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T.C. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Bati Dilleri Ve Edebiyati Anabilim Dali Doktora Tezi

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T.C. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Bati Dilleri Ve Edebiyati Anabilim Dali Doktora Tezi T.C. SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BILIMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ BATI DİLLERİ VE EDEBİYATI ANABİLİM DALI DOKTORA TEZİ Nijerya'da İngilizce çıkan Editör Yazıları ve Başlıklarının Semantiko-Pragmatik İlişkileri Ahmed Mohammed BEDU 1240224006 DOKTORA TEZİ DANIŞMAN Prof. Dr. Hüseynağa RZAYEV ISPARTA- 2017 T.R. SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL UNIVERSITY SOCIAL SCIENCE INSTITUTE WESTERN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT SEMANTICO-PRAGMATIC INTERRELATION OF EDITORIALS AND THEIR HEADLINES IN ENGLISH- SPEAKING NIGERIAN NEWSPAPERS Ahmed Mohammed BEDU 1240224006 PhD THESIS SUPERVISOR Prof. Dr. Hüseynağa RZAYEV ISPARTA- 2017 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all, my greatest thanks go to my supervisor Prof. Dr. Hüseynağa Rzayev for his time, advice, patience and commitment in reading through the draft of this thesis and making necessary corrections at each stage of the work. Indeed, Prof. Rzayev’s methodological contributions to the fields of Pragmatics, Critical Discourse Analysis and Cognitive Linguistics inspired my work to a large extent. Over the course of my research study, I had the privilege of working with three thesis committee members: Doç. Dr. Ömer Şekerci, Yrd. Doç. Dr. Philip Glover and Yrd. Doç. Dr. Kağan Büyükkarci. My gratitude goes to them for being so kind as to agree to direct my study. Outside my committee, I thank Yrd. Doç. Dr. Şule Okuroğlu Özün for her sisterly guidance. Arş. Gör İlker Özçelik on various occasions stood by my side with real help throughout my stay in Isparta, and I extend my thanks to him. I shared my student life with very nice people, and my best wishes go to Othman Al-Abbasi, Ayad, Hind, Riyadh, and all African students in Isparta especially my nephew Ibrahim, and his friends: Yahaya, Hassan and Sa’id. Thank you all for good companionship. I wish to thank my employer, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria for giving me a three year study fellowship to pursue my doctorate. Special thanks also go to my colleagues at the Languages and Linguistics Dept, University of Maiduguri, particularly Prof. Muhammed Munkaila and Prof. A. M. Gimba for having a firm belief in my ability and mentoring me. My acknowledgements are due to His Excellency, Alh. Dr. Ibrahim Gaidam, the Executive Governor of Yobe State, Nigeria, his Chief of Staff, Alh. Sale Abubakar and Special Advisor to the Governor on Media, Abdullahi Bego for facilitating the approval of seed funds from Yobe State Government that made my studies possible. One person that deserved special acknowledgement is Hassan Gimba Ahmed for standing behind my education goals at all times, so also my family members, Yagana Yerima, Zainab Faruk, Aisha Mohammed and my bride Aisha Aliyu Ahmad who that make sacrifice to join me in Isparta. You have all been a great blessing. To my kids and relatives, thank you for your love and patience throughout my PhD program. I owe to my colleagues in the media, especially NUJ, RFI and YBC, a greatest debt for all your moral support and prayers through phone/video calls and comments on Facebook. Thank you all. iv ÖZET Nijerya'da İngilizce çıkan Editör Yazıları ve Başlıklarının Semantiko-Pragmatik İlişkileri Ahmed Mohammed BEDU Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Batı Dilleri ve Edebiyat Dalı, Doktora Tezi (Isparta, 2017) Danışman: Prof Dr. Hüseynağa RZAYEV Bu çalışma, İngilizce konuşulan Nijerya gazetelerinin, yazı metinlerinde güç, kontrol, manipülasyon ve ideoloji göstermek için çok çeşitli dilsel araçlar kullanarak sosyal etkileşimi nasıl çerçevelediğini ve sunmalarını belirlemeye çalışmıştır. Çalışma, aşağıdaki soruları yanıtlamak için kritik söylem analizinin toplumsal teorisi ile bazı bilişsel dilbilim ilkelerine entegre edilerek yenilikçi bir metodolojik model geliştirilmiştir: 1) Dünya Nijerya gazetelerinin editör yazılarında nasıl temsil edilmektedir? Yani, sosyal etkinlikleri temsil etmek için gazetelerin haber editörlerinde dilleri nasıl çalıştığı ve aynı zamanda diğer sosyal uygulamaların nasıl oluşturulduğunu; 2) Editöryallerde bilgilendirmeden manipülatif/ikna edici söylemden ayıran belirli dilsel yapılar var mı? 3) İngilizce konuşulan Nijerya gazetelerinin editör yazarlarının bilişsel ilkeleri ve haber editörlerine yansımaları nelerdir? 4) Ve CDA, manipülatif söylemlerin doğrusal anlamda ima edilen anlamlarını anlamada tüketicileri nasıl aydınlatabilir? Bu tez çalışmasında, farklı model ve yöntemleri kullanarak Nijerya gazetelerinin dördünden seçilen kırk cümleye ait metinlere, metinlerarası analiz, metinlerarasılık, yazışmalar ve yazım biçimi arasındaki zihinsel temsil açılarından başlıklar ve başlıklar arasındaki semantiko-pragmatik ilişkiler açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, gazete editöryal yazarları tarafından sosyal gösterge bilim oluşturmak için dilsel araçların kullanılmasının kaza olarak değil aynı zamanda ideolojik motive olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, dil kullanıcılarının dilsel kaynakları kendi menfaatleri doğrultusunda kullandıklarını doğrulamaktadır ve bu tür bir dil kullanımını ortaya koymak, okuyucuları gazete söyleminin okuyucularına tüketimini yalnızca açıkça yapılandırılmış söylem biçimleri değil, ellerinden gelen şeylerle de tutturarak ideolojiyi bozacak ve toplumdaki sonuçlarını azaltacaktır. Anahtar kelimeler: Gazete editörü; Başlıklar; İdeoloji; Eleş tirel Söylem Analizi; Bilişsel Dilbilim v ABSTRACT Semantico-Pragmatic Interrelation of Editorials and their Headlines in English- Speaking Nigerian Newspapers Ahmed Mohammed BEDU Suleyman Demirel University, Department of Western Languages and Literature, Ph.D. Thesis (Isparta, 2017) Advisor: Prof Dr. Hüseynağa Rzayev This study aims to determine how English-speaking Nigerian newspapers frame and present social interaction using a wide range of linguistic tools to exercise power, control, manipulation and ideology in their editorial texts. The study develops an innovative methodological model by integrating social theory of critical discourse analysis with some principles of cognitive linguistics to find answers to the following questions: 1) How is the world represented in Nigerian newspaper editorials? That is to say, how language is employed in the news editorials to represent social events and at the same time, how it constructs other social practices; 2) Are there any specific linguistic constructions in the editorials that differentiate the informative discourse from manipulative/ persuasive one? 3) What are the cognitive principles of the English- speaking Nigerian newspapers editorial writers and their reflections in news editorials? 4) How can CDA enlighten the consumers in understanding the inter-linearly implied meanings of the manipulative discourses? The thesis applies the different linguistic approaches and methods of discourse analysis to forty corpuses of editorial texts selected from four of the Nigerian newspapers in terms of semantico-pragmatic interrelationship of their editorials and headlines from the angles of textual analysis, intertextuality, interdiscursivity and mode of cognitive representation in the editorial texts. The findings show that the use of linguistic tools to form social semiotics by the newspaper editorial writers are not accidental but ideologically motivated. The findings also justify the view that language users manipulate linguistic resources to suit their interests, and revealing such language use will deconstruct ideology and reduce its consequences in society by helping the readers of newspaper discourse to be aware and critical on what they consume not only from the explicitly structured forms of discourse. Keywords: Newspaper editorial; Headlines; Ideology; Critical Discourse Analysis; Cognitive Linguistics vi TABLE OF CONTENTS TEZ SAVUNMA SINAV TUTANAĞI ............................................................................ i YEMİN METNİ ................................................................................................................ ii DECLARATION ............................................................................................................. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................... vi ÖZET ................................................................................................................................ v ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................... vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................ xiv DEFINITION OF FUNCTIONAL TERMINOLOGY ................................................... xv LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................ xvii LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................... xviii INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 1 1 Motivation for the Study ............................................................................................ 1 2 Significance of the Study ............................................................................................ 1 3 The Aim and Goals of the Study ............................................................................... 2 4 The Scope of the Research ........................................................................................ 4
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