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Perpustakaan.Uns.Ac.Id Digilib.Uns.Ac.Id perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id PEMBERIAN KOMBINASI 2,4-D DAN KINETIN TERHADAP INDUKSI KALUS DAN PROTOCORM LIKE BODIES (PLB)ANGGREK Grammatophyllum scriptum SECARA IN VITRO Skripsi Untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan guna mencapai derajat Sarjana Sains Jurusan Biologi Oleh : ATIKA OKTA MELISA NIM. M0407026 JURUSAN BIOLOGI FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET SURAKARTA 2011 commit to user i perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id commit to user ii perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id commit to user iii perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id PERNYATAAN Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa skripsi ini adalah hasil penelitian saya sendiri dan tidak terdapat karya yang pernah diajukan untuk memperoleh gelar kesarjanaan di suatu perguruan tinggi, serta tidak terdapat karya atau pendapat yang pernah ditulis atau diterbitkan oleh orang lain, kecuali secara tertulis diacu dalam naskah ini dan disebutkan dalam daftar pustaka. Apabila dikemudian hari dapat ditemukan adanya unsur penjiplakan maka gelar kesarjanaan yang telah diperoleh dapat ditinjau dan /atau dicabut. Surakarta, November 2011 Atika Okta Melisa NIM. M0407026 commit to user iv perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id PEMBERIAN KOMBINASI 2,4-D DAN KINETIN TERHADAP INDUKSI KALUS DAN PROTOCORM LIKE BODIES (PLB) ANGGREK Grammatophyllum scriptum SECARA IN VITRO ATIKA OKTA MELISA Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta. ABSTRAK Grammathopyllum scriptum merupakan salah satu anggrek yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis tinggi. Anggrek ini memiliki penyebaran di wilayah Papua dan Sulawesi. G.scriptum merupakan jenis anggrek yang sulit dikembangbiakan secara alami, sehingga dibutuhkan teknik kultur jaringan untuk membantu pelestariannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh pemberian kombinasi hormon 2,4-D dan kinetin terhadap induksi kalus dan protocorm like bodies (plb) anggrek Grammathopyllum scriptum secara in vitro. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan satu faktor perlakuan yaitu kombinasi 2,4-D (2mg/L, 4 mg/L, 6 mg/L, 8 mg/L dan 10 mg/L) dan kinetin (1 mg/L dan 2 mg/L) serta kontrol (MS0) dengan 3 ulangan. Data yang diambil berupa data kualitatif dengan mengamati morfologi protocorm like bodies (plb), tunas dan kalus serta data kuantitatif dengan menghitung prosentase plb, tunas dan kalus. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 42,5% eksplan membentuk plb, 3,04% membentuk tunas dan 45,46% membentuk kalus. Kalus yang terbentuk kompak. Kalus mulai terbentuk pada kombinasi zat pengatur tumbuh dengan konsentrasi 6 mg/L 2,4-D dan 2 mg/L kinetin hingga konsentrasi 10 mg/L 2,4-D dan 2 mg/L kinetin. Plb terbentuk pada konsentrasi 2 mg/L 2,4-D dan 1 mg/L kinetin hingga konsentrasi 6 mg/L 2,4-D dan 1 mg/L kinetin. Pada media perlakuan 4 mg/L 2,4-D dan 2 mg/L kinetin terbentuk tunas. Kata kunci : Grammathopyllum scriptum, 2,4-D, kinetin, protocorm like bodies, kalus commit to user v perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id THE EFFECT OF COMBINATION 2,4-D AND KINETIN FOR INDUCTION OF CALLUS AND PROTOCORM LIKE BODIES (PLB) TO Grammatophyllum scriptum IN VITRO ATIKA OKTA MELISA Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. ABSTRACT Grammathopyllum scriptum is one of orchid which has a high economic value. This orchid has spread in of Papua and Sulawesi territory. G.scriptum is a kind of orchid which is difficult to bred naturally, so tissue culture techniques are needed to help its preservation. The aims of this research are to study the adduction of the combination of 2,4-D and kinetin to the callus induction and protocorm like bodies (plb) of Grammathopyllum scriptum (Lindl.) BI. explants in vitro. The method used is completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, the concentration of growth hormone treatment of 2,4-D (2 mg/L, 4 mg/L, 6 mg/L, 8 mg/L and 10 mg/L), kinetin (1 mg/L and 2 mg/L) and controls (MS0) with 3 replications. This research uses a qualitative data by observing the morphology of plb, shoots and callus as well as quantitative data by calculating the percentage of plb, shoots and callus. The results of this study showed that 42.5% explants forming PLB, 3.04% and 45.46% forming buds forming callus. The callus was formed at the same time. Callus began to form in combination with a growth hormone concentration of 6 mg/L 2,4-D and 2 mg/L kinetin up to a concentration of 10 mg/L 2,4-D and 2 mg/L kinetin. PLB was formed at a concentration of 2 mg/L 2,4-D and 1 mg/L kinetin concentrations up to 6 mg/L 2,4-D and 1 mg/L kinetin. In the media treatment of 4 mg/L 2,4-D and 2 mg/L kinetin formed buds. Key words: Grammathopyllum scriptum, 2,4-D, Kinetin, protocorm like bodies, callus commit to user vi perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id MOTTO “Tersenyumlah dan terus bersyukur atas apa yang diberikan Allah kepada kita” “Semangat adalah kata sederhana dengan makna yang luar biasa” “Man jadda wa jadda” commit to user vii perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN Aku persembahkan skripsi ini untuk keluargaku tercinta yang telah memberi motivasi kepadaku selama ini. commit to user viii perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id KATA PENGANTAR Assalamu’alaikkum Wr. Wb. Tak ada yang utama dari yang pertama selain rasa syukur kepada Allah SWT, Tuhan semesta alam yang selalu melimpahkan nikmat dan karunia-Nya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini dengan judul “Pemberian Kombinasi 2,4-D dan Kinetin terhadap Eksplan Anggrek Grammathopyllum scriptum secara in Vitro”. Skripsi ini disusun untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat guna memperoleh gelar kesarjanaan pada Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Jurusan Biologi Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta. Persiapan, perencanaan, dan pelaksanaan hingga terselesaikannya penyusunan skripsi ini tidak terlepas dari peran dan bantuan berbagai pihak baik secara moril maupun materiil. Oleh karena itu dengan kerendahan hati dan ketulusan yang mendalam penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada : 1. Dr. Agung Budiharjo, M.Si. selaku Ketua Jurusan Biologi Fakultas MIPA Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta. 2. Widya Mudyantini, M.Si. selaku pembimbing I yang telah meluangkan waktu, tenaga, dan pikiran dalam memberikan bimbingan, pengarahan dan masukan yang berarti dalam penyusunan skripsi ini. 3. Dra. Endang Anggarwulan, M.Si. selaku pembimbing II yang telah memberikan bimbingan dan masukan dalam penyusunan skripsi ini. commit to user ix perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id 4. Ari Pitoyo, M.Si. dan Dr. Sugiyarto, M.Si. selaku penguji yang telah memberikan masukan demi kesempurnaan skripsi ini. 5. Keluargaku Bapak, Ibu, Kakakku (Tiko), Adik-adikku (Afa dan Afi), Mbah Kakung dan Mbah Uti dan Om Beny yang senantiasa selalu mendoakan, memberi dorongan dan bimbingan kepada penulis. 6. Aldino Suprima, S.E. yang dengan sabar memberi motivasi dan masukan serta mendoakan dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini 7. Sahabat-sahabatku seperjuangan Bio ’07, Dea, Gina, Aci, Hanum (Momi), Alfin, Nafis, Umu, Kholis (Popi), Betha, Iis, Fitri, Evi I, Oci, Octa, Memey, Celin serta seluruh teman-teman Bio ’07 tanpa terkecuali yang telah memberikan dukungan serta banyak kenangan selama penulis berada di Biologi MIPA UNS. 8. Staf Laboratorium Pusat MIPA dan staff laboratorium Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS yang telah memberikan bantuan selama pelaksanaan penelitian. Demikian skripsi ini penulis susun dan tentunya masih banyak kekurangan yang perlu dibenahi. Semoga karya ini dapat bermafaat bagi seluruh pihak yang membaca dan terkait dengan skripsi ini. Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb Surakarta, Desember 2011 Atika Okta Melisa M0407026 commit to user x perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL ............................................................................................. i HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN ............................................................................ ii HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ............................................................................. iii HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ............................................................................. iv ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................... v ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................... ..vi HALAMAN MOTTO ......................................................................................... vii HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ....................................................................... viii KATA PENGANTAR ......................................................................................... ix DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ xi DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................. xiv DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... xv DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ...................................................................................... xvi BAB I. PENDAHULUAN .................................................................................... 1 A. Latar Belakang Masalah ........................................................................... 1 B. Rumusan Masalah .................................................................................... 3 C. Tujuan Penelitian .....................................................................................
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