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Democratic Republic of the Congo Nord-Kivu As of 01 August 2019 ± Irumu Kisui Mambasa Ibanda Kakuka I Kitsimba Bango Muzirandulu ITURI Bulemba Kamungu Mutido Eringeti Abia Muchongwe Bunake Lesse Buloho Mambabio Makembi Tsutsubo Kasona Atondja Babia Mamove Bilimani Linzo Chuchubo Opira III Opira II Opira Atokaka Kambi Ya Yu Tingba Manzali Kokola Tingba II, Mayi moya Parking III(Kasojo) Liva III Ngilingili Kisiki II Tungudu Molopia Maleki Pamoli Maibo Mulopia II Kisikivi Mukoko II Abialose Ndiva I Mandumbi Mbaunza Kinzazaba ina Kebikeba Anzuma Kinzazaba IV D Ib Kolikoko Sesele Mukakati II Kazaroho Katibombo Gawa Oicha Tenambo Mapobu D Mamunjoma IV Nduani Totolito I Ngelengele Kitimba Mukakira Mpoku II Buloloma Totolito II Mampaghani Kitimba IV Tinameme Bovata Mbau Kele-Kele Matunduluko Mumio Busunga Kitoho Mamuli D Lebia Matango Mataji Sikwaila II Musu Sungu III Makeke Manzumbunzu e Mangina Ngite- kubechi Kombo I l D u Mununzi Mutube h Kiviriri u Mununze Manyuba Mavivi Ngite Motunguna 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Kaliva Chutes Biaboye Motokolea Lose Vulambayiri Kimali Papi Vusayiro Petenga Mangurejipa Ntoyo Bukoka Mahungu Vitongo Bulimba Musimbila I Kiondo Nzenga Lumba Mashua Mandelya Kinyimbungu Kakalali Pombi Kitolu Mbil Manzingi Buthungu Butugha Libokora Kainga Etaeto Eohe Mahoho Kilo Hurara Katsa Mambia Kaliberio Kaseghe Lombi Pabuka Erivale Basamba Logobi Ngoma Njiapanda Mbilinga Mutwanga Masoya II Kalunguta Lukono Malambo Kavali Kathanda Lisasa Balombi Mutsora Asangwa Makwasori Kanimba Kamikenge Kidolo II Mbongia Mako Kamirihi Ngubi Luwulo Matuna Manduli Bafwasende Vukoka Masangabo Lume Kambathama Kaheku III Kundia Mambasa Kialala Maboya Lisasa II Kathalio Loku Kamwisi Tembe Sabani Mihanga Makusa Vulamiro Matale Vuteke Muhororo Sambalisa II Sedu Kaniyi Rwahwa Iswaza Kilibata I Mabyango I Vunzuli Kabiabo Kikio Kanyihunga Vurondo Malepe Mbili Nyangaleka Masana Kakova Manzeku Mbata Moheta Kiavisale Murambi Ombole Mokeli Mutitiro Kiabisale Busero II Ebitu Sambalisa I Vukwera Luvika Butuhe Kisima Busiho Malia-Bwana Migheri Kivetya Vughombwe Rugetsi Kyalamahindi Naombia Masiki kalonge Buseru Lumbula Nzalihwa Vuvo Maiba Kialamahind Misuho Punza Kivombo Mulambayiro Karongo Kisesa Kyanyama iya Kasaka Ndigha Kalwa I Lime I Kitamyaka Ta Mukoku Bukira Mumbiri TSHOPO Moriso Vuhongera Sindani Vutondi Makungwe II Kalengehya Kambaila Thima Bemie Kiragho Kayangiro Makungwe Kivandya Masambo Mbalasi Katambi Bulema Kahondo Muhongue Muramba Munamansi Itili Buteriso Kahuru Vutwigha Butembo Busega Embiami Lyanga Kanihi Bungwe Kizumbura Katanga Mososa Ndavakwa Isale Bwino Kitongote Vukere M Muhayirwa Busali Nyahongha Thako Tanandale Butumbe Wasa Masuli Irangira o Katwa Tako Kalemia su Isere s Isumba Kinihya Kavasinza a Busese Ihunga Vutumbe Ndeko Mitiri Ivugha Katolu Kambo Nguva Lumo Kalundu Kasomero Lubango Kamirongo Kudo Matembo Bohano Mupo Magherya Muranda Kaheku Mazia Titi Nguna Munoli Vwitere Viakuno Kayongo Kasindi Vutengwa Malihi Vusa Isango Kamanyerere D Muli-Matiso Vusovoli Vwiti 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Mandere Muhanga Kibukulu Kiniyi Kisingiri Mitimikame Kighogho Kandole Kamuhina Bunyatenge Itondwe Irongo Lunyasenge Kenia-Lutol Kongomani Mulito Hutwe Katundu Kalumba Bunombo Bukou Kiaramba Lindi Bukokolo Mabono Lubaku Lukuka Kalemba_Lac II Makutano Lutunguru Kiripa Bingi Kakonza Kyangusu Kagezi Kanyatsi Butungi Mbirizi Malubo Mwekwe Fungafunga Mupando Bahanika Masika Muhuka Ngungu Muhungama Kaseghe Sake Bitimba Masima Tshungo Kassitu Muhirimbo Majengo Numbi Vitimba Kabikere Rukambura Makulu Ngangi Mumamo Talihia Bitakongo Kahembako Buliba Bwatsinge Burambia Kanzanza Kanyabayongi Kumbagara Buniakahembe Kasezera talias Rubangee Tchamba Bukomerwa Mulinga Kipuli Kanyabayangere Mutenda Mutoyi Chesero Birera Mushenge Mighobwe Kolose Kakuru Katenga Kasando Kirumba Kinyamahiro Kitimbo Kaleke Bilati Niungu Mbuhuku Ruvugha Kikuvo Lukoto I Nyakakoma Tuberi Bukumbera Milusa Mbwavinwa Bulotwa Kaniatsi Kisunga Kamandi gite Bushalira Kiamba Bungenie Kamandi Lac Kigali Butalika Lushuli Bwasa Kayna Tashaboganga Busanga Butaleka Nduala Kalehe Kaumo I Kamu Luhanga Vuhuyo Û Kabuya Birwa Mukondoli Lushoa Muhendu Bukangi Kanyandahi Kashetsi Kataro Kibu E" Matanda TC Mapinga Biringa Mwembi Bukwesha Kawanga Buheri Katakala Mugora Kafunzo Biriku Ibatama Kanune Muhola Kalia Mogera Bukokorome Katundila Kiritsa Bishebere Vitshumbi Katerekeraro Bushalingwa Mukomomole Kifunzo Nyamushenge Kanyabayonga Nyabuki Bwera Kamohorera Kinyonyu Mugushwagobie Ngwira Manyia Savannah MANIEMA Bukonde Bunesa Buololi Tambede Kisongia Ituberi Karehema Miriki Itanda Buragiza Kahi Rwasunu Airstrip Mirombo Murobwa Kasole Ruhakabo D Kanyabayunza Kagemere Katshira Nyakukua Ishasha Ishasa Mangwa Tshambi Kahanga Kagera sa Kiteku Lulinde Itundula Mitero Nyaruhange Lubutu e Kabongorero Bogangari Kaynero Kasoso M Buluko Maasha Vupaka Kalimbo Murungi Butimba Butolera Kyniamuhaga Nyakisora Maymoya Bukumbirwa Rusamambo Kashwa Bulindi Kinyambohu Kienzi Maruho Kawa Kikovu Rwindi Rwamarehe NORD-KIVU Buteba D Malumba Mukoka Muhele Nyahurengi Kabingo Bubishi Birundule Kareke Kategoro Nyabirehe Busakara 1 Mukenge Kase2 Hangira Bulangere Borengo Kitagoma Busakara 2 Lusoha Kase1 Nyamitembe Ighobora Matoto Kibiro Buganza Bilati Malegwe Kinyitaba Nkombe Munzanga Luhulu Mushingo Buzingo Nyamwisi i I Tshanzerwa Bignora d vi Kisone Niamalere Busisimula Matopfu Musima in Munyakera Minova w Kitwa I Mirangi Rwaza R Nyamilima D Butogota Muheli Buhimba Rushake Kapfumo Mai ya Moto Nyamitwitwi Kankuba D Besse Kabondwe Kibirizi Murembwe Rutikwabuganda Butsimula Kaunju Kabanda Butambo Obokala Kitanda Butsiri Bushendo Kivungira Kinyanda Kihororo Bishike Mutoha Ndangho Nyabihongo Kikulude Mugheghera Mukungu Buramba Nikila Kakuku Bironga Mpompi Kibingu Kisharo Mirambi Nzoka Nyamalere Mutanda Katwiguru Oso Kananda Katobi Minzenze Katobo Kalubiya Malianga Kise Kahumiro Busagiri Kikumiliro Peti Kahuko katolo Makoka Mushumba Kitshanga Pinga Burai Malemo Mushikiri Kighalye Kirima Kiseguro Kabumba Ihula Katikinyange Kasave Kikuku Katoro Buyoya II Bwuma Kabrangiriro Nyazole Muho Rusaka Kihito Nyakahanga Ngingwe Mayashumbi Malama Ngoroba Mugende Biriba Mutalugwa Bitongi Nyanzale Mabenga Kiseguru Makwera Binuka Kiniatsi Kishishe Botokolo Mukaka Lukala Mumo Kalembe Busaruru Nyabanira Kasave D Nteko Ikiro Binja Masiza Kitunda Kisheshe Kigunga Batokolo Rugoma Singa Nyabite Nkwenda Nyabanira II Binza Kashuga Katehe Ngwen Misinga Harama Katolo da Makote Mihara Munguli Musai Kasali Buseregenya Burumbi Mwendabandu Bushenge Muti Kataka Nyarukwangara Bisie Bukutsha Bulende Lukweti Kiyeye Mushay Mulalamule Kinyandoni Rugashara Lukumbi Pilote Bambo
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  • Walikale Nicholas Garrett Artisanal Cassiterite Mining and Trade in North Kivu June 1, 2008 Implications for Poverty Reduction and Security

    Walikale Nicholas Garrett Artisanal Cassiterite Mining and Trade in North Kivu June 1, 2008 Implications for Poverty Reduction and Security

    Walikale Nicholas Garrett Artisanal Cassiterite Mining and Trade in North Kivu June 1, 2008 Implications for Poverty Reduction and Security 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was prepared by Nicholas Garrett for the Communities and Artisanal & Small-scale Mining initiative (CASM). Nicholas Garrett is a Mining Consultant from the UK Resource Consulting Services Ltd (RSS), and specialising in conflict and post-conflict minerals management and corporate social responsibility in high-risk environments. The contribution of Estelle A. Levin and Harrison Mitchell (RSS) and of those who have reviewed the final report is acknowledged, as well as to everyone who provided support to the author to conduct extensive research on the ground in the DR Congo. Front cover photo: Artisanal cassiterite mining in Bisie, North Kivu/DRC © Nicholas Garrett Disclaimer: The views expressed in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of CASM or other organizations. 2 CONTENTS List of Acronyms 5 Sections Preface and Methodology 6 Synopsis 7 Background and Context 12 Legal Framework 18 Governance 23 Geography, Physical Access, Infrastructure and Transport 32 Structure of Production 37 Economics of Production 41 Economics of Trade 43 Payments to Authorities 56 Demography and Poverty 63 External Stakeholders and Development Assistance 62 Conclusion and Recommendations 76 Bibliography 87 Fact Boxes Box 1: What is Cassiterite? 13 Box 2: Key Features of Artisanal Mining (AM) in North Kivu 16 Box 3: SAESSCAM 22 Box 4: Workers’ Income in Bisie