Type the Document Title
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Scoping study on pig value chains in Dak Lak and Dak Nong, Vietnam Lucila Lapar (ILRI), Truong Tan Khanh (Tay Nguyen University), Pham The Hue(Tay Nguyen University), Van Tien Dung(Tay Nguyen University), and Tran Quang Hanh (Tay Nguyen University) www.livestockfish.cgiar.org April 2014 CGIAR is a global partnership that unites organizations engaged in research for a food secure future. The CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish aims to increase the productivity of small-scale livestock and fish systems in sustainable ways, making meat, milk and fish more available and affordable across the developing world. The Programbrings together four CGIAR centres: the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) with a mandate on livestock; WorldFish with a mandate on aquaculture; the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), which works on forages; and the International Center for Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), which works on small ruminants. http://livestockfish.cgiar.org © 2014 This publication is licensed for use under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported Licence. To view this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc- sa/3.0/. Unless otherwise noted, you are free to copy, duplicate, or reproduce and distribute, display, or transmit any part of this publication or portions thereof without permission, and to make translations, adaptations, or other derivative works under the following conditions: ATTRIBUTION. The work must be attributed, but not in any way that suggests endorsement by the publisher or the author(s). NON-COMMERCIAL. This work may not be used for commercial purposes. SHARE ALIKE. If this work is altered, transformed, or built upon, the resulting work must be distributed only under the same or similar license to this one. Contents Acronyms, abbreviations and Vietnamese terms ..................................................................... 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 2 Background and objectives of the study .............................................................................. 2 The study team ..................................................................................................................... 3 Study work plan .................................................................................................................... 3 Methodology ............................................................................................................................. 5 Site selection ........................................................................................................................ 5 Characterization of the pig value chain in Dak Lak ................................................................... 8 Overview of socio-economic development.......................................................................... 8 Overview of Ea Kar district ................................................................................................. 12 Livelihood analysis and gender analysis ............................................................................. 13 Pig production systems ...................................................................................................... 19 Pig value chain mapping ..................................................................................................... 20 Feeds and feeding system .................................................................................................. 32 Pig breeds and breeding strategies .................................................................................... 34 Constraints and opportunities ........................................................................................... 35 Characterisation of the pig value chain in Dak Nong .............................................................. 38 Overview of social economic development ....................................................................... 38 Livelihood analysis and gender analysis ............................................................................. 42 Pig production systems ...................................................................................................... 46 Pig value chain mapping ..................................................................................................... 47 Feeds and feeding system .................................................................................................. 53 Pig breed and breeding strategies ..................................................................................... 53 Constraints and opportunities ........................................................................................... 53 Comparison of pig value chains in two sites in the Central Highlands .................................... 56 Highlights of key similarities and differences ..................................................................... 56 Gaps and areas for future research .................................................................................... 57 Conclusions and recommendations ........................................................................................ 59 Recommendations ............................................................................................................. 59 References ............................................................................................................................... 60 Annex 1: Tools used in the study ............................................................................................. 61 Annex 2: People attending producer group discussions ......................................................... 76 Annex 3: Traders, abattoirs and retailers interviewed ............................................................ 80 Acronyms, abbreviations and Vietnamese terms AI Artificial Insemination BMT Buon Ma Thuot City CGIAR Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research CIAT International Center for Tropical Agriculture CLVLP Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam Livestock Project CRA Collaboration Research Agreement DARD Department of Agriculture and Rural Development GDP Gross Domestic Products Ha Hectare HCMC Ho Chi Minh City ILRI International Livestock Research Institute MoU Memorandum of Understanding RVCA Rapid Value Chain Assessment TNU Tay Nguyen University US$ United States Dollar VND Vietnamese Dong Trang Trai A pig farm with scale more than 120 fattening heads of pig or more than 30 head of sows Gia Trai A pig farm with scale more than 50 fattening heads of pig or more than 15 head of sows 1 Introduction Background and objectives of the study In Vietnam, the CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish (L&F) has identified two clusters of provinces where the program will implement R4D activities in collaboration with a number of partners. These clusters have been identified through a systematic site selection process and guided by GIS techniques and complemented with stakeholder consultations. One cluster spans the North Central Coast and the North West provinces; the other cluster includes four provinces in the Central Highlands and the Southeast. Dak Lak and Dak Nong are two of the provinces that have been identified in the latter. Within the L&F collaborative framework, CIAT and ILRI are working together to develop synergies from ongoing implementation of the Cambodia-Laos-Vietnam Livestock Project (CLVLP) that is being led by CIAT and the L&F pig value chain program in Vietnam that is being led by ILRI. The scoping study of the pig value chain in two sites in Dak Lak and Dak Nong is one of the first initiatives to be implemented to complement the ongoing activities under the CLVP and L&F in Vietnam. This scoping study was implemented under a Collaborative Research Agreement between Tay Nguyen University (TNU) and the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) that was officially signed on 15th of November 2013. The project activities were implemented from December 2013 until February 2014. The objectives of the study are: 1. To characterize the pig value chain in Dak Lak and Dak Nong including the types of breeds used, scale of production, nature of production practices in terms of feeding and health management, profile of pig producers and other value chain actors, market opportunities, and demand for pork locally and externally. 2. To identify opportunities for productivity gains through improved production practices (on feed, breed, animal health) and enhanced efficiency of the value chain and corresponding benefits to value chain actors through institutional and policy adjustments. The main activities of the research study were: Site selection to identify study sites in the Central Highlands; Adapting the value chain assessment tools developed by the Value Chain Development team in L&F for use in data collection. The set of tools include the value chain scoping checklist and value chain assessment and benchmarking tools available for download at the L&F wiki (http://livestock- fish.wikispaces.com/VC_Toolkit); Collecting primary data and information on the pig value chain at selected sites using the adapted tools and data analysis; Organizing a feedback workshop with stakeholders at study sites. 2 The study team The study team comprised of researchers from TNU, e.g., faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, as well as members of the project