Greek Monumental Tombs

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Greek Monumental Tombs VENUE toP oi buiLdinG dahleM Hit torFstr. 18, 14195 berLin orGanization and ContaC t Greek Caroline Huguenot, Christof berns institut für klassische archäologie der Fu berlin otto von simson str. 11, 14195 berlin tel. +49.30.838-53712 MonuMentaL [email protected] [email protected] toMbs regional Patterns and their reception in the aegean World during the Classical and Hellenistic Periods supported by: www.topoi.org Workshop | February 10–11, 2012 Friday, 10.2. saturday, 11.2. 9.00 Michael Meyer (Director of the Excellence Cluster Lo C aL reCeP tion and adaP tation oF Topoi, FU Berlin) ModeL s Greeting 9.00 Johanna Fabricius (Freie Universität Berlin): 9.15 Caroline Huguenot / Christof Berns Von feinen und großen Unterschieden: Soziale Distink- Introduction tion und die Architektur repräsentativer Grabanlagen des Hellenismus de VeLopment oF ModeL s 9.40 Martin Seyer (Österreichisches Archäologisches 9.30 Georgia Karamitrou-Mentesidi (30th Ephorate, Institut Wien): Monumental Tombs in Lycia Aiani): Aiani: The Monumental Tombs of the Royal 10.20 Olivier Henry (Institut Français d’Etudes Anato- Necropolis liennes, Istanbul): Towards Monumentality: The 10.10 Barbara Schmidt-Dounas (Aristotle University of Necropolis of Labraunda in the 4th Century BC Thessaloniki): Tomb A of Katerini and Monumental 11.00 Coffee break Cist-Graves in Macedonia 10.50 Coffee break 11.20 Christof Berns (Freie Universität Berlin): Two Kinds of Monumental Tomb Architecture 11.10 Andreas Scholl (Antikensammlung Berlin): at Cnidus Attic Tomb Architecture – A Sketch of its Develop- 12.00 Felix Pirson (DAI Istanbul) / Ute Kelp (DAI Berlin): ment from the 7th to the Late 4th Century BC The Tumuli of Pergamon and Macedonian Chamber 11.50 Maria Stamatopoulou (Oxford, Lincoln College)/ Tombs Stella Katakouta (15th Ephorate, Larissa): Monumental Funerary Architecture in Thessaly 12.40 Lunch 12.30 Lunch 14.10 Dimitra Malamidou (18. Ephorate, Kavala): Aspects of Monumentality in the Funerary 14.00 Frank Rumscheid (Universität Bonn): Architecture of Amphipolis, Northern Greece Hekatomnidengräber in Halikarnassos und Mylasa 14.50 Paul Widera (Freie Universität Berlin): 14.40 Reinhard Heinz (Wien): Monumentality and Monumental Tombs on the Peloponnesos Refinement - The Architecture of the Belevi Mausoleum 15.30 Coffee break 15.20 Coffee break 15.50 Mustafa Sahin (Uludag Üniversitesi Bursa): Ein Kammergrab mit Dromos in Bursa-Görükle MechanisMs oF suPr a - reGionaL 16.30 Hakan Mert (Uludag Üniversitesi Bursa): diffusion Bithynische Tumuli. Zur Monumentalisierung einer 15.40 Hans von Mangoldt (Universität Tübingen): traditionellen Grabform in hellenistischer Zeit The Origins of the Voussoir Vault and its Early Occurrence in the Greek World 17.10 Concluding Discussion 16.20 Caroline Huguenot (Freie Universität Berlin): Macedonian Tombs in Greece and Asia Minor. A Comparison 17.00 Anne-Marie Guimier-Sorbets (Université Paris X-Nanterre): From Macedonia to the Lagid Capital: Architecture and Decoration of Alexandrian Monumental Tombs.
Recommended publications
  • For Municipal Solid Waste Management in Greece
    Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity Article Description and Economic Evaluation of a “Zero-Waste Mortar-Producing Process” for Municipal Solid Waste Management in Greece Alexandros Sikalidis 1,2 and Christina Emmanouil 3,* 1 Amsterdam Business School, Accounting Section, University of Amsterdam, 1012 WX Amsterdam, The Netherlands 2 Faculty of Economics, Business and Legal Studies, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece 3 School of Spatial Planning and Development, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +30-2310-995638 Received: 2 July 2019; Accepted: 19 July 2019; Published: 23 July 2019 Abstract: The constant increase of municipal solid wastes (MSW) as well as their daily management pose a major challenge to European countries. A significant percentage of MSW originates from household activities. In this study we calculate the costs of setting up and running a zero-waste mortar-producing (ZWMP) process utilizing MSW in Northern Greece. The process is based on a thermal co-processing of properly dried and processed MSW with raw materials (limestone, clay materials, silicates and iron oxides) needed for the production of clinker and consequently of mortar in accordance with the Greek Patent 1003333, which has been proven to be an environmentally friendly process. According to our estimations, the amount of MSW generated in Central Macedonia, Western Macedonia and Eastern Macedonia and Thrace regions, which is conservatively estimated at 1,270,000 t/y for the year 2020 if recycling schemes in Greece are not greatly ameliorated, may sustain six ZWMP plants while offering considerable environmental benefits. This work can be applied to many cities and areas, especially when their population generates MSW at the level of 200,000 t/y, hence requiring one ZWMP plant for processing.
    [Show full text]
  • Agricultural Practices in Ancient Macedonia from the Neolithic to the Roman Period
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by International Hellenic University: IHU Open Access Repository Agricultural practices in ancient Macedonia from the Neolithic to the Roman period Evangelos Kamanatzis SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Arts (MA) in Black Sea and Eastern Mediterranean Studies January 2018 Thessaloniki – Greece Student Name: Evangelos Kamanatzis SID: 2201150001 Supervisor: Prof. Manolis Manoledakis I hereby declare that the work submitted is mine and that where I have made use of another’s work, I have attributed the source(s) according to the Regulations set in the Student’s Handbook. January 2018 Thessaloniki - Greece Abstract This dissertation was written as part of the MA in Black Sea and Eastern Mediterranean Studies at the International Hellenic University. The aim of this dissertation is to collect as much information as possible on agricultural practices in Macedonia from prehistory to Roman times and examine them within their social and cultural context. Chapter 1 will offer a general introduction to the aims and methodology of this thesis. This chapter will also provide information on the geography, climate and natural resources of ancient Macedonia from prehistoric times. We will them continue with a concise social and cultural history of Macedonia from prehistory to the Roman conquest. This is important in order to achieve a good understanding of all these social and cultural processes that are directly or indirectly related with the exploitation of land and agriculture in Macedonia through time. In chapter 2, we are going to look briefly into the origins of agriculture in Macedonia and then explore the most important types of agricultural products (i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • The Religious Tourism As a Competitive Advantage of the Prefecture of Pieria, Greece
    Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management, May-June 2021, Vol. 9, No. 3, 173-181 doi: 10.17265/2328-2169/2021.03.005 D DAVID PUBLISHING The Religious Tourism as a Competitive Advantage of the Prefecture of Pieria, Greece Christos Konstantinidis International Hellenic University, Serres, Greece Christos Mystridis International Hellenic University, Serres, Greece Eirini Tsagkalidou Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece Evanthia Rizopoulou International Hellenic University, Serres, Greece The scope of the present paper is the research of whether the prefecture of Pieria comprises an attractive destination for religious tourism and pilgrimage. For this reason, the use of questionnaires takes place which aims to realizing if and to what extend this form of tourism comprises a comparative and competitive advantage for the prefecture of Pieria. The research method of this paper is the qualitative research and more specifically the use of questionnaires with 13 questions in total. The scope was to research whether the prefecture of Pieria is a religious-pilgrimage destination. The sample is comprised of 102 participants, being Greek residents originating from other Greek counties, the European Union, and Third World Countries. The requirement was for the participant to have visited the prefecture of Pieria. The independency test (x2) was used for checking the interconnections between the different factors, while at the same time an allocation of frequencies was conducted based on the study and presentation of frequency as much as relevant frequency. Due to the fact that, no other similar former researches have been conducted regarding religious tourism in Pieria, this research will be able to give some useful conclusions.
    [Show full text]
  • Archaeological Anastylosis of Two Macedonian Tombs In
    Virtual Archaeology Review, 11(22): 26-40, 2020 https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2020.11877 © UPV, SEAV, 2015 Received: May 22, 2019 Accepted: July 25, 2019 ARCHAEOLOGICAL ANASTYLOSIS OF TWO MACEDONIAN TOMBS IN A 3D VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT LA ANASTILOSIS ARQUEOLÓGICA DE DOS TUMBAS MACEDONIAS EN UN AMBIENTE VIRTUAL 3D Maria Stampoulogloua, Olympia Toskab, Sevi Tapinakic, Georgia Kontogiannic , Margarita Skamantzaric, Andreas Georgopoulosc,* aSerres Ephorate of Antiquities, Eth. Antistasis 36-48, Serres, 62122 Greece. [email protected] bDepartment of Mediterranean Studies, University of the Aegean, Dimokratias Ave. 1, Rhodes, 85132 Greece. [email protected] cLaboratory of Photogrammetry, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechniou 9, Zografos, Athens, 15780 Greece. [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Highlights: Use of contemporary digital methods for the 3D geometric documentation of complex burial structures. Interdisciplinary approach to implement digital techniques for 3D modelling, including 3D terrestrial laser scanning and image-based modelling. Implementation of virtual anastylosis by archaeologists using the 3D models and suitable software. Abstract: Archaeological restoration of monuments is a practice requiring extreme caution and thorough study. Proceeding to restoration or to reconstruction actions without detailed consultation and thought is normally avoided by archaeologists and conservation experts. Nowadays, anastylosis executed on the real object is generally prohibited. Contemporary technologies have provided archaeologists and other conservation experts with the tools to embark on virtual restorations or anastyloses, thus testing various alternatives without physical intervention on the monument itself. In this way, the values of the monuments are respected according to international conventions. In this paper, two examples of virtual archaeological anastyloses of two important Macedonian tombs in northern Greece are presented.
    [Show full text]
  • The Shaping of the New Macedonia (1798-1870)
    VIII. The shaping of the new Macedonia (1798-1870) by Ioannis Koliopoulos 1. Introduction Macedonia, both the ancient historical Greek land and the modern geographical region known by that name, has been perhaps one of the most heavily discussed countries in the world. In the more than two centuries since the representatives of revolutionary France introduced into western insular and continental Greece the ideas and slogans that fostered nationalism, the ancient Greek country has been the subject of inquiry, and the object of myth-making, on the part of archaeologists, historians, ethnologists, political scientists, social anthropologists, geographers and anthropogeographers, journalists and politicians. The changing face of the ancient country and its modern sequel, as recorded in the testimonies and studies of those who have applied themselves to the subject, is the focus of this present work. Since the time, two centuries ago, when the world’s attention was first directed to it, the issue of the future of this ancient Greek land – the “Macedonian Question” as it was called – stirred the interest or attracted the involvement of scientists, journalists, diplomats and politicians, who moulded and remoulded its features. The periodical cri- ses in the Macedonian Question brought to the fore important researchers and generated weighty studies, which, however, with few exceptions, put forward aspects and charac- teristics of Macedonia that did not always correspond to the reality and that served a variety of expediencies. This militancy on the part of many of those who concerned themselves with the ancient country and its modern sequel was, of course, inevitable, given that all or part of that land was claimed by other peoples of south-eastern Europe as well as the Greeks.
    [Show full text]
  • New VERYMACEDONIA Pdf Guide
    CENTRAL CENTRAL ΜΑCEDONIA the trip of your life ΜΑCEDONIA the trip of your life CAΝ YOU MISS CAΝ THIS? YOU MISS THIS? #can_you_miss_this REGION OF CENTRAL MACEDONIA ISBN: 978-618-84070-0-8 ΤΗΕSSALΟΝΙΚΙ • SERRES • ΙΜΑΤΗΙΑ • PELLA • PIERIA • HALKIDIKI • KILKIS ΕΣ. ΑΥΤΙ ΕΞΩΦΥΛΛΟ ΟΠΙΣΘΟΦΥΛΛΟ ΕΣ. ΑΥΤΙ ΜΕ ΚΟΛΛΗΜΑ ΘΕΣΗ ΓΙΑ ΧΑΡΤΗ European emergency MUSEUMS PELLA KTEL Bus Station of Litochoro KTEL Bus Station Thermal Baths of Sidirokastro number: 112 Archaeological Museum HOSPITALS - HEALTH CENTERS 23520 81271 of Thessaloniki 23230 22422 of Polygyros General Hospital of Edessa Urban KTEL of Katerini 2310 595432 Thermal Baths of Agkistro 23710 22148 23813 50100 23510 37600, 23510 46800 KTEL Bus Station of Veria 23230 41296, 23230 41420 HALKIDIKI Folkloric Museum of Arnea General Hospital of Giannitsa Taxi Station of Katerini 23310 22342 Ski Center Lailia HOSPITALS - HEALTH CENTERS 6944 321933 23823 50200 23510 21222, 23510 31222 KTEL Bus Station of Naoussa 23210 58783, 6941 598880 General Hospital of Polygyros Folkloric Museum of Afytos Health Center of Krya Vrissi Port Authority/ C’ Section 23320 22223 Serres Motorway Station 23413 51400 23740 91239 23823 51100 of Skala, Katerini KTEL Bus Station of Alexandria 23210 52592 Health Center of N. Moudania USEFUL Folkloric Museum of Nikiti Health Center of Aridea 23510 61209 23330 23312 Mountain Shelter EOS Nigrita 23733 50000 23750 81410 23843 50000 Port Authority/ D’ Section Taxi Station of Veria 23210 62400 Health Center of Kassandria PHONE Anthropological Museum Health Center of Arnissa of Platamonas 23310 62555 EOS of Serres 23743 50000 of Petralona 23813 51000 23520 41366 Taxi Station of Naoussa 23210 53790 Health Center of N.
    [Show full text]
  • DENYING ETHNIC IDENTITY the Macedonians of Greece
    DDDENYING EEETHNIC IIIDENTITY The Macedonians of Greece Human Rights Watch/Helsinki (formerly Helsinki Watch) Human Rights Watch New York $$$ Washington $$$ Los Angeles $$$ London Copyright April 1994 by Human Rights Watch. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 94-75891 ISBN: 1-56432-132-0 Human Rights Watch/Helsinki Human Rights Watch/Helsinki, formerly Helsinki Watch, was established in 1978 to monitor and promote domestic and international compliance with the human rights provisions of the 1975 Helsinki accords. It is affiliated with the International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights, which is based in Vienna. The staff includes Jeri Laber, executive director; Lois Whitman, deputy director; Holly Cartner and Julie Mertus, counsels; Erika Dailey, Rachel Denber, Ivana Nizich and Christopher Panico, research associates; Christina Derry, Ivan Lupis, Alexander Petrov and Isabelle Tin-Aung, associates. The advisory committee chair is Jonathan Fanton; Alice Henkin is vice chair. TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments.............................................................................................................................................viii Frequently Used Abbreviations................................................................................................................... ix Introduction and Conclusions........................................................................................................................1 Background................................................................................................................................................................4
    [Show full text]
  • KATERINI LIAMPI, Argilos. a Historical and Numismatic Study, Kerma I, Athens, 2005, 377 P
    Comptes rendus 233 metalurgiei în aria culturii Tei, SCIVA 39, 1988, 3, Şerbǎnescu, Trohani 1978 – D. Şerbǎnescu, G. Trohani, S. 223-241. Cercetǎri arheologice pe Valea Mostiştei, Ilfov-File Date şi consideraţii noi cu privire la periodizarea de Istorie 1978, S. 17-42. evoluţiei culturii Tei, CAB 9, 1992, S. 62-72. Schmidt 1902 – H. Schmidt, Heinrich Schliemanns Leahu 1995 – V. Leahu, The Tei Culture, in C. Stoica et Sammlung Trojanischer Altertümer, Berlin, 1902. al. (Hrsg.), Treasures of the Bronze Age in Romania, Schuster 1998 – C. Schuster, Unele probleme ale Bucureşti ,1995, S. 257-261. Bronzului Mijlociu (BM) şi Final (BF) din centrul Leahu 1998 – V. Leahu, Cu privire la ritul funerar Munteniei (I), BMTA 2-4, 1996-1998, S. 142-153. practicat de purtătorii culturii Tei, CCDJ 3-4, 1998, Schuster, Popa 1995 – C. Schuster, T. Popa, Cercetǎri S. 49-52. privind epoca bronzului în judeţul Giurgiu Morintz 1978 – S. Morintz, Contribuţii arheologice la (investigaţiile din anii 1986-1994), BMTA 1, S. 20-45. istoria tracilor timpuri: I. Epoca bronzului în spaţiul Schuster, Popa 2000 – C. Schuster, T. Popa, Mogoşeşti, carpato-balcanic, Bucureşti, 1978. Studiu monografic, Bibliotheca Musei Giurgiuvensis Oancea, Drâmboceanu 1977 – Al. Oancea, V. I, Giurgiu, 2000. Drâmboceanu, Noi descoperiri din epoca bronzului Schuster, Popa 2001-2002 – C. Schuster, T. Popa, Noi în jud. Buzău. Observaţii asupra cronologiei culturii descoperiri arheologice la Mogoşeşti (jud. Giurgiu), Monteoru, SCIVA 28, 1977, 4,S. 509-529. Buletinul Giurgiu 7-8, 2001-2002, S. 113-122. Olteanu 2002 – Gh. Olteanu, Repertoriul arheologic al Trohani 1984 – G. Trohani, Sǎpǎturile arheologice de judeţului Dâmboviţa I, A-M, Târgovişte, 2002.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Greek Archaeology
    Journal of Greek Archaeology 2017 Access VOLUME 2 Open Archaeopress © Archaeopress and the authors, 2017. Subscriptions to the Journal of Greek Archaeology should be sent to Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, Gordon House, 276 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 7ED, UK. Tel +44-(0)1865-311914 Fax +44(0)1865-512231 e-mail [email protected] http://www.archaeopress.com Opinions expressed in papers published in the Journal are those of the authors and are not necessarily shared by the Editorial Board. EDITOR IN CHIEF John Bintliff (Edinburgh University, UK and Leiden University, The Netherlands) ASSISTANT EDITOR Corien Wiersma (Groningen University, The Netherlands) EDITORIAL BOARD Judith Barringer (Edinburgh University, UK) Jim Crow (Edinburgh University, UK) Andrew Erskine (Edinburgh University, UK) Lloyd Llewellyn-Jones (Cardiff University, UK) Ben Russell (Edinburgh University, UK) Keith Rutter (Edinburgh University, UK) EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Oscar Belvedere (University of Palermo, Italy) Branko Kirigin (Archaeological Museum, Split, Croatia) Johannes Bergemann (Gottingen University, Kostas Kotsakis (UniversityAccess of Thessaloniki, Greece) Germany) Franziska Lang (Technical University Darmstadt, Ioanna Bitha (Research Centre for Byzantine Germany) and Postbyzantine Art of the Academy of Athens, Irene Lemos (Oxford University, UK) Greece) Maria Mouliou (University of Athens, Greece) Franco D ‘Andria (University of Lecce, Italy) Open Robin Osborne (Cambridge University, UK) Jack Davis (University of Cincinnati, USA) Franco de Angelis (University
    [Show full text]
  • Funeral Monuments in Macedonia During the Archaic and Classical
    Funeral monuments in Macedonia during the Archaic and Classical periods. Afroditi Douitsi SCHOOL OF HUMANITIES A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Arts (MA) in the Classical Archaeology and the Ancient History of Macedonia January 2017 Thessaloniki – Greece Student Name: Afroditi Douitsi SID: 2204150011 Supervisor: Prof. Eleni Manakidou I hereby declare that the work submitted is mine and that where I have made use of another’s work, I have attributed the source(s) according to the Regulations set in the Student’s Handbook. January 2017 Thessaloniki - Greece Abstract This dissertation was written as part of the MA in in the Classical Archaeology and the Ancient History of Macedonia at the International Hellenic University. The boundaries of Macedonia were extending to the Pierian mountains, the Big Prespa lake and mountain Dysoron during the periods under consideration while the most known cemeteries in Macedonia were those of Aigai, Pella, Amphipolis, Pydna and Aiane. We could encounter grave types such as pit, cist, sarcophagi and jar burials while the basic burial practices were the inhumation and the cremation. Factors such as the origins of the inhabitants in the cities under examination or the gender and the social status of the deceased played major role to the style and the iconography of the funeral monuments respectively. The grave markers could be divided into figured representa- tions and architectural remains. In the first category the major part constitute the tomb- stones mainly subdivided in painted and relief grave “stelai”. A further categorization could be made according to typological elements such as the type of the crowning (pedimental, palmette), the framing of the shaft and the placement of the figure scene in a recessed panel.
    [Show full text]
  • Migrating Motherhood and Gendering Exile: Eastern European Women Narrate Migrancy and Homing
    Women's Studies International Forum 52 (2015) 71–81 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Women's Studies International Forum journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/wsif Migrating motherhood and gendering exile: Eastern European women narrate migrancy and homing Anastasia Christou a, Domna Michail b a School of Law, Middlesex University, London, UK b University of Western Macedonia, Florina, Greece article info synopsis Available online 2 July 2015 This article draws on a larger oral history project with Albanian, Bulgarian, Romanian and Polish migrant women living Greece, exploring how migrancy, motherhood and mothering intersect Keywords: with how a negotiation and translation of emotional, cultural, embodied agency is transformed Eastern European women migrants in the meanings of citizenship on translocal and transnational levels. We unpack gendered Greece representations of how striving to belong is transmitted in migrant mothering practices and how Motherhood/Mothering the latter intersect with wider issues of immigration policy and status in an era of crises in Citizenship Greece. In mapping experiences of migrant mothering through participant narratives, we Emotion demonstrate the importance of understanding mothering and migrancy as parallel, complemen- Belonging tary and complex performativities. As such they form iconographies of resilience, incorporation and individual agency as women cope with being both migrants and mothers, often without extensive networks of support, and within a context of a wider xenophobic and crisis-ridden Greece. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Introduction: gendering citizenship and narrating mothering circumstances who led lives that remain extraordinary, as in the post-socialist imagination we still encounter silences, gaps and voids in the rendering of such histories.
    [Show full text]
  • A Multicriteria Facility Location Model for Municipal Solid Waste Management in North Greece
    Available online at www.sciencedirect.com European Journal of Operational Research 187 (2008) 1402–1421 www.elsevier.com/locate/ejor A multicriteria facility location model for municipal solid waste management in North Greece Erhan Erkut a,*, Avraam Karagiannidis b, George Perkoulidis b, Stevanus A. Tjandra c a Faculty of Business Administration, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey b Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Environmental Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Box 483, Aristotle University, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece c School of Business, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2R6 Available online 17 November 2006 Abstract Up to 2002, Hellenic Solid Waste Management (SWM) policy specified that each of the country’s 54 prefectural gov- ernments plan its own SWM system. After 2002, this authority was shifted to the country’s 13 regions entirely. In this paper, we compare and contrast regional and prefectural SWM planning in Central Macedonia. To design the prefectural plan, we assume that each prefecture must be self-sufficient, and we locate waste facilities in each prefecture. In contrast, in the regional plan, we assume cooperation between prefectures and locate waste facilities to serve the entire region. We pres- ent a new multicriteria mixed-integer linear programming model to solve the location–allocation problem for municipal SWM at the regional level. We apply the lexicographic minimax approach to obtain a ‘‘fair’’ nondominated solution, a solution with all normalized objectives as equal to one another as possible. A solution to the model consists of locations and technologies for transfer stations, material recovery facilities, incinerators and sanitary landfills, as well as the waste flow between these locations.
    [Show full text]