Crash During Attempted Go-Around After Landing East Coast Jets Flight 81 Hawker Beechcraft Corporation 125-800A, N818MV Owatonna, Minnesota July 31, 2008
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Crash During Attempted Go‐Around After Landing East Coast Jets Flight 81 Hawker Beechcraft Corporation 125‐800A, N818MV Owatonna, Minnesota July 31, 2008 Accident Report NTSB/AAR-11/01 National PB2011-910401 Transportation Safety Board NTSB/AAR-11/01 PB2011-910401 Notation 8046A Adopted March 15, 2011 Aircraft Accident Report Crash During Attempted Go-Around After Landing East Coast Jets Flight 81 Hawker Beechcraft Corporation 125-800A, N818MV Owatonna, Minnesota July 31, 2008 National Transportation Safety Board 490 L’Enfant Plaza, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20594 National Transportation Safety Board. 2011. Crash During Attempted Go-Around After Landing, East Coast Jets Flight 81, Hawker Beechcraft Corporation 125-800A, N818MV, Owatonna, Minnesota, July 31, 2008. Aircraft Accident Report NTSB/AAR-11/01. Washington, DC. Abstract: This accident report discusses the July 31, 2008, accident involving East Coast Jets flight 81, a Hawker Beechcraft Corporation 125-800A, N818MV, which crashed while attempting to go around after landing on runway 30 at Owatonna Degner Regional Airport, Owatonna, Minnesota. The two pilots and six passengers were killed, and the airplane was destroyed by impact forces. The nonscheduled, domestic passenger flight was operating under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 135. An instrument flight rules flight plan had been filed and activated; however, it was canceled before the landing. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The safety issues discussed in this report relate to flight crew actions; lack of standard operating procedures requirements for 14 CFR Part 135 operators, including crew resource management training and checklist usage; go-around guidance for turbine-powered aircraft; Part 135 preflight weather briefings; pilot fatigue and sleep disorders; inadequate arrival landing distance assessment guidance and requirements; Part 135 on-demand, pilot-in-command line checks; and cockpit image recording systems. Fourteen new safety recommendations concerning these issues are addressed to the Federal Aviation Administration. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) is an independent federal agency dedicated to promoting aviation, railroad, highway, marine, pipeline, and hazardous materials safety. Established in 1967, the agency is mandated by Congress through the Independent Safety Board Act of 1974 to investigate transportation accidents, determine the probable causes of the accidents, issue safety recommendations, study transportation safety issues, and evaluate the safety effectiveness of government agencies involved in transportation. The NTSB makes public its actions and decisions through accident reports, safety studies, special investigation reports, safety recommendations, and statistical reviews. Recent publications are available in their entirety on the Internet at <http://www.ntsb.gov>. Other information about available publications also may be obtained from the website or by contacting: National Transportation Safety Board Records Management Division, CIO-40 490 L’Enfant Plaza, SW Washington, DC 20594 (800) 877-6799 or (202) 314-6551 NTSB publications may be purchased, by individual copy or by subscription, from the National Technical Information Service. To purchase this publication, order report number PB2011-910401 from: National Technical Information Service 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, Virginia 22161 (800) 553-6847 or (703) 605-6000 The Independent Safety Board Act, as codified at 49 U.S.C. Section 1154(b), precludes the admission into evidence or use of NTSB reports related to an incident or accident in a civil action for damages resulting from a matter mentioned in the report. NTSB Aircraft Accident Report Contents Figures ........................................................................................................................................... iv Tables ..............................................................................................................................................v Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................... vi Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................x 1. Factual Information ...................................................................................................................1 1.1 History of Flight .........................................................................................................................1 1.2 Injuries to Persons ......................................................................................................................6 1.3 Damage to Airplane ...................................................................................................................6 1.4 Other Damage ............................................................................................................................6 1.5 Personnel Information ................................................................................................................6 1.5.1 The Captain ......................................................................................................................6 1.5.2 The First Officer ..............................................................................................................7 1.6 Airplane Information .................................................................................................................8 1.6.1 Flaps, Airbrakes, and Anti-Skid Systems ........................................................................9 1.6.2 Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System ..............................................................12 1.7 Meteorological Information .....................................................................................................13 1.7.1 Area Weather Conditions ..............................................................................................13 1.7.2 Airport Weather Information .........................................................................................13 1.7.3 Additional National Weather Service Weather Information .........................................15 1.7.4 En Route Weather Services ...........................................................................................17 1.7.5 Federal Aviation Administration Weather-Related Guidance .......................................17 1.7.5.1 Weather Briefings ............................................................................................17 1.7.5.2 Severe Weather Information ............................................................................18 1.7.6 East Coast Jets Weather-Related Guidance ...................................................................18 1.8 Aids to Navigation ...................................................................................................................19 1.9 Communications ......................................................................................................................19 1.10 Airport Information ................................................................................................................19 1.11 Flight Recorders .....................................................................................................................19 1.11.1 Cockpit Voice Recorder ..............................................................................................19 1.11.2 Flight Data Recorder ....................................................................................................20 1.12 Wreckage and Impact Information ........................................................................................20 1.13 Medical and Pathological Information ...................................................................................22 1.14 Fire .........................................................................................................................................22 1.15 Survival Aspects ....................................................................................................................22 1.16 Tests and Research .................................................................................................................23 1.16.1 Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System Data Study .........................................23 1.16.2 Runway 30 Measurements ...........................................................................................23 1.16.3 Airplane Performance Study ........................................................................................26 1.16.3.1 Calculated Airplane Performance and Computer Simulation Results ...........26 i NTSB Aircraft Accident Report 1.16.3.2 Evaluation of Potential Hydroplaning on Runway 30 ...................................27 1.16.3.3 Airplane Stopping Distances on Wet Runways .............................................27 1.16.3.4 Braking Coefficients ......................................................................................29 1.16.3.4.1 U.S. and European Braking Coefficient Standards ...............................29 1.16.3.4.2 Required Landing Distances Using Different Braking Coefficient Models.................................................................................................30 1.17 Organizational and Management Information .......................................................................32