MCA No Match for Ram in Chinese-Majority Seat Malaysiakini.Com May 12, 2014
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Joint Ministerial Statement
Final THE FOURTEENTH ASEAN AND CHINA TRANSPORT MINISTERS MEETING (14th ATM+CHINA) 5 November 2015, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia JOINT MINISTERIAL STATEMENT 1. The Fourteenth ASEAN and China Transport Ministers Meeting (14th ATM+China) was held on 5 November 2015 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The Meeting was co-chaired by H.E. Dato’ Sri Liow Tiong Lai, Minister of Transport of Malaysia and H.E. Mr. Yang Chuantang, Minister of Transport of the People’s Republic of China. The Meeting was preceded by the Fourteenth ASEAN and China Senior Transport Officials Meeting (14th STOM+China) held on 3 November 2015. 2. The Ministers reaffirmed their commitment to enhance transport connectivity between and among ASEAN Member States and China and urged the senior officials to continue their effort to move forward the priority areas and major projects/activities in railway, highway, civil aviation and waterway transport cooperation in order to facilitate regional trade and investment flows. 3. The Ministers adopted the ASEAN-China Maritime Training and Education Development Strategy which aims to enhance the capacity of maritime training and education in ASEAN Member States and China, particularly in the areas of maritime management and seafarers education, training and development. The Ministers also acknowledged the importance of this initiative towards improving the quality of human resources for the development of regional and global shipping industry. 4. The Ministers welcomed the entry into force of Protocol 2 of the ASEAN-China Air Transport Agreement, tasked and encouraged senior officials and relevant working groups to make more active and intensive engagement between ASEAN and China in the area of aviation cooperation, and eventually put in place a liberal and substantial air services framework in support of the upgrading of the ASEAN-China Free Trade Agreement. -
Public Perceptions on the Mca Party Elections
PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS ON THE MCA PARTY ELECTIONS 25 March 2010 1 “All rights reserved. This report is published by proprietary subscription. No parts of this publication may be distributed, reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means including photocopying without the permission of the copyright owner, application for which should be addressed to the same. The distribution, reproduction, copying or transmission including the quotation of a part of the whole thereof by a non-customer is strictly prohibited” MERDEKA CENTER FOR OPINION RESEARCH 901B Diamond Complex, 43650 Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, MALAYSIA Tel: 603 8210 1488/1499 Fax: 603 8210 1466 Email: [email protected] Web: www.merdeka.org 2 Methodology • 805 randomly selected respondents aged 21+ from across Peninsular Malaysia were interviewed via telephone for the survey • Respondents were selected via random stratified sampling method along the lines of state of residence, ethnicity, gender and age • Survey was carried out between 17th to 23rd March 2010 • Survey margin of error estimated at ±3.50% • Important events during survey period: Nomination of candidates to the MCA re-election, Parliament session of Q1, 2010, demonstrations by Orang Asli at Putrajaya and tussle between TNB & residents of new village at Rawang. Note: Total percentages presented may or may not add up to 100% due to rounding up of figures. 3 Respondent Profile pt.1 Age Setting 30% Ethinicity 24% 25% 100% 19% 20% 18% 80% 15% 60% Urban 60% 58% 10% 40% 30% Rural 42% 20% 9% 0% 0% 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 Above 60 Malay Chinese Indian Education level 60% Gender 47% 40% 19% 20% 15% 16% Male Female 2% 52% 48% 0% No formal Primary Secondary Diploma Degree education school school and -20% equivalent Respondent Profile pt. -
23 November 2016
Bil. 52 Rabu 23 November 2016 MALAYSIA PENYATA RASMI PARLIMEN DEWAN RAKYAT PARLIMEN KETIGA BELAS ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Diterbitkan oleh: PENGGAL KEEMPAT CAWANGAN PENYATA RASMI PARLIMEN MALAYSIA MESYUARAT KETIGA 2016 K A N D U N G A N JAWAPAN-JAWAPAN LISAN BAGI PERTANYAAN-PERTANYAAN (Halaman 1) RANG UNDANG-UNDANG DIBAWA KE DALAM MESYUARAT (Halaman 20) USUL MENTERI DI JABATAN PERDANA MENTERI DI BAWAH P.M.27(3): Menggantung Yang Berhormat Segambut Daripada Perkhidmatan Majlis Mesyuarat Selama Enam Bulan (Halaman 21) RANG UNDANG-UNDANG: Rang Undang-undang Kewangan 2016 (Halaman 25) Rang Undang-undang Kesalahan Yang Berhubungan Dengan Anugerah 2016 (Halaman 58) Rang Undang-undang Lambang dan Nama (Mencegah Penggunaan Tak Wajar)(Pindaan) 2016 (Halaman 82) Rang Undang-undang Pentadbiran Undang-undang Islam (Wilayah-wilayah Persekutuan)(Pindaan) 2016 (Halaman 83) Rang Undang-undang Pendaftaran Kelahiran dan Kematian (Pindaan) 20 (Halaman 100) Rang Undang-undang Pihak Berkuasa Penerbangan Awam Malaysia 2016 (Halaman 119) Rang Undang-undang Penerbangan Awam (Pindaan) 2016 (Halaman 138) USUL-USUL: Waktu Mesyuarat dan Urusan Dibebaskan Daripada Peraturan Mesyuarat (Halaman 20) Meminda Susunan Aturan Urusan Mesyuarat (Halaman 45) Menangguhkan Bacaan Kali Yang Kedua dan Ketiga Rang Undang-undang (Halaman 142) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Diterbitkan oleh: CAWANGAN PENYATA RASMI PARLIMEN MALAYSIA 2016 DR 23.11.2016 i AHLI-AHLI DEWAN RAKYAT 1. Yang Berhormat Tuan Yang di-Pertua, Tan Sri Datuk Seri Panglima Pandikar Amin Haji Mulia, P.S.M., S.P.D.K., S.U.M.W., P.G.D.K., J.S.M., J.P. 2. “ Timbalan Yang di-Pertua, Datuk Seri Dr. Ronald Kiandee, P.G.D.K., A.S.D.K. -
Watching the Watchdog 2.0 the Sun
Watching the Watchdog 2.0 The Sun Section 1: Coverage of Political Parties and Coalitions 1.1 Volume of Coverage of Parties & Coalitions Figure 1: Volume of Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions USNO 0.00 0.00 SAPP 0.00 0.00 PCM 0.00 0.00 PBB 0.00 0.00 UPKO 0.13 0.13 Gagasan Sejahtera 0.13 0.26 SUPP 0.26 0.39 Warisan 0.53 0.53 PRS 0.92 1.32 Gerakan 1.45 2.11 MCA 3.16 3.29 Other 3.42 5.39 UMNO 6.58 9.34 DAP 10.00 16.32 BN 26.18 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 • BN received the most coverage (26.18%), followed by PH (16.32%) and DAP (10.00%). 1 Figure 2: Volume of Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions: Government vs. Opposition vs. Independent/Other GS 6.25 Independent 0.45 PH 46.13 BN 47.17 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 • Once parties/coalitions’ coverage volumes are combined, BN received the highest level of coverage (47.17%), followed by PH (46.13%) and GS (6.25%). 1.2 Tone of Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions Figure 3: Raw Tonal Coverage Volume of Political Parties & Coalitions Attacked Positive 2% 8% Negative 8% Neutral 82% • The Neutral tone was used the most (82%), followed by Positive and Negative (8%). 2 Figure 4.1: Attacked Political Party & Coalition Coverage STAR 0.00 USNO 0.00 Warisan 0.00 LDP 0.00 Other 0.00 AMANAH 0.00 UPKO 0.00 SUPP 0.00 SAPP 0.00 PSM 0.00 PRM 0.00 PRS 0.00 PPBM 0.00 PH 0.00 PKR 0.00 PDP 0.00 PCM 0.00 PBS 0.00 PBRS 0.00 PBB 0.00 PAS 0.00 MIC 0.00 MCA 0.00 IKATAN 0.00 Gerakan 0.00 Gagasan Sejahtera 0.00 UMNO 20.00 DAP 20.00 BN 26.67 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 • BN received the highest coverage of Attacked tones (26.67%), with DAP and UMNO sharing the rest of the coverage (20%). -
PERAK P = Parlimen / Parliament N = Dewan Undangan Negeri (DUN) / State Constituencies
PERAK P = Parlimen / Parliament N = Dewan Undangan Negeri (DUN) / State Constituencies KAWASAN / STATE PENYANDANG / INCUMBENT PARTI / PARTY P054 GERIK HASBULLAH BIN OSMAN BN N05401 - PENGKALAN HULU AZNEL BIN IBRAHIM BN N05402 – TEMENGGOR SALBIAH BINTI MOHAMED BN P055 LENGGONG SHAMSUL ANUAR BIN NASARAH BN N05503 – KENERING MOHD TARMIZI BIN IDRIS BN N05504 - KOTA TAMPAN SAARANI BIN MOHAMAD BN P056 LARUT HAMZAH BIN ZAINUDIN BN N05605 – SELAMA MOHAMAD DAUD BIN MOHD YUSOFF BN N05606 - KUBU GAJAH AHMAD HASBULLAH BIN ALIAS BN N05607 - BATU KURAU MUHAMMAD AMIN BIN ZAKARIA BN P057 PARIT BUNTAR MUJAHID BIN YUSOF PAS N05708 - TITI SERONG ABU BAKAR BIN HAJI HUSSIAN PAS N05709 - KUALA KURAU ABDUL YUNUS B JAMAHRI PAS P058 BAGAN SERAI NOOR AZMI BIN GHAZALI BN N05810 - ALOR PONGSU SHAM BIN MAT SAHAT BN N05811 - GUNONG MOHD ZAWAWI BIN ABU HASSAN PAS SEMANGGOL N05812 - SELINSING HUSIN BIN DIN PAS P059 BUKIT GANTANG IDRIS BIN AHMAD PAS N05913 - KUALA SAPETANG CHUA YEE LING PKR N05914 - CHANGKAT JERING MOHAMMAD NIZAR BIN JAMALUDDIN PAS N05915 - TRONG ZABRI BIN ABD. WAHID BN P060 TAIPING NGA KOR MING DAP N06016 – KAMUNTING MOHAMMAD ZAHIR BIN ABDUL KHALID BN N06017 - POKOK ASSAM TEH KOK LIM DAP N06018 – AULONG LEOW THYE YIH DAP P061 PADANG RENGAS MOHAMED NAZRI BIN ABDUL AZIZ BN N06119 – CHENDEROH ZAINUN BIN MAT NOOR BN N06120 - LUBOK MERBAU SITI SALMAH BINTI MAT JUSAK BN P062 SUNGAI SIPUT MICHAEL JEYAKUMAR DEVARAJ PKR N06221 – LINTANG MOHD ZOLKAFLY BIN HARUN BN N06222 - JALONG LOH SZE YEE DAP P063 TAMBUN AHMAD HUSNI BIN MOHAMAD HANADZLAH BN N06323 – MANJOI MOHAMAD ZIAD BIN MOHAMED ZAINAL ABIDIN BN N06324 - HULU KINTA AMINUDDIN BIN MD HANAFIAH BN P064 IPOH TIMOR SU KEONG SIONG DAP N06425 – CANNING WONG KAH WOH (DAP) DAP N06426 - TEBING TINGGI ONG BOON PIOW (DAP) DAP N06427 - PASIR PINJI LEE CHUAN HOW (DAP) DAP P065 IPOH BARAT M. -
K a N D U N G a N
K A N D U N G A N JAWAPAN-JAWAPAN LISAN BAGI PERTANYAAN-PERTANYAAN (Halaman 1) RANG UNDANG-UNDANG DIBAWA KE DALAM MESYUARAT (Halaman 14) USUL Y.A.B. PERDANA MENTERI DI BAWAH PERATURAN MESYUARAT 27(3): – Draf Bagi Perintah Perlembagaan Persekutuan (Persempadanan Bahagian-Bahagian Pilihan Raya) (Negeri-negeri Tanah Melayu) 2003 & Draf Bagi Perintah Perlembagaan Persekutuan (Persempadanan Bahagian-Bahagian Pilihan Raya) (Negeri Sabah) 2003 (Halaman 14) USUL: Waktu Mesyuarat dan Urusan Dibebaskan Daripada Peraturan Mesyuarat (Halaman 61) Diterbitkan Oleh: CAWANGAN DOKUMENTASI PARLIMEN MALAYSIA 2003 DR.8.4.2003 i AHLI-AHLI DEWAN RAKYAT Yang Amat Berbahagia Tuan Yang di-Pertua, Tun Dato Seri Dr. Mohamed Zahir bin Haji Ismail, S.S.M., P.M.N., S.S.D.K., S.P.M.K., D.S.D.K., J.M.N. Yang Amat Berhormat Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Kewangan, Dato Seri Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad, D.K.(Brunei), D.K.(Perlis), D.K.(Johor), D.U.K., S.S.D.K., S.S.A.P., S.P.M.S., S.P.M.J., D.P. (Sarawak), D.U.P.N., S.P.N.S., S.P.D.K., S.P.C.M., S.S.M.T., D.U.M.N., P.I.S. (Kubang Pasu) “ Timbalan Perdana Menteri dan Menteri Dalam Negeri, Dato’ Seri Abdullah bin Haji Ahmad Badawi, D.G.P.N., D.S.S.A., D.M.P.N., D.J.N., K.M.N., A.M.N., S.P.M.S. (Kepala Batas) Yang Berhormat Menteri Pengangkutan, Dato’ Seri Dr. Ling Liong Sik, S.P.M.P., D.G.S.M., D.P.M.P., D.P.M.S. -
Joint Press Conference on TPP
FEDERATION OF MALAYSIAN MANUFACTURERS APR – JUN 2016 | VOL: 2 /2016 | www.fmm.org.my | KDN NO.PP 16730/08/2012 (030376) Joint Press Conference on TPP 04 COVER 06 FEATURE 12 SME NEWS STORY Malaysian Business Sector: FMM Excellence Updates on Market TPP to Drive Growth and Jobs Award Winners Development Grant EDITORIAL CONTENT Advisor Dr Yeoh Oon Tean COVER STORY Chief Executive Officer Editorial Team Malaysian Business Sector: Madeline Loh 04 TPP to Drive Growth and Jobs General Manager (Trade) Ng Lee Lee Senior Manager International Business Division FEATURE Florance S. Gabriel Assistant Manager FMM Excellence Award Winners Communications and Publications Unit 06 Advertisements Kenny Lee Sales Manager FMM – MIER Business Conditions Survey Marketing Unit 08 Tel: 012-383 3857 Published By Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers (7907–X) FMM Members Recognised at Wisma FMM 10 Prime Minister’s Hibiscus Award No. 3, Persiaran Dagang, PJU 9 Bandar Sri Damansara 2014/2015 Night 52200 Kuala Lumpur Tel: 03-62867200 Fax: 03-62741266/7288 Email: [email protected] Website: www.fmm.org.my Printed By Percetakan Okid Sdn Bhd No. 2, Jalan SS13/3C Subang Jaya Industrial Estate 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor FEDERATION OF M ALAYS IAN M ANUFACTURERS © Copyright Reserved FMM has eight branches and two representative offices located in Kedah, Penang, Perak, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Malacca, Johor, Pahang, Sabah and Sarawak. SME NEWS Any material extracted from BUSINESS ACTION @FMM to be quoted or reprinted should Updates on Market Development Grant contain -
Watching the Watchdog 2.0 the Star
Watching the Watchdog 2.0 The Star Section 1: Coverage of Political Parties and Coalitions 1.1 Volume of Coverage of Parties & Coalitions Figure 1: Volume of Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions USNO 0.02 0.07 LDP 0.21 0.23 PRM 0.23 0.26 SUPP 0.28 0.70 SAPP 0.98 1.07 Warisan 1.16 1.40 Gagasan Sejahtera 1.44 1.60 PPBM 1.79 1.95 PBS 2.05 2.51 PDP 2.93 3.67 PKR 5.60 5.91 PAS 6.77 7.00 MCA 7.63 7.91 PBB 8.09 9.19 BN 11.60 0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 • BN received the most coverage (11.60%), followed by MIC (9.19%) and PBB (8.09%). 1 Figure 2: Volume of Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions: Government vs. Opposition vs. Independent/Other GS 10.37 Independent 3.97 PH 24.32 BN 61.35 0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 • Once parties/coalitions’ coverage volumes are combined, BN received the highest level of coverage (61.35%), followed by PH (24.32%) and GS (10.37%). 1.2 Tone of Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions Figure 3: Raw Tonal Coverage Volume of Political Parties & Coalitions Attacked 1% Positive 20% Negative 11% Neutral 68% • The Neutral tone was used the most (68%), followed by Positive (20%) and Negative (11%). 2 Figure 4.1: Attacked Political Party & Coalition Coverage STAR 0.00 USNO 0.00 Warisan 0.00 LDP 0.00 AMANAH 0.00 UPKO 0.00 UMNO 0.00 SUPP 0.00 SAPP 0.00 PSM 0.00 PRM 0.00 PRS 0.00 PPBM 0.00 PDP 0.00 PBRS 0.00 PBB 0.00 PAS 0.00 MIC 0.00 IKATAN 0.00 Gagasan Sejahtera 0.00 BN 0.00 PKR 1.75 PCM 1.75 PBS 1.75 MCA 1.75 Gerakan 1.75 Other 5.26 PH 7.02 DAP 29.82 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 • DAP received the highest amount of Attacked coverage (29.82%), followed by PH (7.02%). -
Chew Mei Fun, the Right Candidate for Kajang State By-Election - BN Leaders Bernama 21 Feb 2014
Chew Mei Fun, The Right Candidate For Kajang State By-Election - BN Leaders Bernama 21 Feb 2014 KUALA LUMPUR, Feb 21 (Bernama) -- Barisan Nasional (BN) leaders unanimously supported the selection of MCA Vice-President Datin Paduka Chew Mei Fun as the right candidate for the upcoming Kajang state by-election. People's Progressive Party (PPP) President, Datuk M.Kayveas described Chew, 50, as the suitable candidate due to her vast experience and capabilities. "She knows how to tackle the voters very well as she's been in the Federal government before. We have full faith in Chew as the right candidate for Kajang," he told reporters after the candidacy was announced by BN Deputy Chairman Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin in Kuala Lumpur, Friday. Penang-born Chew worked as a journalist, a teacher and held various positions in the advertising and creative industry before venturing into politics in 1991. Her first federal government job was confidential secretary to the then Deputy Culture, Arts and Tourism Minister, Teng Gaik Kwan, after which she was elected as Member of Parliament for Petaling Jaya Utara from 1999 to 2008. Later, she was Parliamentary Secretary of the Women, Family and Social Development Ministry from 2004 to 2008 and in 2009 promoted to Deputy Women, Family and Social Development Minister after being appointed as a senator. She lost the Petaling Jaya Utara Parliamentary seat after two terms to DAP's Tony Pua during the political tsunami in the 2008 General Election. MCA President Datuk Seri Liow Tiong Lai said the selection of Chew was a great honour for the party. -
Lapangan Terbang Seluruh Negara Selamat KUALA LUMPUR 28 Feb
Lapangan terbang seluruh negara selamat KUALA LUMPUR 28 Feb – Menteri Pengangkutan, Datuk Seri Liow Tiong Lai hari ini memberi jaminan semua lapangan terbang di negara ini berada dalam keadaan selamat. Katanya, orang ramai tidak perlu bimbang dengan aspek keselamatan di semua lapangan terbang negara ini termasuk Lapangan Terbang Antarabangsa Kuala Lumpur 2 (KLIA2) di mana rakyat Korea Utara, Kim Jong-nam, dibunuh pada 13 Februari lalu. “Lapangan terbang kita selamat dan pemeriksaan mendapati tidak ada sebarang bahan toksik. “Kita mahu memberitahu orang ramai supaya jangan risau, tiada apa yang perlu dibimbangkan. Kita akan terus mengukuhkan tahap keselamatan kita dari semasa ke semasa,” katanya. Tiong Lai yang juga Presiden MCA ditemui pemberita selepas melancarkan Pusat Kajian Sosial dan Polisi Tun Tan Cheng Lock di Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) di sini, hari ini. Yang turut hadir, Canselor UTAR, Tun Dr. Ling Liong Sik dan Timbalan Menteri Pembangunan Wanita, Keluarga dan Masyarakat, Datin Paduka Chew Mei Fun. Tiong Lai berkata, pihaknya belum mendapat laporan mengenai pekerja syarikat penerbangan Korea Utara, Koryo Air, Kim Uk-il, 37, yang kini dicari bagi membantu siasatan. Selain Uk-il, seorang lagi suspek yang dikehendaki bagi membantu siasatan kes itu ialah setiausaha kedua Kedutaan Korea Utara di Malaysia, Hyon Kwang-song yang berusia 44 tahun. Jong-nam, yang hidup secara terasing daripada adiknya pemimpin Korea Utara Kim Jong-un, dibunuh dengan bahan kimia yang kemudian dikenal pasti oleh Jabatan Kimia sebagai agen saraf VX. – BERNAMA SOURCE : UTUSAN MALAYSIA | PAGE: 4 | 1 MARCH 2017 . -
Mei Fun's Selection a Yardstick to Gauge People's Acceptance for MCA - DPM Bernama 23Feb 2014
Mei Fun's Selection A Yardstick To Gauge People's Acceptance For MCA - DPM Bernama 23Feb 2014 PAGOH, Feb 23 (Bernama) -- The selection of MCA vice-president Datin Paduka Chew Mei Fun as the candidate for the Kajang state by-election can be used as a yardstick to gauge the people's acceptance of MCA's new party leadership. Deputy Prime Minister and Barisan Nasional (BN) Deputy chairman Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin said, as such, the opportunity to contest in the Kajang by-election should not be wasted even though certain quarters suggested that the BN should not contest. "If this opportunity is not taken, then it is difficult to gauge the extend of acceptance by the Chinese community or the people towards the new MCA leadership," he told reporters after launching the 1Malaysia People's Aid (BR1M) programme at the Pagoh parliamentary constituency here today. The Deputy Prime Minister said : "Whatever the decision, it will become an indication of where they (MCA) stand, the remedial measures that can be taken and the basic struggles that they want to fight for the Chinese community. Probably it can be delivered at a by-election such as this one," he said. Muhyiddin said Chew was a suitable candidate because she was not only experienced in holding a post in the government but also a person with principles as well as having a good character. Muhyiddin said, in this by-election, the new MCA leadership was given the opportunity to prove to the voters that they were ready to help the Chinese community. -
The Chinese Education Movement in Malaysia
INSTITUTIONS AND SOCIAL MOBILIZATION: THE CHINESE EDUCATION MOVEMENT IN MALAYSIA ANG MING CHEE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE 2011 i 2011 ANG MING CHEE CHEE ANG MING SOCIAL MOBILIZATION:SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND THE CHINESE EDUCATION CHINESE MOVEMENT INTHE MALAYSIA ii INSTITUTIONS AND SOCIAL MOBILIZATION: THE CHINESE EDUCATION MOVEMENT IN MALAYSIA ANG MING CHEE (MASTER OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES, UPPSALA UNIVERSITET, SWEDEN) (BACHELOR OF COMMUNICATION (HONOURS), UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE 2011 iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My utmost gratitude goes first and foremost to my supervisor, Associate Professor Jamie Seth Davidson, for his enduring support that has helped me overcome many challenges during my candidacy. His critical supervision and brilliant suggestions have helped me to mature in my academic thinking and writing skills. Most importantly, his understanding of my medical condition and readiness to lend a hand warmed my heart beyond words. I also thank my thesis committee members, Associate Professor Hussin Mutalib and Associate Professor Goh Beng Lan for their valuable feedback on my thesis drafts. I would like to thank the National University of Singapore for providing the research scholarship that enabled me to concentrate on my thesis as a full-time doctorate student in the past four years. In particular, I would also like to thank the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences for partially supporting my fieldwork expenses and the Faculty Research Cluster for allocating the precious working space. My appreciation also goes to members of my department, especially the administrative staff, for their patience and attentive assistance in facilitating various secretarial works.