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Ch. 44 – the Civil Rights Revolution (…Mighty Stream) EQ

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Ch. 44 – the Civil Rights Revolution (…Mighty Stream) EQ Ch. 44 The Civil Rights Revolution EQ: How did civil rights activists advance the ideals of liberty, equality, and – (…Mighty Stream) opportunity for African Americans? 44.0: Preview (answer in IAN) 44.1: Coach Schroeder reads introduction 44.2-7: Read Textbook – create a chart with timeline/pictures - Each of these should be used to check your info that you recorded, cut out and placed on a timeline. Date: 1955–1956 Event: Montgomery Bus Boycott Facts: The boycott is sparked by the arrest of Rosa Parks. On the first day, 90% of African Americans who usually ride the bus honor the boycott. To make the boycott work, blacks organize an elaborate carpool system. Martin Luther King Jr. earns a national reputation as a civil rights leader After the boycott, he and other ministers form the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). Date: 1957 Event: Integration of Central High School Facts: Governor Faubus calls out the Arkansas National Guard to prevent integration. President Eisenhower sends in federal troops to maintain order and enforce integration. Nine African American students attend Central High School this year with military bodyguards and under harassment from white students. Date: 1960 Event: First lunch counter sit-in Facts: At a sit-in, protesters sit down in a public place and refuse to move. The first sit-in is held by four black students at a Woolworth’s lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina. They are joined by 20 other people on the second day. Sit-ins spread across the South. The Greensboro sit-ins lead to a boycott of Woolworth’s, which eventually agreed to serve blacks. Date: 1961 Event: Freedom Rides Facts: CORE organizes Freedom Rides to test whether southern states are complying with a Supreme Court ruling that segregation in interstate transportation is illegal. Freedom riders face violence in Anniston, Alabama, when their bus is bombed. The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) continues the rides after CORE abandons them. Date: 1963 Event: Birmingham campaign Facts: Birmingham is chosen as a site for a major campaign of nonviolent protests because it is deeply segregated. King and other demonstrators are arrested and jailed. King writes a letter explaining why African Americans are using civil disobedience to protest segregation. Police use attack dogs and high-pressure fire hoses to prevent protesters, including children, from marching. Date: 1963 Event: March on Washington Facts: On August 28, more than 250,000 people march in Washington, D.C. It is the largest political gathering ever held in the United States. The most notable event of the day is Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I have a dream” speech. At the time of the march, a civil rights bill is making its way through Congress. Date: 1964 Event: Civil Rights Act of 1964 Facts: Senators opposed to the bill filibuster, but the bill is passed and signed into law. The law bans discrimination on the basis of race, sex, religion, or national origin. The law is a landmark act and the most important civil rights legislation passed since Reconstruction. Date: 1965 Event: Voting Rights Act of 1965 Facts: The act outlaws literacy tests and other tactics used to deny blacks the right to vote. Efforts to secure voting rights prove quite successful. Between 1964 and 1968, the number of blacks in Mississippi registered to vote rises from 7% to 59%. Overall across the South, African American voter registration grows by more than 2 million. .
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