W O R L D H E a L

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

W O R L D H E a L WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION MONDIALE ORGANIZATION DE LA SANTÉ TWELFTH WORLT HEALTH ASSEMBLY A12/AFI/12 y 29 April 1959 Provisional agenda item 7.15-1 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH STATUS OF RATIFICATION OF THE CONVENTION ON THE PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES OF THE SPECIALIZED AGENCIES Report by the Director-General 1. Twenty-eight Member States out of the Organization's total membership of eighty-five have acceded, to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies and its Annex VII since its adoption by the First World Health Assembly in Juljr 19^8. The acceding States and relevant dates are shown in the annex to this document. 2. As so far only a relatively small number of States have acceded to the i Convention, despite earlier invitations of the Health Assembly to States to take due action, the Director-General is obliged to make special arrangements to cover the legal status of the Organization and its privileges and immunities wherever there is a programme to be carried out in the territories of governments which have not acceded to this Convention. In order to avoid the difficulties which have been encountered by the Organization in connexion with the legal status and the privileges and immunities afforded to the Organization and its officials, it would be desirable that those Member States not yet party to the Convention and its Annex VII, accede thereto. A12/AFL/12 page 2 АЖЕХ ACCESSIONS AND NOTIFICATIONS Convention Annex VII Country Accession First Revision Second Revision Third Revision Afghanistan Albania Argentina Australia Austria 21 July I950 21 January 1955 1 November 1957 28 October 1958 Belgium 1 May 195З (with reservations) Bolivia Brazil Bulgaria Burma Byelorussian SSR Cambodia 26 September 1955 Canada Ceylon Chile 21 September 1951 China Costa Rica Cuba Czechoslovakia Denmark 25 January 1950 22 May 1951 14 October 1957 8 January 1959 Dominican Republic Ecuador 7 July 195З El Salvador Ethiopia Finland 31 July 1958 31 July 1958 2 December 1958 France'*' The Government of France concluded a Host Agreement with WHO determining the privileges, immunities and facilities to be granted to WHO for its Regional Office for Africa (Brazzaville) only. This Agreement entered into force on 20 May 1953’ A12/AEI/12 page 3 Annex Convention Annex VII Country Accession First Revision Second Revision Third Revision Germany (Federal 10 October 1957 10 October 1957 5 September 1958 11 February 1959 Republic of) (Also applicable to land Berlin) Ghana 9 September 1958 9 September 1958 Greece Guatemala JO June 1951 30 June 1951 Haiti 16 April 1952 16 April 1952 Honduras Hungary Iceland India 10 February 19^9 3 June 1955 3 July 195$ Indonesia Iran Iraq 9 July 1954 9 July 1954 Ireland Israel Italy 29 April 1952 (with reservations) Japan J ordan, 12 December 1950 Hashemite Kingdom of the Korea Laos Lebanon Liberia Libya 30 April 1958 30 April 1958 Luxembourg 20 September 1950 20 September 1950 Malaya, Federation of Mexico Monaco А12/АБТ/12 page 4 Convention Annex VII Country Accession First Revision Second Revision Third Revision Morocco 10 June 1958 Nepal 23 February 1954 23 February 1954 Netherlands 2 December 1948 15 February 1951 New Zealand Nicaragua 6 April 1959 6 April 1959 Norway 2 5 January 1 9 5 0 14 September 195011 September 1957 Pakistan Panama Paraguay Peru Philippines 2 0 March I95O 12 March 1 9 5 9 Poland Portugal Romania Saudi Arabia Spain Sudan Sweden 12 September 1 9 5 1 12 September 22 August 1957 1951 Switzerland^- Thailand Tunisia 3 December 1957 3 3eaember 1957 19 May 1958 Turkey Ukrainian SSR Union of South Africa Union of Soviet Socialist Republics tftlited Arab Republic Province of Egypt 28 September 1954 28 September 3 February 1958 ________________ 1 1954 In Switzerland privileges and immunities are conferred ©n WHO by the Agreemwcte between the Swiss Federal Council and WHO and the Arrangement for its execution. The Agreement and the Arrangement entered into force on 17 July 1948. A12/AFL/12 page 5 Annex Convention Annex VII Country Accession First Revision Second Revision Third Revision Province of Syria United Kingdom of 16 August 1 9^9 22 September 1955 3 0 September 1957 Great Britain and Northern Ireland United Spates of America Uruguay Venezuela Viet Nam Yemen Yugoslavia 23 November 1951 23 November 1951 16 March 1959 The United States of America have enacted the International Organizations Immunities Act (Public Law 291 - 7 9 t h Congress) of 29 December 19^5• On 3 0 December 19^8, by Executive Order No. 10025, the President of the United States designated WHO as entitled to enjoy the privileges, exemptions and immunities conferred by the above-mentioned Act..
Recommended publications
  • Security Council United Nations
    UNITED NATIONS Distr. SECURITY GENEFl\.l n/5168 COUNCIL ].9 :Jeptember 1962 ORIGINAL: ENGLI8H Sm.:MARY ST.t·lTE~Er;T BY T!Ll!: SECEETtIRY-CEIiEPi,l, en t,WITERS OF vJHICH TEE SECCRITY. CCD~CIL IS SEIZED i,r~D on THE STAGE FEACHED IN T'I:iEIH CGKSIDEF/,TICN Pursuant to rule 11 of the provisional rules of procedure of the ;JecLlrity Council) the Gecretary-Generalwishes to submit the folJ.mving statement on n:atters of "rid"':!l tlle Security Council is seized. and on the stace reached in their consideration on 15 September 1962. t\t the l019th n:eeting held in pri.vat'e; on 13 September, tIle Security Council considerccl its draft report to the General Assembly covering tIle period from 16 July 1961 to 15 July 1962) and apprnvecl it unnnirr.ouGly. 1. 'ILK> Iranian question (see S/lf098) 2. Sped.a]. agreerr.ents Lmder "rticle 113 and tile on~an1:::ution of tile arrr.ed forces to be made available to tlle Security COLmcil (see 3/4098) 3. Hules of procedure of the Security ('(",uncil (see 3/11098) 4. Dtatute and rules of procedure of tllC l'li.litury st:J.rr eommittee (see 8/4098) 5. Tlle (;eneral regulation and reduction vi' armo.n:ents and inforrr.utiOll on the al1necl forces of the Unitecl Nations (see ~3/1fG98) 6. l\lJPointment of Cl. governor foX' tile Free Territory of Trieste (see i.l j1.fC')8) '7. Tiw Egyptiun question (see 3/L1.(98) 8. T;IC Indonesian question (see ~) /4(98) 9.
    [Show full text]
  • Multilateral Agreement on Commercial Rights of Non-Scheduled Air Services in Europe Signed at Paris on 30 April 1956
    MULTILATERAL AGREEMENT ON COMMERCIAL RIGHTS OF NON-SCHEDULED AIR SERVICES IN EUROPE SIGNED AT PARIS ON 30 APRIL 1956 Entry into force: In accordance with Article 6(1), the Agreement entered into force on 21 August 1957. Status: 24 parties. State Date of signature Date of deposit of Effective date Instrument of Ratification or Adherence Austria 30 October 1956 21 May 1957 21 August 1957 Belgium 30 April 1956 22 April 1960 22 July 1960 Croatia 2 July 1999 2 October 1999 Denmark 21 November 1956 12 September 1957 12 December 1957 Estonia 4 April 2001 4 July 2001 Finland 14 October 1957 6 November 1957 6 February 1958 France 30 April 1956 5 June 1957 5 September 1957 Germany 29 May 1956 11 September 1959 11 December 1959 Hungary 16 November 1993 14 February 1994 Iceland 8 November 1956 25 September 1961 25 December 1961 Ireland 29 May 1956 2 August 1961 2 November 1961 Italy 23 January 1957 Luxembourg 30 April 1956 23 December 1963 23 March 1964 Monaco 19 January 2017 19 April 2017 Netherlands (1) 12 July 1956 20 January 1958 20 April 1958 Norway 8 November 1956 5 August 1957 5 November 1957 Portugal (2) 7 May 1957 17 October 1958 17 January 1959 Republic of Moldova 23 December 1998 23 March 1999 San Marino 17 May 2016 17 August 2016 Serbia 21 March 2017 21 June 2017 Spain 8 November 1956 30 May 1957 30 August 1957 Sweden 23 January 1957 13 August 1957 13 November 1957 Switzerland 30 April 1956 2 April 1957 21 August 1957 Turkey 8 November 1956 4 November 1958 4 February 1959 United Kingdom (3) 11 January 1960 11 April 1960 The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia deposited its instrument of adherence on 23 August 2002 and became a party to the Agreement on 23 November 2002.
    [Show full text]
  • Security Council Is Seized and on the Stage Reached in Their Consideration
    UNITED NATIONS Distr. SECURITY GENERAL s/4696 COUNCIL 13 February 1961 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH SUMMARY STATEMENT BY THE SECRETARY -GE1lERAL ON MA'ITERS OF WHICH THE SECURITY COUNCIL IS SEIZED AND ON THE STAGE REACHED IN THEIR CONSIDERATION Pursuant to rule 11 of the provisional rules of procedure of the Security Council, the 8ecretary-General wishes to submit the folloWing statement on matters of wllich the 8ecurity Council is seized and on the stage reached in their consideration on 11 February 1961. 1. The Iranian question (see 8/4098) 2. 8pecial agreements under Article 43 and the organization of the arITed forces made available to the 8ecurity Council (see 8/4098) 3. Rules of procedure of the Security Council (see (s/4098) 4. 8tatute and rules of pro·~.. edul'e of the Military 8taff Committee (see 8/4098) 5. The general regulation and reduction of armaments and information on the armed forces of the United Nations (see 8/4098) 6. Appointment of a governor for the Free Territory of Trieste (see 8/4098) 7. The Egyptian question (see 8/4098) 8. The Indonesian question (see 8/4098) 9. Voting procedure in the 8ecurity Council (see 8/4098) 10. Reports on the strategic Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands pursuant to the resolution of the 8ecurity Council of 7 March 1949 (see 8/4098) 11. Applications for membership (see 8/4098, 8/4220, 8/4528, 8/4546, 8/4550 and 8/4572 ) 12. The Palestine question (see 8/4098 and 8/4220) 13. The India-Pakistan question (see 8/4098) 14. The Czechoslovak question (see 8/4098) 15.
    [Show full text]
  • 17 March 1948 Brussels Treaty (UK, France, Benelux Mutual Defense Agreement); Es- Tablishes Western European Union 9 May 1950 Fr
    17 March 1948 Brussels Treaty (UK, France, Benelux mutual defense agreement); es- tablishes Western European Union 9 May 1950 French Foreign Minister Robert Schuman proposes West European com- mon market in coal and steel. 18 April 1951 Paris Treaty establishes European Coal and Steel Community, effective for 50 years from 25 Jul 1952 (France, West Germany, Italy, Benelux) 7 May 1952 European Defense Community treaty signed in Paris. 10 September 1952 Luxembourg Resolution: Foreign Ministers of the Six ask members of the ECSC Common Assembly to draw up a draft European Political Community Treaty by 10 March 1953. 10 March 1953 Draft EPC Treaty adopted by ad hoc Assembly in Strasbourg. 19 March 1953 Bundestag ratifies EDC Treaty. 30 August 1954 French Assembly rejects EDC Treaty. Treaties 1-3 June 1955 Messina conference of foreign ministers; Messina resolution establishes Intergovernmental Committee under direction of Paul-Henri Spaak to prepare framework for broader economic integration. 3 February 1956 Benelux Treaty of Economic Union signed, the Hague (Note: the date 3 February 1958 is widely cited, but the Benelux web site indicates 3 February 1956; http://www.benelux.be/fr/bnl/bnl_frame.htm) 25 March 1957 Treaties of Rome (EEC, Euratom) signed; EC6, same membership as ECSC 20 November 1959 European Free Trade Association Treaty signed in Stockholm, with effect from 1 January 1960 (Austria, Denmark, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, UK) 1 8 April 1965 Treaty of Brussels,(theMerger Treaty) merges European Commu- nities, with effect from 1 July 1967; Committee of Permanent Represen- tatives. 17 & 28 February, 1986 Single European Act adopted, at Luxembourg summit, with effect from 1 July 1987: promote internal market, basis for European Political Cooperation 7 February 1992 Treaty on European Union (Maastricht Treaty) signed, with effect from 2 November 1993.
    [Show full text]
  • Water-Level Measurements and Maps Southern High Plains, Texas 1958
    TEXAS BOARD OF WATER ENGINEERS Durwood Hanford, Chairman R. M. Dixon, Member O. F. Dent, Member Larry S. C,mpbell Parks and Wildi;:c Dept. 4002 North Chadl:lourne St. San Angelo. Texas BUlLETIN 5908 WATER-lEVEL MEASUREMENTS AND MAPS SQl1l'HERN HIGH PLAINS, TEXAS 1958 AND 1959 Compiled by F. A. Rayner, Geological Engineer Texas Board of Water Engineers Prepared in cooperation with the Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior June 1959 • , { TABLE OF CONTEli'rS Page Introductlon----------------------------------------------------------- 1 Water-Level Measurement Tables and Maps Showing Changes in Water Level.s Page Numbers Table Map Armstrong County----------------------------------------------- 2 3 Bailey County-------------------------------------------------- 4 5 Briscoe County------------------------------------------------- 6 7 Carson County-------------------------------------------------- 8 9 Castro County-------------------------------------------------- 10 11 Cochran County------------------------------------------------- 12 13 Crosby County-------------------------------------------------- 14 15 Da~6on County-------------------------------------------------- 16 17 Deaf Smith County---------------------------------------------- 18 19 Donley County-------------------------------------------------- 20 21 Floyd County--------------------------------------------------- 22 23 Gaines County-------------------------------------------------- 24 25 Gray County---------------------------------------------------- 26 27
    [Show full text]
  • February One
    February One Documentary Film Study Guide By Rebecca Cerese & Diane Wright Available online at www.newsreel.org Film Synopsis Greensboro, North Carolina, was a fairly typical Southern city in the middle of the 20th Century. The city was certainly segregated, but city officials prided themselves on handling race relations with more civility than many other Southern cities. Ezell Blair, Jr. (who later changed his name to Jibreel Khazan) was the son of an early member of the NAACP, who introduced him to the idea of activism at an early age. Ezell attended segregated Dudley High School, where he befriended Franklin McCain. Franklin, raised in the more racially open city of Washington, DC, was angered by the segregation he encountered in Greensboro. Ezell and Franklin became fast friends with David Richmond, the most popular student at Dudley High. In 1958, Ezell and David heard Martin Luther King, Jr., speak at Bennett College in Greensboro. At the same time, the rapid spread of television was bringing images of oppression and conflict from around the world into their living rooms. Ezell was inspired by the non-violent movement for independence led by Mahatma Gandhi and chilled by the brutal murder of Emmett Till. In the fall of 1959, Ezell, Franklin, and David enrolled in Greensboro’s all-black college, North Carolina A&T State University. Ezell’s roommate was Joseph McNeil, an idealistic young man from New York City. Ezell, Franklin, David, and Joseph became a close-knit group and got together for nightly bull sessions in their dorm rooms. During this time they began to consider challenging the institution of segregation.
    [Show full text]
  • The Weather and Circulation of February 1959
    FEBRUARY1959 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW THE WEATHER AND CIRCULATION OF FEBRUARY 1959 J. F. O'CONNOR Extended Forecast Section. U.S. Weather Bureau, Washington. D.C. 1. HIGHLIGHTS 2. CONTRASTWITH PREVIOUS MONTHS February 1959 was amonth of markedvariability February 1959 contrasted sharply with its predecessor, in weather across the United States, asmanifested partly *January, as well as with February of 1958. In the east- by weekly alternations of above and below normal tern- ern half of the country, except New England, a genera1 peratures and of record maximum and minimum tempera- warming, relative to normal, occurred from the cold that tures (for the date) atsome stations in the East (table1). 11ad prevailed duringJanuary, and marked cooling in This month was feat,ured by the highest daily sea level theWest ended the extreme warmththat had existed pressures (up to 1053 mb.) on record at some stations in therein January. Fewextremes of temperature de- the upperMississippi Valley at, the beginning of the veloped, however. month. It was also highlighted by adisastrous storm This month \\-as also a welcome contrast in the eastern on the 9th and 10t,h, accompanied by tornadoes, one of Ihited States,, particularly in Florida, to February of which took the lives of 21 persons in St. Louis, &Io., early the preceding year, which had been the coldest February on the morning of the loth, with hundreds injured and on record in the southeastern quarter of the country [e]. millions of dollars in property damage. In addition to *is might be expected, the axis of maximum westerly tornadoes, this storm included a wide variety of severe winds at 700 nib.
    [Show full text]
  • Special Assistant Series, Subject Subseries
    WHITE HOUSE OFFICE, OFFICE OF THE SPECIAL ASSISTANT FOR NATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS: Records, 1952-61 Special Assistant Series, Subject Subseries [NOTE: The last box of this subseries contains approximately 400 pages which were received by the Library as part of the National Security Council Staff Records in August 1981 (see accession 82-18). It was apparent that they had been stored with the NSC records by mistake and that they were actually records of the Special Assistant for National Security Affairs, so they were accessioned separately and placed at the end of this subseries. Having been received unarranged in two manila envelopes, they were placed in folders with titles devised by a staff archivist.] CONTAINER LIST Box No. Contents 1 Agriculture, Department of [November 1953 - July 1958] (1)(2) [barter proposals] AEC (Atomic Energy Commission) - Development of High Yield Thermonuclear Weapon [1952-1957] (1)(2) Atomic Energy Commission - General (1) [January-May 1953] [expenditure of nuclear weapons; transfer of atomic weapons from the AEC to the DOD; atomic testing; radiological defense] Atomic Energy Commission - General (2) [June-October 1953] [Soviet atomic tests; operation CANDOR; nuclear powered aircraft] Atomic Energy Commission - General (3) [January-September 1954] [operation TEAPOT; aircraft nuclear propulsion program] Atomic Energy Commission - General (4) [1955] [safety tests of nuclear weapons; Soviet atomic testing] Atomic Energy Commission - General (5) [July 1956] [AEC report re “Major Activities in the Atomic Energy
    [Show full text]
  • Country Term # of Terms Total Years on the Council Presidencies # Of
    Country Term # of Total Presidencies # of terms years on Presidencies the Council Elected Members Algeria 3 6 4 2004 - 2005 December 2004 1 1988 - 1989 May 1988, August 1989 2 1968 - 1969 July 1968 1 Angola 2 4 2 2015 – 2016 March 2016 1 2003 - 2004 November 2003 1 Argentina 9 18 15 2013 - 2014 August 2013, October 2014 2 2005 - 2006 January 2005, March 2006 2 1999 - 2000 February 2000 1 1994 - 1995 January 1995 1 1987 - 1988 March 1987, June 1988 2 1971 - 1972 March 1971, July 1972 2 1966 - 1967 January 1967 1 1959 - 1960 May 1959, April 1960 2 1948 - 1949 November 1948, November 1949 2 Australia 5 10 10 2013 - 2014 September 2013, November 2014 2 1985 - 1986 November 1985 1 1973 - 1974 October 1973, December 1974 2 1956 - 1957 June 1956, June 1957 2 1946 - 1947 February 1946, January 1947, December 1947 3 Austria 3 6 4 2009 - 2010 November 2009 1 1991 - 1992 March 1991, May 1992 2 1973 - 1974 November 1973 1 Azerbaijan 1 2 2 2012 - 2013 May 2012, October 2013 2 Bahrain 1 2 1 1998 - 1999 December 1998 1 Bangladesh 2 4 3 2000 - 2001 March 2000, June 2001 2 Country Term # of Total Presidencies # of terms years on Presidencies the Council 1979 - 1980 October 1979 1 Belarus1 1 2 1 1974 - 1975 January 1975 1 Belgium 6 11 11 2019 - 2020 0 2007 - 2008 June 2007, August 2008 2 1991 - 1992 April 1991, June 1992 2 1971 - 1972 April 1971, August 1972 2 1955 - 1956 July 1955, July 1956 2 1947 - 1948 February 1947, January 1948, December 1948 3 Benin 2 4 3 2004 - 2005 February 2005 1 1976 - 1977 March 1976, May 1977 2 Bolivia 3 6 7 2017 - 2018 June
    [Show full text]
  • Council 13 July 1960 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
    UNITED NATIONS Distr. SECURITY GENERAL s/4379 COUNCil 13 July 1960 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH SUMMARY STATEMENT BY THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON MATrERS OF WHICH THE SECURITY COUNCIL IS SEIZED A!\lJ) ON THE STAGE REACIIF.D IN THEIR CONSIDERATION Pursuant to rQle 11 of the provisional rules of procedure of the Security Council, the Secretary-General wishes to submit the folloWing statement on matters of which the Security Council is seized and on the stage reached in their consideration on 9 July 1960. 1. The Iranian question (see s/4098) 2. Special agreements under Article 43 and the organization of the armed forces made available to the Security Council (see s/4098 ) 3. Rules of procedure of the Sect~ity Council (see s/4098 ) 4. Statute and rules of procedure of the Military Staff Committee (see s/4098 ) 5. 'Ihe general regulation and reduction of armaments and information on the armed forces of the United Nations (see s/4098) 6. Appointment of a governor for the Free Territory of Trieste (see S/4098) 7. The Egyptian question (see s/4098 ) 8. The Indonesian question (see s/4098) 9. Voting procedure in the Security Council (see S/4098 ) 10. Reports on the strategic Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands pursuant to the resolution of the Security Council of 7 March 1949 (see s/4098 ) 11. Application for membership (see s/4098, S/4220, S/4252, s/4332 and s/4372) In a cable dated 1 July 1960 (s/4360) the Provisional President of the Republic of Somalia submitted the application of the Repuo1ic of Somalia for admission to membership in the United Nations.
    [Show full text]
  • EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS, OFFICE OF: Printed Material, 1953-61
    DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER LIBRARY ABILENE, KANSAS EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS, OFFICE OF: Printed Material, 1953-61 Accession A75-26 Processed by: TB Date Completed: December 1991 This collection was received from the Office of Emergency Preparedness, via the National Archives, in March 1975. No restrictions were placed on the material. Linear feet of shelf space occupied: 5.2 Approximate number of pages: 10,400 Approximate number of items: 6,000 SCOPE AND CONTENT NOTE This collection consists of printed material that was collected for reference purposes by the staff of the Office of Defense Mobilization (ODM) and the Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization (OCDM). The material was inherited by the Office of Emergency Preparedness (OEP), a successor agency to ODM and OCDM. After the OEP was abolished in 1973 the material was turned over to the National Archives and was then sent to the Eisenhower Library. The printed material consists mostly of press releases and public reports that were issued by the White House during the Eisenhower administration. These items are arranged in chronological order by date of release. Additional sets of the press releases are in the Kevin McCann records and in the records of the White House Office, Office of the Press Secretary. Copies of the reports are also in the White House Central Files. The collection also contained several books, periodicals and Congressional committee prints. These items have been transferred to the Eisenhower Library book collection. CONTAINER LIST Box No. Contents 1 Items Transferred
    [Show full text]
  • Famine, Fertility, and Fortune in China☆
    China Economic Review 22 (2011) 244–259 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect China Economic Review Famine, fertility, and fortune in china☆ Xinzheng SHI ⁎ Economics Department, School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China article info abstract Article history: In this paper, I investigate the long term effects of China's Great Famine in 1959–1961 on Received 25 August 2010 cohorts affected by the famine in the first year of life. Using China's 2000 population census Received in revised form 20 December 2010 data and after controlling for positive fertility selections in the famine, I find that women Accepted 3 February 2011 exposed to the famine in the first year of life had a lower probability of completing high school Available online 25 February 2011 and lived in less wealthy households. I do not find any significant effects of the famine on men. In addition, I find that if positive fertility selections are not controlled for, the negative effects fi JEL classi cation: become weaker. I21 © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. J13 J22 O12 O15 Q54 Keywords: Famine Long term effects Fertility selections Education Wealth China 1. Introduction There were numerous famines during the twentieth century.11 The largest of these was China's 1959–1961 famine which resulted in about 30 million excess deaths.22 Previous research has focused on estimating excess mortality; however, there were undoubtedly important effects on the livings as well.33 In particular, children born during the famine may have suffered from malnutrition in the initial years of life, resulting in adverse long term health effects and then influencing economic and social attainments as adults.
    [Show full text]