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220 Kv Mannar-Nadukuda Transmission Li Environment Impact Assessment Document Stage: Update Project Number: 47037-005 (SRI) September 2016 SRI: Green Power Development and Energy Efficiency Improvement Investment Program – Tranche 2 (SRI: 220 kV Mannar–Nadukuda Transmission Line Project) Volume 1 of 2 Prepared by Ceylon Electricity Board, Ministry of Power and Renewable Energy, Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka for the Asian Development Bank. This is an updated version of the draft originally posted in July 2016 available on https://www.adb.org/projects/documents/sri- gpdeeiip-mannar-nadukuda-tl-jul-2016-eia. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 30 September 2016) Currency unit – Sri Lankan rupee/s(SLRe/SLRs) SLRe1.00 = $0.00682 $1.00 = SLRs146.55 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank CEA – Central Environmental Authority CEB – Ceylon Electricity Board CPS – Country Partnership Strategy DoF – Department of Forest DS – District Secretary DSD – District Secretaries Division DWC – Department of Wildlife Conservation EA – Executing Agency EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMoP – Environmental Monitoring Plan EMP – Environmental Management Plan EPC – Engineering Procurement and Construction GoSL – Government of Sri Lanka GRM – Grievance Redress Mechanism IA – Implementing Agency IEE – Initial Environmental Examination JICA – Japan International Co-operation Agency LA – Local Authority LARC – Land Acquisition and Resettlement Committee MASL – metre above sea level MCM – million cubic metre MoMDE – Ministry of Mahaweli Development and Environment MPRE – Ministry of Power and Renewable Energy MSL – Mean Sea Level NARA – National Aquatic Resources Research & Development Agency NEA – National Environmental Act NEPS – National Energy Policy and Strategies PIU – Project Implement Unit PRDA – Provincial Road Development Authority PUCSL – Public Utility Commission of Sri Lanka RDA – Road Development Authority RE – Rural Electrification RoW – Right of Way SLSEA – Sri Lanka Sustainable Energy Authority WEIGHTS AND MEASURES GWh – 1 gigawatt hour = 1000 Megawatt hour 1 ha – 1 hectare=10,000 sq.meters km – 1 kilometre = 1000 meters kV – 1 kilovolt =1,000 volts MW – 1 megawatt = 1000 Kilowatt NOTE The fiscal year (FY) of the Government of Sri Lanka and its agencies ends on 31 December. “FY” before a calendar year denotes the year in which the fiscal year ends, e.g., FY2011 ends on 31 December month 2011. This environmental impact assessment is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE viii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION 5 1.1 Background 5 1.2 Approach and Rationale 6 1.3 Scope of Work of the EIA document 8 1.4 Data Collection and Survey 9 2.0 POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 11 2.1 Applicable Environmental and other Legislations 11 2.2 Multinational Agreements 13 2.3 Ramsar Convention - Official Guidelines 14 2.4 Asian Development Bank’s Safeguards Policies 16 2.5 Other documents relevant to ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 16 3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 18 3.1 The Project 18 3.2 Type of Project 19 3.3 Justification of the Project 19 3.4 Location 19 3.5 Size and Magnitude of the Operation 21 4.0 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT (BASELINE DATA) 26 4.1 Mannar District (General) 26 4.2 Baseline Data for Study Area 38 4.3 Physical Resources Assessment 38 4.4 Hydrological and Hydrogeological assessment in Study Area. 52 4.5 Landuse Assessment 56 4.6 Ecological Resources Assessment 60 4.7 Avian Critical Habitat Assessment 101 5.0 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 108 5.1 Environment Impacts and Mitigation Measures outside Vankalai Sanctuary 108 5.2 Environmental Impacts inside Vanakalai Sanctuary 122 5.3 Cumulative and Induced Impacts 131 6.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 137 6.1 CEB’S Approach for Route Selection 137 6.2 Grid Substations 137 6.3 Transmission Line 139 6.4 Associated Facility – Wind Parks blocks 149 7.0 INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION 153 7.1 Information Disclosure 153 7.2 Consultation Findings 154 8.0 GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 158 8.1 Awareness of Stakeholders 158 8.2 The Grievance Redress Mechanism and PUCSL 158 9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 162 9.1 Environmental Management Plan 162 9.2 Bio-diversity Management Plan (within Vankalai Sanctuary - 7 km transmission line) 166 9.3 Construction Method Statement 166 9.4 Mitigation Measures 167 9.5 Monitoring - Environmental Monitoring Plan (EMoP) 171 9.6 Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan Budget Costs 177 9.7 Institutional arrangements 178 10.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 184 ANNEXURES Annexure 1 Applicable Environmental Policy and Procedures 186 Annexure 2 Approval of IEE under NEA by Central Environment Authority (CEA), Sri Lanka 199 Annexure 3 Consent to IEE by Department of Wildlife Conservation (DWC) 206 Annexure 4 Inventorisation along the Transmission Lines 208 Annexure 5 Environment Management Plan (EMP) including Checklist for Construction Method Statement 212 Annexure 6 Environmental Parameters and Periodicity for Environmental Monitoring Plan 224 Annexure 7 Environmental Safeguard Monitoring Report 228 Annexure 8 Outline of Biodiversity Management Action Plan for Transmission Line 230 Annexure 9 Granting of Necessary Wayleaves for Electricity Networks in Sri Lanka - Guidelines for Licensees, Divisional Secretaries and Landowners and/or Occupiers 238 Annexure 10 Economic Analysis - Technical Options 242 Annexure 11 Consent Letters from Stakeholders to CEB’s 100 MW Wind Park 245 Annexure 12 Outline of Construction Statement Method 262 Document Stage Version Date Sections edited Authors Remarks Version 1.0 & November 2013 Volume 2 Rajat Jain, Inclusion of GIS landuse 2.0 and January Balangoda mapping, habitat 2014 Singhakumara, mapping, Hydrogeology, Prof Devaka marine flora and fauna as well information on migratory birds Version 3.0 February 2014 Volume 1 and 2 Rajat Jain, Appropriate sections (Posted on International marine and CEB website) Environment environmental parameter Specialist added. Submitted to Prof. B M P RSES for review. Singhakumara, Request for additional National bird survey-vantage Flora/Habitats points, avian collision risk Specialist modelling etc. Prof. Devaka Weerakoon, National Fauna Sp. Dr. Daham Taranaga Jayawardana, National GIS specialist/ Geologist Dr. Kamal Ranatunge, National Marine Ecologist K.M. Prematilake, National Hydrogeologist Version 4.0 May 2016 Volume 1, 2, Rajat Jain Volume 2 contains Avian added Volume 3 Balangoda Collision Risk and Volume 4 Singhakumara Assessment Report Avian Collision Volume 3 appended with Study by Dr. Steve IEE for transmission line Percival, and EIA for wind park International Ornithologist Bird Survey Volume 4 Details of all Sample data public consultations at formats (2014- various sites, NGOs/bird 2016) by Prof clubs/Environmental Devaka bodies Version 5.0 June 2016 Revised to Volume Rajat Jain Updates with bird data, 1 and 2 only Balangoda edited of Avian Collision Singhakumara, Risk Assessment Report Devaka Weerakoon, Kamal Approval of DWC for 100 Rantunge, Daham MW windpark and Taranga, Dr. Steve Deletes the IEE for Percival, Reinzie transmission line and Fernandao Masterplan for wind park Details of public consultations appended Economic and Financial Analysis of Alternatives Version 6.0 September Volume 2 with Rajat Jain, Reinzie Critical Habitat 2016 Avian Critical Fernando, Dr. Assessment, rerun of Habitat Steve Percival, Dr Avian Collision Risk Assessment Devaka Assessment for less Report. Weerakoon, turbines in 100 MW wind Balangoda farm and inclusion of Singhakumara mitigation in transmission lines PREFACE This document describes the environmental studies conducted for the 220 kV Mannar–Nadukuda transmission line project in Mannar, Sri Lanka. These studies were conducted between 2014 and 2016 on behalf of the Project Proponent - The Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB). This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), prepared according to the Asian Development Bank (ADB)’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS) 2009 for evaluation of project impacts and mitigation measure, comprises of the following: Environmental Management Plan (EMP) including guideline for Construction Method Statement prepared to comply with the ADB SPS 2009 and Ramsar Wetland Convention. Environment Monitoring Plan (EMoP) and Grievance Redress Machenism, including public disclosure according to ADB SPS 2009 and the Ramsar Wetland Convention guidelines. Additional Avian data - Bird Vantage Point surveys, Flight Path, and Water Hole studies conducted by Dr. Devaka Weerakoon between 2014-16; wetland ecology, and other environmental data, data on marine flora and fauna, hydrogeology and GIS mapping collected in 2014. Avian Critical Habitat Assessment Report prepared by Dr. Steve Percival and Prof. Devaka Weerakoon. Avian Collision Risk Assessment Report (2016) by Dr. Steve Percival based on avian data collected between 2014-2016 for the entire Mannar island including the 7 km long transmission line area inside the designated Ramsar Wetland area and the Wind Park
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