Chromosome Science 14: 9-16, 2011 Jeelani et al. 9

Regular Article

New chromosome number reports in some Polypetalous species from Kashmir Himalayas

Syed Mudassir Jeelani, Santosh Kumari and Raghbir Chand Gupta

Received: June 7, 2011 / Accepted: August 8, 2011 © 2011 by the Society of Chromosome Research

Abstract from the area, 467 are endemic to this region (Dhar, 2002). Although a good contribution to the chromosome As a part of our programme to explore and evalu- database of from Kashmir Himalayas has been made ate genetic diversity of flowering plants from Kashmir by Mehra and Sachdeva (1971), Koul and Wakhlu (1976), Himalayas, at present 150 species of Polypetalae have Gohil and Koul (1978), Pandita and Mehra (1984), Hamal been meiotically worked out. It brings to light new/ var- and Koul (1986), Ashraf and Gohil (1989), Tak and Wafai ied chromosome number reports for 30 species. The (1997), Bhat et al. (1975) and Jee et al. (1983) but most taxa being cytologically worked out for the first time on of such a rich wealthy flora has remained cytologically world-wide basis include four species as Pleurospermum unexplored. To study the genetic diversity at intra- and densiflorum (n=11), Sedum wallichianum (n=36), Astrag- interspecific levels and to further enrich the chromosomal alus strobiliferus (n=8), Hedysarum cachemirianum (n=8) database of the lesser known Angiospermic species, the and one variety as Rosa macrophylla var. minor (n=7) present meiotic studies have been carried out from wide along with new intraspecific cytoypes in case of six spe- spread area covering up to 3,500 m altitude. cies as Cardamine loxostemonoides (n=8), Fumaria in- dica (n=6), G. ocellatum (n=14), Rosa pendulina (n=7), Sedum ewersii (n=36) and Sisymbrium orientale (n=14). Nineteen species which are being cytologically worked Materials and methods out for the first time from India include inter- For meiotic studies, flower buds were collected from media (n=8), Corydalis cashmeriana (n=8), Descurainia different localities of selected areas of Kashmir Himalayas sophia (n=10), Epilobium alpinum (n=9), E. angustifolium (Table 1). Smears of appropriate sized flower buds were (n=18 and 36), E. cylindricum (n=18), E. hirsutum (n=18), made after fixing these in the Carnoy’s fixative, using E. palustre (n=9), Geranium sibiricum (n=14), Hypericum standard acetocarmine technique. Pollen fertility was perforatum (n=16), Impatiens bicornuta (n=9), Lupinus estimated by mounting mature pollen grains in glycero- polyphyllus (n=24), Oenothera drummondii (n=7), Ror- acetocarmine (1:1) mixture. Well-filled pollen grains ippa islandica (n=8), Sisymbrium strictum (n=7), with stained nuclei were taken as apparently fertile, while caesius (n=7), R. idaeus (n=7), R. saxatilis (n=14) and shriveled and unstained pollen grains were counted as Myricaria germanica (n=12). sterile. Photomicrographs of pollen mother cells and pollen grains were made from freshly prepared slides using Nikon Keywords: Polypetalae, Chromosome number reports, 80i eclipse Digital Imaging System. Voucher specimens Intraspecific cytotypes, Kashmir Himalayas are deposited in the Herbarium, Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala (PUN).

Introduction Kashmir Himalayas lie between 33º to 36º north latitude Results and Discussion and from 72º to 80º east longitude and occupy an area of It is interesting to note that the present study has brought about 2,22,800 sq. km. The altitude ranges from 1,700- to light in one or other way, newer chromosome counts 5,500 m (a.m.s.l.). It harbours enormous economically, in 30 species belonging to 20 genera and 10 families from medicinally and ethnobotanically important Angiosperms. different localities with altitudinal range of 1,700- 3,500 m Out of more than 3,000 species of Angiosperms reported from Kashmir Himalayas. The data regarding locality with altitude, accession number, present chromosome number, ploidy level, nature of meiotic course and pollen fertility of Syed Mudassir Jeelani (*) these species have been given in Table 1. The morphological Santosh Kumari field notes are provided only for those species which have Raghbir Chand Gupta been cytologically worked out for the first time on world- Department of Botany, Punjabi University Patiala 147 002, India wide basis. The previous chromosome reports are based [email protected] on chromosome number compilations by Darlington and 10 Chromosome number of Polypetalous species from Kashmir Hymalayas

Table 1. Data showing location, altitude, accession number, present chromosome number, meiotic course, ploidy level and pollen fertility on members of Polypetalae from Kashmir Himalayas. Taxon Location/Altitude (m) Accession Meiotic Meiotic Ploidy Pollen Number Chromo- Course* Level Fertility (PUN) some Num- (x) (%) ber (n) Family: Apiaceae 1. Pleurospermum densiflorus Benth. ex C. B. Clarke Mahadev 34º10’N 75º00’E/ 2,900 54246 11 N 2x 96.30 Family: Balsaminaceae 2. Impatiens bicornuta Wall. Keller 33º47’N 74º45’E/ 2,000 54846 9 N 2x 95.45 Family: 3. Barbarea intermedia Boreau Ferozpur Nallah 34º03’N 74º26’E 54270 8 A 2x 64.42 / 2,400 4. Cardamine loxostemonoides O.E. Schulz Ratnipora 33º54’N 74º56’E/ 1,700 52473 8 N 2x 96.55 5. Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl Yusmarg 33º47’N 74º39’E/2,600 54202 10 A 2x 63.45 6. Rorippa islandica (Oeder) Borbás Keller 33º47’N 74º45’E/ 2,000 54827 8 N 2x 98.50 7. Sisymbrium orientale L. Sonmarg 34º17’N 75º17’E/ 2,800 54234 14 N 4x 98.00 8. Sisymbrium strictum (Cambess.) Hook. f. & Batnoor-Tral 33º55’N 75º06’E/ 52475 7 A 2x 69.78 Thomson 2,300 Family: Crassulaceae 9. Sedum ewersii Ledeb. Chumnai 34º04’N 75º19’E/3,500 54830 36 N 8x 88.42 10. Sedum wallichianum Hook. Thajwas 34º17’N 75º17’E/ 3,100 54833 36 N 8x 89.50 [= Rhodiola wallichiana (Hook.) Fu] Family: Fumariaceae 11. Corydalis cashmeriana Royle Chumnai 34º04’N 75º19’E/ 3,500 54852 8 A 2x 66.00 12. Fumaria indica (Hausskn.) Pugsley Ratnipora 33º53’N 74º56’E/ 1,500 54836 6 A 2x 70.50 Family: Fabaceae 13. Astragalus strobiliferus Royle Mahadev 34º08’N 75º01’E/ 2,400 54216 8 N 2x 96.00 14. Hedysarum cachemirianum Benth.ex Baker Chumnai 34º04’N 75º19’E/ 3,500 54834 8 N 2x 95.50 15. Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl. Gulmarg 34º03’N 74º23’E/ 2,600 54826 24 A 4x 79.00 Family: 16. Geranium lucidum L. Pahoo 33º52’N 74º50’E/ 1,700 54212 14 N 2x 88.70 17. Geranium ocellatum Jacqeum. Karmula Tral 33º55’N 75º06’E/ 53490 14 N 2x 93.00 2,300 18. Geranium sibiricum L. Aharbal 33º38’N 74º47’E/ 2,500 54850 14 N 2x 89.70 Family: Hypericaceae 19. Hypericum perforatum L. Gulmarg 34º03’N 74º23’E/ 2,600 54248 16 N 2x 90.00 Family: Onagraceae 20. Epilobium alpinum L. Chumnai 34º04’N 75º19’E/ 3,500 54838 9 N 2x 88.45 21. Epilobium angustifolium L. Aharbal 33º38’N 74º47’E/ 2,500 52489 18 N 4x 89.00 Aharbal 33º38’N 74º47’E/ 2,500 52490 36 N 8x 90.00 22. Epilobium cylindricum D. Don Tral 33º55’N 75º06’E/ 2,300 54264 18 N 4x 91.50 23. Epilobium hirsutum L. Keller 33º47’N 74º45’E/ 2,100 52476 18 N 4x 93.55 24. Epilobium palustre L. SKUAST-K Campus 34º09’N 52469 9 N 2x 88.40 74º45’E/ 1,750 25.Oenothera drummondii Hook. Ratnipora, 33º54’N 74º56’E/ 52482 7 N 2x 88.00 1,750 Family: 26. Rosa macrophylla Lindl. var. minor Keller 33º47’N 74º45’E/ 2,100 54237 7 A 2x 65.40 27. Rosa pendulina L. (=Rosa alpina L.) Zabarwan 34º06’N 74º52’E/ 54217 7 A 2x 62.73 1,800 28. L. (=Rubus psilophyllus Nevski ) Bandzoo33º54’N 74º56’E/ 1,800 54249 7 A 2x 73.65 29. Rubus idaeus L. Dachigam 34º06’N 74º52’E/ 54230 7 A 2x 69.60 1,800 30. Rubus saxatilis L. Haripora 33º47’N 74º45’E/ 2,450 54829 14 A 4x 62.50 Family: Tamaricaceae 31. Myricaria germanica Desv. Haripora, 33º47’N 74º45’E/ 2,450 54822 12 N 2x 96.00 Meiotic course *N=Normal; *A= Abnormal.

Wylie (1955), Fedorov (1974), Kumar and Subramaniam form of cytomixis, chromosomal stickiness, unoriented (1986), Index to Chromosome Numbers from 1968 bivalents, inter-bivalent connections or formation laggards onwards, various Journals, Proceeding volumes and and bridges in the species marked with abnormal meiotic internet. Further, in case of any plant species having same course. Brief observations for each species are discussed chromosome number reported by more authors, at the below. most only four latest references have been mentioned in the text. Meiotic abnormalities have been observed in the Jeelani et al. 11

Figures 1– 20. 1). Pleurospermum densiflorus-PMC at A-I (n=11); 2). Impatiens bicornuta- PMC at M-II (n=9); 3). Barbarea intermedia- PMC at M-I (n=8); 4). Cardamine loxostemonoides- PMC at Diakinesis (n=8); 5). Descuriainia sophia- PMC at A-I(n=10); 6). Rorippa islandica- PMC at A-I (n=8); 7). Sisymbrium orientale- PMC at M-II (n=14); 8). Sisymbrium strictum- PMC at M-I (n=7); 9). Sedum ewersii- PMC at Diakinesis (n=36); 10). Sedum wallichianum- PMC at Diakinesis (n=36); 11). Corydalis cashmeriana- PMC at A-I (n=8); 12). Fumaria indica- PMC at A-II ( n=6); 13). Astragalus strobiliferus- PMC at A-I (n=8), 14). Hedysarum cachemirianum- PMC at A-I (n=8); 15). Lupinus polyphyllus- PMC at A-II (n=24); 16). Geranium lucidum- PMC at M-I (n=14); 17). Geranium ocellatum- PMC at A-I (n=14); 18). Geranium sibiricum- PMC at A-I (n=14); 19) Hypericum perfora- tum- PMC at A-I (n=16); 20) Epilobium alpinum- PMC at M-I (n=9). Scale 10 µm.

1. Pleurospermum densiflorum Benth. ex C.B.Clarke 2. Impatiens bicornuta Wall. The species is found between the altitudinal range The present chromosome count of n=9 (Fig. 2) for the of 2,500- 4,200 m, distributed on alpine open slopes in species is reported for the first time from India and is in the Kashmir Himalayas. It is a short stemmed perennial confirmity with the earlier report of 2n=18 (Malla et al., herb with 3-4 pinnate leaves, elliptical, entire or obtuse 1978; Akiyama et al., 1992; Wakabayashi, 1992; Song et al., bracteoles with a prominent midrib and pale yellow flowers. 2003) from outside India. The flowering and fruiting is seen during the months of July-September. The species is cytologically worked out for 3. Barbarea intermedia Boreau the first time on world-wide basis showing diploid count of The present chromsome count of 2n=8II = 16 (Fig. 3) for n=11 (Fig. 1). the species makes a new report for the first time from India 12 Chromosome number of Polypetalous species from Kashmir Hymalayas and conforms to previous report of 2n=16 (Manton, 1932; 12. Fumaria indica (Hausskn.) Pugsley Mizianty et al., 1983) from outside India. The chromosome count of n=6 (Fig. 12) for the species 4. Cardamine loxostemonoides O.E. Schulz adds a new aneuploid cytotype on world-wide basis. The species is already known to have higher chromosome The present chromosome count of 2n=8II = 16 (Fig. 4) numbers as 2n=22 (Rai, 1939) and 2n=48 (Sidhu and Bir, adds a new diploid cytotype on world-wide basis as the 1983; Lidén, 1986) from India and outside India. species is earlier known to have only tetraploids (2n=32) from China (Rashid and Ohba, 1993). 13. Astragalus strobiliferus Royle 5. Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl The species is found between the altitudinal range of 2,300- 3,900 m in Kashmir Himalayas.The species is The gametic number n=10 (Fig. 5) for the species is charecterised as undershrub with densely armed ascending reported for the first time from India and conforms to the spine -tipped, stramineous petioles, yellow flowers and silky earlier report of 2n=20 (Baez-Major, 1934; Tischler, 1938) pods. The flowering and fruiting is seen during the months from outside India. Additionally, the species is also known of August – September. The species is cytologically worked to have 2n=14 (Khatoon and Ali, 1993; Hill, 1995) and out for the first time on world-wide basis and the present n=28 (Ghaffari and Chariat-Panahi, 1985). diploid count of n=8 (Fig. 13) conform to chromosomal 6. Rorippa islandica (Oeder) Borbás reports of the allied species of the genus. The present chromosome count of n=8 (Fig. 6) is 14. Hedysarum cachemirianum Benth. ex Baker reported for the first time from India and is in line with the According to Nayer and Sastry (1987-1990), the species previous chromosomal reports from outside India (Taylor is rare in Kashmir Himalaya. At present only a few plants and Mulligan, 1968; Tomsovic, 1974; Nishikawa, 1985; were found growing on rocky slopes at an altitude of 3,500 Zhang and Qui, 1985). m from Chumnai. It is charecterised as robust shrub with 7. Sisymbrium orientale L. large, obtuse, membranous, linear to oblong leaflets and pinkish-reddish flowers. The flowering and fruiting is seen The present chromosome count of n=14 (Fig. 7) adds a during the months of June – September. The species is new tetraploid cytotype for the species on world-wide basis cytologically worked out for the first time on world-wide as it is previously known to have only diploids with 2n=14 basis showing haploid count of n=8 (Fig. 14). (Parfenov and Dmitrieva, 1988; Runemark, 2000; Johnston, 2005; Gregor and Hand, 2006) from Argentina, Bulgaria, 15. Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl. different parts of Europe, Greece, Russia, Swedon, Slovakia, The chromosome number n=24 (Fig. 15) is reported Syria etc. for the first time from India and is in line with the earlier 8. Sisymbrium strictum (Cambess.) Hook. f. & Thomson. report of 2n=48 (Semerenko, 1989; Izmailow, 1989; Pogan et al., 1990; Murín, 1993) from various other parts of the The chromosome number in this species is noted to be world. 2n=7II=14 (Fig. 8). It is reported for the first time from India and is in confirmity with the earlier report of 2n=14 16. Geranium lucidum L. (Jaretzky, 1932) from Germany. The present chromosome count of 2n=14II=28 (Fig.16) 9. Sedum ewersii Ledeb. is in conformity with the earlier reports from India. The species is also known to have variable chromosome The present chromosome count of 2n=36II = 72 (Fig. 9) numbers, such as lower number 2n=20 (Warburg, 1938; adds a new octaploid cytotype on world-wide basis as the Uhrikova and Majovsky, 1980; Galland, 1988) and higher species is earlier known to have diploids with 2n=20 (Malik numbers as 2n=40 (Luque and Lifante, 1991; Dempsey and Ahmad, 1963) and 2n=22 (Baldwin, 1937; Löve and et al., 1994; Albers and Pröbsting, 1998; Petrova and Löve, 1961) from central Europe, Pakistan and America. Stanimirova, 2003), 2n=42 (Galland, 1988), 2n=46 (Strid 10. Sedum wallichianum Hook. (= Rhodiola wallichiana and Anderson, 1985) and n=30 (Uhrikova and Majovsky, Fu) 1980; Aryavand, 1983) from different parts of world including England, Iran, Ireland, Netherlands, Portugal, The species is found on rocky slopes between Spain etc. the altitudinal range of 3,000- 4,800 m in Kashmir Himalayas. It is found growing on moist rocky slopes. It is 17. Geranium ocellatum Jacquem. characterised as perennial herb with linear leaves and pale The haploid count of n=14 (Fig. 17) for the species adds yellow flowers in compact terminal cluster born on erect a new diploid cytotype on world-wide basis. Till new the stem. The flowering and fruiting is seen during the months species is known to have only tetraploid cytotypes with of June-September. The species is cytologically worked out 2n=56 from East and West African mountains (Hedberg for the first time on world-wide basis showing chromosome and Hedberg, 1977; Morton, 1993). count of 2n=36II =72 (Fig. 10) and presumed to be at octaploid level. 18. Geranium sibiricum L. 11. Corydalis cashmeriana Royle The species exhibits n=14 (Fig. 18) at various stages of meiosis, makes a new report from India and confirms The present chromosome count of n=8 (Fig. 11) is the earlier report of 2n=28 (Dvorak and Dadakova, reported for the first time from India and is in conformity 1984; Probatova et al., 1996; Albers and Pröbsting, 1998; with the earlier report of 2n=16 from China (Lidén, 1986). Probatova, 2005) from outside India. Jeelani et al. 13

Figures 21-32. 21). Epilobium angustifolium- PMC at M-I (n=18); 22). Epilobium angustifoliumm- PMC at Diakinesis (n=36); 23) Epilobium cylindricum- PMC at M-I (n=18); 24) Epilobium hirsutum- PMC at M-I (n=18); 25). Epilobium palustre- PMC at M-I (n=9); 26). Oenothera drummondii- PMC at A-I (n=7); 27). Rosa macrophylla var. minor- PMC at A-I (n=7); 28). Rosa pendulina- PMC at M-I (n=7); 29). Rubus caesius- PMC at Diakinesis (n=7); 30). Rubus idaeus- PMC at early A-I (n=7); 31). Rubus saxatilis- PMC at Diakinesis (n=14); 32). Myricaria germanica- PMC at Diakinesis (n=12); Scale 10 µm.

19. Hypericum perforatum L. 20. Epilobium alpinum L. The haploid chromosome number of n=16 (Fig. 19) is PMCs at various stages of meiosis depict 2n=9II = 18 reported for the first time from India and is in confirmity (Fig. 20). This makes a new record from India and confirms with the previous report of 2n=32 (Hollingsworth et al., the previous report of 2n=18 (Seavey and Raven, 1977; 1992; Probatova et al., 1996; Dobea et al., 1997; Alberts Uhrikova et al., 1980; Gvinianidze and Avazneli, 1982) and Pröbsting, 1998) from outside India. The species is from various other parts of the world. also known to have 2n=16 (Papanicolaou, 1984), 2n=18 (Alberts and Pröbsting, 1998) and 2n=48 (Dmitrieva, 2000; 21. Epilobium angustifolium L. Ciccarelli, et al., 2001). Both the present chromosome counts of 2n=18II = 36 14 Chromosome number of Polypetalous species from Kashmir Hymalayas and 2n=36II = 72 (Figs. 21, 22), being the tetraploid and 30) at various stages of meiosis. This diploid cytotype is octaploid cytotypes, respectively, are reported for the reported for the first time from India and is in confirmity first time from India. The results are in line with previous with the earlier report of 2n=14 (Krahulcová and Holub, reports of n=18 (Uotila and Pellinen, 1985; Chen et al., 1997; Lövkvist and Hultgård, 1999; Yang, 2005; Ivanova, 1988; Khatoon and Ali, 1993) and n=36 (Chen et al., 1988) 2005) from outside India. respectively from outside India. Additionally, the species is known to have 2n=18 (Chatterjee et al., 1993), 2n=36 30. Rubus saxatilis L. (Dobea et al., 1997; Lövkvist and Hultgård, 1999) and The haploid chromosome number 2n=14II = 28 (Fig. 31) 2n=108 (Tanaka et al., 1988). is recorded for the first time for this species from India and lies in line with the earlier report of 2n=28 (Semerenko, 22. Epilobium cylindricum D. Don 1990; Druskovic and Lovka, 1995; Boratyńska, 1997; The present chromosome number 2n=18II = 36 (Fig. Krahulcová and Holub, 1998) from outside India. 23) has been worked out for the first time from India and confirms to the already existing report of 2n=36 (Chen et 31. Myricaria germanica Desv. al., 1992) from outside India. The meiotic studies reveal the chromosome count of 2n=12II = 24 (Fig. 32). This makes a new record from 23. Epilobium hirsutum L. India. The result is in accordance with the earlier report The species also shows haploid chromosome number of 2n=24 (Zabban, 1935; Knaben, 1950; Pogan, 1980; of 2n=18II =36 (Fig. 24) and is reported for the first time Uhrikova and Zaborsky, 1980) from outside India. from India conforming the earlier report of 2n=36 (Van Loon and Kieft, 1980; Dmitrieva, 1986; Probatova et al., Acknowledgments 1991; Lövkvist and Hultgård, 1999) from outside India. The authors are grateful to the University Grants 24. Epilobium palustre L. Commission, New Delhi for providing financial assistance The present chromosome count of 2n=9II =18 (Fig. 25) under the DRS SAP III of UGC as well as to Department of is reported for the first time from India and conforms to Science and Technology, New Delhi for FIST programmes. the previous report of 2n=18 (Stepanov, 1994). The species We are also highly thankful to the Director and other staff is also known to have tetraploid cytotypes from different of Herbarium of Botanical Survey of India, Dehradun for parts of Russia and America with 2n=36 (Semerenko, 1990; their help in the identification of the plant species. Krasnikov and Schaulo, 1990; Javurková-Jarolímová, 1992). 25. Oenothera drummondii Hook. References The studies show chromosome count of n=7 (Fig. 26) as the first chromosomal report from India confirming Akiyama S, Wakabayashi M, Ohba H (1992) Chromosome evolution the earlier report of 2n=14 (Brittingham and Shull, 1936; in Himalayan Impatiens (Balsaminaceae). Bot J Linn Soc109: 247- Hecht, 1950; Gregory and Klein, 1960) from outside India. 257. Albers F, Pröbsting W (1998) In R. Wisskirchen & H. Haeupler, Stan- 26. Rosa macrophylla Lindl. var. Minor dardliste der Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Deutschlands. Bundesamt für Naturschutz & Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart. The variety is found between the altitudinal range of Aryavand A (1983) Contribution a l'etude cytotaxonomique des Cru- 2,000- 3,200 m and is distributed in the temperate forests of ciferes de l'Iran. III. Bulletin de la Société Neuchâteloise de Scienc- Kashmir Himalayas. It closely resembles var. macrophylla es Naturelles 106: 123-130. but differs in its smaller habit with 1.0-1.5cm long leaflets Ashraf M, Gohil RN (1989) Studies on the cytology of legumes of and 3.5- 4.0cm flower across. The flowering and fruiting is Kashmir Himalaya IV. Meiotic behavior in 21species of Astragalus seen during the months of April – September. The variety L. Cytol 54: 565-571. is cytologically worked out for the first time on world- Baez-Major AB (1934) Estudio cariologico de algunas crucifers y su wide basis and is found to be diploid with n=7 (Fig. 27) in interpretation en la sistematica. Cavanillesia 6: 59-103. confirmity with the previous chromosome reports for the Baldwin JT (1937) The cytotaxonomy of Telephium section of Sedum. Am J Bot 25: 126-133. Bhat BK, Bakshi SS, Kaul MK (1975) In species in general. IOPB chromosome number reports XLIX. Taxon 24: 513. 27. Rosa pendulina L. (=Rosa alpina L.) Boratyńska K (1997) Chromosome numbers of Polish brambles (Rubus L., Rosaceae). V. Arboretum Kórnickie 42: 101-110. The present chromosome count of 2n=7II =14 (Fig. Brittingham WH, Shull GH (1936) The induction of triploidy through 28) adds a new diploid cytotype for the species on world- hybridization. Am Nat 70: 42. wide basis as the species is previously known to have only Chen C, Hoch PC, Raven PH (1992) Systematics of Epilobium (Ona- tetraploids (2n=28) from Germany (Tackholm, 1922). graceae) in China. Syst Bot Monogr 34: 1-209. Chen CJ, Hoch PC, Raven PH (1988) Variation patterns and systemat- 28. Rubus caesius L. (=Rubus psilophyllus Nevski ) ics of the widespread species Epilobium angustifolium L. (Onagra- The present chromosome count of 2n=7II = 14 (Fig. ceae) in China. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 26: 81-95. Ciccarelli D, Garbari F, Mártonfi P (2001) Mediterranean chromosome 29) adds a new diploid cytotype for the species on world- number reports 11 (1232). Fl Medit 11: 440-443. wide basis as the species is previously known to have only Darlington CD, Wylie AP (1955) Chromosome Atlas of flowering tetraploids with 2n=28 (Engelskjon, 1979; Krahulcová and Plants.London George Allens, Unwin Ltd. Holub, 1997; Ivanova, 2005). Dempsey RE, Gornall RJ, Bailey JP (1994) Contributions to a cyto- logical catalogue of the British and Irish flora, 4. Watsonia 20: 63- 29. Rubus idaeus L. 66. PMCs depict the chromosome number 2n=7II = 14 (Fig. Dhar U (2002) Conservation implications of plant endemism in high altitude Himalaya. Current Sci 8: 144-145. Jeelani et al. 15

Dmitrieva SA (1986) Chromosome numbers in some species of vas- sentatives of some families of vascular plants in the flora of the No- cular plants from Byelorussia. Botaniceskjij Žurnal SSSR 71: 1145- vosibirsk region. II. Bot Žurn (Moscow & Leningrad) 75: 118–120. 1147. Kumar V, Subramaniam B (1986) Chromosome Atlas of Flowering Dmitrieva SA (2000) Karyology of the flora of Byelarus. Page 42 in Plants of The Indian Subcontinent Vol. I. Dicotyledones. BSI. Cal- Thesis of the Diss. Doc. Biol Sci Minsk. cutta. Dobes C, Hahn B, Morawetz W (1997) Chromosomenzahlen zur Ge- Lidén M (1986) Synopsis of Fumarioideae (Papaveraceae) with a fässpflanzen-Flora Österreichs. Linzer Biologische Beiträge 29: 5- monograph of the tribe Fumariaeae. Opera Botanica 88: 1-133. 43. Löve A, Löve D (1961) Chromosome numbers of central and north- Druskovic B, Lovka M (1995) IOPB chromosome data 9. International west European plant species. Opera Botanica 5: 1-581. Organization of Plant Biosystematists. Newsletter 24: 15-19. Lövkvist B, Hultgård UM (1999) Chromosome numbers in south Dvorak F, Dadakova B (1984) Chromosome counts and chromosome Swedish vascular plants. Opera Botanica 137: 1-42. morphology of some selected species. Folia Geobot Phytotax 19: Luque T, Lifante ZD (1991) Chromosome numbers of plants collected 41-70. during Iter Mediterraneum I in the SE of Spain. Bocconea 1: 303– Engelskjon T (1979) Chromosome numbers in vascular plants from 364. Norway, including Svalbard. Opera Bot 52: 1–38. Malla SB, Bhattarai S, Gorkhali M, Saiju H, Kayastha V (1978) In Fedorov ANA (1974). Chromosome Number of Flowering Plants. IOPB chromosome number reports LXII. Taxon 27: 519–535. Academy of Science of the USSR Komarov Botancial Institute, Malik NA, Ahmad AJ (1963) Chromosome numbers in some medici- Leningard. nal plants. Pak J Sci Res 15: 58-60. Galland N (1988) Recherche sur l'origine de la flore orophile du Ma- Manton I (1932) Introduction to the general cytology of Cruciferae. roc étude caryologique et cytogéographique. Travaux de l'Institut Ann Bot 46: 509-556. Scientifique, Université Mohammed V. Série Botanique 35: 1-168. Mehra PN, Sachdeva SK (1971) In IOPB chromosome number reports Ghaffari SM Chariat-Panahi MS (1985) Chromosome counts of some XXXIII. Taxon 20: 609-614. angiosperms from Iran. Iran J Bot 3: 67-73. Mizianty M, Frey L, Mirek Z (1981) Contribution to the knowledge of Gohil RN, Koul R (1978) Genetic stocks of Kashmir Papavers, II. Nu- the chromosome. cleus 21: 219-223. Mizianty M, Mirek Z, Frey L (1983) Chromosome numbers of Polish Gregor T, Hand R (2006) Chromosomenzahlen von Farn- und Samen- vascular plants (Part 4). Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 52: pflanzen aus Deutschland 1. Kochia 1: 135-140. 205-214. Gregory DP, Klein WM (1960) Investigations on meiotic chromo- Morton JK (1993) Chromosome numbers and polyploidy in the flora somes of six genera in the Onagraceae. Alliso 4: 505-521. of Cameroon Mountain. Opera Botanica 121: 159-172. Gvinianidze Z.I, Avazneli AA (1982) Khromosomnye chisla nekoto- Mosquin T (1963) Chromosomal races of Epilobium angustifolium and rykh predstavitelej vysokogornykh floristicheskikh kompleksov their taxonomic rank. Am J Bot 50: 636. Kavkaza. Soobkskc. Akad. Nauk Gruzinskoi SSR, Inst Bot, Trudy, Mulligan GA (1957) Chromosome numbers of Canadian weeds. I. Ser Geobot 106: 577-580. Can J Bot 35: 779-789. Hamal IA, Langer A, Koul, AK (1986) Nucleolar organizing region in Murín A (1993) Karyologické štúdium okrasnych rastlín flóry Sloven- the Apiaceae. Plant Syst and Evol 154: 11-30. ska. Biologia 48: 441-445. Hecht A (1950) Cytogenetic studies of Oenothera, subgenus Raiman- Nayer MP, Sastry ARK (1987-1990) Red data book of Indian plants nia. Indian Univ Publ Sci Ser 16: 255-304. Vols. I-III. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta. Hedberg I, Hedberg O (1977) Chromosome numbers of afroalpine Nishikawa T (1985) Chromosome counts of flowering plants of Hok- and afromontane angiosperms. Bot Not 130: 1-24. kaido (9). J Hokkaido Univ Educ, Sect 2B 36: 25-40. Hill LM (1995) IOPB chromosome data 9. Int Organ Pl Biosyst News- Pandita TK, Mehra PN (1984) Cytological studies of some Helobiales lett (Zurich) 24: 19-20. of Kashmir Himalayas. II. Families Butomaceae and Hydrocharita- Hollingsworth PM, Gornall RJ, Bailey JP (1992) Contribution to a cy- ceae. Cytol 49: 305-312. tological catalogue of the British and Irish flora, 2. Watsonia 19: Papanicolaou K (1984) Chromosome Number Reports LXXXII. Taxon 134-1. 33: 126-134. Ivanova (2005) Mediterranean chromosome number reports 15 Parfenov VI, Dmitrieva SA (1988) Kariologicheskaja kharakteristika (1445–1456). Fl Medit 15: 719-728. predstavitelej flory sosudistykh rastenij Berezinskogo biosfernogo Izmailow R (1989) Further studies in chromosome numbers of Polish zapovednika. Zapovedniki Belorussii Issledovaniia 12: 3-8. angiosperms. Part XXII. Acta Biol Cracov Ser Bot 31: 1–17. Petrova A, Stanimirova P (2003) Karyological study of some Geranium Jaretzky R (1932) Beziehungen zwischen Chromosomenzahl und Sys- (Geraniaceae) species growing in Bulgaria. Bocconea 16: 675- 682. tematik bei den Cruciferen. Jahrb Wiss Bot 76: 485-527. Pogan E (1980) Further studies in chromosome numbers of Polish Javurková-Jarolímová V (1992) In J.Mesícek & V. Javurková-Jarolí- Angiosperms. Acta Biol Cracov Ser Bot 22: 129- 153. mová, List of Chromosome Numbers of the Czech Vascular Plants. Pogan E, Jankun A, Sawicka Z (1990) Further studies in chromosome Academia, Praha. numbers of Polish angiosperms, part 22. Acta Biologica Cracovi- Jee V, Dhar U, Kachroo P (1983) Chromosome numbers of some al- ensia Series Botanica 31: 1-17. pine-subalpine of Kashmir Himalayas. Herba Hungarica 22: 23-31. Probatova NS (2005) Chromosome numbers of some dicotyledons of Johnston (2005) Evolution of genome size in Brassicaceae. Ann Bot the flora of the Amur Region. Bot Žurn (Moscow, Leningrad) 90: (Oxford) 95: 229-235. 779-792. Khatoon S (1991) Polyploidy in flora of Pakistan- an analytical study. Probatova NS, Rudyka EG, Sokolovskaya A P (1996) Chromo- Ph.D. thesis, Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Kara- some numbers in synanthropic plants from the Russian Far East. chi, Pakistan. Botaničeskij Žurnal (Moscow, Leningrad) 81: 98-101. Khatoon S, Ali SI (1993) Chromosome Atlas of the Angiosperms of Probatova NS, Sokolovskaja A P, Rudyka EG (1991) Chromosome Pakistan. Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi. numbers in some species of vascular plants from the Soviet Far Knaben G (1950) Chromosome numbers of Scandinavian arctic-al- East and other regions of the USSR. Botaničeskij Žurnal (Moscow, pine plant species. I. Blyttia 8: 129-155. Leningrad) 76: 1174-1178. Koul AK, Wakhlu AK (1976) Chromosome numbers of 52 dicot spe- Rai S (1939) The development of gametophyte in Fumaria indica Pug- cies of Kashmir. Chr Inf Serv 21: 4-6. sley. Proc 26th Indian Sci Congr Part 3: 120. Krahulcová A, Holub J (1997) Chromosome number variation in the Rashid A, Ohba H (1993) A revision of Cardamine loxostemonoides O. genus Rubus in the Czech Republic. I. Preslia 68: 241–255. E. Schulz (Cruciferae). Journal of Japanese Botany 68: 199-208. Krahulcová A, Holub J (1998) Chromosome number variation in the Semerenko L V (1989) Chromosome numbers in some members of genus Rubus in the Czech Republic. IV. Preslia 70: 225-245. the families Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Orchidaceae and Poaceae from Krasnikov AA, Schaulo DN (1990) Chromosome numbers in repre- the Berezinsky Biosphere Reservation (Byelorussia) flora. Bot 16 Chromosome number of Polypetalous species from Kashmir Hymalayas

Žurn (Moscow, Leningrad) 74: 1671-1673. Semerenko LV (1990) Chromosome numbers of some flowering plants from the Berezinsky Biosphere Reservation (the Byelorussian Sovi- et Socialist Republic). Bot Žurn (Moscow, Leningrad) 75: 279–282. Runemark H (2000) Mediterranean chromosome number reports 10 (1110–1188). Fl Medit 10: 386- 402. Seavey SR, Raven PH (1977) Chromosome evolution in Epilobium sect. Epilobium (Onagraceae). Pl Syst Evol 127: 107-119. Sidhu M, Bir SS (1983) Karyological studies on weeds on cultivable lands in Punjab, India. Trop Plant Sci Res 1: 1-13. Song Y, Yuan Y-m, Küpfer P (2003) Chromosomal evolution in Bal- saminaceae, with cytological observations on 45 species from southeast Asia. Caryol 56: 463-481. Stepanov NV (1994) Chromosome numbers of some higher plants taxa of the flora of Krasnoyarsk region. Botaničeskij Žurnal (Mos- cow, Leningrad) 79:135-139. Strid A, Anderson IA (1985) Chromosome numbers of Greek moun- tain plants. An annotated list of 115 species. Bot Jahrb Syst 107: 203-228. Tackholm G (1922) Zygtologische Studien uber die Gattung Rosa. Acta Horti Bergiania 7: 97-381. Tak MA, Wafai BA (1997) Chromosome enumeration and pollen mother cell meiosis of some wild and cultivated members of fam- ily Ranunculaceae. Oriental Sci 2: 1-12. Tanaka R, Oginuma K. Toko S (1988) Karyomorphological studies on 26 species in ten genera of the Onagraceae. Kromosomo 51–52: 1675-1696. Taylor RL, Mulligan GA (1968) Flora of Queen Charlotte Islands. Part 2. Cytological aspects of vascular plants. Queen’s Printer, Ottawa pp 148. Tischler G (1938) Pflanzliche Chromosomen-Zahlen. IV. Tabul Biol 16:162-218. Tomsovic P (1974) The diploid Rorippa islandica discovered in South- ern Europe. Folia Geobot Phytotax 9: 209-212. Uhrikova A, Majovsky J (1980) In Chromosome number reports LXIX. Taxon 29: 725-726. Uhrikova A, Zaborsky J (1980) In Chromosome number reports LXIX. Taxon 29: 729. Uhrikova A, Paclova L, Dubravcova Z (1980) In: A. L6ve (ed.), IOPB chromosome number reports. Taxon 29: 703-730. Uotila P, Pellinen K (1985) Chromosome numbers in vascular plants from Finland. Acta Bot Fenn 130. Van Loon J Chr, Kieft B (1980) In chromosome number reports LX- VIII. Taxon 29: 533-547. Wakabayashi M (1992) Kozansyokubutsu no Sensyokutai no Tokusei. Iden 46: 36-42. Warburg EF (1938) and relationship in the in the light of their cytology. New Phytol 37: 130-159. Web: Missouri Botanical Garden: IPCN Chromosome Reports http:// www.tropicos.org/Project/IPCN, accessed on 04 August, 2011. Yang (2005) A cytotaxonomical study of Rubus (Rosaceae) in Korea. Korean J Pl Taxon 35: 129-142. Zabban B (1935) Come annumenta il numero dei cromosomi nei nu- clei inferiori del sacco embrionale di Myricaria germanica Desv. Atti Accad. Naz Lincei, Rend. Cl Sci Fis, Mat Nat Ser 6, 21: 208- 211. Zhang YH, Qiu JF (1995) Chromosome numbers of seven wild eco- nomic plants from China. J Wuhan Bot Res 13: 183–184.