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Maulana Azad Library, Aligarh Muslim University SOCIETY AND CULTURE AMONG SHIA MUSLIMS: STUDY OF KASHMIR VALLEY THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF Doctor of Philosophy IN SOCIOLOGY BY SHAHNAWAZ HUSSAIN BHAT UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF: PROF. (DR.) SYED ZAINUDDIN Maulana Azad Library, Aligarh Muslim University DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH (INDIA)-202002 2019 ANNEXURE-ΙΙΙ COPYRIGHT TRANSFER CERTIFICATE Title of the Thesis: SOCIETY AND CULTURE AMONG SHIA MUSLIMS: STUDY OF KASHMIR VALLEY Candidate’s Name: Shahnawaz Hussain Bhat COPYRIGHT TRANSFER The undersigned hereby assigns to the Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh copyright that may exist in and for the above thesis submitted for the award of the Ph.D. degree. Signature of the Candidate Note: However, the author may reproduce or authorize others to reproduce material extracted verbatim from the thesis or derivative of the thesis for author’s personal use provide that the source and the University’s copyright notice are Maulanaindicated Azad. Library, Aligarh Muslim University CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION I, Shahnawaz Hussain Bhat, Department of Sociology, certify that the work embodied in this Ph.D. thesis is my own bonafide work carried out by me under the supervision of Prof. Syed Zainuddin at Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. The matter embodied in this Ph.D. thesis has not been submitted for the award of any other degree. I declare that I have faithfully acknowledged, given credit to and referred to the research workers wherever their works have been cited in the text and the body of the thesis. I further certify that I have not wilfully lifted up some other’s work, para, text, data, result, etc., reported in the journals, books, magazines, reports, dissertations, thesis, etc., or available at web-sites and included them in this Ph.D. thesis and cited as my own work. Date: (Shahnawaz Hussain Bhat) En. No.: GE8833 ………………………………………………………………………………………….. CERTIFICATE FROM THE SUPERVISOR This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidate is correct to the best of my knowledge. Prof. Syed Zainuddin (Professor) Department of Sociology Aligarh Muslim University, Maulana Azad Library, Aligarh MuslimAligarh University (Signature of the Chairman of the Department with seal) DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY CHAIRMAN ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH-202002 (INDIA) Phone: 0571-2707077 (External) Ref. No……………… Dated:………………………. COURSE/COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION/PRE-SUBMISSION SEMINAR COMPLETION CERTIFICATE This is to certify that Mr. Shahnawaz Hussain Bhat, Department of Sociology has satisfactorily completed the course work/comprehensive examination and pre-submission seminar requirement which is part of his Ph.D. programme. (Prof. Syed Zainuddin) Maulana Azad Library, Aligarh Muslim University ACKNOWLEDGEMENT اﻟﺤﻤﺪ ﷲ رب اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﯿﻦ All praise to Allah the Lord of the world for providing me with the confidence and determination in accomplishing the work. May peace be upon the Leader of the Prophets, Hazrat-e-Muhammad Mustafa (s), and his household, who have been the source of knowledge and guidance for all. The present work is being submitted almost after six years, the reason being the vast and difficult nature of the scholarshipand thevicissitudes of life. At many moments throughout this research work, the day of submission seemed too distant to reach. the work is eventually seeing the day. It has been a long and at times اﻟﺤﻤﺪ ﷲBut daunting journey. This would not have been possible without the support of many great individuals who deserveto be acknowledged for their contribution, suggestions, advices, love, support, care, concern and time. To start this academic ritual,I would like to acknowledge my indebtedness and render my warmest thanks to my supervisor, also the Chairman of the department,Prof. (Dr.) Syed Zainuddin, for the continuous support I received through his motivation, guidance, patience, subject expertise and care during my entire Ph.D. programme. I feel short of words to define his kind nature and the exemplary character.Indeed, without his splendid benefaction, the present work would not have seen the light of the day. My gratitude is due to Prof. Abdul Waheed, of the Departmentof Sociology for inculcating ethics of doing true sociology in me.His suggestions never being untimely, added to the richnessof this work. The work would not have been accomplished without the insightful comments, constructive criticism and encouragement provided byother faculty members of the department also including Prof. M. Akram, Prof. P.K. Mathur,Prof. A. Matin, Dr. Shireen Sadiq, Dr. Sameena and Dr. Irfanullah. The work is the yield of what they Maulana Azad Library, Aligarh Muslim University had sown in me during and after my Master’s degree. The non-teaching staff members of the department Syed Riyaz Abass (seminar librarian) Irfan Bhai,Aijaz Bhai, Vishal Bhai,Chand Bhai, Manoj and Khalid andhave i always been very helpful and supportive enough during the entire tenure of stay in department. I am highly grateful to my Alma mater-Aligarh Muslim University, a prestigious seat of learning,which considered me to pursue studies in the calm, beautiful and homely atmosphere, laced with all sort of modern educational and technological advancements for the better teaching and learning atmosphere. The administrative, teaching and non-teaching staff of the university deserves special praise and appreciations in maintaining the suitable atmosphere for teaching and learning process. The treasured libraries both at the department and Maulana Azad Library, the staff, have their commendable contribution in the work. I also owe my special thanks to Fatima Hasan,Semi Professional Assistant at Maulana Azad Library for taking pains in providing material, indispensable for the study in accessible format whenever requested. I fall short of words to express my gratitude to my friend Dr. Sheikh Idrees Mujtaba for his contribution throughout every leaf of this thesis including; statistical part, proof reading and tiresome designing, and above all for being there with me in tough times. I am highly indebted to my nephew master Mohammad Mujtaba in accompanying the field work and assisting in data entry. I will always remember how enthusiastically he (12 years old then) would ask question to my respondents “yemis sith khandar chuv kerith timan sith chuve rishte kenh?”(Do you have any blood relations with your spouse?). I also appreciate the love and respect I receive from Mohammad Waiz and Anees Mohammad. The above 3 M’s are my hope and they will surely fulfil this hopefulness. I would also like to thank Prof. V.K. Srivastava from department of Anthropology, Delhi University, and Prof. (retd) Nadeem Hasnain from department of Anthropology, MaulanaUniversity of LucknowAzad for Library, their valuable commentsAligarh and suggestionsMuslim when Universityat its inception the thesis was striving for direction for the future course. I would also wish to express my gratitude to some important personalities, who have proved asrich resource persons for my field work like Haji Ghulam Mohammad ii Rather, Sayyid Afzal Rizvi (Bagwanpora), Ghulam Ali Gulzar, Ali Mohamad Qasmi, Rather Sahab (Budgam), Ghulam Hussain Mattoo and Khaaki Fakeer of Khoshipura HMT. I feel an honour to specially thank Manzoor Ahmad and Qazi Sarah Rasheed, who have been more than friends in providing their support and suggestions.Their friendly guidance and advice have been invaluable throughout all stages of the work.It is fairly impossible for me and would take epochs to acknowledge the contribution of Dr. Zeenat T throughout all the stages of this work from the moment of its inception. May the person always be bestowed with peace and prosperity! This thesis would not have been possible without the inspiration and support of a number of wonderful individuals — my thanks and appreciation to all of them for being part of this journey and making this thesis possible. I would appreciate and thank all my friends like Dr. Shahnawaz Ali Bhat, Tahir Ali Rather, Dr. Rumman Gul, Altaf Hussain, Raja Muneer, Shahid Ahmed, Wafi Ahmed, Sana Rehman, Mubeena, Dr. Taskeena Hasan, Yawar Sadiq Haroon, Dr. Razdha Parveen, Nahida Rohi and Tanveer Ahmed who in particular deserves special mention for proof reading. There are surely contributions of Rameez Ahmad, Akhtar Hussain, Rabiya, Ahrar, Prafull, Imtiyaz,Junaid, Sumbul, Afaq and many more only to name a few. Thanks are also due to all my seniors, friends and colleagues who have always been around.Dr. Fayaz Bhai, Dr. Zulfikar Bhai, Dr. Masood Bhai, Dr. Afzal Bhai, Dr. Aijaz Bhai, Dr. Zahoor Bhai, have provided me with the necessary support and directions at every juncture of the work. It is my joyful duty to thank Salman Murtaza and Sarosh Ahmad for their love and respect inside and outside hostel. The later also assisted in typing when needed, for which I am highly indebted to him. My loads of love for my friend Dr. Syed Ashfaq who has been on my side in my ups and downs since class IV. MaulanaThe space Azad here will Library, without doubt Aligarh be too insufficient Muslim to express University my heartfelt thankfulness to all my teachers till date right from my primary to doctorate level. I am highly indebted to each one of them for their respective efforts in shaping me to whatever and wherever I am today. The teachers at Imamia Public school, RMP Hr. iii Secondary School, Govt. degree college Bemina and as already mentioned Aligarh Muslim University deserve special mention in shaping my character. Mrs. Amatuz Zehra deserves the paramount thankfulness for being a motherly figure from the last 6 years of my stay in Aligarh. It has always been a home like sensation at their residence. I would also like to thank the funding agency ICMR for providing timely fellowship during my entire tenure as a junior and senior research fellow. I shall be failing in my duty if I do not record the encouragement and support I received from all the relatives, friends and neighbours.
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