community-based Organisations CMFRI Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (India) CORDIO Coastal Oceans Research and Development in the Indian Ocean CSMCRI Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, India DAHD&F Department of Animal Husbandry, dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India DMCS Department of Marine and Coastal Studies, Madurai Kamaraj University, India DOF Department of Fisheries DSDs Divisional Secretariat Divisions EAF Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries EEZ Exclusive Economic Zone FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO RAP FAO Regional Office for Asia and Pacific GCRMN Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network GEF Global Environment Facility GIS Geographic Information System GoM Gulf of Mannar GOMNP Gulf of Mannar National Park, India GOMBRT Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve Trust, India ICSF International Collective in Support of Fishworkers IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature IW International Waters LME Large Marine Ecosystem MFARD Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Development, Government of Sri Lanka M/DoEF Ministry/Department of Environment and Forests, Government of India MFF Mangroves For the Future MPA Marine Protected Area NARA National Aquatic Resources Research and Development Agency, Sri Lanka NGO Non-Governmental Organisations PSC Project Steering Committee RCU Regional Coordinating Unit of the BOBLME Project SACEP South Asia Co-operative Environment Programme SAP Strategic Action Programme of BOBLME Project spp. Species (plural) SSF Small-Scale Fisheries UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNEP United Nations Environment Programme ZSI Zoological Survey of India *** 2 First bi-lateral consultation meeting on Gulf of Mannar ecosystem Executive Summary A Bi-National Stakeholder Consultation on Sustaining the Gulf of Mannar (GoM) Ecosystem and its Resources was organised from 5-6 September 2011 in Rameshwaram, India involving stakeholders from India and Sri Lanka. The Consultation was jointly organized by the Bay of Bengal Large Marine Ecosystem (BOBLME) Project and the Bay of Bengal Programme Inter-Governmental Organisation (BOBP-IGO). 54 participants representing governmental agencies; research institutes and universities; fishermen associations of both the countries and concerned international organizations including the Organizers took part. The aim of the Consultation was to bring the stakeholders together and initiate a process of dialogue which is expected to culminate in an ecosystem-based management framework for the GoM – a critical habitat. The objectives were to evaluate policy, science and information regarding the GoM and raising its profile in regional discourse. The Consultation was carried out in four sessions. Three status papers on state of resources and livelihoods in GoM and one paper on ecosystem approach to fisheries were presented. The status papers described a myriad of problems in the GoM including the health of the resource and the scope of livelihoods. Based on the status papers, four task groups were constituted with specific mandate to: (i) review the existing management measures in the GoM and lessons learned from the past initiatives while identifying the concerned stakeholders and the role they are playing in the GoM ecosystem; (ii) identification of gaps in available information (biological and socio-economic) on the GoM ecosystem to delineate the status of the ecosystem and measures needed to address them; (iii) understanding trans-boundary importance and issues of the GoM ecosystem and modalities to approach them; and (iv) strengthening bi-national cooperation in managing the GoM ecosystem and moving towards an Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries (EAF). Based on the recommendations made by the Groups, five priority initiatives were agreed for implementation with the support of the BOBLME Project: (i) Collaborative effort in conservation and management of charismatic species (e.g. Dugong, etc); (ii) Capacity building and training (e.g. stock assessment, water quality monitoring and use of GIS and remote sensing); (iii) Education and awareness building; (iv) Strengthening of data collection and processing mechanism; and (v) Sharing of information and networking. It was also agreed that the initial support of the BOBLME Project to implement the above activities will be in the form of capacity building. At the next Consultation, which was agreed to be held in Sri Lanka, these initiatives will be developed into projects and programmes. Once developed, these projects and programmes will be finalized at the final Consultation due in 2012. It was also agreed that these projects will be implemented under the aegis of the BOBLME Project and its partner organizations such as BOBP-IGO and Mangroves for the Future. At the next Consultation institutional arrangements for bilateral cooperation between India and Sri Lanka will also be developed. These will be finalized at the final Consultation. *** 3 First bi-lateral consultation meeting on Gulf of Mannar ecosystem Krusudai Island Forests in Participants visiting the Information of Centre the Department of 4 First bi-lateral consultation meeting on Gulf of Mannar ecosystem Report A. Background 1.0 The Gulf of Mannar (GoM) is an ecologically important critical habitat shared by India and Sri Lanka. Within the framework of the Bay of Bengal Large Marine Ecosystem (BOBLME) Project, the Governments of India and Sri Lanka have the scope to work together to establish a collaborative arrangement for management of the GoM ecosystem. Such collaborative arrangements can ensure that decisions are made on the use of the GoM resources with due consideration to both ecological and human well- being and do not compromise on the needs of
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