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The Beguiling Butterflies of the Jackson County Pine-Oak Barrens by Ann Swengel

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The Beguiling Butterflies of the Jackson County Pine-Oak Barrens by Ann Swengel The Beguiling Butterflies of the Jackson County Pine-Oak Barrens by Ann Swengel The great butterflies of the central published a number of peer-reviewed Cobweb and Dusted to the fall-flying Wisconsin pine-oak barrens were scientific papers on butterfly detection, Leonard’s. Wildflowers cater to others, previously described in the fall habitat associations, phenology and such as sunflowers and related plants 1998 issue of American Butterflies fluctuations, and responses to site for Gorgone Checkerspot, and wild (“Definitive Destination: Pine-Oak management, as well as non-technical lupine (Lupinus perennis), which Barrens in Central Jackson County, articles. A past vice president of NABA alone has three specialized butterflies: Wisconsin”). With a decade already and co-editor of the annual 4th of July Frosted Elfin, ‘Karner’ Melissa Blue, elapsed, I’d like to update that Butterfly Count report, I am currently and Persius Duskywing. Shrubby information. The map on page 3 is honored to serve on the editorial board heaths sustain Pink-edged Sulphur and reprinted from that article, with kind of the Journal of Insect Conservation. Hoary Elfin, while brushy oaks abound permission from the North American in Edwards’ Hairstreak. Ceanothus Butterfly Association (NABA). For Acknowledgments bushes (redroot and New Jersey scale, note that it is 1.5 miles on I am very grateful to the NABA tea) provide for the elusive Mottled Brockway Road between Bauer and chapter, the Southern Wisconsin Duskywing, and the trees support such Castle Mound roads. Butterfly Association, for their species as Eastern Pine Elfin and Sleepy Looking for butterflies in interest, in particular Ann Thering Duskywing. Wisconsin is particularly dicey in for editing, layout, web posting, Traversing these barrens is spring, but challenging season-long. encouragement, and patience. We relatively easy because of the open It’s a rare year when my co-researcher also greatly appreciate the agency and sparse vegetation on rather level Scott Swengel and I have a comfortable and private funders of portions of our topography. I’ve never encountered time getting all our field work in at the research surveys: Lois Almon Small poison ivy or much annoyance from right timing at all the sites we want Grants Research Program; Wisconsin mosquitoes, chiggers, or biting flies to check for their special butterflies. Department of Natural Resources; (except as noted below). But beware Many a time a perfect weather forecast U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Jed the abundant ticks! They come in from just the night before completely Bromfield and Henya Rachmiel; Mrs. two versions: small (wood ticks) and misportrays the dismal weather that Sandra McKibben; and Drs. William smaller (deer ticks). The latter have actually happens. It helps to have and Elsa Boyce. Most of all, I thank high infection rates of Lyme disease; some backup plans. If the weather is Scott Swengel for his enthusiasm, both kinds offer other tick-borne poor in one spot, it might be tenable encouragement, and partnership. illnesses too. The size and color of a somewhere else within reach that Between us, I really can’t tell where one skin mole, ticks gradually (and utterly day. On the other hand, perfectly fine person’s ideas and insights end and the painlessly) bite into your skin to suck butterfly weather sometimes occurs other’s begin. blood, especially by lurking in parts on days with dismal forecasts—all of your body you don’t even know just to keep us gambling about what Why is this area special? you have. If you do not arrive well might happen next! We appreciate During the last Ice Age, most of what apprised on how to cope with ticks, your understanding that on our field is now Jackson County in central be sure to consult the Department days, we are very busy completing Wisconsin barely escaped the glacier’s of Natural Resources (DNR) ranger formal butterfly monitoring surveys. If farthest advance. Nonetheless, the station on Highway 54 just west of the you see us, we greatly appreciate your effect of the nearby ice sheet was great, interstate (toward Black River Falls) for understanding that we need to continue via glacially generated sands deposited informational brochures. our surveys uninterrupted, as we never by wind and water. The modern- These butterfly accounts derive have enough time when the weather day consequence is dry and infertile from the barrens research my husband and timing are right! soil. Inhospitable to agriculture, Scott Swengel and I have conducted extensive areas remain as relatively here between April 13 and September About the author undeveloped land dedicated to forestry 6 since 1987. Our surveys, analyses, An enthusiast of butterflies since and recreation, but also abounding in and papers have especially focused on childhood, I became serious about fascinating butterflies. Frosted Elfin, ‘Karner’ Melissa Blue, them in the mid-1980s, with the These sandy areas support jack and Phlox Moth. But in our research, encouragement of ornithologist pine-oak barrens, a combination we’ve tried to cover adequately the Scott Swengel, whom I met then and of scattered trees, groves, and other barrens specialties of this subsequently married. Field partners brush amidst extensive prairie-like area, plus I’ve added more summary in bird and butterfly surveys ever vegetation. This diversity of flora offers information here on some other species since, we’ve studied prairie butterflies a smorgasbord of caterpillar food not particular to barrens but notable in seven states, as well as Wisconsin’s plants. Native grasses nourish an array to visiting butterfliers nonetheless. So barrens and bog butterflies. We’ve of skippers, from the spring-flying the butterfly abundances and flight The Beguiling Butterflies of the Jackson County Pine-Oak Barrens byAnn Swengel 1 periods I discuss are not idealized, but with Bauer Road (opposite the entrance track another 0.1 miles until you meet very much reflect what it’s like when to Wazee County Park), on the west up with a sandy, well-used ATV trail you can’t be here every day and can’t side of the road (no established trails). (beware of traffic). Turn right (west) pick your weather in this place of wild Stay within a quarter mile of Brockway and go about 0.2 miles up the hill. The climatic variation. Bright sunny heat Road to keep off private land. South ATV trail reaches West Castle Mound in mid-May can resemble a desert Brockway: Go 0.5 miles south on Road again, and you can loop back to summer day, or it may frost in late Brockway Road from Bauer Road, and your vehicle. Site A burned in spring June. Dangerous thunderstorms, after you cross the creek, park and then 1977; site B did not. Both sites have including tornadoes, are a distinct walk in along the sandy service road considerably forested over since we possibility. Remember that a vehicle to the west. Stay within a quarter mile started surveying here. furnishes shelter from lightning but of Brockway Road to keep off private Wildcat Road: At the junction danger during a tornado. For the land. West Bauer: This area is 0.75 of East Castle Mound and Wildcat latter, seek a basement or interior of a to 1.0 miles west of Brockway Road, on roads, also called Spangler-Wildcat reinforced building. the south side of Bauer. You may follow and Wildcat-Spangler roads, go either Since this article is restricted to the trace of an old dirt track (at the 1.0 to the Northeast quadrant or the barrens habitat, it does not reflect the mile distance) but it’s also interesting Southeast quadrant, and watch species’ overall abundance, or even to walk off-trail. Not marked on the for openings (no established trails). all the noteworthy species present, map but also of note in this complex is Beware nasty biting flies in summer. in the county. Minor changes in the Bauer cut: This is DNR property Northeast shows signs of past logging; topography lead to major changes in between Brockway and West Bauer southeast had signs of beaver. Both vegetation, from large patches of mesic sites. Be sure to be more than 0.5 miles sites have considerably forested over to wet deciduous forest to the most west of Brockway Road and do not go since we started surveying here, plus poorly drained areas, with extensive more than 0.25 miles south of Bauer the barrens vegetation in the Northeast sedge wetlands, noteworthy for their Road, in order to avoid trespassing on ditch has deteriorated. The Northwest associated skippers, and peatlands private property. Most of this parcel is quadrant has a roadside of barrens (sphagnum bogs), home to Bog relatively uncanopied, as the Christmas but at the south end (at Castle Mound Coppers and Jutta Arctics. Although trees formerly growing there were all Road), also some sedgy wetland. not the subject of this article, I provide cut down. But a sliver of barrens occurs Dike 17: From Highway 54, go 2 brief information on these two types of on the south end of this 0.25 x 0.25 miles south on North Settlement Road, wetlands. mile tract that had not been planted or from County Highway O at Millston, to Christmas trees. North Bauer wind mostly north on North Settlement Jackson County Barrens is public land for the entire mile of Road about 8 miles, then turn off to Sites frontage west from Brockway Road the west into the parking lot. A short Interstate (I-94) access to this area is at on the north side of Bauer Road, but trail leads to a wildlife viewing tower. two exits. From exit 116 (Highway 54 at relatively little lupine is there so we’ve The barrens habitat is on the slightly Black River Falls), go east on Highway spent little time there.
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