2014 East Branch Assessment Report

East Branch Assessment Report & Recommended Action Plan

Housatonic River East Branch Stream Team 2014

Housatonic Valley Association

The Housatonic Valley Association (HVA), founded in 1941, works to conserve the natural character and environmental health of our communities by protecting and restoring the lands and waters of the Housatonic Watershed for this and future generations.

This Stream Team Project was made possible by a grant from The Massachusetts Environmental Trust and from membership contributions.

If you value water resources in Massachusetts show your support by ordering a Specialty “Preserve the Trust” License Plate.

These license plates exclusively fund environmental programs. https://secure.rmv.state.ma.us/SpecialPlates/intro.aspx

The shoreline survey form and the concept of the Stream Teams is a statewide program coordinated by the Division of Ecological Restoration

HVA office locations:

Berkshire Office Connecticut Office New York Office 1383 Route 102, P.O. Box 251 150 Kent Road, P.O. Box 28 P.O. Box 315 South Lee, MA 01260 Cornwall Bridge, CT 06754 Wassaic, NY 12592 Phone: 413-394-9796 Phone: 860-672-6678 Phone: 845-879-1381 Fax: 413-394-9818 Fax: 860-672-0162 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

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Table of Contents

I. Introduction: The East Branch Stream Team 3

II. Map of Housatonic River East Branch Segment 4

III. Section Descriptions and Proposed Action Items 5

IV. East Branch Section Maps 18

V. East Branch Feature Data Table 29

VI. East Branch Action Plan 35

VII. Progress Updates Since the 2000 Stream Team Report 36

VIII. Appendix A: Data Collection Survey Form 39

Stream Team Members Jeanne Rothman, Bob Paradysz, Donald Munger, Susan Purser, Cheryl Rose, Henry Rose, Jenny Hersch, Mike Darroch, Chris Regan, Alison Dixon, Dennis Regan

Coordinating Organization The Housatonic Valley Association, P.O. Box 251, South Lee, MA 01260 Dennis Regan, Berkshire Director; Alison Dixon, Outreach Manager

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I. Introduction: The East Branch Stream Team

After 40 years of federal, state & local action under the Clean Water Act of 1972, most of the direct sewage and wastewaters that were legally discharged directly into our waterways have been eliminated. Unfortunately, a 2013 report issued by EPA still classifies more than half of the rivers still not safe for swimming, and their fish are not safe to eat1. Today’s pollution problem is primarily due to stormwater runoff (contaminated runoff from roadways, parking lots, lawns and farm fields). Failed septic systems, soil erosion and seepage from abandoned dumps and former landfills are also contributing factors.

It is clear that more needs to be done to improve our water quality. These are difficult problems which require creative solutions, constant oversight and community support. Government agencies and regional environmental groups are striving to help communities find practical solutions to this current pollution problem through education, new technology and partnerships with community leaders, industry, and concerned citizens. Critical to these efforts is accurate local information on the quantity and quality of water flowing through our neighborhoods. Up-to-date knowledge about the condition of our rivers and the watershed is essential to determine which actions are recommended to improve our rivers’ health. Success requires involvement of our local communities. To this end, Stream Teams comprised of local volunteers are an effective and efficient way to collect this data.

The East Branch Stream Team is one such team that has been organized by the Housatonic Valley Association (HVA) to collect data in the Massachusetts’ section of the Housatonic Watershed. Stream Teams are comprised of local volunteers that act as the ‘eyes and ears’ of their community. The volunteers identify and record the present condition and character of the river in their towns.

Back in 2000, the initial East Branch Stream Team surveyed the river and completed a report of their findings and recommendations. Since then, many of their recommendations have been implemented. However, almost fifteen years have passed, and a new survey was warranted.

In 2013 and 2014, the East Branch Stream Team inventoried the river from the headwaters at Muddy Pond downstream to Hubbard Avenue in Pittsfield. Several areas have been identified as public attributes, others as areas of concern that need remedial action. Team members have identified and prioritized the importance of these projects. HVA will now work with the community to implement these recommendations.

This report is intended as a management resource not as a guide to paddling the river. A Paddling Guide to the Housatonic River in Berkshire County, published by HVA, is available on line or by contacting an HVA office (http://www.hvatoday.org/library/publications/.)

1Source: http://water.epa.gov/type/rsl/monitoring/riverssurvey/index.cfm

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II. Map of Housatonic River East Branch Segment

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III. Section Descriptions and Proposed Action Items The Section Maps (pages 18-28) locates the specific findings which are detailed in the Feature Data Table (pages 29-34).

Section A: Muddy Pond to Bullards Crossing Road

Surveyors: Jeanne Rothman and friends

Distance: 1.4 miles Elevation: 1,445 feet to 1,430 feet Significant Tributaries: Bilodoe Brook Access Points: Muddy Pond, Bullards Crossing Rd. both unofficial Ecologically Sensitive Areas: Hinsdale Flats Area of Critical Environmental Concern (ACEC), 14,500 acres, 1992, Dalton, Hinsdale, Peru, and Washington

Section Overview

The East Branch begins at the outflow of Muddy Pond located on the border of Washington and Hinsdale. The pond is a small shallow water body of post-glacial origin. The outflow is narrow with clear water with abundant vegetation which makes passage difficult in low water. This stream feeds the large upland wetland known as the Hinsdale Flats.

This section of river is located in a seemingly clean, pristine, wetland in an undeveloped natural setting. There is minimal human disturbance from houses or roads with the exception of the railroad tracks which are parallel to the river in this section. Wetland forests are located on the edges of this wide wetland area which is approximately 100 yards wide in this section.

Section Condition

Fish, turtles, fresh water mussels, birds, beavers, and other mammals are in abundance; as are moose droppings. The gentle twists and turns of the river makes for a very nice section to paddle, however numerous beaver dams have to be crossed and occasionally portaged. The water depth varies from a few inches in places to a few feet in others due to the dams. The predominant vegetation is low, thick wetland shrubs that provide shade to the water but not to the paddler. Purple loosestrife and Phragmites are abundant. A film of sediment or algae was observed along this stretch of river.

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Section A: Muddy Pond to Bullards Crossing Road…continued

Natural Resources Problems Priority Actions and Assets

 Undisturbed wetland area  No official public access  Explore possibilities of with abundant plants and developing public access at  Evidence of algae or sediment animals. Excellent wildlife beginning and end of this covering river bottom in habitat. segment. areas.  Check with MA Fish &Wildlife regarding the algae/sediment

Section B: Bullards Crossing Rd. to Route 8 (Hinsdale)

Surveyors: HVA Paddle Trip; Dennis Regan & Alison Dixon leaders

Distance: 2.9 miles Elevation: 1,430 feet to 1,429 feet Significant Tributaries: Bennet Brook, Access Point Rt. 8 only for emergency only due to busy road, minimal roadway shoulders, and no parking. Ecologically Sensitive Areas: Hinsdale Flats Area of Critical Environmental Concern (ACEC)

Section Overview

This section of river meanders through an extensive, healthy, and shrub dominated wetland until it reaches the raised railroad bed which cuts through the Hinsdale Flats. The river then abuts the tracks in a straight line for 0.8 miles. The resident beavers take full advantage of the raised bed and anchor one end of their dams to the raised bed. This section ends when the river then passes underneath Route 8.

Section Condition

Abundant wildlife such as water fowl, mammals, birds, and turtles are found in this area. The railroad tracks are the only human impact to this area. The water is clear water although colored by tannins. Beaver dams are abundant, especially along the railroad tracks. There is also a large stand of dead and dying maple trees in the wetland along railroad tracks.

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Section B: Bullards Crossing Rd. to Route 8 (Hinsdale)…continued

Natural Resources Problems Priority Actions and Assets  Wild and scenic area.  No official public  Explore potential for developing public access access at the beginning and end of this section

Section C: Route 8 Bridge to the Town Bridge in the Center of Hinsdale

Surveyors: HVA Paddle Trip; Dennis Regan & Alison Dixon leaders

Distance: 1.9 miles Elevation: 1,429 feet to 1,428 feet Significant Tributaries: Frisell Brook, Russo Brook Access Point: Ozzie’s Restaurant property (private property, permission required.) Ecologically Sensitive Areas: Hinsdale Flats Area of Critical Environmental Concern (ACEC)

Section Overview

This section of river continues to meander through an extensive, healthy looking, and shrub dominated wetland. About a mile from downtown Hinsdale the river enters a forested landscape and continues towards town, passing houses on river right just upstream of downtown.

Section Condition

Abundant wildlife such as water fowl, mammals, birds, and turtles continue to be prevalent in this area. The water is clear water although a bit tannin. Beaver dams and very large beaver huts are abundant. Just upstream of downtown Hinsdale along the RR tracks, river left is an area where gravel has been dumped along the tracks and in the edge of the river. It appears this was done a few years ago to protect the RR tracks from flooding. There is also evidence of continued heavy roadway storm water runoff being directly discharged into the river in this area.

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Section C: Route 8 Bridge to the Town Bridge in the Center of Hinsdale…continued

Natural Resources Problems Priority Actions and Assets  Wild and scenic area  No official public  Document and share possibilities for access public access at beginning and end of this section  Continue to monitor the railroad gravel dumped into the river to help ensure that this does not happen again  Investigate methods to minimize the roadway water runoff to lessen the river impact

Section D: Hinsdale Town Center to Old Dalton Road Bridge

Surveyors: Bob Paradysz

Distance: 1.0 miles Elevation: 1,428 feet to 1,340 feet Significant Tributaries: none Access Points: Unnamed brook at Old Dalton Road Ecologically Sensitive Areas: Hinsdale Flats Area of Critical Environmental Concern (ACEC) Section Overview

This river section begins in Hinsdale Center and flows generally northward through town and passes underneath the Robinson Road bridge. At 0.2 miles the river reaches an old breached wooden dam, which was a part of the old Renfrew Woolen Mill, and begins a steeper decent towards Dalton. The stream banks below the dam are lined with stone walls, also remnants of the old mill. There is a stone lined passageway underneath Rt. 8 that is assumed to be an old cattle crossing tunnel. At 0.5 miles, the stream passes under Route 8. It then traces the contour of a hill bordering an old gravel operation for about 0.25 miles before reaching a small, unnamed brook on the right at 0.9 miles. The Old Dalton Road Bridge is reached at 1.0 miles. The river begins to flatten at the end of this section which creates larger, longer pools.

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Section D: Hinsdale Town Center to Old Dalton Road Bridge…continued

Section Condition

From the beginning of this section to the old dam is a residential area and on river right some of the lawns are mowed down to rivers edge. At the dam site, river trash and debris have collected. This 1800’s dam breached in 2008 and the sediment build-up behind the dam washed downstream and is still evident in the river as sediment deltas. The middle of this section is less developed, with large trees along both banks. There is an auto mechanic business, river left, which has remains of old car parts found along the river. A golf course, river right, has reclaimed the old gravel pit and is over the hill from the river, which explains the occasional golf ball found in the river. At the end of the section, on river left, there are homes with lawns mowed down to the river, and on river right, a deli has also mowed down to the river.

Fish are plentiful in this area, as well as frogs, crawfish, mussels and clams, and the occasional mink. Hinsdale was once home to a large commercial mink farm that was occasionally liberated of its occupants. Problems encountered include backyard dumping, a strong petroleum smell coming from an automotive garage, and runoff from nearby streets.

Natural Resources Problems Priority Actions and Assets

 Productive cold water  Partial dam breach, with trash  Organize trash removal at fish habitat and sediment. breached dam.  Parking and river  Car parts on river bank.  Foster greater river awareness access for fishing. and work to install vegetative  Mowed lawns down to river buffers along the river. near Old Dalton Rd.  Investigate petroleum odor  Petroleum odor

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Section E: Old Dalton Road (Hinsdale) to Route 8 Bridge, near Nessacus Middle School (Dalton)

Surveyors: Susan Purser and Don Munger Distance: 1.9 miles Elevation: 1,340 feet to 1,176 feet Significant Tributaries: none Access Points: Old Dalton Road Ecologically Sensitive Areas: none identified

Section Overview

At 0.8 miles river flows beneath Route 8. For the next 0.75 miles the river flows close to Route 8 hugging the west side of the highway. Railroad tracks are also near the river (generally within 0.1 miles). At 1.5 miles the stream briefly jogs northwest away from the highway before turning north reaching the next Route 8 Bridge at 1.9 miles.

Section Condition

The 0.8-mile long section between Old Dalton Road and Route 8 has a swift current of clear water that flows over a bed of boulders, cobbles, and gravel. The vegetation on the banks includes a brushy floodplain habitat just downstream of Old Dalton Road and mature hemlock forest near Route 8. Trash is minimal. There is a slight problem of runoff near and from the Route 8 Bridge. There is a pedestrian bridge over the river just downstream of the Old Dalton Road bridge. This entire section has an established riverside footpath called The Old Mill Trail.

The second section (1.2 miles long), from the first to second Route 8 bridge (south of the middle school) has a wider channel with large boulders. The stream runs nearly parallel to Route 8 and in several places the bank is eroded from runoff. The remains of the old penstock that once carried water downstream from an impoundment above a dam to the former Plunkett Mill can be seen along much of this section.

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Section E: Old Dalton Road (Hinsdale) to Route 8 Bridge, near Nessacus Middle School (Dalton) …continued

Natural Resources Problems Priority Actions and Assets  Old Mill Trail  There is some stream  Investigate possibilities of blockage around old pylons clearing blockage at penstock  Good terrestrial and aquatic near the Route 8 bridge pylons habitat throughout the entire section  Trash down the embankment  Clean up trash below Route 8 from the pull off on Route 8 pull out  Historic remains of the old  Invasive vegetation evident  Assist with maintenance of dam and foundations for the Old Mill Trail Plunkett Brothers Mill  Poor shading where electrical lines cross river on Old Mill  Work with power company  Historic Renfrew Mill site Trail to improve shade/buffer which is now the Old Stone  Condominiums Long term project will be to extend the Old Mill Trail to Wahconah Regional High School  Develop invasive plant management plan

Section F: Route 8 Bridge (Dalton) to Orchard Street (Dalton)

Surveyors: Cheryl and Henry Rose

Distance: 1.1 miles Elevation: 1,176 feet to 1,135 feet Significant Tributaries: Cleveland Brook Access Points: Old Windsor Road, Orchard Street (unofficial, permission required) Ecologically Sensitive Areas: none identified

Section Overview

From the Route 8 Bridge the river flows northeast along a low contour before turning north, passing to the west of Wahconah Regional High School, and reaching Old Windsor Road at 0.4 miles. The stream then passes through the Wahconah Country Club and reaches Cleveland Brook at 0.6 miles. (Cleveland Brook flows generally northwest for 1.9 miles rising from the dam at Cleveland Brook Reservoir in Hinsdale to meet the East Branch just east of

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Dalton Center. The brook drops from 1,436 feet to 1,145 feet over its course or 153 feet/mile. The brook was not included in the Stream Team Survey.) Here the East Branch changes direction turning from northeast to northwest then west, reaching Orchard Street at 1.1 miles at the eastern edge of a residential area of Dalton.

Section Condition

This stretch of river is slow moving, clear, shallow water. The banks have lawns and open fields on river left and a very narrow buffer on river right on Wahconah High School property. Downstream of Old Windsor Road through to Orchard Street, including the golf course of the Wahconah Country Club, the river flows through a mix of maintained fairways and vegetated woods. The woods shade about 30 percent of the waterway, with many blow downs across the river. The water is clear throughout and supports many species of fish and as such, fishing is a popular along this section. Evidence of beaver is also prevalent in this area.

The river banks have been bermed at end of this section with boulders covering the banks. Some riverside homes have mowed down to the river.

Natural Resources Problems Priority Actions and Assets  Abundant wildlife including  Garbage found along river  Clean up trash fish, herons, and osprey bank  Investigate stormwater  Informal fishing trails along  Runoff from Rte 8 runoff controls off Rte 8 river  No official river access in this  Investigate need for area developing a river access

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Section G: Orchard Street (Dalton) to Center Pond Dam (Dalton)

Surveyors: Cheryl and Henry Rose

Distance: 0.9 miles Elevation: 1,135 feet to 1,124 feet Significant Tributaries: Wahconah Falls Brook Access Points: American Legion Field (unofficial, permission required) Ecologically Sensitive Areas: none identified

Section Overview

From Orchard Street the river flows west about 0.4 miles to northern end of Center Pond and the confluence of Wahconah Falls Brook enters on the right. Center Pond is an impoundment measuring about 0.15 miles by 0.25 miles with a few low islands at the northeastern end. Following the channel along the eastern shore, the Route 8 Bridge is reached in about 0.85 miles. The Appalachian National Scenic Trail (AT) crosses the river on the Route 8 Bridge, which is just upstream of the dam.

Section Condition

The dam at Center Pond creates an impoundment that ponds the river for the latter half of this section. The current is slow and the pond is navigable for boaters. The water is clear and the pond bottom is silted. Much of this silt originates from the Windsor Reservoir. When water and silt is released from this reservoir, the silt is deposited in Wahconah Falls Brook and Center Pond. Wildlife is present including waterfowl, fish and mammals such as beavers. Patches of marshy areas are common with some invasion by Phragmites. Some lawns are maintained right to the edge of the riverbank and scattered trash was occasionally found. Stormwater runoff from streets was noted in multiple locations.

Natural Resources Problems Priority Actions and Assets  Center Pond and its  Stormwater runoff from  Investigate possibility of associated wetlands streets creating an access area at Center Pond.  Lawns maintained to water’s edge  Investigate stormwater runoff issues at road crossings.  Lack of official river access  Investigate possible siltation  Siltation problem from issues from Windsor Reservoir Windsor Reservoir

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Section H: Center Pond Dam (Dalton) to West Housatonic St Bridge (Dalton)

Surveyors: Mike Darroch

Distance: 0.8 miles Elevation: 1,124 feet to 1,066 feet Significant Tributaries: Walker Brook (piped underground through town) Access Points: Fishing access below West Housatonic St., River Run Apartments have private access Ecologically Sensitive Areas: none identified

Section Overview

From the dam at Center Pond the river flows south for a short distance before gradually swinging west. Crane and Company, river right, installed a micro-hydro turbine in their mil below the dam in 20010. Depot Street which has many industrial buildings, and the Appalachian Trail which is on Depot Street, are on river left and follow the river in this section near Rt. 8. Day Mountain (1,791 feet) stands about 0.75 miles to the southeast and looms some 700 feet over the river. Past the mills the river turns to the right. At 0.7 miles Walker Brook enters right. Municipal sewer lines goes over the river just upstream from Walker Brook. The river reaches Housatonic Street at 0.8 miles and just upstream of the old Berkshire Mill Dam site (first dedicated dam breach in Massachusetts, 2000).

Section Condition

Downstream of the Center Pond Dam (aka Weston Dam) the river current is quick and the water clear for the length with many stones ~ 12” in diameter in river. Vegetation covers the river bank on the left while on the right bank is a retaining rock wall below the Weston Mill. At the old dam raceway, an approximately 18” diameter pipe was observed which outfalls into the river.

There are many riffles and pools with depths averaging approximately two feet. River banks are steep and vegetated with some erosion along river’s edge. This makes the river very inaccessible. Just upstream from Walker Brook, and near the railroad tracks, large pile of leaves seem to have been dumped between the railroad and the river. Trash and other debris appear to be thrown over bank towards the river. There is industrial debris about 130 yards upstream from the West Housatonic Street Bridge as well as an old bicycle. Invasive species such as oriental bittersweet and Japanese knotweed are scattered throughout. Birds were numerous and varied.

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Section H: Center Pond Dam (Dalton) to West Housatonic St Bridge (Dalton)…continued

Several Department of Environmental Protection monitoring well heads are located between the General Dynamics building and the river on river right. These are present to monitor the effects of an underground fuel tank that leaked and was subsequently remediated.

Natural Resources Problems Priority Actions and Assets  Scenic, white water area  Runoff from paved areas  Remove trash  Pipes near former property  Mitigate runoff of General Dynamics  Investigate pipes  Trash and debris near  Investigate leaf dumping Housatonic Street. (River Run apartments?)  Apparent leaf dumping  Map invasive plants and  Invasive plants develop management plan

Section I: West Housatonic Street Bridge (Dalton) to South Street (Dalton)

Surveyors: Mike Darroch

Distance: 0.9 miles Elevation: 1,066 feet to 1,028 feet Significant Tributaries: none Access Points: Fishing access below West Housatonic St. Ecologically Sensitive Areas: none identified

Section Overview

Immediately downstream of the West Housatonic Street Bridge the south-flowing river turns west and at 0.3 miles the flow slows as the stream enters the narrow impoundment formed by a mill following the contour of the foot of Day Mountain. The river banks are vegetated and the channel has numerous riffles and pools which is followed by a slower more impounded area. Extensive wetlands are on river left. The stream now makes a wide loop as the flood plain widens and reaches South Street at 0.9 miles.

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Section I: West Housatonic Street Bridge (Dalton) to South Street (Dalton)…continued

Section Condition

The Berkshire Mill dam was removed in September of 2000, and has the distinction of being the first dam in Massachusetts to be purposefully removed. Since this dam was removed, the flow along this section is quick flowing. However the river current slows due to the influence of two additional downstream mill dams. A fisherman’s trail leading down to the river is on river left. Scattered trash, especially cans and bottles, is common along the shoreline.

The water quality is likely degraded due to stormwater runoff due to the urban and industrial nature of this section. Several outfalls were observed including a large ( 30” pipe) at a road bridge. Foam and brownish, soap-smelling water was observed downstream of the Crane Mill.

Invasive plants including Japanese knotweed and Phragmites occur at various locations. In addition to the miscellaneous cans and bottles, several old tires were noted near the Pioneer Dam.

Natural Resources Problems Priority Actions and Assets  Cold water habitat  Miscellaneous trash  Investigate water quality improvement following including tires observed impact due to outfalls; dam removal mitigate stormwater runoff  Pipes entering river where possible  Invasive vegetation  Investigate and resolve present source of trash  Foam, soap-smelling water  Conduct river cleanup past Crane & Co

 Map invasive plants and develop management plan  Investigate water quality past Crane Mill

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Section J: South Street (Dalton) to Hubbard Avenue (Pittsfield) Surveyors: Dennis and Chris Regan

Distance: 0.75 miles Elevation: 1,028 feet to 1,017 feet Significant Tributaries: none Access Points: downstream of Hubbard Ave Ecologically Sensitive Areas: none identified

Section Overview

From the South Street Bridge the river flows in a winding course about 0.25 miles to an impoundment created by a mill dam downstream. The stream crosses the Dalton-Pittsfield town line at 0.3 miles before passing between routes 8 and 9 on the right (north) and a waste water treatment plant on the left (south) bank. The stream makes a sharp turn from west to south just north of a grouping of industrial waste ponds, and then reaches Government Mill Dam at 0.75 miles. A USGS flow gage is located on the downstream, river right side of the South Street Bridge.

Section Condition

This 0.75 mile section is marked by thick well-developed buffer areas of trees and shrubs and vines along the river bank. There is a steep bank and busy highway (Routes 8 and 9) on the right side (north), while the left (south) bank is wetland. The Government Mill Dam influences the river for the last 0.5 miles of this section, slowing the flow and creating increased depth and width. Crane and Company waste water treatment plant and unused settling ponds are downstream of the Government Mill. Electrical lines crisscross the river and, in a couple of places, a pipe crosses the river above river level. Several outfall pipes were observed. Scattered, miscellaneous trash along the banks was noted. Despite the urban nature of this section, signs of wildlife including birds and beavers have been seen.

Natural Resources Problems Priority Actions and Assets  Healthy looking wetlands,  Garbage along banks  Conduct a river cleanup abundant wildlife  Runoff from Routes 8 & 9  Investigate impact of runoff  Vegetated river banks and possible solutions  Corrugated pipe (unknown source) located about 0.5  Investigate pipe miles downstream of South Street

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IV. East Branch Section Maps (use with feature data table)

The following are feature descriptions used in the section maps and feature data table

Access Includes locations that can be used to access the river; road bridges, pedestrian trails and car-top boat accesses (both recognized and ones that have seen traditional use). Unless stated as such, HVA does not intend to construe that all of these locations are acceptable canoe/kayak put-in sites

Confluence Marks the location of a tributary entering the Housatonic River

Historic Denotes an identified feature that has historical significance

Impediment Includes any physical structure, man-made or natural, which creates a partial or full blockage of the river channel; manmade dams, beaver dams, fallen trees, and mid-channel bridge abutments

Invasives Includes plants considered invasive in Massachusetts; Japanese knotweed, common reed, purple loosestrife as well as aquatic invasive plant and animal species; zebra mussels and “didymo”

Land Impact Significant land use that may impact the river’s health: For example, gravel pit operations, scrap yard businesses and monitoring wells

Pipe Includes all pipes seen entering the river. Predominantly storm drain outfalls but water extraction pipes are included

Stream Impact Any activity or structure that is likely to be impacting the water quality. This includes structures that are channeling the river, such as riprap and retaining walls; lack of vegetation along the river banks and bank erosion

Trash While miscellaneous small amounts of trash were noted in many locations, this feature is used to indicate a dumpsite or heavily trashed area that requires more immediate attention

Wetland Impact Any impact to a wetland in the riparian buffer

Wildlife Denotes any area that has particular wildlife significance

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V. East Branch Feature Data Table

Section A: Muddy Pond to Bullards Crossing

CODE GPS COORDINATES FEATURE NOTES Unofficial, Muddy Pond; private railroad property. (Begins A01 42.386494 -73.113322 Access Section A) A02 42.383833 -73.109306 Impediment Beaver Dam A03 42.387719 -73.106072 Impediment Beaver Dam A04 42.389381 -73.105425 Impediment Beaver Dam A05 42.393006 -73.104453 Impediment Beaver Dam A06 42.395592 -73.105817 Impediment Beaver Dam Stream Culvert Under Bullard’s Crossing Rd. Partial blockage from A07 42.39698 -73.10804 Impact Beavers. Surveyed 2011 (xy4239698073108040) Unofficial boat access Bullard’s Crossing Rd. Dirt road not A08 42.3971 -73.108011 Access maintained by town, condition poor

Section B: Bullards Crossing to Route 8 Bridge

CODE GPS COORDINATES FEATURE NOTES B01 42.402931 -73.112869 Stream Impact River left: Railroad abuts river resulting in poor vegetative buffer. B02 42.406872 -73.112861 Trash River left: Miscellaneous trash including bottles, cans and other light trash collects along railroad/river bank. B03 42.421372 -73.112953 Impediment Multiple beaver dams along this section. B04 42.413973 -73.113046 Stream Impact River left: Confluence with Cady Brook B05 42.417083 -73.110144 Stream Impact River right: Confluence with Bennett Brook

Section C: Route 8 Bridge to Maple Street Bridge

CODE GPS COORDINATES FEATURE NOTES C01 42.426331 -73.112194 Access Rte 8 bridge, North Washington Road. Emergency access only. (Begins Section C) C02 42.428903 -73.114008 Impediment Beaver dam; This and several additional beaver dams are encountered along this section C03 42.435158 -73.122889 Pipe River left: culvert under railroad tracks - drains wet area C04 42.436472 -73.124261 Stream Impact River left: Gravel dumped in river to support RR tracks C05 42.43764 -73.12418 Access River left: Unofficial boat access located on private property, Ozzie's Restaurant. Request permission C06 42.437892 -73.124589 Invasives River left: Japanese knotweed

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Section D: Maple Street Bridge to Old Dalton Road Bridge

CODE GPS COORDINATES FEATURE NOTES D01 42.438289 -73.124819 Access Maple Street road bridge, possible access D02 42.438367 -73.124909 Pipe 7 additional pipes nearby D03 42.438512 -73.124916 Stream Impact Drainage ditch D04 42.438635 -73.124938 Stream Impact Drainage ditch D05 42.438824 -73.124948 Pipe Pipe D06 42.438973 -73.124886 Impediment Small rock dam D07 42.439255 -73.125132 Pipe 6 additional pipes D08 42.439305 -73.126091 Access Main Street road bridge, possible access D09 42.43948 -73.12691 Stream Impact Partial dam breach has caused stream to scour through decades of silt and trash. D10 42.43953 -73.127812 Stream Impact Partial wooden dam breach, old C.J. Kitteridge & Sons mill D11 42.43954 -73.12774 Trash Remaining frame of dam traps debris. D12 42.439926 -73.1285 Stream Impact Drainage ditch D13 42.440256 -73.128692 Stream Impact River left: Box culvert under RR tracks. May not have been surveyed. D14 42.44099 -73.12867 Invasives Invasive Japanese knotweed on roadside bank D15 42.441228 -73.128903 Stream Impact Old rock wall D16 42.44159 -73.12907 Stream Impact Retaining wall D17 42.441884 -73.129589 Pipe pipe D18 42.442003 -73.129692 Stream Impact Rock Wall D19 42.442001 -73.12975 Stream Impact Rock Wall D20 42.44214 -73.12984 Stream Impact Retaining wall D21 42.442174 -73.129814 Pipe Pipe D22 42.442293 -73.129805 Stream Impact Evidence of sewage near house with red deck D23 42.442383 -73.129836 Stream Impact River left: Box culvert under RR tracks; Surveyed in 2011 (xy4244421773130771) D24 42.442439 -73.129736 Stream Impact Gasoline sheen D25 42.44255 -73.129729 Stream Impact Rock wall supporting RR tracks D26 42.4426 -73.1297 Trash River left: Heavy trash; Verge Road river bank D27 42.442685 -73.129582 Pipe Pipe D28 42.44283 -73.12957 Stream Impact Retaining wall D29 42.443222 -73.129361 Historic Rock wall passageway under Rt. 8. Possibly an old livestock roadway crossing D30 42.443322 -73.129341 Stream Impact Drainage ditch under Route 8 with riprap D31 42.443619 -73.129401 Pipe Pipe D32 42.44374 -73.129321 Access Rte 8 road bridge, possible access D33 42.443948 -73.129208 Historic Rock foundation, from an old mill D34 42.44505 -73.12854 Invasives Japanese knotweed

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Section D: Maple Street Bridge to Old Dalton Road Bridge…continued

CODE GPS COORDINATES FEATURE NOTES D35 42.445078 -73.128522 Stream Impact Retaining wall, a few autos parked D36 42.445313 -73.128282 Trash Junked cars; new and old D37 42.445901 -73.127581 Stream Impact Old dam remains D38 42.44609 -73.127667 Stream Impact Gasoline sheen D39 42.44611 -73.12768 Stream Impact sand and gravel deposit, bank erosion D40 42.446682 -73.128418 Pipe Pipe D41 42.446602 -73.128577 Trash Miscellaneous trash along river banks D42 42.446656 -73.128726 Stream Impact Drainage ditch D43 42.44677 -73.12801 Stream Impact Unnamed stream enters at large pool with retaining wall behind maintenance garage D44 42.446897 -73.129463 Stream Impact Orange muck in river D45 42.447224 -73.130077 Stream Impact Culvert under Route 8 across lawn D46 42.447303 -73.130095 Stream Impact Gasoline sheen D47 42.447466 -73.130419 Pipe Storm drain outfall at Old Dalton Road bridge

Section E: Old Dalton Road Bridge to Route 8 Bridge

CODE GPS COORDINATES FEATURE NOTES E01 42.447559 -73.130385 Access Old Dalton Road bridge, fishermen access E02 42.447602 -73.130546 Pipe River left: 1ft pipe, storm drain outfall E03 42.447549 -73.130407 Access Old Mill Trail trailhead; pedestrian trail access E04 42.447774 -73.130597 Stream Impact Stream Impact E05 42.449337 -73.131118 Access Old Mill Trail Pedestrian bridge, installed 2010 E06 42.449781 -73.130704 Stream Impact River left: Drainage brook from under RR tracks E07 42.450738 -73.129197 Impediment Breached dam from old Renfrew Mill operation E08 42.451645 -73.128426 Historic Old mill foundations from Plunkett Brothers Mill E09 42.456235 -73.129059 Stream Impact Ditch runoff E10 42.457098 -73.12985 Invasives Invasive Japanese knotweed (occurs all along this section) E11 42.457367 -73.130198 Access Rte 8 bridge (trash collects) The Old Mill Trail crosses Rte 8 E12 42.457322 -73.130372 Stream Impact River left: asphalt stormwater runoff E13 42.458463 -73.130871 Stream Impact Electrical lines cross the river. E14 42.457333 -73.129773 Trash Tire E15 42.458494 -73.130906 Stream Impact Drainage E16 42.459861 -73.131855 Stream Impact Stormwater runoff E17 42.461439 -73.133274 Stream Impact Stormwater runoff E18 42.462691 -73.136561 Pipe River right: 2ft cement pipe, probable storm drain outfall E19 42.462841 -73.137486 Impediment River left: 1/3 of river blocked at pylons for old steam pipes; accumulation of natural debris E20 42.464237 -73.138122 Pipe River right: 4ft culvert; storm drain outfall from Rte 8

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Section F: Route 8 Bridge to Orchard Street

CODE GPS COORDINATES FEATURE NOTES

F01 42.468009 -73.142529 Access Rte 8 Road bridge, Dalton, possible access F02 42.46824 -73.14239 Impediment Tree across river blocks channel; trash including bike F03 42.468203 -73.142581 Pipe River left: storm drain outfall (from Rte 8) F04 42.468302 -73.142543 Impediment Foundation from old Mill F05 42.473139 -73.141305 Access River left: Unofficial fisherman's trail, possible access F06 42.473714 -73.141201 Access Old Windsor Road bridge, possible access F07 42.473950° -73.141368 Stream Impact River left: Wahconah Country Club water pipe (water extraction?) F08 42.474933 -73.141145 Stream Impact River left and right; lack of riparian buffer; ( 400ft) F09 42.475496 -73.140727 Access Wahconah Country Club pedestrian bridge F10 42.47621 7313962 Stream Impact River right and left: Bank erosion F11 42.476786 -73.139611 Stream Impact River right; lack of riparian buffer ( 200ft) F12 42.477279 -73.139991 Access Wahconah Country Club pedestrian bridge F13 42.47783 -73.14065 Stream Impact River left: bank erosion River right: Sandbars; gravel embankment where golf course mowed to edge F14 42.477624 -73.142897 Stream Impact River left and right; lack of riparian buffer; ( 150ft) F15 42.47803 -73.142985 Access Wahconah Country Club pedestrian bridge F16 42.47728 -73.14439 Stream Impact River right: Residential property, lawn to edge; recent construction - silt fencing

Section G: Orchard Street to Center Pond Dam

CODE GPS COORDINATES FEATURE NOTES G01 42.477249 -73.144948 Access Orchard Street bridge, possible access G02 42.476928 -73.148151 Stream Impact River left: 5ft eroding banks; grass to edge G03 42.477171 -73.145709 Trash Miscellaneous trash G04 42.477051 -73.146137 Invasives Phragmites australis G05 42.476894 -73.148075 Trash Miscellaneous trash G06 42.47689 -73.14695 Impediment Large log jam (30ft x 15ft) G07 42.4774 -73.14857 Confluence River right: Unnamed tributary confluence G08 42.476998 -73.150344 Stream Impact Fill along river from bank stabilization project G09 42.47689 -73.14941 Impediment Beaver dam - logjam - can barely pass G11 42.47758 -73.15208 Confluence River right: Marshy area with brook confluence. G12 42.477919 -73.152633 Confluence River right: Wahconah Falls Brook confluence G14 42.4779 -73.15262 Stream Impact Road and yard runoff. Plus a waste dump G15 42.476391 -73.154614 Pipe River right: storm drain outfall G16 42.476686 -73.156468 Stream Impact East Branch opens into Center Pond - heavily silted

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Section G: Orchard Street to Center Pond Dam…continued

CODE GPS COORDINATES FEATURE NOTES G17 42.477839 -73.153111 Access American Legion – potential access site G18 42.475577 -73.157153 Stream Impact River right: lack of riparian buffer – residential lawn G19 42.474182 -73.156793 Access Main Street bridge; Fishing and possible access G20 42.473987 -73.157017 Pipe River right: 1.5ft - no effluent or odor.

Section H: Center Pond Dam to West Housatonic Street

CODE GPS COORDINATES FEATURE NOTES H01 42.473787 -73.156581 Impediment Center Pond Dam (aka Weston Dam) H02 42.472788 -73.156886 Trash Miscellaneous trash H03 42.471668 -73.159629 Pipe River right: Pipe H04 42.471555 -73.160156 Land Impact River left: Monitoring wells, General Dynamic operation H05 42.471644 -73.161013 Trash Miscellaneous trash H06 42.47179 -73.161455 Pipe River right: pipe, end of Elm St; possible storm drain outfall. H07 42.471746 -73.161884 Stream impact Electrical lines cross the river H08 42.471905 -73.161925 Access River right: informal trail along river H09 42.471349 -73.163045 Trash Miscellaneous trash H10 42.471473 -73.165807 Impediment Pipe across stream above water level H11 42.47191 -73.166458 Stream impact River right: bank erosion; leaf debris dumped; Walker Brook H12 42.472084 -73.166659 Stream impact River right: leaf debris dumped behind apartment complex H13 42.4716 -73.1679 Trash Miscellaneous trash; bicycles and industrial debris

Section I: West Housatonic Street to South Street

CODE GPS COORDINATES FEATURE NOTES I01 42.470786 -73.168982 Access West Housatonic St road bridge I02 42.469788 -73.170641 Trash Cans and bottles - all along stretch I03 42.470543 -73.169256 Impediment Dam removed 2000; Chute leads to small falls and pool. I05 42.470271 -73.172812 Pipe Pipe I04 42.470303 -73.176087 Impediment Pioneer dam; below dam stream splits around island I06 42.469738 -73.17626 Trash Trash and debris, barrels I07 42.469456 -73.176713 Stream Impact River right: stormwater runoff, minimal riparian buffer I08 42.469292 -73.176894 Pipe Pipe I09 42.468715 -73.179332 Trash Residential garbage I10 42.468438 -73.179549 Impediment Dam I11 42.467881 -73.179901 Pipe Pipe I12 42.467588 -73.181512 Trash River left: Residential garbage

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Section J: South Street to Hubbard Avenue

CODE GPS COORDINATES FEATURE NOTES J01 42.468423 -73.181993 Access South Street road bridge, possible access J02 42.468967 -73.183567 Pipe River right: storm drain outfall J03 42.468487 -73.184599 Stream Impact River right; industrial buildings & parking area (former Bay State Mill). Minimal riparian buffer for  800ft; potential stormwater runoff retaining concrete wall J04 42.469162 -73.185092 Impediment Pipe across river above water level J05 42.469694 -73.185228 Stream Impact River right: Old sluice way J06 42.470354 -73.188427 Impediment Abutments on both sides of river J07 42.470429 -73.188853 Pipe Pipe (confirm size; discharge) J08 42.470183 -73.188924 Stream Impact River left: Confluence with wastewater channel J09 42.470149 -73.189844 Stream Impact Algae looking substance J10 42.470377 -73.19032 Pipe River right: storm drain outfall J11 42.469882 -73.19185 Impediment Pipe across river above water level J12 42.469656 -73.192354 Trash Dump site J13 42.469595 -73.192258 Historic Electrical lines cross the river multiple times J14 42.469174 -73.19227 Stream Impact River left; confluence, algae noted J15 42.469514 -73.195909 Stream impact River right and left, poor riparian buffer; probable stormwater runoff; probable trash J16 42.469528 -73.196578 Access Hubbard Ave road bridge; provides informal access from Taco Bell parking area. USGS Coltsville gage

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VI. East Branch Action Plan A. Short Term/High Priority Projects

1. Investigate car parts on river bank. (Section A)

2. Investigate petroleum odor. (Section C)

3. Investigate Corrugated pipe (unknown source) located about 0.5 miles downstream of South Street. (Section J)

4. Conduct a river cleanup. (Sections C, D, E, G, & J)

5. Discuss with landowners the potential for a riparian buffer program for property owners. (Section C & F)

6. Discuss with Massachusetts Fish and Game Department the algae/sediment concern. (Section A) B. Long-Term/Ongoing Projects

1. Continue to develop appropriate river access: both for paddling, fishing and riverside trails. (Sections A, B & F)

2. Partner with local organizations to increase awareness of invasive species and investigate opportunities for removal and development of an Invasive Species Management Plan. (All Sections)

3. Investigate possibility of roadway runoff management. (Sections B,E & J)

4. Monitor gravel placement in river at railroad tracks. (Section B)

5. Monitor Wahconah Falls Brook for further sediment release from Windsor Reservoir. (Section F)

6. Investigate possibility of developing a riparian vegetative buffer program. (All Sections)

7. Continue on-going water quality monitoring program. (All Sections)

8. Partner with Power Company to improve shade and riparian buffer at electrical line crossing. (Section E)

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VII. Progress Updates Since the 2000 Stream Team Report

(Original report was created in 2000, and a review of project progress report was written in 2004)

The 2000 project and report was made possible by grants from: The Massachusetts Executive Office of Environmental Affairs Patagonia, Inc. Sweet Water Trust William P. Wharton Trust and from membership contributions The original Stream Team Members were: Vivian and Peter Mason , Bill Cawley, Chris Regan, Ed and Mary Jo Barrett, Dick and Margi Roussin, Paul Knauth, Tom O’Brien, Stan Tiska, Debbie White and her 6th Grade class, Shaun Kelly, Allie LeRoy, Jim Manning, John Olander, Margery Turner, Dicken Crane, Bill Bowers, Mike Darroch, Denis Guyer, Sam Smith, Shep Evans, Tom Doyle, Cas Makowski, Nicole Adams, Holly Adams. Sponsors HVA: Dennis Regan, Regional Director, Carolyn Sibner, Water Quality Coordinator, Shep Evans, Project Coordinator, Carrie Swail, Intern. Advisors Mass Riverways Program: Joan Channing Kimball, Adopt-a-Stream Program Coordinator

Project Recommendations (2000) and Progress Updates:

A. Cleanup Task Force

1. Plan a town-wide river cleanup focusing on participation of as many groups and organizations as possible. 2. Plan the cleanup so necessary equipment will be on hand to remove heavy debris. 3. Collect and transport collected debris to proper disposal location with assistance from DPW 4. Publicize the cleanup efforts before, during and after it is done. 5. Explore creating civic awards for actions taken to preserve and protect the river in area towns. Become knowledgeable regarding state river protection laws and discern how they are enforced by each town’s Conservation Commission.

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2014 Update: Several river cleanups have occurred including the white goods collection at Bullards Crossing, the bridge in central Hinsdale, along the parking areas at Jericho Woods, and upstream of the Old Berkshire Mill Dam. The cleanup projects were accomplished in partnership with local municipalities and community groups. Problem areas, such as the disposal of white goods at Bullards Crossing, have been eliminated. Overall, less garbage is being thrown into the East Branch and river cleanups are needed more infrequently. Where the river is close to Route 8 trash accumulates and needs more frequent attention.

B. Erosion and Runoff

1. Identify, categorize, and prioritize the sites affected by erosion. Note cause where possible and remedial actions. 2. Begin dialogue with property owners, agri-business, and other businesses such as golf courses, concerning implementation of Best Management Practices.

2014 Update: A Vegetative Buffer Education Program was initiated in 2003 that informs and instructs the public as to the benefits of installing and maintaining riparian buffer zones. The program needs to be resurrected in a format that can be a sustainable program. Two vegetative buffer areas were planted one just upstream of the Old Dalton Road Bridge and the other south of the bridge. Unfortunately the one upstream was damaged in a severe flood just after planting and many of the plants were removed vandals. The plantings downstream of the bridge at the Old Mill Trail trailhead are mostly thriving.

C. Dams

1. Actively participate as a partner with and support the efforts of Crane & Company with the removal of the Berkshire Mill Dam and other dams as they are identified.

2014 Update: Crane & Company’s Berkshire Dam was removed in 2001. HVA assisted in this effort. Working with Massachusetts Riverways (MA DER), HVA inventoried and conducted an initial investigation on a series of dams on the East Branch that may be a candidate for removal. The old C.J. Kittredge & Sons Mill dam in downtown Hinsdale blew out in 2008. A recommendation by the selectman was made to repair the dam. HVA and several local residents persuaded the town to leave the dam breached.

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D. Access & Greenways

1. Identify locations and opportunities to improve public river access. 2. Pursue the possibility of developing a greenway in cooperation with Crane & Company along the river near the Hinsdale and Dalton town lines.

2014 Update: We’ve identified several potential locations for river access, two are located on MA Fish and Wildlife property and are being presently used. Another potential site is located in downtown Hinsdale on privately owned. This site can be used with landowner permission. HVA constructed The Old Mill Trail, a 1.5 mile public riverside trail that connects the communities of Dalton and Hinsdale from Old Dalton Road in Hinsdale downstream to near the Old Stone Condominium.

E. Education

1. Raise the public's awareness of the river and its importance to the area’s quality of life through programs and events. 2. Support and participate in annual student conferences. 3. Develop a storm drain stenciling program for schools.

2014 Update: We have been an active partner in various student events such as the annual STEM Fair at Berkshire Community College and the annual Berkshire Environmental Education Conference, as well as other events that highlight student participation.

HVA developed a Storm Drain Awareness program in 2001 that utilizes a power point presentation, an interactive watershed model, and storm drain decals for attaching to roadside storm drains. ‘Teaching Bins” which contain all of the materials and information needed to teach these lessons are available for teachers to borrow at no charge. HVA has presented various watershed programs in the local schools for several years.

F. Water Quality Monitoring

1. Design a water quality monitoring program with input from field experts. 2. Monitor pipes to determine which ones are actively discharging, and what are the sources. Consider using a GPS to determine the locations. 3. Compile maps of the storm drains, with the help of town maps if they exist. 4. Investigate town maintenance practices regarding catch basins. Encourage Best Management Practices (BMPs) per stormwater policy. 5. Review fertilizer and herbicide practices at the golf courses along the stream.

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6. Investigate sedimentation sources upstream from Center Pond and develop response alternatives.

2014 Update: From 2001 to 2007, HVA operated a volunteer chemical water quality monitoring program with an approved Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP). Eventually, 30 river sites were included in this monitoring program. Unfortunately, due to a lack of funding, the project ended. HVA collected valuable river data, including 5 sites where raw sewage was flowing out of storm drains directly into the river. These sites were reported to the appropriate municipality. All sites were remediated. We specifically monitored for any impact from the Wahconah Country Club to the river. Due to the comprehensive integrated pest and fertilizer management program implemented by the golf course managers, little impact was observed.

In 2013 and 2014, HVA operated a volunteer biological water quality monitoring program with an approved QAPP. With much volunteer assistance, HVA monitored 17 sites in both tributaries and on the main stem.

In partnership with the Berkshire Regional Planning Commission (BRPC), HVA assessed the impact of storm drains into the East Branch and Center Pond. Recommendations for remediation Best Management Practices were distributed to the municipality.

HVA expects to complete the work of mapping storm drain outfall locations. VIII. Appendix A: Data Collection Survey Form

The following multi-page Shoreline Survey form is the guideline for the stream team members recorded their river observations. These notations, along with locations identified on the field reference maps and photographs taken by stream team members, for the permanent record of each shoreline survey and are on file at the Berkshire office of the Housatonic Valley Association. The majority of the shoreline survey data has been converted into a data layer by HVA staff and is available upon request.