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Origanum Syriacum L 2013 ( 9) ( 35 ) _ Tishreen University Journal for Research and Scientific Studies - Biological Sciences Series Vol. (35) No. (9) 2013 ! " # $ % $ 3 ­ 5 !6 Origanum syriacum L. *7"! 89 : # ** < %% : # ( ( 2013 / 12 / 15 AB " CD . 2013 / /2 5 = > ? ) ­GF , Origanum syriacum L. (Lamiaceae) ¯ =, >9 ? @1 A 1 9B @AC 9 8 7: ;1 0< 2 7 0345 06. -. 01 2 / -. / -. E 8 ,F 0<2 0345 0 9 -. -D1 9 E, : =4 :C 0 A1 0 0M 01? 0 D 0B A 1 L1 K 9B ACK I 4J GH 0 9B ­D AC B. 7 =E 8 / N ( 10 P5P2) 03 N / 0M 0 / N 99 9 0< 23 9 9 N 7 -1? 9Y,N ­3/ / N ( 30 P 25 ) V NV 09: . AN ;DB 0A5A 9< N 20 ? 2 N 0 DE Origanum syriacum L. ? < N 7 GH @4Y K 9 .0B A 1 L ;2 @1 0 =9B . Origanum syriacum L. 7 7A 1 =9B 0 DE 7 0B A 1 : % # * . – DIL – – # J " : D J I 9 . – DIL – – # J " : D J I 9 ** 9 9 7[ 0B A 1 ­D Z ? Origanum syriacum L. 0 N 9B 0 DE 2013 ( 9) ( 35 ) _ Tishreen University Journal for Research and Scientific Studies - Biological Sciences Series Vol. (35) No. (9) 2013 Antibacterial Activity of Origanum Syriacum L. Essential Oil against Some Pathogenic Bacteria Dr. Asmahan Zinab * Dr. Afifa Issa ** (Received 5 / 2 / 2013. Accepted 15 / 12 /2013 ) ABSTRACT In the present study, essential oil taken from the leaves of Origanum syriacum L. (Lamiaceae) growing in Al-Basset mountain forests was obtained by a steam distillation method. The antibacterial activities of the essential oil were also tested on 11 pathogenic bacteria using the Agar well diffusion method. The results showed that the oil has antibacterial activities on all isolated pathogenic Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria at low concentrations: (2-5-10) µl/well. These activities were better than some antibiotics that are used as control at high concentrations (25-30) µg/disc. The results also showed that the inhibition zones greatly increased with the increase of oil concentration three folds or more from 2 to 20 µl/well. Given these results, it is possible to say that the essential oil taken from the leaves of Origanum syriacum L. has high antibacterial activities against broad spectrum of pathogenic bacteria. Keywords: Origanum syriacum L., essential oil, pathogenic bacteria, antibacterial activity *Associate Professor, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria ** Associate Professor, department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria 10 10 Tishreen University Journal. Bio. Sciences Series 2013 ( )9 99D ( 35 ) 91 01 D , 0D1 01 :M 7 (Toncer et al ., 2010) 2 ­ ­ 0 <2 01 L3 -. Origanum 1 , 7: -M [ ,N 4:b8 7=99D ­ / 0 -. Origanum a 9: 7 0 -. ;D 7dOriganum a c: . D2 : B: ? ;B 702 -. 2 ­ -. 79 -. N M N < E ¯2 c :F -< Z 4:b 8 D ;E: 72, 7 h NN D 0E: Z -. -D, [2 -. 9: . (Kizil et al ., 2008) 0N? Tepe et al . (2004) i j3 7 (Toncer et al ., 2010) E2 9B ; L23 7L,< =9B 0H 4M -. 0D2 06. 9 N Origanum syriacum L. a 5: 9: . (Gulmez et al ., 2005) 0 6 E 04/ A 1 J 9: K 0n J N [ 7J NJ 3 9 Y 6 -. 70JN 9 N 0H 4M -. 70E: 02 1 -. 9: i 7=99D ­ / . (Derwich et al ., 2010) 0F9 -. 7=2D 9 N 01 70 0 E 70H 4M 0H 9 1 -. =: 9 <D -. 0 J 02 9: N I . (Suppakul et al ., 2003; upadhyay et al ., 2010) =99D 02 J H : ? 0 =9B = 9N 9B 7 , =9 7 2E =9B 7A 1 =9B ­H : 01: =2 . (Dorman and Deans, 2000; Bouhdid et al ., 2008, Hussain 2009) 2 (Rice 2006; Appelbaum 0 9 B c5D 0 < 0B 0 A1 F5 , F K 6 7j5. @3 [) [ 2 N 0D2 =991 9 K 0 DE 9 i ? A 9 7 2007) 0 : 02 A9 K . (Ibtissam et al ., 2009; Marinho et al ., 2009) 0 A 1 ( 2011 :9 - 0 DE 9 02 3<D H 9 9D J N 7 - - c -. 0J 0N 02D 0 9 ­D L -. :9 - 0HN N 99V c K : 9 JE 9: 0 9 B -. ; F 9: - 70D2 0 DE H1 K KF1 02 G (. 2000 7-5 ) 0J (Hussain 2009; Husein D Z 6D -. ­ 01 D -D, [ 2 -. 0 = -. (Abu Lafi et al. , 2008) Majorana syriaca >: L1 -. 8 . 2010) : : A%"O P$ ! " NO 2 j 701 -B 0, 9 -. D 7=D 8 9D 8 0<D N P3 1 J 2 7= 9 0 B 0B ¯ 7 C =2M 0E 0H3 ¯ 7 50 – 30 09 ,N, 0 B 02 Spikes 0 -. L1 0EAN Y 7 0EAN C 0 ¯ K / 4:C J 1 N, 0 5 : ; b CN .L Y99 N, 0 2 0 B 0Y N =Y ­ ; C 7 [ N, 0 5 : ; b =Y G 70 N, . (Mouterde 1983; Davis 1982) , C 7LB Y . Y 0 -. 1( ) N, B 11 11 7[ 0B A 1 ­D Z ? Origanum syriacum L. 0 N 9B 0 DE ! " Q$ ( 1) C# ? 9 - : R %"O Magnoliophyta M 0D, Magnoliopsida M ; Asteridae 1 ; Lamiales 0 Lamiaceae 0 . Origanum 1 O. syriacum a : : PB S9 S9 N -. Origanum syriacum L. 0 D. 0 9 -. i 0Y N 0 D. 9 N < -. 4J 0 A 0D2 05<F 9 =9EF ;9J 70B A 1 ­D : ? i ;9J 7 0 0 A1 ­ 01 D -. 0 9B 09 K . Origanum syriacum L. P 1 . -D1 9 E, : 0B 0B 0 A1 FD ­D P 2 0B A 1 ­D Z ? Origanum syriacum L. 0. AC 0 9 P 3 . 0 D :T ¯V W : : Origanum syriacum L. ! " " X J, 5: 0345 06. 0D 2 -. 01 0<2 Origanum syriacum D18 (Mouterde 1983; Davis 0< 0E 9 L1 K 9 JE 7 2012 -. 6 -. EE 18 A 7J 0< D 9 0 =, / 8 E68 7 0 Z B: ¯ 8 . 1982) . (AlPMaqtari et al ., 2011) a 9 =9 ( ° 26 P23 ) : = 019 12 12 Tishreen University Journal. Bio. Sciences Series 2013 ( )9 99D ( 35 ) 91 01 D , 0D1 01 : : Origanum syriacum L. " Y Z ! < CO 0EE1 Origanum syriacum ¯ 0N LB 7: ;1 0<2 7 0 i - D 9JD : -. 6 -. N, -. B (Clavenger apparatus) J1 B / 40 - ¯ 7 7 0 0 : = D L1 8 7 4 =9 Y2< 7 )2( 9: 7B -H > ­: 0H5 9 N 0.B ;E 18 (MullerPRiebau et al ., 1997; Toncer et A 99 3 0< @4Y -. 6E A 7 al ., 2010; AlPMaqtari et al ., 2011; Bakkour et al ., 2011) i5A 2< 0 N Z 1? ° 4 019 . GH 9NC 0.N 0N Y Z ! WM ! 8 ( 2) C# : : $ 3 C! 9 E, : =4 :C 0B 0 D A 1 0 1 0 9 @4Y -. 9:8 0 A1 a 9 D 0 0<. IY C K 7 1( ) 91 -. 0 B 0345 09 -. -D1 . 0B 0B 0H 0 2 D 01 . ­H : 0 9 0 D A 1 ; / ٕ 7 1 Z AN :F 0HN ) 05 9N FN 9 . 1 N 0N : ٕ NN H2S ¯52 51 ٕ Z, a1 A 1 99 06 9:8 K (>: :F ­D 0 ­ N N a 0<2 7( 3) N, (BioMérieux API Staph, API 20 Strep, API 20E System, France) 09: 2 L1 . (Garrity et al ., 2004; Garrity et al ., 2005) -1 9 9F . Merck 0N, 13 13 7[ 0B A 1 ­D Z ? Origanum syriacum L. 0 N 9B 0 DE API 20E System 3 [" )3( C# ( / 0M 01? F L / 0M 0 F L) 0 A1 0 =, >9 ? 0D 9 ( 1) 91 -. 0 B 70345 -. -D1 9 E, : =4 :C 0B .0B ." O ! $ 3 ( 1) C 0D 9 0B A 1 Escherichia coli Proteus vulgaris 9 9 Klebsiella pneumoniae 9 9 Salmonella sp. Enterobacter cloacae Serratia marcescens 9A E Pseudomonas aeruginosa -E: G Streptococcus faecalis -N , -/9 H Streptococcus pneumoniae 9 9 Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus albus 14 14 Tishreen University Journal. Bio. Sciences Series 2013 ( )9 99D ( 35 ) 91 01 D , 0D1 01 : ! $ 3 " AB Origanum syriacum L. " Y Z ! B -. well E 8 , F 0<2 -B 9 4 0 D A 1 Z ? 0. 8 : .(Dorman and Deans, 2000; Bouhdid et al ., 2008) Mueller Hinton agar (Merck) 2 B / ., 0D1 D 0N -. 0 = < -D i : -. 0 9 @4Y 18 Nutrient agar (Merck) 2 0 A1 0 4:C 7 0 D A 1 a N ¯D B McFarland Standard 9FEN 0.5 =N Z2 <D -1 . -. DB 70 24 Y 8 Mueller Hinton 2 12 ? EB8 ¯D N 250 < 8 . /0: 10 × 1.5 9D 02 E 5 7 [ N ¯2 -. N K 91 1 7 ° 45 019 ? 9 agar 7 N ( 20 P 15 P 10 P 5 P 2) N E 8 ? ;B . ( <2 B) <D -11 ­ -1? 9Y,N 0 9B 99 9: 7 ¯2 N -. :5 - 9Y,N =9 =E 8 L L 2 B ,F =9 9 -. ¯2 D B .( 2) 3 91 -. 0 B :5 / -. Inhibition zones L ¯2 J6 ? 7 0 24 =9 ° 37 019 -. B 8 A 7- ZJ 9D 2A 23 1 7 (AlPMaqtari et al ., 2011) - A1 2A 9 E 8 . N 0A5A L3 01 18 70 =2 02 B . S!# S! c G $ ( 2) C Antibiotic Code: concentration 1- Cephalothin KF: 30 µg 2- Cefaclor CEC: 30 µg 3- Amikacin AK: 30 µg 4- Chloramphenicol C: 30 µg 5- Sulfaprime SXT: 25 µg :D " dV " : ! $ 3 = "Z " AB %G !# 3e dV " N 99 N N, 9 9 0B A 1 Z ? =9B 0 DE ( 3) 91 B 9 9 - A1 9 0< 23 -.
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