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Sonbahar / Autumn Sayı/Iss Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi The Journal of Social Sciences Institute 23 Siguaw, J.A., Mattila, A. and Austin, J.R. (2009). The Brand- Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Personality Scale: An Application for Restaurants. Cornell The Journal of Social Sciences Institute Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 40 (3), 48-55. Yıl/Year: 2018 – Sonbahar / Autumn Tan, A.J.S. (2008) Destination Branding: Creating a Destination Sayı/Issue: Iwact’18 Özel Sayısı - Sayfa / Page: 23-44 Choice. Perspectives in Asian Leisure and Tourism, 1 (1), ISSN: 1302-6879 VAN/TURKEY Article 5. Usakli, A. and Baloglu, S. (2011) Brand personality of tourist Makale Bilgisi / Article Info destinations: An application of self-congruity theory. Tourism Geliş/Received: 13.10.2018 Management, 32 (1), 114-127. Kabul/Accepted: 07.11.2018 Yuksel, F. and Bilim, Y. (2009). Interactions between Visual Appeals, Araştırma Makalesi / Research Article Holiday Motivations, Destination Personality and the Self- Image: Implications for Destination Advertising. Journal of INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE EXPERIENCE OF Travel and Tourism Research, Fall 2009, 75-104. ISFAHAN IN THE RE-FUNCTIONALIZATION OF CARAVANSERAIS AS TOURIST FACILITIES Dr. Somayeh BAKHTIARI The University of Isfahan Department of History [email protected] Prof. Fereydoun ALLAHYARI The University of Isfahan Department of History Abstract Caravanserais are the historical monuments of Iran that have been built centuries ago on the path to commercial and pilgrimage cities for the convenience and comfort of merchants and travelers, or within cities, especially markets, for the trade of merchandises. Many caravanserais built in Isfahan and its communication axes because it is at the center of Iran as the heart of Iran's commercial and social interactions so that by the eighteenth century there were about 1,800 caravanserais in Isfahan Province. Of course, many of those caravanserais have disappeared over time, and today only their names are in history books and travel magazines. Isfahan's first experience in the re-functionalization of caravanserais as tourist facilities dates back to 1957. One of the most luxurious hotels in Isfahan, Shah Abbas Hotel is the caravanserai of King’s Mother, was built by the last king of Safavid, Shah Sultan Hussein (1666-1768). It is about 300 years old. Although modern and equipped, the hotel preserves the authenticity of the Safavid architecture with old paintings and gardens and welcomes thousands of domestic and foreign tourists each year. In recent years, the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Isfahan Province has renovated caravanserais as traditional restaurants and integrated services to preserve historical monuments and attract tourists. Due to their historical backgrounds and 24 Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi The Journal of Social Sciences Institute classical architectural styles, those buildings have been very successful in attracting tourists. Therefore, this paper, with a descriptive, analytical approach, examines the experience of Isfahan in the re-functionalization of caravanserais as tourist facilities. Keywords: Caravanserai, Tourist Facilities, Guesthouse, Safavid era, Isfahan. Introduction Isfahan Province, which is covering twenty-four cities, is located in the geographic center of Iran. This Province is the sixth largest province and the third most populous province of Iran. The center of this province is the City of Isfahan which is the capital of the world culture and civilization after Mecca. It is one of the most critical roles of the tourism industry in Iran due to having more than a thousand tourism attractions alongside the genius handcrafts and world-renowned arts. Throughout history, Isfahan was at the center of the importance of military and commercial affairs. Therefore, during ancient times, especially the Achaemenid period, Ribots, Castles, and post offices (Chapar-Khane-ha) were built on the roads and axes of communication in Isfahan. Subsequently, in the Islamic period, with the flourishing of the Iranian-Islamic architecture, many public buildings were built in cities and in communication ways, which mostly served as a haven for passengers and caravans. Most of the caravanserais have built in the Safavid period in Isfahan, each of them despite a simplicity, shows the originality of Iranian culture and civilization. The first time, French architect and archaeologist André Godard proposed to transform the Abbasi caravanserai into a modern hotel. Since then, the idea of using caravanserais in tourism facilities formed, and today, many caravanserais in Iran have become either a hotel, guest house, and traditional restaurant. Therefore, this article examines the experience of Isfahan in the re-functionalization of caravanserais as tourist facilities and introducing them. Caravanserais of Isfahan Isfahan’s history dates back to the Iranian plateau, which has always been regarded by the sultans and rulers due to the role of communication between different regions and it has been re-elected as a capital many times. However, its historical life and values were born in the final years of the sixteenth century AD. Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi The Journal of Social Sciences Institute 25 classical architectural styles, those buildings have been very successful in attracting tourists. Therefore, this paper, with a descriptive, analytical approach, examines the experience of Isfahan in the re-functionalization of caravanserais as tourist facilities. Keywords: Caravanserai, Tourist Facilities, Guesthouse, Safavid era, Isfahan. Introduction Isfahan Province, which is covering twenty-four cities, is located in the geographic center of Iran. This Province is the sixth largest province and the third most populous province of Iran. The center of this province is the City of Isfahan which is the capital of the world culture and civilization after Mecca. It is one of the most critical roles of the tourism industry in Iran due to having more than a thousand tourism attractions alongside the genius handcrafts and world-renowned arts. Throughout history, Isfahan was at the center of the importance of military and commercial affairs. Therefore, during PicturePicture 1: IsfahanIsfahan in in the the heart heart of of Iran Iran ancient times, especially the Achaemenid period, Ribots, Castles, and post offices (Chapar-Khane-ha) were built on the roads and axes of AfterAfter Shah AbbasAbbas (1571 (1571-1629),-1629), the the communication in Isfahan. Subsequently, in the Islamic period, with greatestgreatest Safavid king king chose chose Isfahan Isfahan the flourishing of the Iranian-Islamic architecture, many public asas the capital. ForFor thethe sakesake of of buildings were built in cities and in communication ways, which securitysecurity andand improvementimprovement inin mostly served as a haven for passengers and caravans. Most of the politicalpolitical andand economiceconomic relations,relations, caravanserais have built in the Safavid period in Isfahan, each of them andand the prosperity ofof m merchandiseerchandise despite a simplicity, shows the originality of Iranian culture and andand trade, hehe adoptsadopts somesome civilization. measuresmeasures (Siroux,(Siroux, 1949,1949, 7 -78).-8). One One The first time, French architect and archaeologist André ofof these measuresmeasures waswas thethe Godard proposed to transform the Abbasi caravanserai into a modern constructionconstruction andand restorationrestoration ofof hotel. Since then, the idea of using caravanserais in tourism facilities caravanseraiscaravanserais alongalong withwith pavingpaving formed, and today, many caravanserais in Iran have become either a thethe paths,paths, roads,roads, andand hotel, guest house, and traditional restaurant. Therefore, this article communicationcommunication axes(Siroux,axes(Siroux, 1949, 1949, examines the experience of Isfahan in the re-functionalization of 25).25). caravanserais as tourist facilities and introducing them. Caravanserais, alsoalso knownknown as asRiba Ribat, t,Sa’bat, Sa’bat, Timcheh, Timcheh, Caravanserais of Isfahan K’arbat,K’arbat, andand Khan,Khan, are are among among the the historical historical monuments monuments of Iranof Iran which which Isfahan’s history dates back to the Iranian plateau, which has werewere constructed centuriescenturies ago ago on on business business and and pilgrimage pilgrimage cities cities for for always been regarded by the sultans and rulers due to the role of thethe convenience andand welfare welfare of of merchants merchants and and travelers travelers or withinor within the the communication between different regions and it has been re-elected as cities,cities, especially the the markets markets for for trading trading merchants’ merchants’ goods. goods. a capital many times. However, its historical life and values were born The caravanseraiscaravanserais built built during during the the Safavid Safavid period period were were much much in the final years of the sixteenth century AD. broaderbroader and moremore luxuriousluxurious than than the the caravanserai caravanserai that that had had been been built built upup to then inin Iran.Iran. For For this this reason, reason, the the Safavid Safavid period period is the is thegolden golden age age 26 Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi The Journal of Social Sciences Institute of building Iranian
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