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Mollusca, Aplacophora, Caudofoveata) Da Costa Sudeste Do Brasil

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Mollusca, Aplacophora, Caudofoveata) Da Costa Sudeste Do Brasil UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS INSTITUTO DE BIOLOGIA MARCEL SABINO MIRANDA Chaetodermatidae e Limifossoridae (Mollusca, Aplacophora, Caudofoveata) da costa sudeste do Brasil CAMPINAS 2016 MARCEL SABINO MIRANDA Chaetodermatidae e Limifossoridae (Mollusca, Aplacophora, Caudofoveata) da costa sudeste do Brasil Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Biologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas como parte dos requisitos exigidos para a obtenção do Título de Mestre em Biologia Animal, Área de Concentração Biodiversidade Animal ESTE ARQUIVO DIGITAL CORRESPONDE À VERSÃO FINAL DA DISSERTAÇÃO DEFENDIDA PELO ALUNO MARCEL SABINO MIRANDA E ORIENTADA PELO PROF. DR. FLÁVIO DIAS PASSOS Orientador: FLÁVIO DIAS PASSOS CAMPINAS 2016 Agência(s) de fomento e nº(s) de processo(s): CAPES Ficha catalográfica Universidade Estadual de Campinas Biblioteca do Instituto de Biologia Mara Janaina de Oliveira - CRB 8/6972 Miranda, Marcel Sabino, 1988- M672c MirChaetodermatidae e Limifossoridae (Mollusca, Aplacophora, Caudofoveata) da Costa Sudeste do Brasil / Marcel Sabino Miranda. – Campinas, SP : [s.n.], 2016. MirOrientador: Flávio Dias Passos. MirDissertação (mestrado) – Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia. Mir1. Molusco - Classificação. 2. Aplacophora. I. Passos, Flávio Dias,1971-. II. Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Biologia. III. Título. Informações para Biblioteca Digital Título em outro idioma: Chaetodermatidae and Limifossoridae (Mollusca, Aplacophora, Caudofoveata) from the Southeastern Coast of Brazil Palavras-chave em inglês: Mollusks - Classification Aplacophora Área de concentração: Biodiversidade Animal Titulação: Mestre em Biologia Animal Banca examinadora: Flávio Dias Passos [Orientador] Michela Borges Carlo Magenta Cunha Data de defesa: 15-07-2016 Programa de Pós-Graduação: Biologia Animal Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) Campinas, 15 de julho de 2016. COMISSÃO EXAMINADORA Prof. Dr. Flávio Dias Passos Profa. Dra. Michela Borges Prof. Dr. Carlo Magenta Cunha Os membros da Comissão Examinadora acima assinaram a Ata de Defesa, que se encontra no processo de vida acadêmica do aluno. À minha Mãe, Lúcia, sempre minha maior fã, apesar de eu não merecer às vezes, por todo o apoio e carinho que tive desde o meu nascimento. Agradecimentos À minha família, pelo apoio que tive desde o começo da minha vida e durante esse período que estive em Campinas, e pelos momentos de distração e relaxamento durante este mestrado. Ao meu orientador, Flávio, por aceitar me orientar, mesmo sem me conhecer de início, e pelo exemplo de pessoa equilibrada, correta e perfeccionista. Aprendi muito com sua orientação e espero continuar aprendendo daqui para frente. Ao Paulo, por toda a ajuda desde a minha chegada, por me ajudar a conseguir minha rep, me acompanhar nas triagens e nas MEV e todas as explicações sobre aplacóforos ao longo do meu mestrado. Não seria a mesma coisa sem a sua ajuda!!!! Aos colegas de laboratório, Paulo, Fabrizio, Amanda, Pedro, João, Ana Clara, Marjorie, pela ajuda no dia-a-dia e por tornarem os momentos do lab com certeza mais divertidos e engraçados. Aos colegas da Unicamp, Felipe (Estrela), Tiago (Xana), João Pedro (Ebola), Lucas (Adja), Thais (Bender), João, Ana Clara (Peste), Felipe (Zica), Marina (Bala), Luis (Incesto) pelos momentos de sushi, festas, CAB e por tornarem meus momentos na Unicamp fora do lab mais agradáveis. Ao Graman, por me acompanhar nas disciplinas, palestras da pós, almoços e jantas no RU, me ajudar com os documentos de qualificação e defesa e pela amizade construída ao longo do meu mestrado. Aos meus amigos de São Vicente: Ivan (SB), Pedro (Balrog), Rafael (Xicó), Rodolfo (Marga), André (Tadinho), Renê (Paralho), Deborah (Bis), Isabella (Bitela), Marcos (Nhonho), Jéssica (Mistinho), Larissa (Enxama), Lucas (Baiano), Rafael Tilly, Andrey (Buzina), pela amizade e apoio ao longo de todos esses anos, por sempre me receberem como se eu fizesse parte de suas famílias e pelas longas e proveitosas conversas de bar. Ao meu amigo Carlo M. Cunha, pelas boas conversas na internet sobre carreira acadêmica, malacologia e pelo apoio quando tive momentos de fraqueza. As pessoas que procuraram e pegaram artigos para mim nas bibliotecas do IB/USP (Isabella Romitelli), Museu de Zoologia da USP (Carlo M. Cunha) e Museu Nacional da UFRJ (Gilmar Antonio Giraldelli Filho). À minha ex-orientadora, Iracy, por ter iniciado e aceitado orientar nos meus primeiros passos como cientista e malacólogo, na época do Megalobulimus, e por seu exemplo de ternura, me lembrando de ser menos frio às vezes. Ao professor Marcelo A. A. Pinheiro, pela oportunidade de ministrar aulas de Mollusca para meus bixos em sua disciplina de Zoologia de Invertebrados Basais e Lophotrochozoa. Aos professores da UNESP São Vicente, pela formação e base sólida que me deram e que ajudou a ser o profissional que sou hoje. À CAPES, pela concessão da minha bolsa de mestrado e à FAPESP (Processo 11/50297-4), por financiar o projeto de Aplacophora do meu orientador. À CENPES/PETROBRAS, pela doação dos espécimes de aplacóforos ao meu orientador. À Adriane e Stella, do Laboratório de Microscopia Eletrônica, por todo o apoio e atenção nas horas de MEV. Por fim, a todos aqueles que me ajudaram ao longo da minha vida de alguma forma e que não foram citados nesta monografia. "Todo conhecimento inicia-se na imaginação, no sonho; só depois desce à realidade material e terrena por meio da lógica" Albert Einstein Resumo Os aplacóforos são moluscos conhecidos por possuírem o corpo, em geral, pequeno, alongado e coberto por espículas, também chamadas de escleritos. Eles possuem duas linhagens, Solenogastres (=Neomeniomorpha) e Caudofoveata (=Chaetodermomorpha), distinguidas pela presença de um sulco pedioso ventral (presente somente em Solenogastres), de escudo oral (somente em Caudofoveata) e por detalhes da anatomia interna. Relativamente poucos taxonomistas têm se dedicado ao estudo dos aplacóforos, sendo que para o Brasil, em particular, esses moluscos podem ser considerados como praticamente desconhecidos, pois apenas cinco espécies são registradas para o nosso litoral. Com o objetivo maior de contribuir para o conhecimento da diversidade taxonômica dos aplacóforos do sudeste do Brasil, duas espécies da família Chaetodermatidae e uma de Limifossoridae, ambas pertencentes aos Caudofoveata, foram analisadas por meio de microscopia de luz e eletrônica de varredura, visando descrevê-las pela morfologia do corpo, escudo oral, escleritos e rádula. Além disso, uma lista com o sumário das informações sobre todas as espécies dos gêneros Chaetoderma e Falcidens, junto com uma discussão sobre o estado atual desses gêneros também é fornecida. Os dois Chaetodermatidae examinados são espécies ainda não descritas para a ciência, pertencente aos gêneros Chaetoderma Lovén, 1844 e Falcidens Salvini-Plawen, 1968. O Limifossoridae trata-se de uma espécie já conhecida, Scutopus megaradulatus Salvini-Plawen, 1972, mas nunca registrada para o Brasil, sendo que este estudo representa uma ampliação da sua distribuição para o Atlântico Sul e sua descrição original é complementada, adicionando detalhes morfológicos nunca observados anteriormente. Trata-se, portanto, de um estudo pioneiro com esses animais, muito pouco conhecidos tanto relação aos demais moluscos, quanto para o litoral brasileiro. Palavras-chave: Mollusca, Taxonomia, Chaetoderma, Falcidens, Scutopus megaradulatus ABSTRACT The aplacophorans are mollusks known by having a body, in general, small, elongated and covered by spicules, also known as sclerites. They have two lineages, Solenogastres (=Neomeniomorpha) and Caudofoveata (=Chaetodermomorpha), distinguished by the presence of a pedal groove (present only in Solenogastres), oral shield (only in Caudofoveata) and by details of the internal anatomy. Relativelly few taxonomists have been dedicated to the study of aplacophorans, for Brazil, in particular, the aplacophorans can be considered almost unknown, because there are only 5 species recorded for Brazil. In order to analyse the taxonomic diversity of aplacophorans in southeastern Brazil, two species belonging to family Chaetodermatidae and a Limifossoridae, both belonging to Caudofoveata, were analysed by light and scaning eletron microscopy, aimed to describe them by body morfology, oral shield, sclerites and radula. Also, a list with a summary of information on all species of Chateoderma and Falcidens genera, along with a discussion of the current state of these genera is also provided. Two morphotypes of Chaetodermatidae and one morphotype of Limifossoridae were analysed, through light and scanning eletron microscopy of the body, spicules and radula. The two morphotypes of Chaetodermatidae are undescribed species for science, belonging to the genera Chaetoderma Loven, 1844 and Falcidens Salvini-Plawen, 1968. The morphotype of Limifossoridae is a new occurence of Scutopus megaradulatus Salvini-Plawen, 1972, that amplies its distribution to the South Atlantic and its description is complemented. Moreover, this study represents an important addition of morphological details, useful for aplacophoran systematics. It is, therefore, a pioneering study with these animals, very little known compared to other molluscs, and for the Brazilian coast. Keywords: Mollusca, taxonomy, Chaetoderma, Falcidens, Scutopus megaradulatus. Sumário Introdução Geral ....................................................................................................................... 12 Objetivos ...................................................................................................................................
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