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Language and Conflict in English Literature from Gaskell to Tressell
ARTICULATING CLASS: LANGUAGE AND CONFLICT IN ENGLISH LITERATURE FROM GASKELL TO TRESSELL Timothy John James University of Cape Town Thesis presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of English UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN JANUARY 1992 The copyright of this thesis vests in the author. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgement of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes only. Published by the University of Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. University of Cape Town ABSTRACT ARTICULATING CLASS: LANGUAGE AND CONFLICT IN ENGLISH LITERATURE, FROM GASKELL TO TRESSELL Concentrating on English literary texts written between the 1830s and 1914 and which have the working class as their central focus, the thesis examines various ways in which class conflict inheres within the textual language, particularly as far as the representation of working-class speech is concerned. The study is made largely within V. N. Voloshinov's understanding of language. Chapter 1 examines the social role of "standard English" (including accent) and its relationship to forms of English stigmatised as inadequate, and argues that the phoneticisation of working-class speech in novels like those of William Pett Ridge is to indicate its inadequacy within a situation where use of the "standard language" is regarded as a mark of all kinds of superiority, and where the language of narrative prose has, essentially, the "accent" of "standard English". The periodisation of the thesis is discussed: the "industrial reformist" novels of the Chartist years and the "slum literature" of the 1880s and '90s were bourgeois responses to working-class struggle. -
British Imperial Policy and the Indian Air Route, 1918-1932
British Imperial Policy and the Indian Air Route, 1918-1932 CROMPTON, Teresa Available from Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive (SHURA) at: http://shura.shu.ac.uk/24737/ This document is the author deposited version. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it. Published version CROMPTON, Teresa (2014). British Imperial Policy and the Indian Air Route, 1918- 1932. Doctoral, Sheffield Hallam Universiy. Copyright and re-use policy See http://shura.shu.ac.uk/information.html Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive http://shura.shu.ac.uk British Imperial Policy and the Indian Air Route, 1918-1932 Teresa Crompton A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Sheffield Hallam University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy January 2014 Abstract The thesis examines the development of the civil air route between Britain and India from 1918 to 1932. Although an Indian route had been pioneered before the First World War, after it ended, fourteen years would pass before the route was established on a permanent basis. The research provides an explanation for the late start and subsequent slow development of the India route. The overall finding is that progress was held back by a combination of interconnected factors operating in both Britain and the Persian Gulf region. These included economic, political, administrative, diplomatic, technological, and cultural factors. The arguments are developed through a methodology that focuses upon two key theoretical concepts which relate, firstly, to interwar civil aviation as part of a dimension of empire, and secondly, to the history of aviation as a new technology. -
Conference About Succession
A CONFERENCE ABOUT THE NEXT SUCCESSION 1 ________________________________________________________________________ SUMMARY: The document below is a modern-spelling edition of A Conference about the Next Succession to the Crown of England. The frame story of A Conference is a fictitious conference in Amsterdam in the spring of 1593, fully described in the Preface to Part I. In that fictitious frame story, the principal speakers are two lawyers, the one an expert in the civil law of England, the other an expert in the common law. This frame story in itself makes it clear that the author himself had a legal background. The civil lawyer puts forward his arguments in Part I (or rather, the author of A Conference puts forward his arguments through the mouth of the fictitious civil lawyer). In Part II, it is the turn of the fictitious expert in the common law. The title page promises that ‘a new & perfect arbour or genealogy of the descents of all the Kings and Princes of England from the Conquest unto this day’ can be found at the end of the tract whereby the claims of all the current pretenders to the English crown will be made plain. This ‘arbour’ or genealogy may have been based on the work of Francis Peto (see below, and TNA SP 70/137, ff. 319-21). Unfortunately this promise is not fulfilled. The ‘arbour or genealogy’ does not appear, suggesting that the author of A Conference did not play a role in the book’s publication. A Conference is a well organized and well thought out presentation. -
Tales of Daring and Danger
Tales of Daring and Danger George Alfred Henty Project Gutenberg's Tales of Daring and Danger, by George Alfred Henty This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net Title: Tales of Daring and Danger Author: George Alfred Henty Illustrator: George Alfred Henty Release Date: October 26, 2005 [EBook #7870] Language: English Character set encoding: ASCII *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TALES OF DARING AND DANGER *** Produced by Jason Isbell, Stacy Brown Thellend and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net Merged with an earlier text produced by Juliet Sutherland, Thomas Hutchinson and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team [Illustration] TALES OF DARING AND DANGER. [Illustration] [Illustration: SIGHTING THE WRECK OF THE STEAMER.] Livros Grátis http://www.livrosgratis.com.br Milhares de livros grátis para download. TALES OF DARING AND DANGER. BY G.A. HENTY, Author of "Yarns on the Beach;" "Sturdy and Strong;" "Facing Death;" "By Sheer Pluck;" "With Clive in India;" &c. _ILLUSTRATED._ [Illustration] LONDON: BLACKIE & SON, 49 & 50 OLD BAILEY, E.C. GLASGOW, EDINBURGH, AND DUBLIN. 1890. CONTENTS. Page BEARS AND DACOITS, 7 THE PATERNOSTERS, 37 A PIPE OF MYSTERY, 71 WHITE-FACED DICK, 99 A BRUSH WITH THE CHINESE, 119 [Illustration] BEARS AND DACOITS. A TALE OF THE GHAUTS. CHAPTER I. A merry party were sitting in the verandah of one of the largest and handsomest bungalows of Poonah. -
Overdue, by Harry Collingwood
Harry Collingwood "Overdue" | Chapter 1 | | Chapter 2 | | Chapter 3 | | Chapter 4 | | Chapter 5 | | Chapter 6 | | Chapter 7 | | Chapter 8 | | Chapter 9 | | Chapter 10 | | Chapter 11 | | Chapter 12 | | Chapter 13 | | Chapter 14 | | Chapter 15 | | Chapter 16 | | Chapter 17 | | Chapter 18 | | Chapter 19 | | Chapter 20 | Chapter One. The “Mercury” appears. This is a yarn of the days when the clipper sailing-ship was at the zenith of her glory and renown; when she was the recognised medium for the transport of passengers—ay, and, very frequently, of mails between Great Britain and the Colonies; and when steamers were, comparatively speaking, rare objects on the high seas. True, a few of the great steamship lines, such as the Cunard and the Peninsular and Oriental, were already in existence; but their fleets were only just beginning to compete, and with but a very limited measure of success, against the superb specimens of marine architecture owned by the Black Ball and other famous lines of sailing clippers. For the Suez Canal had not yet been dug, and—apart from the overland journeys to India—travellers bound to the East were compelled to go south-about round the Cape of Good Hope, whether they journeyed by steamer or by sailing-ship; and it was no very uncommon thing for the latter to beat the former on the passage to India, China, or Australia. Moreover, the marine steam engine was, at that period, a very expensive piece of machinery to operate, developing only a very moderate amount of power upon an exceedingly heavy consumption of coal; hence it was only the nabobs who could afford to indulge in the then costly luxury of ocean travel by steam. -
The Pirate Slaver, by Harry Collingwood
Harry Collingwood "The Pirate Slaver" | Chapter 1 | | Chapter 2 | | Chapter 3 | | Chapter 4 | | Chapter 5 | | Chapter 6 | | Chapter 7 | | Chapter 8 | | Chapter 9 | | Chapter 10 | | Chapter 11 | | Chapter 12 | | Chapter 13 | | Chapter 14 | | Chapter 15 | | Chapter 16 | | Chapter 17 | | Chapter 18 | | Chapter 19 | | Chapter 20 | Chapter One. The Congo River. “Land ho! broad on the port bow!” The cry arose from the look-out on the forecastle of her Britannic Majesty’s 18-gun brig Barracouta, on a certain morning near the middle of the month of November, 1840; the vessel then being situated in about latitude 6 degrees 5 minutes south and about 120 east longitude. She was heading to the eastward, close-hauled on the port tack, under every rag that her crew could spread to the light and almost imperceptible draught of warm, damp air that came creeping out from the northward. So light was the breeze that it scarcely wrinkled the glassy smoothness of the long undulations upon which the brig rocked and swayed heavily while her lofty trucks described wide arcs across the paling sky overhead, from which the stars were vanishing one after another before the advance of the pallid dawn. And at every lee roll her canvas flapped with a rattle as of a volley of musketry to the masts, sending down a smart shower from the dew-saturated cloths upon the deck, to fill again with the report of a nine-pounder and a great slatting of sheets and blocks as the ship recovered herself and rolled to windward. The brig was just two months out from England, from whence she had been dispatched to the West African coast to form a portion of the slave- squadron and to relieve the old Garnet, which, from her phenomenal lack of speed, had proved utterly unsuitable for the service of chasing and capturing the nimble slavers who, despite all our precautions, were still pursuing their cruel and nefarious vocation with unparalleled audacity and success. -
* * 'L.Iteran? 1Rotes
LITERARY NOTES "directed silence "-all this was so welcome at Edinburgh that it is desired again. It bears directly upon the prospect of spiritual results. * * * * * . Next month we propose to consider certain matters which emerged at Edinburgh concerning Educational Missions, and also to discuss the difference in the Home Appeal for Missions between old paths and old ruts. G. 'l.iteran? 1Rotes. ESSRS. BLACKIE AND SONS have sent us a number of their M well printed, beautifully bound and interestingly written books for young people. "The Red Knight," by G. I. Whitham (price 2s. 6d.), is a £tory of the days of Edward III. and the Black Prince, full of exciting interest and mysterious happenings. "A New England Maid," by Eliza F. Pollard (price 3s. 6d.), is the story of a Puritan maid in the days of the War -0f Independence. Her brother is the Governor of Philadelphia, but Hannah is the real heroine of the story, and her bravery saves her brother. Miss Pollard retains the interest of her readers to the end. "A Middy of the Slave Squadron," by Harry Collingwood (price 3s. 6d. ), is a thrilling story of the slave trade. Dick the Middy, after many exciting adventures, falls -into the hands of the slave traders, but soon escapes, and his escape leads to the capture of the slavers. The story will appeal to old and young alike. ·" Two Dover Boys," by Gertrude Hollis (price 2s. 6d.), is the story of two boys who fell into the hands of Corsairs, passed through many adventures, .and finally escaped. -
Offer Regional School Remedy
Wertlier V; • Bain ending during the day; fa the Red Baak putt* let* J ^** high In the 5fa. Cloudy to- nlgbt; tow in the 40s. Partly after 6 p. ro- Wednesday*.awl ' J«-, - cloudy tomorrow; Ugh In the Friday*, Bed Bank'*'two ibop. 50s. See page 2. ping nights. An Independent Newspaper Under Same Ownership 4^ Since 1878 Y C A R R PAGE 0NE VOLUME 82, NO. 164 Inued Dally. Mandiy through Friday, entered as Second Class Mailer RED BANK, N. J., THURSDAY, MARCH 31, 1960 7c PER COPY ' 3fo p E R WEE K at the Post Otl!c« at Red Bank. N. J.. under the Act ol March 3. 1810. Four Year Estimate Offer Regional On Matawan School To Avoid Triple Sessions, Using School Remedy Auditorium, Cafeteria: Dolan May Prevent AF Plane MATAWAN - "It will be at least four years before Matawan Separation has additional school'facilities," It's Official: stated Harold J. Dolan, presi- Ditched, dent of the Board of Education, In Matawan in a progress report to the Cit- School Head izens Council for Better Schools FREEHOLD — "This so- at a meeting Tuesday night. To Resign lution appears almost too 3 Perish Mr. Dolan said that at a con- good to be true." ference which the board had with FREEHOLD — Dr. Robert B. PATRICK AIR FORCE BASE. the Borough Council, Township Norn's announced at a press con- That was the comment Fla. (AP)—An Air Force tanker Committee, the architects, and ference yesterday afternoon that last night by Matawan with trouble in two of its four consultant Dr. -
Econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Smith, Stefan Halikowski Working Paper International seaborne piracy and the state: Lessons to be learned from history? TranState Working Papers, No. 172 Provided in Cooperation with: University of Bremen, Collaborative Research Center 597: Transformations of the State Suggested Citation: Smith, Stefan Halikowski (2013) : International seaborne piracy and the state: Lessons to be learned from history?, TranState Working Papers, No. 172, Universität Bremen, Collaborative Research Center 597 - Transformations of the State, Bremen This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/77943 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu INTERNATIONAL SEABORNE PIRACY AND THE STATE: LESSONS TO BE LEARNED FROM HISTORY? STEFAN HALIKOWSKI SMITH NO. -
Life Under the Jolly Roger: Reflections on Golden Age Piracy
praise for life under the jolly roger In the golden age of piracy thousands plied the seas in egalitarian and com- munal alternatives to the piratical age of gold. The last gasps of the hundreds who were hanged and the blood-curdling cries of the thousands traded as slaves inflated the speculative financial bubbles of empire putting an end to these Robin Hood’s of the deep seas. In addition to history Gabriel Kuhn’s radical piratology brings philosophy, ethnography, and cultural studies to the stark question of the time: which were the criminals—bankers and brokers or sailors and slaves? By so doing he supplies us with another case where the history isn’t dead, it’s not even past! Onwards to health-care by eye-patch, peg-leg, and hook! Peter Linebaugh, author of The London Hanged, co-author of The Many-Headed Hydra This vital book provides a crucial and hardheaded look at the history and mythology of pirates, neither the demonization of pirates as bloodthirsty thieves, nor their romanticization as radical communitarians, but rather a radical revisioning of who they were, and most importantly, what their stories mean for radical movements today. Derrick Jensen, author of A Language Older Than Words and Endgame Stripping the veneers of reactionary denigration and revolutionary romanti- cism alike from the realities of “golden age” piracy, Gabriel Kuhn reveals the sociopolitical potentials bound up in the pirates’ legacy better than anyone who has dealt with the topic to date. Life Under the Jolly Roger is important reading for anyone already fascinated by the phenomena of pirates and piracy. -
Economy of Transport in Mughal India
ECONOMY OF TRANSPORT IN MUGHAL INDIA ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF Bottor of ^t)tla£foplip ><HISTORY S^r-A^. fi NAZER AZIZ ANJUM % 'i A ^'^ -'mtm''- kWgj i. '* y '' «* Under the Supervision of PROFESSOR SHIREEN MOOSVI CENTRE OF ADVANCED STUDY DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY 4LIGARH (INDIA) 2010 ABSTRACT ]n Mughal India land revenue (which was about 50% of total produce) was mainly realised in cash and this resulted in giving rise to induced trade in agricultural produce. The urban population of Mughal India was over 15% of the total population - much higher than the urban population in 1881(i.e.9.3%). The Mughal ruling class were largely town-based. At the same time foreign trade was on its rise. Certain towns were emerging as a centre of specialised manufactures. These centres needed raw materials from far and near places. For example, Ahmadabad in Gujarat a well known centre for manufacturing brocade, received silk Irom Bengal. Saltpeter was brought from Patna and indigo from Biana and adjoining regions and textiles from Agra, Lucknow, Banaras, Gazipur to the Gujarat ports for export. This meant development of long distance trade as well. The brisk trade depended on the conditions and techniques of transport. A study of the economy of transport in Mughal India is therefore an important aspect of Mughal economy. Some work in the field has already been done on different aspects of system of transport in Mughal India. This thesis attempts a single study bringing all the various aspects of economy of transport together. -
Arthur Morrison, the 'Jago', and the Realist
ARTHUR MORRISON, THE ‘JAGO’, AND THE REALIST REPRESENTATION OF PLACE Submitted in Fulfillment for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy UCL Department of English Language and Literature Eliza Cubitt 2015 ABSTRACT In vitriolic exchanges with the critic H.D. Traill, Arthur Morrison (1863-1945) argued that the term ‘realist’ was impossible to define and must be innately subjective. Traill asserted that Morrison’s A Child of the Jago (1896) was a failure of realism, conjuring a place that ‘never did and never could exist.’ And yet, by 1900, the East End slum fictionalised in Morrison’s novel had been supplanted by the realist mythology of his account: ‘Jago’ had become, and remains, an accepted term to describe the real historical slum, the Nichol. This thesis examines Morrison’s contribution to the late-Victorian realist representation of the urban place. It responds to recent renewed interest about realism in literary studies, and to revived debates surrounding marginal writers of urban literature. Opening with a biographical study, I investigate Morrison’s fraught but intimate lifelong relationship with the East End. Morrison’s unadorned prose represents the late-Victorian East End as a site of absolute ordinariness rather than absolute poverty. Eschewing the views of outsiders, Morrison re- placed the East End. Since the formation of The Arthur Morrison Society in 2007, Morrison has increasingly been the subject of critical examination. Studies have so frequently focused on evaluating the reality behind Morrison’s fiction that his significance to late-nineteenth century “New Realism” and the debates surrounding it has been overlooked. This thesis redresses this gap, and states that Morrison’s work signifies an artistic and temporal boundary of realism.