February 2, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E 257 The HEAP Act would allow parents to de- ‘‘PAID VOLUNTEERISM’’: AN OXY- In 1992 candidate Clinton endorsed increas- posit up to $5,000 per child each year in a col- MORONIC IDEA ing the minimum wage. During 1993 and 1994, lege savings account with a maximum allow- when he had a congressional majority that would have done it, he did not ask for it, pri- able deduction of $15,000 per year. When HON. GERALD B.H. SOLOMON marily because some sensible Democrats money is withdrawn from a HEAP account for OF NEW YORK told him it was a dumb idea. Al From, head education purposes, one-tenth of that amount IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the centrist Democratic Leadership Coun- would be included in the gross income of the Thursday, February 2, 1995 cil, which once advertised Clinton as a New beneficiary for tax purposes over a 10-year Democrat, says of the minimum wage pro- Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, I commend posal: ‘‘It’s anachronistic, it’s a loser, it’s period. The legislation also includes a 10-per- George Will's article in the Saturday, January got no bite with the middle class. And it cent penalty for money withdrawn from a 28th edition of the Washington Post for your screams old Democrat.’’ HEAP account for purposes other than paying attention: Now that there is a Congress that Clinton for higher education. TWO LIBERAL LOSERS knows will not enact an increase, he calls it Mr. Speaker, this legislation provides a (George F. Will) urgent. However, during Tuesday night’s HEAP of relief for middle class families who oration, when he was pitilessly detailed President Clinton’s turbid State of the about almost everything, he remained reti- are often not eligible for low-interest student Union address was a metaphor for modern cent about how much the minimum wage loans and other Government aid. By encour- government—sprawling, metastasizing, un- should be increased. Leaving aside the aging these families to save for their children, disciplined, approaching self-parody. It un- unwisdom of government telling employers we help give future generations access to all derscored the fact that his administration what to pay employees, it is generally true now is politically almost harmless,but is aes- that when you increase the cost of some- the advantages of higher education. I urge my thetically excruciating. colleagues to support the HEAP Act and pay thing, people buy less of it. There is evidence The address was heavily larded—exactly that is true of labor at the low end of the tribute to those who shaped this worthy legis- the right word, that—with semi-conservative wage scale. lation. words about cutting taxes, spending and reg- The first federal minimum wage—25 cents ulations. However, regarding two matters an hour—was enacted in 1938. Since then, the f Clinton considers crucial—the American longest time between increases was from 1981 Corps ‘‘national service’’ program and the to 1990. During that span, teenage unemploy- ISRAEL H. MILTON HONORED minimum wage—the address was half-baked ment (teenagers are a third of all minimum and half-hearted liberalism. wage earners) fell from 23.2 percent to 15.5 AmeriCorpos, says Clinton, will revive percent, and black teenage unemployment HON. CARRIE P. MEEK American volunteerism. The approximately fell from 48 percent to 31 percent. Then the 80 million Americans who volunteer their forces of compassion struck, raising the min- OF FLORIDA time to religious and civic organizations imum wage twice, in 1990 and 1991. In 1992 may wonder who needs reviving and how teenage unemployment went up to 20 per- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES much it matters whether AmeriCorps even- cent. tually produces 100,000 more volunteers. Thursday, February 2, 1995 Now, it is problematic establishing causa- Today 2.9 million of America’s 80 million tion for any phenomenon as complex and Mrs. MEEK of Florida. Mr. Speaker, next volunteers are ages 18 to 25, the ages of varied as joblessness. And some studies, in- AmeriCorps ‘‘volunteers.’’ week Israel H. Milton, the Assistant Dade cluding one by associates of the current sec- To Americans who use the English lan- retary of labor, purport to show that the County Manager responsible for human serv- guage to communicate thoughts rather than ices programs, will retire from our county gov- minimum wage can be increased somewhat parody them, the use of the word ‘‘volun- without increasing unemployment. However, ernment. I want to join with his many friends teer’’ in connection with AmeriCorps’ re- the question is academic because a former and admirers throughout our entire community cruits must seem like the latest redundant academic—Rep. Dick Armey, the ex-profes- in extending to him our thanks for his out- evidence that Washington is stark raving sor of economics who now is majority lead- mad. To plain-speaking Americans, a volun- er—says he will oppose an increase ‘‘with standing service and our congratulations for a teer is someone who contributes his or her job well done. every fiber of my being,’’ and he will have unpaid labor. Clinton’s ‘‘volunteers’’ will be much company. Israel Milton is a public servant in the very paid a $7,400 annual stipend, plus $9,450 worth But this is of more than academic interest: highest and best sense of the word. He is a of college expenses over two years. And this The minimum wage is now $4.25 an hour. veteran of more than three decades hard work is not all that Clinton’s little puddle of gov- Clinton is said to be thinking about seeking and achievement in the area of social serv- ernment-manufactured ‘‘volunteers’’—little $5 an hour. The New Citizenship Project cal- relative to the 80 million true volunteers ices. culates that AmeriCorps ‘‘volunteers’’ earn who need neither financial incentives from, more than $7 an hour. Never one to shy away from difficult assign- nor organization by, government—will cost ments, Israel Milton began his career in Dade taxpayers. f County in 1967 as a social services adminis- In addition to the health and childcare en- titlements for AmeriCorps members, and SALUTE TO CHICAGO ATTORNEY trator at the Kendall Children's Home. He also AND FORMER ALDERMAN LEON served as director of the Office of Neighbor- AmeriCorps’ Washington bureaucracy, money is spent to locate ‘‘volunteers’’ to DESPRES, ON THE OCCASION OF hood Service Centers and director of the take AmeriCorps money. The Omaha World- HIS 87TH BIRTHDAY Model Cities Program; became director of the Herald says that AmeriCorps gave Nebras- Department of Human Resources in 1982; and ka’s state government a $457,622 grant to re- rose to assistant county manager in 1992. cruit 23 AmeriCorps members. That $19,896.60 HON. BOBBY L. RUSH The talents and judgment he brought to per recruit calls into question the effective- OF ILLINOIS ness of the $1.7 million AmeriCorps paid a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES these jobs and the breadth and depth of his Washington PR firm for national advertis- experience will be sorely missed; people of his ing. Thursday, February 2, 1995 calibre are not easily replaced. He has always According to the New Citizenship Project, Mr. RUSH. Mr. Speaker, I rise this afternoon been accessible to the people of our commu- a conservative advocacy group, of to salute a gentleman who is a Chicago insti- nity, constantly working to provide quality serv- AmeriCorps’ first 20,000 ‘‘volunteers,’’ 1,200 tution and a lifelong friend of the underdog ices and a better life for all our citizens. are working for agencies of the federal gov- ernment. The New Citizenship Project warns and of the working Chicagoan. Leon Despres, Israel Milton is a graduate of Dorsey High that AmeriCorps is ripe for politicization, who turns 87 years young today, played a cru- School in Miami and Bethune-Cookman Col- citing a Washington Monthly report that a cial role in the Chicago City Council during the lege. He received his Master's Degree in so- 1993 pilot project became an exercise in iden- senior Richard Daley's tenure as major of Chi- cial work from Atlanta University. tity politics and political correctness, devel- cago. This role, that of the loyal and principled Mr. Speaker, I want to extend my best wish- oping ethnic and homosexual caucuses. And opposition, is one that my Democratic col- es to Israel Milton and to his wife, Thelma Mil- the Los Angeles Times reported that a 1994 leagues and I are growing to appreciate more pilot project in San Francisco used its ‘‘vol- and more as we settle into our new roles in ton. Our community thanks you for your serv- unteers’’ to protest ‘‘three-strikes-and- ice and for the contribution you have made to you’re-out’’ crime legislation.’’ the 104th Congress. Unfortunately, I did not the lives of so many people. Clinton calls AmeriCorps the achievement have the honor of serving in the Chicago City ‘‘I would say I was most proud of.’’ No mini- Council during the 20 years that Mr. Despres mum wage increase will be rival for that served there. However, he served as Par- title. liamentarian of that body under the late, great E 258 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 2, 1995 Mayor Harold Washington during my first few Daley has been dead since 1976 and the ma- Steeltown ties go back a long way—to the years in the Council. Len Despres is well chine long since has lost firepower, but days when there really was a Steeltown. known as a tireless advocate of such bread- Despres goes on. He thrives on lawyering, Ed Sadlowski once was the youngest dis- and-buter issues as racial equality, civil rights, the hands-on kind. He relishes phone calls, trict director in the United Steel Workers of conferences, clients new and old. America, with Despres as his attorney. fair housing and open government. Unlike so He’s not a man for long lunches, and some- Sadlowski hadn’t even been born in 1937 many of his contemporaries, he advocated times grabs a salad at Morton’s Cafeteria, an when Chicago police killed 10 labor dem- many of these controversial issues during a old-line hangout for old-line Lop types at 120 onstrators at a Memorial Day gathering. The time before they were fashionable and fre- W. Madison St. He takes time out only for a shooting came to be known in labor history quently did so in the face of great opposition. half-hour afternoon nap ‘‘to recharge my as the Republic Steel Massacre. Mr. Speaker, the Chicago Tribune published batteries.’’ Office routine elates him. In the stunned aftermath, a protest rally an article about Mr. Despres in its January 22, ‘‘I enjoy clearing titles, drafting wills, ad- was held in the Civic Opera House. ‘‘Did you 1995 edition, and I submit this article, which vising people,’’ he says. Mind you, this has know Despres helped to organize the captures the essence of Mr. Despres quite ac- been going on since he started practice in rally?’’says an admiring Sadlowski. 1929. ‘‘He’s had 60-odd years of being consist- curately to be entered into the CONGRESSIONAL The man is an institution: the Phi Beta ently good. He was over at my house the RECORD in honor of Mr. Despres' 87th birth- Kappa liberal, independent Democrat and other day and he’s as sharp as ever. I wonder day. best friend of underdogs who wouldn’t go what he drinks that keeps him that way.’’ [From the Chicago Tribute, Jan. 22, 1995] along and consequently never got to be a Said Sadlowski’s wife, Marlene: ‘‘Exer- STILL IN THE SWIM judge or a congressman. cise!’’ (By M. W. Newman) In his time in office you couldn’t beat City REMEMBERING CLARENCE DARROW Leon Despres gets to bed around 9 o’clock Hall, and Despres didn’t. But now try walk- Like Cole Porter penning a lyric, Despres on most weeknights and sleeps the sleep of ing with him anywhere near that hall with- always seems to know what his next word babes and sages. At 4:50 a.m. he’s up and out someone coming up and saying, ‘‘Hello, should be. He can spout in four languages ready to go. That’s the Despres way. Alderman.’’ and quotes Thucydides, Ovid, Homer, Shake- Thirty-five minutes later, he’s downstairs ‘‘Everybody wants Leon’s blessing,’’ says speare and the fabled Chicago lawyer of yes- at 59th Street and Stony Island Avenue, his friend Herbert M. Kraus, a veteran pub- ter-year, Clarence Darrow. waiting in the icy darkness for the CTA’s No. licist and civic doer. ‘‘He’s a Renaissance Darrow died in 1938, but Despres recalls a 6 express bus. It’s a January morning, 4 de- man in hustling Chicago.’’ long talk he once had with the brooding old grees above zero. A prairie wind shivers in. Despres may not hustle, but he gets there titan. ‘‘He had an office right in this same No problem: Despres has had 86 years of get- just the same. He’s tall and erect, with an building,’’ he says. ‘‘We keep his photograph ting used to it. Nearly 87. assured manner, handsome features, silvery in our conference room. He was an inspira- The No. 6 at this hour is a working folks’ hair and a silver tongue to go with it. These tion, a great trial lawyer—selflessly inter- bus. The passengers are regulars. As on most days he’s trying to take off 10 or 15 pounds. ested in the fight against discrimination and mornings, Despres is the only white person Otherwise he doesn’t look all that different the death penalty.’’ aboard. Almost certainly he is the only 86- than he did during his warrior times in the Every year on the anniversary of Darrow’s year-old. Beyond doubt, on this trip he is the council. death, Despres helps to conduct a memorial only Loop lawyer, former alderman and cer- ‘‘Leon was born with a great deal of energy ceremony for him in Darrow’s beloved Jack- tified civic role model, all in one. and can do whatever he sets out to do,’’ says son Park. The bus swings downtown along South his wife, Marian. She is an eminent Despres, of course, is not the rumpled, sus- Lake Shore Drive. Despres loves the lakeside Chicagoan herself and a member of the Chi- penders-thumbing showman and yarn-spin- run but notes the pileup of parking lots and cago Landmarks Commission. But when he ner that Darrow, was. He keeps his hair convention halls and traffic ramps where gets up early to go swimming, she confides, combed, wears a pressed suit and a neat tie, trees or open water once held sway. ‘‘I roll over and go back to sleep.’’ and cannot be accused of cracker-barrel cha- ‘‘Civicide’’ is one of his words for vol- ‘HORATIO AT THE BRIDGE’ risma. untary treeslaughter. Until a few years ago, But Despres has shown how to bring ‘‘jus- he enjoyed bicycling to work on the lake- Despres’ fan club includes some members tice to the city,’’ Geoghegan wrote in front until he was rammed from behind and who at times crossed swords or at least ‘‘Which Side Are You On?’’ his impassioned knocked cold by another biker. words with him. Seymour Simon, now 79 and book about organized labor published in 1991. ‘‘I took that as a warning; you can’t hear a former justice of the Illinois Supreme Despres never has left much doubt about a bicycle,’’ he says—and gave up the bike for Court, was an alderman and ward com- which side he is on. The elder Daley’s gum- early-a.m. swimming. mitteeman in the Daley vs. Despres years. shoes spied on him for years, it turned out By about 5:50 on this morning, as on all He calls Despres ‘‘the best alderman in the after Despres left the council. They may weekday mornings, he’s in the University United States.’’ have wondered why they bothered, because Club, a polished neo-oldie cloister at 76 E. ‘‘He was Horatio at the bridge,’’ says he seemed to favor lost causes and oddball Monroe St. The club building dates from Simon. ‘‘Wise, brilliant, with a great grasp of fancies like racial equality and fair housing, 1908, the year Despres was born at 41st Street details and sense of humor.’’ civil rights, open government, budget econ- and Michigan Avenue. It has dark wood pan- John Hoellen, 80, served with Despres from omy, freedom from censorship, controls on eling and baronial fireplaces, but he skips all 1955 to 1975. Hoellen was that exotic alder- lead-paint poisoning. that and is in the basement pool by 6 a.m. manic import, a Republican. Despres was even tailed to a Halloween Despres is not there to float around. He He and Despres once got into a row over a benefit party in 1972 at the First Unitarian does his 52 laps, a half-mile, moving from James Baldwin novel that was required read- Church on 57th Street. backstroke to breast stroke to crawl as ing at Wright Junior College. It wasn’t any Buy a funny thing happen on the way to steadily as a swimmer a quarter of his age. of the City Council’s business, but Hoellen the 21st Century. Musclebound Chicago loos- Usually a half-dozen other swimmers join challenged Despres to read aloud some of the ened up. Despres has lived long enough to see him. But no one else even shows up on this homoerotic passages. Despres replied by ask- many of his causes embraced or least grudg- ice-cold morning. ing Hoellen if he would ban the Bible because ingly accepted by the party wheelhorses. ‘‘The whole gang chickened out,’’ he says it had sex in it. ‘‘You don’t have the top-heavy load of with a laugh. But all that was 30 years ago. Hoellen now payrollers anymore,’’ says Hoellen. ‘‘There’s He’s in the water by himself for 42 min- describes Despres as a ‘‘super person, more sensitivity to problems.’’ utes, comes out lit up and follows with pool- thoughtful, considerate, decent, compas- side coffee, rolls and bagels: the Despres rou- sionate.’’ BATTLING THE BOSS tine. Probably nobody, however—starting with But there’s less comic relief. Despres’ tiffs ‘‘It makes my day,’’ Despres says in that Despres—expected him to go on being a suc- with Boss Daley, sire of the present mayor, strong, clear voice of his. ‘‘Absolutely makes cessful lawyer into his late 80s. He is at a had an ‘‘Odd Couple’’ sense of antic timing. my day.’’ peak of achievement, says his 45-year-old The Boss was maximum leader of the troops, But his day is just starting. By 7:45, Mon- partner, Thomas Geoghegan. had the votes and presided over the City day through Friday, he’s in his office at 77 Despres long has been an attorney for Council, so he couldn’t lose. W. Washington Blvd. for a full round of labor union, and his clients in the firm of Despres learned early to talk fast before work. He doesn’t knock off till 5:15. Despres, Schwartz and Geoghegan now in- the beet-fased mayor could grow irritated Leon Despres, generally known by his clude the Teamsters under the reform lead- and cut off his aldermanic microphone. That nickname of Len, is an enduring natural ership of Ron Carey. happened at times. ‘‘I couldn’t count on any wonder of Chicago. For 20 years ending in In the 1980s, Geoghegan was the firm’s 10 minutes,’’ Despres explains. 1975, Despres was the City Council’s inde- point man in an embittering fight to win a Seymour Simon summons up remembrance pendent icon, the finger-wagging conscience settlement for the bereft employees of Wis- of a Daley-Despres sideshow of the late 1960s. from Hyde Park snipping at old Boss Mayor consin Steel after it shut down. A $14.8 mil- Despres ‘‘was the instigator’’ on that occa- Richard J. Daley and the party machine. lion payout was awarded in 1988. Despres’ sion, according to Simon, and was needling February 2, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E 259 the Boss about his choice of a new police su- THE IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH tion, about smaller government, less regula- perintendent. It was a ticklish matter. Chi- AND DEVELOPMENT tion, and market incentives as opposed to cago had never fully reclaimed face after a Government-dictated solutions. The R&D cred- 1960 ‘‘burglars-in-blue’’ scandal that was all HON. NANCY L. JOHNSON it is an example of a successful program by but etched on the city seal. which the Federal Government has encour- Daley flared back and called Despres ‘‘a OF CONNECTICUT aged market forces to dictate where and when faker,’’ Simon remembers. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES innovation and technology should occur. The That brought Simon into the game. He Thursday, February 2, 1995 urged the mayor to cool it. At the time, most recent study on the issue, prepared by Simon had begun wearing his hair in a re- Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speak- KPMG Peat Marwick's policy economic group, play of Samson before Delilah got her shears. er, the single biggest factor behind productivity concludes that ``a one dollar reduction in the Baseball players and hard hats often look growth is innovation. Two-thirds to 80 percent after tax price of R&D stimulates approxi- that way now. But in the 1960s hair around of productivity growth since the Great Depres- mately one dollar of additional private R&D the ears looked like aldermanic heresy to sion is attributable to innovation. In an industri- spending in the short run, and about two dol- the Boss. alized society, research and development is lars of additional R&D spending in the long ‘‘Why don’t you go get a haircut?’’ he the primary means by which technological in- run.'' That, in turn, implies long run increases snapped at Simon. novation is generated. However, because in GDP. Thus, an effectively targeted R&D Legend has it that Despres proposed that firms cannot capture fully the rewards of their credit can help set the pace of growth and the council’s forestry committee set stand- innovationÐthe rate of return to society of in- should not be allowed to expire. ards for the foliage of aldermen, though he Currently the Government spends over $71 says he doesn’t remember that quip now. novation is twice that which accrues to the in- billion per year on nondefense R&D. This Even that wasn’t the last word. dividual companyÐthe market activity alone Two days later, Daley telephoned Simon. creates under-investment in R&D. The situa- spending will, and should, come under scru- ‘‘Sis [Daley’s wife, Eleanor] tells me I got tion is aggravated by the high risk associated tiny with the rest of Federal spending. This to apologize,’’ he said. with R&D. Eighty percent of such projects are spending can be cut without reducing our ‘‘No need,’’ Simon replied. ‘‘We’re grown believed to be economic failures. Therefore, commitment to U.S. commercial leaders of the men.’’ economists and technicians who have studied technological revolution. I believe a permanent ‘‘Sis tells me I got to apologize,’’ the Boss the issue are nearly unanimous that the Gov- R&D credit should be enacted as part of a repeated. ernment should intervene to bolster R&D. meaningful, market-driven program to stimu- late R&D, and I sincerely hope such action A CIVIC LANDMARK If the United States fails to provide U.S. companies with competitive incentives to con- can be completed before the June 30, 1995, Despres rarely heard apologies. Ald. Vito duct R&D, many U.S. firms in key industriesÐ expiration date. Marzullo despaired of him as a ‘‘nitwit.’’ Ald. I am pleased to be introducing this legisla- Thomas Keane, Machiavelli of the council, aerospace, electronics, chemicals, health tech- complained that Despres was a ‘‘loud- nology, and telecommunications, to name a tion with my friends and colleagues, Rep- mouth.’’ That was before Keane was sent up fewÐwill find it harder to compete in an in- resentatives ROBERT MATSUI, WALLY HERGER, for mail fraud. creasingly globalized marketplace, jeopardiz- and RICHARD NEAL. I intend to work actively to Aldermen who stayed clear of prison yelled ing their leadership positions. ensure a permanent extension of the R&D ‘‘shut up’’ at Despres. He never did. What’s For the past 13 years we have had an R&D credit and encourage all my colleagues, on more, he remained on the council scene after tax credit, designed to provide an incentive for both sides of the aisle, to work with me in this retiring from it by serving as parliamentar- companies to conduct additional R&D in the important endeavor. ian for two mayors: Jane Byrne (‘‘always in- United States. Some, myself included, believe f teresting and she gave great parties’’) and the credit structure can be improved to in- Harold Washington (‘‘a great mayor’’). It was crease its effectiveness, especially regarding AGRICULTURAL LANDS all in a day’s routine for a man used to 100- small business and high-technology industries. PROTECTION ACT OF 1995 hour work weeks when he was an alderman. As the marketplace changes and industries Despres never was your trademark civic fa- ther. He is a connoisseur of books, opera, mature, we must continue to improve the ef- HON. JOHN N. HOSTETTLER theater, architecture, food, fine wines and fectiveness and utilization of this important OF INDIANA world travel. program. We have made such changes on no IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fewer than four occasions in the past. Most He founded the Friends of WFMT to sup- Thursday, February 2, 1995 port that FM radio station in a struggle with importantly, however, we must remove the un- its board. His firm went into battle to ensure certainty surrounding the credit's extension Mr. HOSTETTLER. Mr. Speaker, today I am that the station would maintain its fine-arts and once and for all permanently extend the introducing the Agricultural Lands Protection character. provision. Study after study has established Act of 1995. This bill is meant to provide fun- But Despres is first of all and most of all a that the credit's uncertain future reduces its damental change in the approach taken to- Hyde Parker. He went to school there, he ability to continue stimulating additional in- ward deciding how land can be used. It grants built his political base there. In 1967 he was creases in R&D expenditures. owners of regularly farmed land freedom from mugged and shot there, on 55th Street, and To the extent that researchers in American overzealous regulators and it would end the lived to explain that it could happen any- laboratories are able to pioneer the new tech- withholding of farm program benefits as a pen- where. nologies, processes, and products that will alty for farmers farming their land. He and his wife—who have a son, Robert, in Connecticut, and a daughter, Linda Baskin, drive global markets, we will be able to offer The Agricultural Lands Protection Act of in Chicago—have been married for 63 years. skilled and highly paid jobs to the next genera- 1995 will not jeopardize ground water quality. They celebrated their 60th by chartering a tion of Americans. That is why we must now It will not inhibit the numerous private sector cruise boat and inviting some 200 friends to underscore our permanent commitment to a efforts to restore and conserve true wetlands. join them. In the Despres mode, the voyage leadership role in global technological ad- How a property owner uses his or her land was educational as well as sentimental: sky- vancement. If we fail to act, the R&D credit should determine how that land is classified. line sightseeing with a tour guide. The boat will expire in June of this year. Such failure is Water levels and vegetation types should not explored Chicago’s Old Ma River, both the opposite message we should be sending take precedence over the property owners' branches, and Len says: ‘‘It’s the greatest to U.S. businesses that are gearing up to land needs. We can make significant strides Chicago trip. You see the buildings in a way meet the challenges of a rapidly changing, toward helping farmers and ranchers economi- you never saw them before.’’ global marketplace. cally by simply getting these burdensome reg- Despres will be 87 on Feb. 2, a Thursday. He As we prepare to enter the 21st century, we ulations out of the way. expects it to be a workday as usual. He’ll must remain committed to providing an envi- Farmers are the true conservationists. No- board the No. 6 bus in the darkness, swim 52 ronment that fosters technological investment body appreciates more the need to take care laps or maybe more, have a bagel and coffee, and get to work. and scientific exploration. America's continued of the land. Their livelihoods depend on it. But ‘‘I have been very fortunate,’’ he says. economic well-being depends on it. Such in- a low spot in a field that holds water after And that is Chicago’s own good fortune. vestment creates more and higher paying U.S. heavy rain is not the ideal habitat for ducks. If jobs, increases productivity, and, in turn, in- it has been farmland, it should stay farmland creases the U.S. standard of living. until the property owner decides otherwise. I There is considerable discussion, on both urge all members to cosponsor and support sides of the aisle and within the Administra- this valuable bill.