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Priceless-Or-Worthless.Pdf Priceless or Worthless? 2 Priceless or Worthless Erythrina schliebenii © Cosmas Mligo “This book does not merely tell us which species are most endangered, it shows us how we can save them. It challenges us to commit to safeguarding our priceless natural heritage for future generations” His Royal Highness The Duke of Cambridge Priceless or Worthless 3 Cover image of a juvenile Eleutherodactylus thorectes © Robin Moore Disclaimer: The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Zoological Society of London, IUCN or the compilers concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the Zoological Society of London, IUCN or other participating organizations. Published by: Zoological Society of London, Regent’s Park, London NW1 4RY Copyright: © Zoological Society of London and contributors 2012. All rights reserved. The use and reproduction of any part of this publication is prohibited without prior consent of the copyright owner. Hardback ISBN: 978-0-900881-65-7 Paperback ISBN: 978-0-900881-66-4 Online ISBN: 978-0-900881-67-1 Baillie, J.E.M. & Butcher, E. R. (2012) Priceless or Worthless? The world’s most threatened species. Zoological Society of London, United Kingdom. Design: Kevin Hawkes www.22creative.co.uk Print: witherbysonline.co.uk 4 Priceless or Worthless Priceless or Worthless? The world’s most threatened species by Jonathan E M Baillie and Ellen R Butcher Nominations provided and text reviewed by members of the IUCN Species Survival Comission Specialist Groups and Red List Authorities Priceless or Worthless 5 Acknowledgements We give gracious thanks to the Sustainable Use Specialist Group Terrestrial and Freshwater Invertebrate Red South American Camelid Specialist Group global network of scientists who Wildlife Health Specialist Group List Authority Tapir Specialist Group comprise the IUCN Species Survival Fish Mammals Wild Pig Specialist Group Commission Specialist Groups IUCN/WI Freshwater Fish Specialist African Elephant Specialist Group Wolf Specialist Group Group African Rhino Specialist Group Plants Groupers and Wrasses Specialist Group Afrotheria Specialist Group Arabian Plant Specialist Group Amphibians and Reptiles Hawkfishes and Sandperches Red Anteater, Sloth and Armadillo Arctic Plant Specialist Group Amphibian Specialist Group List Authority Specialist Group Bryophyte Specialist Group Crocodile Specialist Group Salmonid Specialist Group Antelope Specialist Group Cactus and Succulent Specialist Group Iguana Specialist Group The GMSA Team Asian Elephant Specialist Group Carnivorous Plant Specialist Group Marine Turtle Specialist Group Sciaenid Red List Authority Asian Rhino Specialist Group Caucasus Plant Red List Authority North American Reptile Red List Authority Seabreams, Snapper and Grunts Red Asian Wild Cattle Specialist Group Chinese Plant Specialist Group Sea Snake Specialist Group List Authority Australian Marsupial and Conifer Specialist Group Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Shark Specialist Group Monotreme Specialist Group Crop Wild Relative Specialist Group Group Sturgeon Specialist Group Bat Specialist Group Cuban Plant Specialist Group Birds Sygnathiformes and Gasterosteiformes Red Bear Specialist Group Cycad Specialist Group Bird Red List Authority List Authority Bison Specialist Group Eastern African Plant Red List Authority Cormorant Specialist Group Tuna and Billfish Specialist Group Canid Specialist Group Freshwater Plant Specialist Group Crane Specialist Group Coral and Reef Fishes Specialist Group Caprinae Specialist Group Galapagos Plant Specialist Group Diver/ Loon Specialist Group Fungi Cats Specialist Group Global Trees Specialist Group Duck Specialist Group Cetacean Specialist Group Hawaiian Plant Specialist Group Chytrid, Zygomycete, Downy Mildew and Indian Subcontinent Plant Specialist Group Flamingo Specialist Group Slime Mould Specialist Group Deer Specialist Group Galliforme Specialist Group Equid Specialist Group Korean Plant Specialist Group Cup-fungus, Truffle and Ally Specialist Group Macronesian Island Plant Specialist Group Goose Specialist Group Lichen Specialist Group Hippo Specialist Group Grebe Specialist Group Hyaena Specialist Group Madagascar Plant Specialist Group Mushroom, Bracket and Puffball Specialist Mascarenes Plant Specialist Group Heron Specialist Group Group Lagomorph Specialist Group Pelican Specialist Group New World Marsupial Specialist Group Medicinal Plant Specialist Group Rust and Smut Specialist Group Mediterranean Island Plant Specialist Group Stork, Ibis and Spoonbill Specialist Group Invertebrates Non-volant Small Mammal Red Swan Specialist Group List Authority Orchid Specialist Group Coral Specialist Group Threatened Waterfowl Specialist Group Otter Specialist Group Palm Specialist Group Dragonfly Specialist Group Woodcock and Snipe Specialist Group Peccary Specialist Group Seagrass Red List Authority Freshwater Crab and Crayfish Disciplinary Groups Pinniped Specialist Group Southern African Plant Specialist Group Specialist Group Polar Bear Specialist Group Temperate South American Plant Conservation Breeding Specialist Group Grasshopper Specialist Group Specialist Group Invasive Species Specialist Group Primate Specialist Group Marine Invertebrate Red List Authority Sirenian Specialist Group Large Carnivore Initaitve for Europe Mollusc Specialist Group Re-introduction Specialist Group Small Carnivore Specialist Group 6 Priceless or Worthless We would also like to give particular David Minter Mary Seddon Sandy Luk thanks to the following individuals Dominique Burgauer Matthew Grainger Sanjay Molur Donald McFarlane Matti Hämälainen Sara Oldfield and organisations who generously Douglas Gibbs Mervyn Lotter Scott Black gave their time and expertise to Elizabeth Boakes Micheal Neutens Sir David Attenborough review sections of, and to provide Frank Glaw Michael Fay Stefan Wiswedel suggestions for, this book: Frank Hawkins Mike Maunder Stewart McPherson Franz Seidenschwarz Neil Burgess Stuart Butchart Adam Kerezsy Fred Katterman Neil Cumberlidge Tandora Grant Adam Matthews Galen Rathbun Nicholas Kinyau Tim Bauer Adam Sweidan Georgina Mace Nicholas Dulvy Tim Flach Alan Whitfield Giuseppe Notarbartolo di Sciara Nigel Collar Tim Gerrodette Alastair Robinson Gordon Reid Nigel Maxted Tomas Hallingbäck Aljos Farjon Héctor Hernández Macias Onildo Marini-Filho Usama Ghazali Allanah Weston Henk Beentje Paul Cowley Vimoksalehi Lukoschek Anders Rhodin Ilse Storch Paul Donald Vincent Florens Annabelle Cuttelod Isaac Malugu Paul Racey Vincent Kalkman Anthony Rylands Itambo Malombe Paul Williams Viola Clausnitzer Arlo Brady James Burton Paul Wilkin Will Duckworth Ather Rafi James Collins Peter Cranswick Willem-Joost de Gier Axel Hochkirch James Kalema Peter Garson William Baker B.A. Daniel James Kushlan Peter Ng Kee Lin William Perrin Barbara Taylor Jessica Sweidan Peter Paul van Dijk William Robichaud Barney Long James Thornton Peter Rand Yvonne Sadovy Battal Ciplak James Wren Peter Thomas Baz Hughes Jean-Christophe Vié Philippe Chardonnet Special thanks to Client Earth for Ben Collen John Donaldson Quentin Luke John Dransfield Raj Amin their assistance in formulating this Bert Orr concept and for providing valuable Bibhab Kumar Talukdar John Himes Ralph Armond Bush Heritage Australia John G Robinson Randall Reeves contributions to the book. Byron Wilson Jonathan Eames Reagan Villanueva Charles Clarke Jonathan Ogweno Rebecca Lee Additional thanks to all those who Chavalit Vidthayanon Jörg Freyhof Rich Storton provided the images featured Christian Randrianantoandro Jörn Köhler Richard Jenkins throughout this publication. Christine Rose-Smyth Justin Gerlach Richard Lansdown Karen B Strier Richard Young Christoph Schwitzer Finally, sincere thanks to Rachel Claude Gascon Katalin Csatadi Robert Cantley Kingsley Dixon Robbin Thorp Roberts and Emma Edwards for Colin Maycock providing feedback on the text, and to Craig Hilton-Taylor Laura Owens Robin Moore Craig Turner Lina Eugenia Daza Rojas Rodrigo Medellin Simon Stuart and Mike Hoffman for Darren Yeo Chong Jinn Lize von Staden Ron Kopas assisting with the selection of the top David Burslem Lorenzo Rojas-Bracho Royal Forest and Bird Protection Society 100 species. David Gill Luana Lucena Roy Gereau David Harries Luigi Boitani Rudy Pothin Please accept our apologies for any Marie Bruegmann Russell Mittermeier David Long accidental omissions. David Mallon Mariella Superina Samuel Turvey Priceless or Worthless 7 “Conservation began with a focus on species, especially those in danger of extinction, and a major species focus needs to continue as a central element in all efforts to ensure the long-term viability of our living planet” Dr Russell A Mittermeier President, Conservation International Ardeotis nigriceps © Rahul Sachdev 8 Priceless or Worthless Contents Foreword 10 Chapter 1 - The value of extinction 14 Chapter 2 - Species at a tipping point - the 100 most threatened species in the world 24 Chapter 3 - Past extinctions 88 Chapter 4 - Pulled back from the brink 100 Chapter 5 - Final word 114 Glossary 118 Bibliography 120 Ardeotis nigriceps © Rahul Sachdev Priceless or Worthless 9 Foreword Written by: Dr Simon Stuart, Chair of the IUCN Species Survival Commission The IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) is a
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