REPORT ON
THE RISK PREPAREDNESS WORKSHOP
BRANDBERG, NAMIBIA
FROM 19TH FEBRUARY TO 3TH MARCH 2016
Report submitted by the workshop Coordinators and Resource persons
Page 1 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. BACKGROUND TO THE RISK PREPAREDNESS WORKSHOP ...... 4 2. OBJECTIVES AND EXPECTED RESULTS ...... 5 3. PARTICIPATING COUNTRIES & PARTICIPANTS EXPECTATIONS ...... 5 4. TRAINING PREPARATION AND COORDINATION ...... 6 5. RESOURCE PERSONS AND COORDINATORS ...... 7 6. KEY MESSAGES IN THE WORKSHOP PRESENTATIONS AND FOLLOW UP DISCUSSIONS ...... 7 6.1 Introducing Key concepts and Principles for Disaster Risk Management of Cultural and Natural Heritage . 7 6.2 Presentations by participating Countries ...... 9 6.3 Understanding Climate change and Risks ...... 10 6.4 Problem tree analysis ...... 12 6.5 Invasive alien species ...... 15 6.6 Legislation and Stakeholder analysis ...... 16 6.7 Analyzing Risks and risk scenarios ...... 19 6.8 Geographical Information System and heritage management…………………………………………………24 8. FIELD WORK EXERCISE-RISK ASSESSMENT OF BRANDBERG NATIONAL HERITAGE SITE ...... 26 9. FINAL COUNTRY PRESENTATIONS ...... 28 10. COMMENTS/OBERVATIONS ON THE COUNTRY PRESENTATIONS BY DIRECTORS ...... 29 11. WORKSHOP RESULTS AND OUTCOMES ...... 30 11.1 Results...... 30 11.2 Outcomes ...... 31 12. SPECIFIC WORKSHOP RECOMMENDATIONS BY THE RESOURCE PERSONS AND COORDINATORS ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……..31 13. WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS RECOMMENDATIONS RELATED TO THE FOLLOW UP PHASE AND FUTURE TRAINING WORKSHOPS ...... 32 13.1 Pre-course ...... 32 13.2 During the workshop/Venue ...... 32 13.3 Course content: ...... 32 13.4 Field trip ...... 33 13.5 Follow-up programme ...... 33 14. FOLLOW-UP MECHANISM ...... 33 15. CLOSING CEREMONY ...... 34
Page 2 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. LIST OF TABLES, FIGURES AND ANNEXES
TABLES Table 1 Priority Climate related Hazards for participating Countries ...... 11 Table 2: Namibia-Stakeholder analysis for the Brandberg Mountain………………………………………………………49 Table 3: Namibia-Stakeholder analysis for Twyfelfontein ...... 50 Table 4: Namibia-Stakeholder analysis for the Namib sand-sea ...... 51 Table 5: South Africa-Stakeholder analysis for Robben Island ...... 52 Table 6: Malawi-Stakeholder analysis for Lake Malawi ...... 53 Table 7: Kenya- Stakeholder analysis for Fort Jesus ...... 54 Table 8: Ethiopia-Stakeholder analysis for Simien Mountains National Park ...... 57 Table 9: Tanzania-Stakeholders analysis on Kilwa Kisiwani and Songo mnara ...... 58 Table 10: Botswana- Stakeholder analysis on Okavango Delta ...... 62 Table 11: Action planning for the development of risk management plans ...……………………………..………..…….65
FIGURE Figure 1: Problem tree analysis ...... 14
ANNEXES Annex 1: Workshop Time Table ...... 36 Annex 2: List of participants ...... 39 Annex 3: Disaster risk plan outline ...... 45 Annex 4: Coordinators and Resource persons Biographies ...... 46 Annex 5: Stakeholder analysis ...... 49 Annex 6: Brandberg Mountain Field work Teams ...... 62 Annex 7: Risk Assessment forms ...... 63 Annex 8: Action planning for the development of risk management plans ...... 65 Annex 9: Abridged speeches during the closing ceremony ...... 68
Page 3 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We the resource persons, Coordinators and the participants to this workshop would like to thank:
The UNESCO World Heritage Centre, the African World Heritage Fund (AWHF), The Government of the Republic of Namibia, the National Heritage Council of Namibia (NHC), The Ministry of Education, Art and Culture of Namibia and Staff at Brandberg National Heritage site for the roles played in making the Anglophone Risk Preparedness Training Workshop a complete success.
We express gratitude and special thanks to the Norwegian Government, through the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Netherlands Funds-in-Trust to UNESCO, and the African World Heritage Fund, the Namibian Government, through the National Heritage Council of Namibia, for their financial support to the workshop.
Special thanks go to The African Union Commission through the Department of Social Affairs for participating in the workshop. The resource persons and the Coordinators also would like to appreciate the 19 participants for their attendance to this workshop. Their participation enriched discussions and provided insight into the various risks and disasters that threaten Africa’s world heritage properties.
We thank the Government of the Republic of Namibia for hosting this workshop.
1. BACKGROUND TO THE RISK PREPAREDNESS WORKSHOP World Heritage properties, as with all heritage properties, are exposed to natural and man- made disasters, which threaten their integrity and may compromise their values. The loss or deterioration of these outstanding properties would negatively impact the national and local communities, both for their cultural importance as a source of identity and of information on the past, and for their socio-economic value1.
Actually, due to the increasing pressures threatening heritage conservation, ranging from war and civil conflict, climate change and invasive species to poaching, infrastructure development and resource extraction, the Second Cycle of Periodic Reporting for the Africa region (2009-2011) called for increased capacity-building in dealing with risks and threats to heritage properties at both site-level and regional-level.
In this regard, the World Heritage Centre (WHC) and the African World Heritage Fund (AWHF) have initiated various actions for capacity building, networking and information sharing on the continent. One of the most robust programmes for the implementation of the Action Plan for World Heritage in the Africa Region was developed with financing from the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and in partnership with the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM). This programme considers the results
1 UNESCO (2009) Strengthening Disaster Risk Reduction
Page 4 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. of the previous initiatives for Disaster Risk Management at African World Heritage properties as well as activities linked to the UNESCO 1970 and 1954 Conventions.
2. OBJECTIVES AND EXPECTED RESULTS The training workshop aimed at promoting conservation in and around World Heritage Properties in Africa by increasing preparedness and reinforcing resilience to risks and threats caused by natural and human-induced factors using a commonly agreed framework for all partners.
The project comprises two phases: the introductory workshop and the follow-up phase during which the participants will develop and finalize the risk management plans for their site. This training project, a site specific, has the following objectives:
Build the capacity and awareness of heritage practitioners, disaster risk professionals and communities in developing integrated risk management plans to ensure sustainable protection and use of World Heritage properties in Africa.
Establish an African/international support network for risk management of cultural/natural heritage.
As results and after the 6 months follow-up, the project would lead to three main outcomes:
The participants have gained experience, knowledge and awareness in the various aspects of disaster risk management and preparedness of heritage properties.
The participating sites have developed risk resilience strategies;
A network for communication and professional exchange is established for heritage professionals and disaster risk professionals
3. PARTICIPATING COUNTRIES & PARTICIPANTS EXPECTATIONS The participating countries are members to the Convention for the protection of the world cultural and natural heritage sites and have not yet developed a Risk management plan for their properties. The countries include the following: Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa and Tanzania, which cover the following properties Okavango Delta, Simien National park, Fort Jesus, Lake Malawi, Namib sand-sea, Twyfelfontein, Robben Island, the ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani, Songo mnara respectively and Brandberg.
The participants expressed the following expectations regarding the workshop:
To learn and be aware of the risks affecting WHS in Africa so as to facilitate policy development under the African Union. To become an expert in assessing risks that affecting the WHS. To learn and share efforts/intentions of AU in protection of cultural and natural heritage. To learn experiences of how to prepare and implement risk management plans for WHS.
Page 5 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. To learn how to ensure that impacts of developments within WHS are properly managed for the sustainability of the properties. To learn how to identify tourism related risks on the WHS. To learn how to incorporate risks in the WHS management plans. To learn how to identify stakeholders in the management of WHS. To learn how to manage a mixed WHS. To learn how to manage the impacts of frequent Earthquakes. To learn tactics of Fire impact recovery. To understand climate change concept. To understand the approaches/strategies that have been used by other site management systems in planning, for experience sharing. To understand whether soil erosion and rock weathering are brought about by climate change
At the end of the workshop, about 95% of the participant's expectations were met.
4. TRAINING PREPARATION AND COORDINATION The workshop preparation and coordination were at two levels: regional and national level. At the regional level, the AWHF and the School of African Heritage (EPA) coordinated the process of constituting the team of resource persons and workshop coordinators. AWHF further coordinated course coordinators and resource persons on the formulation of the workshop schedule and the topics thereof and also coordinated and facilitated communication with State Parties in selecting participants for the course.
At the national level, AWHF collaborated with the National Heritage Council of Namibia (NHC) on the location for the workshop and the field activities that were to be undertaken. The NHC organized other logistics such as transportation of participants to and from the workshop venue.
The resource persons met prior to the commencement of the workshop to review and realign the workshop program and ensure that there is flow and connectivity in the concepts and tools to be delivered. This was in addition to the email correspondences before the travel to the workshop.
The Resource persons in collaboration with Coordinators reviewed progress of the workshop each day to assess the understanding and make the necessary adjustments.
Page 6 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. 5. RESOURCE PERSONS AND COORDINATORS The above team comprised of Messrs. Abdelhamid Salah and Richard Kapere as coordinators and at the same time Resource persons while, Alma Nankela, Maurina Runghen and Muyumbwa Ndiyoi were Assistant Resource Persons. [See Annex II]
6. KEY MESSAGES IN THE WORKSHOP PRESENTATIONS AND FOLLOW UP DISCUSSIONS
6.1 Introducing Key concepts and Principles for Disaster Risk Management of Cultural and Natural Heritage-Alma Nankela
Objectives
To understand basic principles, concepts and objectives of the Risk Management of cultural and natural heritage sites To identify, assess and monitor disaster risks at World Heritage properties; To emphasize that the key to an effective reduction of risks from disasters is advance planning and the building of a culture of prevention
Key areas highlighted in the presentation
World perspective on disaster risks Top key threats to Africa’s world heritage sites Mining and mineral exploitation, Poaching, logging and resources exploitation, Dam- building, water diversion and abstraction, Roads and infrastructure development, Poorly regulated tourism development, Human settlement, Climate change: ice melting and desertification, Natural phenomena, neglect and abandonment, Accidental loss, Lack of political will and leadership with practical examples of Africa’s world heritage properties in a affected to such threats. Criteria for placing world heritage properties on a world heritage danger list Examples of sites that have experienced disasters; Fire, earthquakes, civil wars and armed conflict as practical examples; Development and implementation of disaster risk management plans for heritage sites cannot be done by heritage professionals alone. There is a need to engage specialists and the sectors dealing with disaster; Definition of disaster, hazard, vulnerability, risk; risk assessment and manageability; Causes of disaster risks, examples of disaster risk and mitigation measures taken; Key principles of disaster risk management To prevent or reduce the negative impacts of disaster on World Heritage properties. It is primarily concerned with reducing risks to the heritage values embedded in the property (authenticity and / or integrity and sustainability), but also to human lives, physical assets and livelihoods.
Page 7 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Identifying various small and progressive factors may increase the vulnerability of heritage to hazards. The risks to cultural and natural heritage that DRM addresses may originate inside the property or in the surrounding environment. Therefore DRM has a significant role
to play in buffer zones of World Heritage properties. Aims and objectives of disaster risk management To assist the managers and management authorities of cultural and natural W. H. P to reduce the risks to these properties from natural and human made disasters, as emphasized by the World Heritage Committee; To illustrate the main principles of Disaster Risk Management (DRM) for heritage and a methodology to identify, assess and mitigate disaster risks; To demonstrate that heritage can play a positive role in reducing risks from disasters and so help to justify the conservation of W.H. P; To suggest how DRM plans for heritage properties can be integrated with national and regional disaster management strategies and plans; Traditional knowledge systems for Disaster Mitigation Risks Assessment and risks analysis processes How to identify and assess disaster risks and risk
Summary of the presentation After a presentation on key concepts, objectives and principles for disaster risk management of world heritage properties; an emphasis was made that both cultural and natural heritage properties are not spared from the world’s disasters due to an increase in the number of disasters around the world. Although heritage is usually not taken into account in global statistics concerning disaster risks, cultural and natural properties are increasingly affected by events which are less and less ‘natural’ in their dynamics, if not in their cause. The progressive loss of these properties as a result of floods, mudslides, fire, earthquakes, civil unrest and other hazards has become a major concern, partly because of the signify - cant role that heritage plays in contributing to social cohesion and sustainable development, particularly at times of stress. However, it was stressed that the worst consequences of natural and human-made disasters can be avoided or mitigated if all the heritage practitioners are prepared to act according to a well conceived disaster risk management plans, human and financial resources as well as when equipment are available. After all, building of a culture of prevention, at all levels, is one of the key elements for a successful disaster reduction strategy. Experience shows that reacting a posteriori, especially as far as heritage is concerned, is an increasingly ineffective way of responding to the needs of people and the world heritage properties affected by disasters. Furthermore, it was also crucial to raise awareness of the threats affecting Africa’s world heritage properties on the UNESCO danger list. All efforts must be made to reduce the risk such disasters cause to people and the heritage properties. It was also noted that there are always conflicts between built heritage conservation requirements and religious needs by communities. These conflicting interests are not just with communities, but also with other stakeholder institutions, including cases of overlap of heritage acts. An example was given of a conflict in one state party between the heritage act and the minerals act where one act would then override another in a conflict situation. Debate around
Page 8 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. these issues of conflict reached a conclusion that all stakeholders need to be involved in the process of heritage risk management and general conservation from the very beginning and at every stage. All relevant pieces of legislation remotely affecting heritage must be taken into consideration during risk management planning. The terms ‘participatory management’ and ‘integrated approach’ were stressed as the better approach. Participants acknowledged the need to value indigenous knowledge systems and approaches to heritage disaster risk management and the need to learn from the community instead of imposing new ideas. The relationship between the community and heritage practitioners came up as a very important part of the process. Communities need to be empowered and enabled to be part of the decision making processes involving their heritage, through activities such as capacity building workshops for the communities. To underline the importance of this, participants adopted a statement from the International Conference on ‘Living with World Heritage in Africa’ held in South Africa from the 26th-29th September 2012, for the African celebration of the 40th Anniversary of the World heritage Convention, which states: “Nothing for us without us, without us, you are against us”. It was observed that communities live with the heritage and are therefore the key custodians; the first available whenever there is a disaster and most affected in the event of the disaster.
6.2 Presentations by participating Countries The participating countries made presentation on the first day of the workshop highlighting the values and the risks faced by the properties. The participants were guided that as the workshop progresses, they’ll be required to evaluate their presentation against the concepts of risk management that were going to be shared as ultimately they would be required to prepared a risk Management plan for their sites. The first presentations were going to be used to assess grasping of the concepts by participants by comparing with the presentations at the end of the workshop.
Page 9 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016.
6.3 Understanding Climate change and Risks-Richard Kapere Africa faces challenges in managing and protecting its World Heritage. There are increasing threats to both cultural and natural heritage conservation from climate change among others. Global warming has increased the frequency of extreme weather events e.g. floods and droughts, which have caused considerable impacts on heritage conservation. Some of the sectors such as agriculture, human health, forests, water resources, and energy are potentially impacted by climate change hence creating pressure to cultural and natural heritage.
During the workshop, presentations and practical exercises on climate change were made with the following objectives for the participants:
To understand the concept of climate change and how it is related to the management of heritage sites To define climate change Risk, Hazard, Vulnerability, and Adaptive capacity To identify, prioritize and implement adaptation initiatives and be able to conduct climate change risk assessment through hazard analysis, and vulnerability analysis. To appreciate the process of Climate risk management To assess, identify and plan to implement climate change mitigation and adaptation activities within and outside heritage sites. To prepare for and address the impacts of climate change
The following broad topics on climate change were presented following the time table shown in annex 1:
1. Understanding climate change and Risk 2. Mechanisms by which climate change affects ecosystems and observed impacts 3. Strategies to encounter Impacts of Climate change
The climate change hazard, vulnerability, and manageability assessments in form of a practical were administered to the participants (Risk assessment forms Annex VII). Using the assessment results, priority climate change related hazards for each site were presented as follows
Page 10 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Table 1 Priority Climate related Hazards for participating Countries Country Name of Heritage site Type of Priority hazards (arranged in order of site first priority) Kenya Fort Jesus Cultural 1. Strong winds 2. Tourism 3. Salinity Tanzania Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Cultural 1. Illegal fishing Songo Mnara 2. Strong waves 3. Heavy rains 4. Fire 5. Human disease outbreak 6. Illegal mangrove cutting Botswana Okavango delta Natural 1. Invasive plants 2. Mining 3. Floods 4. Fuel load Malawi Lake Malawi National Park Natural 1. Population 2. Combustible materials 3. Waste management Ethiopia Lalibela Rock Hewn Church Cultural 1. Flammable materials 2. Unlimited tourism flows Ethiopia Siemens National Park Natural 1. Settlement 2. Fire Namibia Brandberg Mixed 1. Mining 2. Rainfall 3. Floods 4. Over extraction of water 5. Pollution 6. Fire 7. Tourism Namibia Namib sand sea Natural 1. Oil spill 2. Deforestation South Africa Robben island Cultural 1. Large diesel storage 2. High animal numbers 3. Limited access 4. Fires 5. Ex-political Prisoners 6. Buildings 7. Wind 8. Tourism
During the climate change presentations, the issue of environmental Impact Assessments was deeply discussed. Its Weaknesses and strengths in different countries were identified and a general recommendation was that special sessions should be arranged in upcoming capacity building workshops for participants to share experiences.
Page 11 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016.
6.4 Problem tree analysis- Maurina Soodin Runghen
Background
The problem tree is a management tool that is widely used to identify root causes of a problem so as to address each cause and thus define strategies according to priorities and the availability of resources. During my presentation, I explained the concept of cause and effect and its possible application in project and resource planning and in heritage management.
Objective
The objective of my lecture was to encourage the participants to think of issues and problems not as a big issue but as the result of many smaller ones. When the smaller issues are addressed separately, the main issue is automatically solved, or at least the extent of its effect is reduced. This approach also helps in prioritizing action depending on resources such as equipment and funding and staff. In the context of the present training, this tool can be used to better define hazards and identify the relationship between hazards and vulnerabilities so as to be able to better assess the risks at play. To this end, I showed the example of the problem tree I prepared for my Masters project. As we explored the tree, we also noted that different problems can have the same reason, so that by addressing these common reasons, one can start solving bigger ones. This will further guide prioritization of actions and resource management.
Practical
For the practical application of the lecture, the participants looked into the fictional case of a municipality which is trying to understand the reason why people coming to work from neighbouring villages arrive late. The town was accessible either through a motorway with tolls or through secondary toll free roads connecting the villages and the town. The construction of new roads on the outskirts of these villages was not possible because of the lakes next to the village borders.
The participants found that if the problem was not solved in the short and medium term, the big companies that were based in the town might move their headquarters elsewhere and this result in
Page 12 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. loss of income for the municipality, loss of jobs for the local people and a rise in the rate of crime and building dilapidation.
The participants were divided into three groups which looked into the problem in their own way and given the limited time they had. Although some of the reasons identified were common to the groups, some of the reasons given were highly influenced by the participants’ local context. The problem trees prepared by the participants are included at Annex 1.
Recommendations
It is recommended that the participants be encouraged to apply this technique for problem analysis in their final document. The final tree could be added as an annex to facilitate understanding of the issues addressed in the main document and the relationship between the hazards and vulnerabilities and risks. Furthermore, the problem tree might become a checklist for the participants who can then ensure that all hazards and vulnerabilities are addressed in the final Risk Preparedness Plan.
In fact, the tree, if prepared with proper reflection and consultation, can inform the risk assessment form introduced in the lectures by Mr Richard Kapere. Below are the results of the problem tree analysis by the three groups on the problem of “coming late to work”.
Page 13 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016.
Figure 1: Problem tree analysis
Page 14 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. 6.5 Invasive alien species-Muyumbwa Ndiyoi
Background
Invasive alien species are one of the major threats facing world heritage properties. The CBD recognizes the importance of invasive alien species as a global issue and calls on contracting parties to “prevent the introduction of, control or eradicate those alien species which threaten ecosystems, habitats and species” (Article 8(h)).
The objective of the presentation on IAS was
To create awareness on the threat of invasive species and on the need to take preventive measures to protect biodiversity in world heritage properties. Create awareness on the opportunities for funding and collaboration in the control of the same and To share experiences on the current control mechanisms being employed at the Mosi-oa- tunya/Victoria falls World Heritage site.
Key areas highlighted in the presentation
Risks [environmental, economic and social] posed by the IAS Pathways of IAS Methods of control being used at Mosi-oa-tunya/Victoria Falls Opportunity available under the CBD on the control of IAS through the RBIPM Project. The stages of formulating an IAS management plan An example of efforts to control IAS in Botswana’s Okavango
Observations/comments on the Management of Invasive alien species
a) Challenges are faced in a situation where the invasive alien species are part of the historical landscape. The deliberation felt that management of such properties must make a strategic decision in the context of sustainable development. The decision can be based on what would be the sustainable option after a cost and benefit analysis is done. If invasive species have high biodiversity, environmental and economic value in comparison to the indigenous species b) In situations where foreign species were introduced and do not pose a threat both now and in the future, then they are not invasive e.g the horses in Namib desert. The distinction was made between exotic species and invasive alien species. c) Considering the challenges in the control of IAS, are there no other ways the species can be put to good use such as animal fodder, or manure, of firewood? Efforts have been made in various countries and are still being made by some countries to explore viable options which create value on the IAS. However prevention through risk preparedness remains the best option.
Page 15 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Recommendation
. It is recommended that countries start taking preventive against invasive alien species before the problem gets out of hand. . Countries should take advantage of the GEF funds for invasive alien species under the CBD through the RBIPM project . Need for countries to share information on the works and challenges being faced to avoid re-inventing the wheel.
6.6 Legislation and Stakeholder analysis-Maurina Soodin Runghen & Alma Nankela
Background
Heritage management is a field that relies heavily on the collaboration of various parties to ensure successful protection, management and conservation of a heritage sites. Given that the listing of a national heritage site acknowledges the universal significance of the sites; the need for closer collaborations amongst the various local parties is even more crucial as the State Party is accountable to the international community, in fact, the whole of mankind through the World Heritage Committee and its advisory bodies for its actions.
For this session, two case studies from Mauritius and Namibia were provided to give an in-depth analysis of legislative bodies and stakeholders involved in the overall management and conservation of the heritage sites in each country.
Summary of the presentation
The sessions consisted of the presentation of the Mauritian case and led to discussions on the relationship between the constitution, policies, bills, laws, regulations and guidelines. The presentation also explained how the legislation can guide collaborations by clearly demarcating roles and facilitating allocation of resources. Following discussions, the participants came up with
Page 16 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. the definition of a stakeholder as being any one or institution which is affected by or which may affect a site. Based on this definition, a stakeholder analysis for the heritage management in Mauritius was presented to show that even the indirectly related stakeholders could have an impact on the management of the site and more especially in risk preparedness and disaster management for the site. Through the discussions, the different ways in which resources and responsibilities could be shared were also highlighted, as was the fact that an efficient collaboration framework could avoid duplication and isolation among stakeholders and thus promote better management of limited resources. While the Namibian case study provided an overview of all the international conventions that the country has ratified that are directly linked both to the protection and management of cultural and natural heritage properties as well as to the constitution, national legislations frameworks, policies and guidelines. The presentation provided comprehensive details of the roles and responsibilities of each convention, and how they are directly linked to the constitution, national legislations and policies of the protection of cultural and national heritage. With regards to the constitution of Republic of Namibia Article 144 deals with international laws where it states that the general rule of the public public international law and international agreements binding upon Namibia Under this Constitution Shall form part of the law of Namibia (2010:62) unless otherwise provided for by this Constitution Or Act Of Parliament. Following the comprehensive discussions on both international and national laws and policies, the presentation then shifted its focus on the stakeholder identification where Twyfelfontein was used as a practical example. Based on the Twyfelfontein, each role and responsibility of the stakeholder was clearly explained and their expectations within the framework of the disaster risk management affecting the world heritage properties. The presentation then explained how to identify the main team leaders within the stakeholders list and assign their roles during the three cycles of the disaster risk management.
Practical
The participants were requested to reflect on their own site and to identify the stakeholders of the site. They also listed the ways in which each stakeholder may be able to contribute. The level of detail achieved in the analysis of some participants reflects the extent to which they participate in or at least are aware of the various levels of collaborations which are already in place for the management of their respective sites and of disasters in general in their countries. The analyses of the participants are at Annex 1.
Comments/discussions
. Why can’t Namibia clean up the issue of ‘white lady’ if it is now corrected that the image was that for a ‘shaman’ (Medicine man). The academic records have now been corrected. The scene on the painting was that of hunting by the hunter gatherers. . Lack of coordination and collaboration should be regarded as the key challenge for Brandberg Mountain.
Page 17 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Recommendations
The stakeholder analysis is very important for the implementation of the plans to be prepared by the participants. However, to ensure that the stakeholders agree to the plan, they should be consulted and involved in the preparation of the document at the various stages of the preparation of the document.
It is therefore recommended that a table summarising the consultations held with the various stakeholders between March and September 2016 along with the outcomes of the consultations be included as an annex to the final document. Furthermore, the participants should be able to include the stakeholders’ responsibilities in their final implementation plan of action to ensure that the plan is realistic and has a greater chance of successful implementation.
The framework within which the collaborations will be occurring should also be demonstrated in the final document. This section should also reflect the frameworks already in place in their respective countries and those that are described in the management plans and other management / planning documents for the respective sites.
Page 18 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. 6.7 Analyzing Risks and Constructing Risk Scenarios-Abdelhamid Salah Risks related to disasters within heritage sites are a function of their vulnerability to different potential hazards. Strengthening disaster risk management for properties inscribed in the World Heritage List, therefore, is necessary to prevent and reduce damage from disasters and preserve their cultural and natural values, thus protecting an essential support for the social and economic well-being of their communities.
Three lectures were made with the aim of providing an overview of the various aspects of disaster risk management of cultural and natural heritage with illustrations on ‘Disaster’ and related terms and with the focus on ‘what is a Disaster - A Reality or a Construct?’ further various perspectives of Disaster – from techno-centric to socio-cultural approach were outlined.
The presentation also focused on the relationship of disasters and risks, risk factors as the resulting context of disasters and as products of hazards and vulnerability. The definition of hazards; various types of hazards (internal/external, slow/momentary) were outlined.
The definition of vulnerability; various types of vulnerability (physical, social, economic, attitudinal ...etc.); relationship of vulnerability to heritage as products as well as a process were also outlined.
Lecture one- Disaster Risk Assessment and Constructing Risk Scenarios:
The objective of the lectures:
The purpose of Risk Assessment for Heritage Sites. The different between Risk Assessment and Condition Assessment The possible causes of risks Introducing different impacts of disasters on heritage sites Introducing the value assessment of the heritage attributes and types of values Building risk scenarios according to the risk assessment Alternative risk scenarios as a tool for building the mitigation strategies
The lecture started with a brief discussion on why we need to do risk assessment and it concluded with 5 main reasons started with making an informed judgment on nature of risk to build up prioritizing actions for risk mitigation.
Possible causes of risk were highlighted and through the same possible hazards and vulnerabilities were analyzed using the risk equation. The most common hazards and the key variables were then listed. Based on the foregoing information, the integrated framework for risk assessment of culture heritage and degree of Potential Loss of Values associated with various attributes of the site was presented and discussed.
That led workshop to discuss the value assessment and the most common qualifiers for assessing values with some integrated examples.
Page 19 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. By this the participants were ready to constructing the risk scenarios with reflecting to indicators for risk evaluation for scenarios
Within the lecture the participants were asked to do 3 class exercises:
a) To do risk assessment by analyzing the hazards and vulnerabilities back to their sites. b) To do value assessment to their sites c) To construct the worst case scenario according to their risk assessment.
Second lecture: Disaster Risk Mitigation Strategies:
The objective of the lectures:
What is the mitigation Introduction to the strategic level of mitigation. Operational level of mitigation Developing options for mitigation of the selected Risk forecast
The lecture approaches the basic methods for mitigating risks. Eliminating the source of risk, act on the agent responsible of the risk or the impacted component and establish a barrier.
The three stages of agent control for preventing and mitigating the risks, as well as the types of mitigation starting from the policies, legislation to physical planning level, technical level and maintenance and monitoring system. With the confirmation of planning starting from the regional level reaching the collections or attributes level. Applying to some mitigation measures for earthquake and flood.
Third lecture: Emergency Preparedness:
The objectives:
Introduction for building strategic preparedness plan Key elements for strategic preparedness plan Introduction to the emergency supplies and equipment
Planning efforts to reduce the risk and consequences of disaster, also includes plans to prepare for response and recovery.
The using of singe systems, emergency resources and suppliers, introducing the key pointes of emergency supplies and equipment, forms and checklists and risk preparedness measures.
Fourth lecture: First Aid to Heritage in Complex Emergency
The objectives:
The definition of complex Emergency Safety intervention in emergency times To do emergency damage assessment
Page 20 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. To do emergency documentation To do emergency stabilization To do handling, packing, transportation and safe storage
The lecture present the framework for First Aid Actions, the lecture will discuss an open framework of action for providing first aid to heritage. Since emergencies are highly context specific, all other actions (except step one) mentioned below do not follow a particular sequence and can be tailored to the ground situation.
Step1. Context Analysis to be undertaken off-site. It involves recognizing the man-made or natural hazard in relation to the local context and its potential impact on heritage. This includes identifying pre-existing risk factors that might increase damage to heritage, potential safety and security risks
Step2. On-site Survey Following the situation analysis, on-site survey involves a first assessment of the damage, and the risks the affected heritage is exposed to that could lead to more damage and hamper recovery
Step3. Security and Stabilization Actions Based on the priorities identified, decisions can be made to secure or stabilize the endangered cultural heritage sites, buildings and collections. The actions comprising this step are only undertaken after the initial assessments have taken place.
Step4. Triage, Salvage and First Aid According to the vulnerability of the materials as well as the current situation of the process, the participants were able to do triage in the area of the action while using the available conservation materials for salvage and first aid to the objects.
Fifth Lecture: Evacuation:
Evacuation is a risk management strategy which may be used to mitigate the effects of an emergency or disaster on community / culture / natural heritage. So the lecture gave the approaches to the main tools to handle a successful evacuation as an immediate action as response to emergency situation or pre-warned evacuation. And how to set up an evacuation plane starting from assessing the current context till reallocate the objects in another safer location.
The objectives:
By the end of the lecture the participants will able to recognize when they can take the evacuation decision To assess the risks that can lead for evacuation To identify the priority for evacuation To recognize the work flow for evacuation Selecting and organizing another safe location.
Page 21 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Evacuation comprises packing, transportation and relocation of heritage objects to another temporary location. It involves systematic documentation and safe handling of objects/items during the evacuation from one location to another. With focusing on prioritize heritage materials for evacuation. And develop efficient tools for documentation, plan workflows for evacuation and creating temporary storage. The training emphasized on making the best use of available resources according to the best available materials and storage areas
This lecture also will cover what the possibilities are to evacuate collections when your institutions is threatened by (there is a warning period) or has already been affected by flood, fire, conflict situation, etc resulted in damage to the institutions and its collection. This session will let both participants and instructors exchange information on practices that have been effective in their own institutions.
6.8 Geographical Information System and heritage management- Maurina Soodin Runghen Background
Geographic Information System is a tool that can be very useful for heritage managers. It can allow the various stakeholders involved in the documentation, monitoring and management of large sites to connect any type of information to a geographic point or site so as to facilitate
Page 22 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. compilation and organization of information. The digital information can then easily be shared to guide decision making and ensure continuity. In the context of heritage management, the GIS can be very helpful since the various stakeholders can interact more easily and not only share information, but also customize the information to generate maps according to immediate needs in relatively short time.
Objective
The first session consisted of the presentation of the way in which GIS is being used by the Aapravasi Ghat Trust Fund for the management of the Aapravasi Ghat World Heritage Property Buffer Zone. They were shown how the following information related to each component of the site can be linked to the geographical location of that component: name, address, GPS coordinates, and photos from various stages of development, descriptions and value assessments, details of physical interventions, management and planning decisions and value assessment for different themes.
The participants were also shown how the buildings and structures in the World Heritage Property Buffer Zone were allocated unique identifier and how the same identifiers were connected with the information collected during documentation and used in the monitoring and management of the area. The participants were also shown how various thematic maps can be generated more easily using GIS to assist and guide decision-makers.
The second sessions focused on the possible use of GIS in the management of natural sites and how the method applied in the cultural context can be adapted to the natural sites.
Practical
The participants were requested to reflect on their own site and to identify the components of their respective sites base either on common management issues or on the result of the risk assessment table presented by Mr Kapere. At the end of this exercise, they presented rough sketches of their sites with zoning base primarily on land use and the type of activities that are carried out therein.
Recommendations
It is recommended that the application of the risk assessment methodology be applied while taking into account each component of the site, and not only those that are relate to the attributes of the site. Furthermore, it is also recommended that the participants submit their tables as annex to the final draft. This will ensure that the data collected during the preparation of the DRM Manual and the analysis thereof be also compatible for inclusion in a database in the future, if one is not already in place.
Given the financial constraints of the various bodies managing WHPs, it is also recommended that the AWHF should explore the possibility of developing a database for WHP in Africa. Similar initiatives have already been initiated by the European Union through the INSPIRE portal.
Page 23 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. It is also recommended that the management bodies of the WHPs be provided training in GIS. In order to ensure that the training is put into practice in the future, it is preferable that the training be given to staff who are instrumental in the data collection, analysis and/or compilation of reports. The training should be in two parts, namely one introductory part followed by a more advanced part. And the participants would need to demonstrate the application of the skills learnt during the first part before being invited to follow the second part.
To ensure a more efficient training, the staff should have prior knowledge of database management and design, but should also have fieldwork experience.
7. BRANDBERG NATIONAL HERITAGE SITE ON A TENTATIVE LIST: WHAT IT MEANS?—Alma Nankela
Background
Locally known as the Dâures ‘the burning mountain’ in Damara; the Brandberg heritage sites is located approximately 25km North West of the small village of Uis. The site was declared as a National Monument site in 1952. Brandberg has an exceptionally rich palaeo-archaeological heritage with a high concentration of prehistoric rock art (more than 50 000 paintings and 1000 sites alone). The two genres of rock art (engravings and paintings) are found in close association in the Brandberg and more than 120 archaeological sites have been recorded (Lenssen-Erz, 1997). Brandberg is endowed with a rich biological diversity, which represent 40% o of the mammal and reptile species and 10% of plant species recorded from Namibia. The 480 vascular plant species include 7 species endemic to the Brandberg and another 100 species endemic to Namibia, while the fauna includes 82 species of mammals, 128 species of birds, 86 species of reptiles, 5 species of amphibians, at least 89 species of spiders, and more than 2000 species of insects. More than 50% of the mammal, reptile, and amphibian species are endemic to Namibia, while more than 200 endemic insect species have been recorded from the Brandberg alone. Brandberg National Heritage site has been inscribed into UNESCO Tentative List on October 03rd 2002. The site was nominated under “mixed category” because of its “outstanding universal value" under the natural and cultural Criterions iii, iv, v, vi, vii, ix, x (7). The site has been in the tentative List for the past 14 years now, therefore, this session aims to discuss reasons why the site is still sitting under the Tentative List by outlining some of the challenges affecting its nomination into UNESCO world heritage list.
Objectives
1. To comprehends the Namibian heritage database and legislation 2. To understand the history of rock art research of Brandberg; 3. To identify challenges affecting its nomination into UNESCO world heritage list 14 years after 4. To prepare the participants for the Brandberg fieldwork
Page 24 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Key areas highlighted in the presentation
Background of the Namibia’s Internal Heritage Register: 62,000 figures found at more than 1200 sites around the country. Of the 8 proclaimed rock art sites, only 1 is inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site (Twyfelfontein) while 1 on the UNESCO Tentative List since 2002 (Brandberg Heritage Site)
Namibia’s principal sites of highest concentrations of rock art sites:
Brandberg, Erongo Mountains, Twyfelfontein and the Spitzkoppe national heritage sites.
Namibia’s rock art tradition: Hunter Gatherer and Herders and its chronology
Earliest researchers into the Brandberg Mountain
Challenges affecting the rock art research in Namibia
Mixed Category nominations’ because of its “OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE" under these criteria
Challenges affecting its nomination into UNESCO world heritage list
Insufficient site information/attributes
A complete absence of management and conservation Objectives
Lack of coordination & commitments among responsible parties
Practical and Fieldwork
1. Fieldwork: The participants were divided into three groups requested to reflect on the first week of the workshop and identify hazards, risks and vulnerabilities affecting Brandberg Mountain site; identify the associate value, within the site attributes; according to the risk assessment, to create a worse case scenario for the site and propose the mitigation measures for the possible risks. The analyses of the participants are at Annex 1.
2. Post Fieldwork: the participants were requested to reflect on their own site and to identify the hazards, risks and vulnerabilities affecting their site; identify the associate value, within the site attributes; according to the risk assessment, to create a worse case scenario for the site and propose the mitigation measures for the possible risks.
Discussion, comments and observations
Why are there no management systems for the site 14 years after its nomination into the UNESCO Tentative List
In what way do local people associate themselves with the site other than economic reasons?
Page 25 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Recommendation
It was highly recommended that there is a need for in-depth research on possible local values other than economic reasons.
8. FIELD WORK EXERCISE-RISK ASSESSMENT OF BRANDBERG NATIONAL HERITAGE SITE
The objective of the field exercise on Brandberg heritage site was twofold:
a) To assess the understanding and application of the concepts by the participants on an actual site; b) To generate new perspectives and additional information towards the nomination process of Brandberg National Heritage as a World Heritage Site.
Brandberg National Heritage site has been on the Tentative List since 2002. The Government of the Republic of Nambia through the National Heritage Council intends to move the process forward and have the site nominated as a World Heritage site. The NHC has been collecting information through additional research on the site in the last few years. Considering that the site was hosting the workshop, it was imperative that through the exercise additional information be generated towards the same. The information will be valuable in the formulation of protective measures for the site through a risk management plan.
The participants were divided into three groups as in shown in Appendix VI. The groups were tasked to
a) Identify the hazard, vulnerabilities and possible risks within and at the site, b) Identify the associate value within the site attributes c) According to the risk assessment, create a worst case scenario for the site, d) Propose the mitigation measures for the possible risks.
The first group was assigned to assess the Maack’s Shelter/White Lady rock painting site; the second group, the White giraffe rock painting and the third Jochmann’s Ward shelter. Presentations were made in plenary by the three groups and review comments were made by the resource persons and coordinators.
Page 26 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016.
Page 27 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. 9. FINAL COUNTRY PRESENTATIONS
The last two days of the workshop were dedicated for the participants to consolidate the application of knowledge and tools gained during the course on their initial presentations. The brief final presentation was a prelude to the Risk plans, the participants where to work on when they get back to their respective countries.
The presentation encompassed the following sections:
Identification of Hazards, Vulnerabilities and impacts on their sites Identification of attributes and associated values Prioritization of attributes Assessment of risks and ranking Scenario setting Mitigation strategies and preparedness measures
The presentations were commented on and reworked in readiness for final presentations before the Directors.
Page 28 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016.
10. COMMENTS/OBERVATIONS ON THE COUNTRY PRESENTATIONS BY DIRECTORS Directors of the institutions represented by the participants were accorded an opportunity to appreciate the knowledge and tools discussed during the course through country presentations. Below are some of the comments made by the Directors.
Comments on the first three presentations- Bostwana, Malawi, Ethiopia
The first three countries to present were Botswana, Malawi and Ethiopia and their presentations attracted the following comments and observations:
How is the management of the Okavango catchment organised with the neighbouring countries? Are the big farms upstream the catchment possibly influencing the growth of invasive species in the delta? Water abstraction is a risk for the Okavango Delta. Botswana should highlight these risks to the neighbours. What were the impact of the lodges on the delta resources How was Botswana and Ethiopia dealing with the issue of encroachment? Will marking of the boundary in the case of Malawi resolve the problem of conflicts with the communities? This has been the case during the colonial period. There is need to look beyond just marking the boundaries
Comments on the second three presentations-Ethiopia, Namibia sand sea and Namibia Brandberg
Under this segment Ethiopia and Namibia made the presentations on Lalibela Cultural Sites and Brandberg National Heritage site and Namib sand-sea respectively.
Shouldn’t we separate strategic risks from operational risks, certain risks are beyond what the site can handle while others are operational risks. Should an administrative failure be considered a risk
Page 29 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Regarding Brandberg, issue of artisanal mining or collecting fire wood helps Communities feel ownership of the site. If these are taken away from them, it alienates them from the site. We should endeavor to facilitate communities near or around the site earn some kind of livelihoods rather than limit them There seem to be a contradiction on preservation of heritage and charging fees to view the heritage even for sites that have very little investments. What is the difference between a Management plan and a Disaster Risk Management plan? Issues being presented can be handled in the management plan.
Comments on the final three presentations- Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa
The presentations from Kenya, Tanzania and South Africa attracted the following observations:
It is important that the Youths and the youth’s organizations are reflected as key stakeholders in the stakeholder matrix. The ex-political prisoners are slowly passing away and this is posing a threat to the Robben island narrative. Should this be considered as strategic risk or an operational one? It was felt that there was need for a succession plan.
11. WORKSHOP RESULTS AND OUTCOMES
Below are the results and outcomes of the workshop:
11.1 Results
The two weeks workshop achieved a number of results which include the following
a) Participants understood and appreciated the background, wider context and implication of the Risk-preparedness workshop, b) Participants appreciated the mandate and role of the AWHF within the context of the World Heritage Convention, c) The key concepts on risk-preparedness which consisted of threats, impacts, Hazards, Risks, Vulnerability were appreciated by the participants, d) The concept of climate change and its impacts on the heritage properties was understood, e) The threat of IAS within the context of Risks facing world Heritage properties was explained and appreciated by the participants, f) The need for an understanding of the prevailing legislation in the execution of a risk management plan was made. Without a clear understanding of the same and the mandate enshrined thereof, implementation of the risk plan can be impossible. g) The Risk management plan outline (Annex 2) was presented and discussed. It was indicated during the presentation that the plan shall be adaptable and not cast in stone.
Page 30 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. 11.2 Outcomes
The workshop achieved the following outcomes
i. Participants were able to engage in discussion and raise concerns within the context of what was presented ii. Participants were able to cite the various IAS species currently presenting challenges in their home countries and even share experiences on the same. iii. The participants were able to apply their understanding of ranking risks and hazard in the risk assessment matrix, iv. Participants were able to understand climate change impacts and how they can integrate climate change issues in the management of heritage sites.
12. SPECIFIC WORKSHOP RECOMMENDATIONS BY THE RESOURCE PERSONS AND COORDINATORS The following were the recommendations of the workshop:
1. It was recommended that the resource persons and workshop coordinators shall visit the sites during the follow-up period for the purpose of verification of issues before the final plans are submitted to AWHF. 2. It was recommended that AWHF should provide guidelines for applicants for the upcoming workshops so that participants with the required skills and knowledge and experience attend the course. 3. It was recommended that there should always be a pre-planning meeting of coordinators and resource persons at least a month earlier before the actual workshop takes place. 4. It was recommended that within the month of July 2016, Resource persons and coordinators have a face to face meeting to discuss the final draft Risk plans and agree on the steps that the countries should take to finalize them. 5. It was recommended that the topic of EIA should be part and partial of the next workshops for participants to share Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) experiences. 6. Climate change being a crosscutting subject and affecting both Natural and Cultural heritage sites, it was recommended to always be part and partial of future workshop programs. 7. It was recommended that since it seems to be more learning if the cultural site managers are separated from the Natural site managers, future workshops should aim at this separation during participants’ invitations.
Page 31 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. 13. WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS RECOMMENDATIONS RELATED TO THE FOLLOW UP PHASE AND FUTURE TRAINING WORKSHOPS
13.1 Pre-course a) Delivery of work shop related resource materials and other relevant information should be well in advance and preferably 3 weeks and specifically the invitation should be at least 5 weeks before the start of the workshop. b) The invitation should be specific to the kind of participant expected in general terms, to attend the workshop according to the objectives of the training workshop. c) The selection of the days for the travel and start of the workshops should be carefully done to avoid wastage of time and redundant days within the duration of the workshop period d) Clarity of the work expected from the participants before travel and during the workshop period should be enhanced e) The facilities offered at the chosen venue should be clearly explained to the expected participants in order for them to know other additions they wish to travel with.
13.2 During the workshop/Venue a) The decision to select the Training/workshop venue should be balanced between the participants’ expected social needs and the objectives of the workshop and expected outputs. b) The offer of facilities/basic requirements to the participants should be done in consultation with the expected participants.
13.3 Course content: a) Hands-on experience or Practical simulations of risk situations should be incorporated in the workshop program according to the relevant topics/modules b) The relevancy of the course contents within the workshop program should be carefully selected to benefit the participants while other support topics could be arranged independently such as GIS and others. c) There should be a balance between cultural and natural heritage in the delivery of the lectures to the participants and better still cultural and natural workshops could be held separately. d) Monitoring and evaluation training module should be developed and integrated in the future workshops
Page 32 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. 13.4 Field trip a) The program should provide for adequate field days and more time allocated at each field site to provide for more time observations. b) Detailed workshop program should be developed, distributed and efforts made to try and adhere to it during the workshop period.
13.5 Follow up program a) Emails should be used for communication between participants, Coordinators and Resource persons b) Adherence to the action plan after the workshop. c) Heritage site managers should continue to interact even after the workshop
14. FOLLOW UP MECHANISM After the two weeks workshop, participants will be required to work on the Disaster Risk management plan for their properties with the help of the resource persons. The participants will be required to submit quarterly reports to their supervisors allocated to them during the workshop highlighting activities and progress that would have been made or challenges that have been faced.
Communication and consultation between the supervisors and the participants will take place throughout the assignment period and will mainly be through email and in certain instances through mobile communication. In turn, the supervisors will communicate amongst themselves to provide concrete advice to the participants on his or her project through his/her allocated supervisor.
It is envisaged that visits to the respective properties shall be made to accord the resource persons and coordinators firsthand experience of the progress made or challenges being faced by the participants. This will give the resource persons and coordinators a good understanding and basis for making the relevant recommendation to the AWHF and the participants.
The resource person will be furnishing the AWHF with progress report quarterly resulting from the interaction with the participants. All things being equal, the resource persons will endeavour to ensure success in the formulation of a credible risk management plan for all participating countries.
Page 33 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. 15. CLOSING CEREMONY The workshop officially ended on Wednesday 2nd March 2016 through a ceremony graced by the Honourable Katrina-Himarwa M.P, Minister of Education, Arts and Culture of the Republic of Namibia. In the company of the Minister was the Deputy Minister of Education, Arts and Culture honourable Esther Anna Nghipondoka; the Governor of Erongo Region Honourable Kleophas Mutjivikua, the Director of the Africa World Heritage Fund Dr Webber Ndoro, the head of Culture-UNESCO Windhoek National Office Mr Boyson Ngondo and the Chairperson of the National Heritage Council of Namibia Mrs Esther Moombolah-Goagoses.
All in all, the delegation was happy for this workshop to have taken place in Namibia and Brandberg in particular. It was noted that this workshop was a blessing in that it was funded by Africans, participants drawn from Africa and experts drawn from Africa. It was therefore time for Africans to take charge of their heritage.
The Minister presented certificates to the Workshop coordinators and Resource persons and also to the Participants.
Some of the abridged speeches are in annex 7 below.
Page 34 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016.
Page 35 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Annex I: workshop time table
RISK PREPAREDENESS AT NATURAL AND CULTURAL WORLD HERITAGE PROPERTIES - Venue: Brandberg White lady Lodge, Namibia; Date: 19th February - 3rd March 2016; Workshop Programme
Week 1: 20 to 26 February 2016
Time Thursda Friday 19 Saturday 20 Sunda Monday 22 Tuesday 23 Wednesday 24 Thursday 25 Friday 26 y 18 Day 1 y 21 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 09:00-10:30 Lecture: Introduction to the - Participants’ Lecture: Strategies to Lecture: Lecture: Risk - Evacuation workshop: presentation encounter impacts of Invasive species management: risk - Case Study - Discussion climate change / management scenario on the - Welcoming and Dealing with the Museum of opening impacts of climate Case study on - Team work on Islamic Art, - Introductions change as World Victoria Falls values assessment, Cairo - Workshop logistics Heritage Site and on risk - - Group photo Managers. scenario Preparation meeting - Team (resource presentation persons and Abdelhamid Salah Richard Kapere coordinatio Rest Sayed - Discussion n team) day AbdelHamid Salah Sayed Arrivals Brief presentation on the - Presentation of of initiatives of the African group works: hazard resource Union regarding the identification and risk persons protection of world description and heritage. - Practical work: coordina Hazard & tion vulnerability / risk team assessment (team work) & manageability AbdelHamid Salah Erica Ndalikokule Angela Martins Richard Kapere Muyumbwa Ndiyoi Sayed 10:30-11:00 Health Break Health Break
Page 36 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. 11:00-12:30 Introduction to the Lecture: Understanding - Practical work on Discussion and Lecture: Use of GIS in - Arrivals of workshop: climate change and risk. Hazard & experience sharing - Mitigation risk disaster participants - Background, vulnerability / risk on invasive alien strategies management objectives and assessment (team species - Team work on expected outcomes work) mitigation - Participants - Group presentations expectations and discussion - Introduction to main concepts Maurina Nony Andriamirado / Richard Kapere Richard Kapere Muyumbwa Ndiyoi AbdelHamid Salah Soodin Abdelhamid Salah Sayed Sayed 12:30-14:00 Lunch break Lunch break 14:00-15:30 Lecture: Introduction Lecture: Mechanisms by Lecture: Problem Lecture: Legislation Lecture: Use of GIS in to the risk which climate change Planning tree / framework and Preparedness risk disaster management: affects ecosystems and situation analysis stakeholders strategies management objectives, key climate change observed analysis concepts and impacts: Case study: principles Namibia and Mauritius Maurina Soodin Alma Nankela Richard Kapere Maurina Soodin Maurina Soodin / AbdelHamid Salah Alma Nankela Sayed 15:30-16:00 Health break Health Break 16:00-17:00 - Participants’ Practical work: Hazard - Practical work on - Practical work on Introduction on Brandberg on presentation identification and risk problem planning tree stakeholders First Aid and the Tentative - Discussion description for each WHS (group work) identification Emergency List – what (team work) - Group presentation (team work) Response to does it mean? and discussion - Team cultural - presentation / natural Heritage Preparation - Discussion of the field Abdelhamid Salah Richard Kapere / Maurina Soodin / work Sayed / Alma Alma Nankela Richard Kapere Maurina Soodin / AbdelHamid Salah Alma Nankela Alma Nankela Sayed Nankela
Page 37 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Week 2: 27 February to 3 March 2016
Time Saturday 27 Sunday 28 Monday 29 Tuesday 1 Wednesday 2 Thursday Day 7 Day 8 Day 9 Day 10 Day 11 3 Day 12 09:00-10:30 - Presentation of the existing zoning - Presentation of the Disaster risk Formulation of through GIS regarding their values management plan outline recommendations
- Group work for a proposal of Richard Kapere Participants mitigation / response or - Team work on the final - Final presentations of preparedness for the visited site presentations: application of participants Field work acquired knowledge for each site and identify the activities to - Discussion (checklist for the develop the risk management participants) plans Participants/resource Rest day persons/Directors and Participants Participants representatives 10:30-11:00 Health Break 11:00-12:30 Group work for a proposal of Team work on the final - Final presentations of mitigation / response or presentations: prioritize the participants Departures preparedness for each component identified activities with the - Discussion of Brandberg site relevant stakeholders / timeframe / means Participants/resource Participants/Resource persons/Directors and persons/coordination Participants Participants representatives 12:30-14:00 team Lunch break 14:00-15:30 Group Group work for a proposal of - Presentations of team work Preparation for the closing discussions mitigation / response or - Discussion ceremony on preparedness for each component - Finalization of the participants’ Brandberg of Brandberg site final presentation Site case after the field Participants/Resource persons AWHF/NHC work Participants 15:30-16:00 Health Break 16:00-17:00 - Group presentation - Presentations of team work - Preparation for the closing - Discussion - Discussion ceremony - Finalization of the proposal for - Closing ceremony (18:00 pm) Brandberg site Participants AWHF/NHC AbdelHamid Salah Sayed / Richard Kapere
Page 38 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Annex 2: List of participants
PARTICIPANTS
Site Category Country Participant Contact details 1 Rock-Hewn Churches, Culture Ethiopia TADESSE BEYENE KASSAW [email protected] Lalibela Head of site Mobile: +251 922 627 698
&
Simien Mountains Nature MARU BIADGLEGN ENDALEW [email protected] National Park Chief Warden Office +251581170407 Mobile +251 918 731 742
2 Ruins of Kilwa Culture Tanzania REVOCATUS WEJJA BUGUMBA [email protected] Kisiwani and Songo Site manager [email protected] Mnara + 255 788 651 882
MERCY EXSON MBOGELAH [email protected] Conservative Officer +255 656 851 884
Page 39 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. 3 Fort Jesus Culture Kenya SAADUU HASHIM RASHID [email protected] Acting Principal Curator [email protected] P.O. Box 8241 80100 Mombasa, Kenya Mobile: +254 722 471176
ABDULSWAMADU ABDALLA ALI [email protected] Senior Engineering technologist P.O. Box 8241 80100 Mombasa, Kenya +254 722 677513
4 Robben Island Culture South SABELO SIPHO MADLALA [email protected] Africa Environment manager +27 73 442 1092
LINDA PENICELA [email protected] Property management Officer +27 74 758 7949 +27 21 409 5159
5 Lake Malawi National Nature Malawi ALEX BENSON CHUNGA [email protected] Park Park Manager, Department of National +265 999 92 10 32 Parks and Wildlife (DNPW)
Page 40 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. SAMUEL JOSEPH GAMA [email protected] Disaster Mitigation Officer, Department of +265 999673535 Disaster Management Affairs (DODMA) Emergency call: +265 888673535
6 Okavango Delta Nature Botswana MOSEPELE BELDA QUETINA [email protected] Maun Office [email protected] Department of Environmental Affairs P.O. Box 35 Maun Botswana +267 68 01234 TAPELA MILTON [email protected] Ag Principal curator PIBAG 017, Maun Botswana +267 73 529 723
7 Namib Sand Sea Nature Namibia RIAAN SOLOMON [email protected] World Heritage Site Chief Warden P.O. Box 3300 Windhoek, Ministry of Environment and Tourism Namibia +264 81 2527474 +264 61 284 2576
8 Twyfelfontein World Culture CHARMINE THANISES P.O. Box 158 Khorixas, UIS Heritage Site Tourist guide Namibia
ARTHUR BEZUIDENHOUT P.O. Box 302 Khorixas Tour Guide Namibia +264 81 720 4569
Page 41 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. 9 Brandberg National Mixed HELVI ELAGO [email protected] Heritage Site Regional heritage officer +264 81 286 5248 National Heritage Council of Namibia
MARTINUS ARESEB P.O. Box 27 Security UIS, Namibia +264 81 414 0641
ENNETHE JELLINAH EICHAS P.O. Box 27 Tour guide UIS, Namibia +264 981 236 541
Cll Ismael //Gaseb UIS, Namibia Daureb Daman Traditional Authority +264 81 649 2381
African Union Commission Ethiopia Angela Martins [email protected] Head of Culture, Social Affairs Department
Page 42 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. COORDINATION AND RESOURCE TEAM
Name Affiliation Country Contact details 1 AbdelHamid Salah Sayed Egyptian Heritage Rescue Foundation Egypt [email protected] (EHRF) Cell: + 20 122 4427512
2 Richard Kapere Climate Change Focal Point for Uganda Uganda [email protected] Wildlife Authority [email protected] +256772688875 +256754661298
3 Maurina Soodin Runghen Aapravasi Ghat Trust Fund Mauritius [email protected] +230 5 9835016
4 Nankela Alma Mekondjo National Heritage Council of Namibia Namibia [email protected] +351 911 891 553
5 Muyumbwa Ndiyoi National Heritage Conservation Zambia [email protected] Commission +260975112523
Page 43 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. 6 Erica Ndalikokule National Heritage Council of Namibia Namibia [email protected] +264 811280874
7 Nony Tiana Andriamirado African World Heritage Fund South Africa [email protected] +27 82 335 9492
Page 44 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Annex 3: Disaster risk plan outline KEY SECTIONS • Acknowledgement • Forward • Approval • Executive Summary • Definition of terms • Table of contents Chapter 1: Introduction • Objectives of the plan • History and description of the site (Climate/Location/past mgt/legal status/Maps/etc..) • Related Legislation (Policies, Laws and regulations) Chapter 2: Data and Information management • Data collection • Data analysis • Stakeholder Analysis • Existing Mitigation/Adaptation Measures Chapter 3: The Risk Plan • Risks assessment of the site (Hazards/Value/zoning/etc..) • Proposed Mitigation Measures (prevention/recovery/post assessment/etc…) • (Implementation & Financial plan)/(Action plan and Expected budget) Hazard:……………………….. Objective/output:………………………………….. (Proposed activity-Resp-Time frame-Est.cost) • Monitoring and Evaluation Chapter 4: Appendices Chapter 5: References
Page 45 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Annex 4: Coordinators and Resource persons Biographies Abdelhamid Salah (Coordinator and Resource Person):
Is the current Chairman of the Egyptian Heritage Rescue Foundation (EHRF) and also Supervisor of the Disaster Risk Assessment Unit in the Ministry of Antiquities. He is a Trainer on first aid and Risk Management for Cultural Heritage and Historic sites with ICCROM, ICORP and ICOMOS. He graduated from the Faculty of Archeology - Cairo University and has worked in wood and stone conservation in several projects till he became the general manager of the Arabian German Union for Conservation of Arts and Antiquities, then the training and capacity building unit manager in the Egyptian Earth Construction Association. At present he is managing the disaster risk assessment department in the Egyptian Ministry of Antiquities.
After the January 2011 revolution in Egypt and its negative impacts on the Egyptian Heritage, he applied to study First Aid for Cultural Heritage with the ICCROM – September 2011. As became aware about the importance of this knowledge, he decided to dedicate his goals to create the Egyptian Heritage Rescue Team by transferring what he studied in ICCROM to the Egyptians who are working in the Heritage Field. Through the technical support of ICCROM and the financial support of Prince Clause Fund and UNESCO he delivered 5 courses on first aid and Disaster Risk Management for cultural heritage to qualify 55 Egyptians from 8 cities and one course on Disaster Risk Mitigation and preparedness for Museums to qualify another 21 curators from 15 museums all over the Egypt to form the Egyptian Heritage Rescue Team. This team intervened to lead the rescue mission in the Museum of Islamic Arts after it was hit by bomb blasting in 24 January 2014 to save most of the displayed objects and stop any further damages.
Right now he is expected to deliver more courses to extend the team so as to cover each major city and each museum in Egypt. Also to prepare map risks to the cultural heritage in Egypt.
Abdel-Hamid has been teaching Disaster Risk Management and Emergency Response to Heritage in many regional and international course and workshops
Richard Kapere (Co-Coordinator and Resource Person):
Is a Forester by profession and works as conservation planning coordinator in Uganda Wildlife Authority. He holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Forestry and Master Degree in Business Administration. He brings along with him vast knowledge and experience in climate change and biodiversity conservation, local government biodiversity management setting, climate change negotiations, Community and Ecosystem based Climate Change Adaptation, Geographical information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing, Nature Conservation, Climate change adaptation and mitigation in the tourism
Page 46 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. sector, Environmentally Sound Design & Management for Small-Scale Activities, Business Planning for Protected Areas, Carbon Stocks Assessment.
Mr. Kapere is still a member of the Ugandan climate change negotiating team under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. He is also a member of the Uganda Wetlands Advisory group. He has served as a Board Member and Steering committee member on a number of projects including REDD+ redness strategy development for Uganda, climate change project funded by WWF among others. He is currently a member of the Uganda Standards Development Group (SDG) which is responsible for development of the responsible forestry management standards under the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), a process facilitated by Environmental Alert and has already developed the draft forestry management standards for Uganda which are now being tested. Mr. Kapere is also a member of the Uganda-Poverty Conservation Learning Group, a group which advocates for better and inclusive strategies to deliver conservation targets amid competing stakeholder interests.
Mr. Kapere has successfully led planning activities and planning teams for the last 12 years that have developed Strategic plans and Protected Area Management Plans which have guided Uganda Wildlife Authority to emerge as the most outstanding conservation agency in Uganda.
Mr. Kapere is contracted by Kyambogo University; a public University in Uganda to deliver Communication skills and Entrepreneurship skills lectures to undergraduate students undertaking various programs at the University.
Alma Nankela (Assistance Resource person)
Alma completed her Undergraduate Degree in History and Geography from the University of Namibia in 2008. Right after, she taught History and Geography at Delta Secondary School Windhoek in 2009. She earned her double Master’s degree in Archaeology from the University of Ferrara in Italy and the National Museum of Natural history in Paris, France in 2011 and is currently in her final year of Archaeology Ph.D from the same institutions. She joined the National Heritage Council of Namibia as a state Archaeologist since August 2011 a position she holds to date while heading the department of Archaeology and Heritage Research.
She has technical skills in many areas of archaeological research including rock art research i.e. assessments, surveys, documentations, monitoring, knowledge of professional procedures and operations in conducting rock art research, conservation plans for the rock art sites. Today, her responsibilities have grown to include commissioning research for all the archaeological resources in Namibia, carrying out regular periodic monitoring, assessment and surveys of all archaeological resources in Namibia and ensuring disseminations of archaeological research to the Namibia public. Furthermore, she is responsible for the carrying out quality conservation treatment activities in order to conserve archaeological resources in Namibia and developing as well as implementing heritage policies, standards and regulations in order to ensure sustainable utilizations and professional conservations of heritage resources in Namibia. Through
Page 47 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. her department Alma is moreover responsible for the heritage permit management system.
Maurina Soodin (Assistance Resource person)
I joined the Aapravasi Ghat Trust Fund after my graduation in English and History at the University of Mauritius in 2004 to assist Consultants in implementing the Aapravasi Ghat conservation / restoration project. After completing a Post Graduate Diploma in Museum and Heritage Studies from the Robben Island Museum, University of Cape Town and University of Western Cape in 2005, I assisted the Consultant in the preparation and implementation of the Management Plan which was submitted to the World Heritage Committee in 2006. Thereafter, I coordinated its implementation among the various institutions involved in the management of the Aapravasi Ghat World Heritage Property and its Buffer Zone.
As from 2008, I have been concentrating on the protection and monitoring of the Buffer Zone of the AG WHP. After the adoption of the planning document for the BZ in 2011, my duties were primarily centered around the application of the document. My tasks include providing information on the planning documents to the local stakeholders and overseeing the monitoring of the heritage component. I am also a member of the Technical Committee advising the local authority on the evaluation of development permit applications in the BZ.
My main objective is to work towards an integrated management of the BZ and promoting sustainable development in the area. To this end, I have started to work on the ArcGIS database of the Buffer Zone. Although the database is not designed yet, we have started to compile the information in a manner that would be compatible with ArcGIS while starting to use some of its tools to generate maps and report that easily be adapted to meet specific needs.
Between 2012 and 2013, I also worked as Head of the Technical Unit of the National Heritage Fund. My focus then was on the development of a more systematic approach to National Heritage Sites protection, documentation and monitoring while evaluating proposed works and advising on conserving/ rehabilitating heritage sites.
Muyumbwa ndiyoi (Assistance Resource person)
Is the Chief Natural Heritage Officer at the National Heritage Conservation Commission in Zambia in charge of the planning and management of Natural Heritage Sites. He has a Bachelor degree in Natural Resources Management and Master of Philosophy in Environmental Management focusing on Environmental Impact Assessment.
He has been involved in management planning for the Mosi-oa- tunya/Victoria falls for over 10years and has undertaken several impact assessments on developments at heritage sites. In 2014 he participated in
Page 48 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. the Risk-preparedness workshop held in South Africa. He has over 10 years working knowledge of the World heritage Convention and operational guidelines.
From 2007, he has been part of the research team working on the nomination file of the proposed barotse plains cultural landscape currently on the Tentative List.
He is a member of the transboundary Joint Technical Committee between Zambia and Zimbabwe over the management of the Mosi-oa-tunya/Victoria falls World Heritage Site. He is also a member of Zambia MAB Committee. He is currently the interim president of the ICOMOS chapter for Zambia.
Annex 5: Stakeholder Analysis
Table 2: Namibia-Stakeholder analysis for the Brandberg Mountain
Stakeholder Role / Responsibilities 1. National Heritage Council Preservation, Conservation, Promotion, financial support and capacity building. 2. Tsisab and Uibasen Protect, educating the community and conservancy conservation of the site 3. Damara traditional authority Easy access to the community, educating and conservation through the community. 4. Fire department To assist in the time of emergency in case of bush fire or manmade fire. 5. Tour operators Assisting with promotion, preservation and conservation of the site because it has economical value for both parties. 6. Village council Facilitating meetings with the community and educating the community. 7. Ministry of Safety and security To assist in apprehending those that disobeying the rules and regulation of the site. 8. Ministry of Environment and To assist with record keeping, conservation and tourism educating people about the fauna and floras found around the site. 9. Geological survey of To educate about the geology of the site and to Namibia keep record of the earthquake magnitude around the site and assist in training workers how to record the magnitude. 10. Ministry of Education, Art and To educate learners and students from around the Culture area and the whole of Namibia about the site by making site visit as part of the school curriculum. 11. Metrological Service of To provide record of climate change, e.g. rainfall Namibia within and around the area to assist in better
Page 49 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Stakeholder Role / Responsibilities planning for floods and heat wave in the area. 12. Ministry of Health and Social To assist in case of health emergency such as any services medical assistance needed at the site e.g. when hiking up the mountain accidents sometimes happen. 13. Road Authority To be informed when there are road constructions or on-going renovation so that we can inform our visitors accordingly. To ensure that the site is accessible by good roads. 14. NGO’s and CBO in Heritage To assist in the Promotion, preservation and or environmental conservation of the site 15. Business owner near the site To assist in the promotion, preservation and like Lodges conservation of the site 16. UNESCO To assess the management of the site and advise of good preservation measures. 17. UNESCO Africa group To assist and advise in the process of moving Brandberg from tentative list to World Heritage site
Table 3: Namibia-Stakeholder analysis for Twyfelfontein Stakeholder Role / Responsibilities 1. National Heritage Council Preservation, Conservation, Promotion, financial support and capacity building. 2. Uibasen conservancy Protect, educating the community and conservation of the site 3. ≠Aodaman Traditional authority Easy access to the community, educating and conservation through the community. 4. Fire department To assist in the time of emergency in case of bush fire or manmade fire. 5. Tour operators Assisting with promotion, preservation and conservation of the site because it has economical value for both parties. 6. Village council Facilitating meetings with the community and educating the community. 7. Ministry of Safety and security To assist in apprehending those that disobeying the rules and regulation of the site and illegal activities around the site. 8. Ministry of Environment and To assist with record keeping, conservation and tourism educating people about the faun and floras found around the site. 9. Geological survey of Namibia To educate about the geology of the site and to keep record of the seismic activities / earthquake
Page 50 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Stakeholder Role / Responsibilities magnitude around the site and assist in training workers how to record the magnitude. 10. Ministry of Education, Art and Financial obligations, to educate learners and students Culture from around the arear and the whole of Namibia about the site by making site visit as part of the school curriculum. 11. Metrological Service of Namibia To provide record of climate change, e.g. rainfall within and around the area to assist in better planning for floods and heat wave in the area. 12. Ministry of Health and Social To assist in case of medical emergency assistance services needed at the site. 13. Road Authority To be informed when there are road constructions or on-going renovation so that we can inform our visitors accordingly. To ensure that the site is accessible by good roads. 14. NGO’s and CBO in Heritage To assist in the Promotion, preservation and or environmental conservation of the site. 15. Business owner near the site To assist in the promotion, preservation and like Lodges conservation of the site. 16. UNESCO To evaluate the management of the site (being a World Heritage Site) and advise good preservation measures. 17. UNESCO Africa group To assist and advise on measure of how to sustain the site on the list to World Heritage site.
Table 4: Namibia-Stakeholder analysis for the Namib sand-sea Stakeholder Role / Responsibilities Primary Stakeholders 1. Namibia Wildlife Resorts Parastatal responsible for the Resort and tourism operations in the NNP 2. Topnaar Traditional Authority Representing the interests of the local community 3.Gobabeb Training and Research Canter Providing research and training in the NNP. Secondary Stakeholders 1. Roads Authority Managing the maintenance of the district roads in NNP 2. Kuiseb Basin Management Committee Protecting our Kuiseb River basin 3. NAMWATER Providing water to the Nation 4. NAMPOWER Providing power to the Nation 5. Municipality of Swakopmund Neighboring the NNP 6. Municipality of Walvisbay Neighboring the NNP
Page 51 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Stakeholder Role / Responsibilities 7. Neighboring Farmers and lodges Neighboring the NNP 8. Tour operators Operating in the NNP 9. Concessionaires Companies that have business rights in the NNP Mines operating in the NNP 1. Husab Mine Mine being constructed 2. Langer Heinricht Mine Operational mine 3. Bannerman Resources Mining license not started 4.Reptile Uranium Mining license not started Line Ministries 1. Ministry of Safety and Security Providing Law Enforcement 2. Ministry of Mines and Energy Controlling Mining activities 3. Ministry of Health and Social Services Controlling the social wellbeing 4. Ministry of Works and Transport Controlling our tender process and maintenance of GRN buildings. 5. Ministry of Agriculture Water and Forestry Control the farming practices and water extraction in the NNP 6. Ministry of Basic Education and Culture School in the park and heritage interest in the NNP
Table 5: South Africa-Stakeholder analysis for Robben Island
Stakeholder Role / Responsibilities Department of Arts and Culture - Oversight/ Funders RIM employees Employees RIM residents Part of the environment City of Cape Town - Municipality South African Police Services Disasters related violence and conflict/policing General public Interested parties Department of Public Works Custodian of the property South African Heritage Resources Agency (SAHRA) Competent Authority Armaments Corporation of South Africa (ARMSCOR) Interested party (WWII) Transnet (NPA) Navigation Infructure UNESCO Governing Body (oversight) ESKOM: KOEBERG NUCLEAR POWER Disasters related to Nuclear fallout from STATION Koeberg Power Station South African National Defense Force Disasters which threaten loss of life or injury Western Cape Government Health - Disasters which threaten loss of life or injury
Page 52 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Stakeholder Role / Responsibilities Provincial Hospitals in CTN South African Maritime Safety Authority Maritime disasters involving all vessels (own (SAMSA) and hired) Maritime disasters and disasters resulting in South African Police Services - Diving Unit evacuation of RIM University of Western Cape Mayibuye Archives Ex Political Prisoners Primary Stakeholders City of Cape Town - Disaster Risk Management Collaboration Disasters which threaten the natural environment and buffer zone of RIM/ Cape Nature oversight City of Cape Town - Fire and rescue Fire and rescue related disasters University of Cape Town Avifauna Department of Environmental Affairs - Oceans and Coasts Protection of Marine Environment Department of Agriculture, Forests and Fisheries Marine Living resource Act University of Stellenbosch Vegetation assessment SPCA Animal protection SANCCOB Marine birds rehab centre
Table 6: Malawi-Stakeholder analysis for Lake Malawi National Park Stakeholder Role / Responsibilities Academia Research Local communities Ownership of the sites Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation and Water Provision of piped water, management of Development fisheries Ministry of Lands, Housing and Urban Boundary demarcations, land allocation, Development topographic surveys Min of Health Sharing of disease out –break information Ministry of Natural resources, Energy and Climate change, early warning, weather Mining forecast/ prediction information sharing Office of the President and Cabinet (DoDMA) Policy direction, integration of DRM into the Heritage Site Management plans Ministry of Finance, Economic Planning and Budget allocation Development Ministry of Information and Tourism Informative, educative and tourism attraction policy and strategies Ministry of Defence Security support
Page 53 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Ministry of Transport and Public Works Road infrastructure development Lodge Owners and Tour operators Boosting the tourism industry Malawi Police Services Security support Ministry of Justice Legal framework direction
Table 7: Kenya- Stakeholder analysis for Fort Jesus Name Reason Benefit (positive & negative) Ministry of Heritage, Parent ministry- overall in General support and cooperation in all Culture & Sports charge of the National our activities - legally and financially Museums of Kenya support Ministry of Environment Collaborating ministry in To assist in environmental impact land use, environment assessment (EIA), advise on environment matters use and related issues Ministry of Education To include heritage issues Heritage programmes and activities in in the school curriculum in schools, colleges and universities all levels of education Ministry of Finance To provide funds, i.e. to For the last few years national budget consider and increase allocation for National Museums has national budget been declining, so need to collaborate so allocation to National funds allocation to be increased Museums of Kenya Ministry of Tourism To in cooperate heritage The ministry receives more budget sites in the country’s allocation from the government, hence tourism marketing hope to gain from its marketing activities strategy and also assists in funding heritage programmes Department of Marine & To collaborate in Department is better equipped in Fisheries protecting the sea buffer underwater activities, could assist in our zone and any marine ongoing underwater activities research/ activities Ministry of Interior & Recent terrorist attacks Ministry could assist in control of potential Immigration pose a security risk and terrorists visitors, as well as provide has affected number of security alerts tourists coming to our sites and country in general County Government of It’s the local county There has been tension with the county Mombasa government in charge of government wanting to take over all Mombasa Island where sites/museums in Mombasa. However, of our site is situated. Hence late we have been having discussions is a potential donor and with the Governor and various county partner in site activities ministers hence situation has improved.
Page 54 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Name Reason Benefit (positive & negative) County Minister of Immediate ministry to Potential donor and collaborators in Education assist in implementation educational programmes in Mombasa of programmes in educational institutions in Mombasa Country Minister of Culture Immediate ministry to Potential donor and collaborator in site assist in any activities in cultural/ heritage activities culture and heritage. Also the minister has showed interest to collaborate as has personally contacted our office County Minister of Needed in the planning Hope to collaborate so as to develop Infrastructure and Planning and protection of buffer and ensure implementation of by laws to zone i.e. Mombasa Old protect the buffer zone. Previous Town municipal government was not effective in this Mombasa County Governor Link between the county Present senator from the local area and government and the has showed interest in site’s conservation national government, hence could assist legally and in fund raising for the site MCA (Member of the The local representative The MCA has not been active in our site County Assembly) Old Town of the area to the county activities, even when invited. However government need to find a way to get his positive response, as could allocate funds from local county funds(LAPSET) to the site Mombasa & Coast Tourist Local association for the Through their collaboration, hopes to get Association (MCTA) hoteliers and hotel them to bring all tourists in their hotels to managers in coast visit our site too Kenta Association of Tour A local association of tour Through their collaboration, hope tp to Operators (KATO) operators/ tour get them to bring all their booked tourists companies visiting Mombasa to also tour our site Mombasa Old Town Immediate neighbours/ Hope by their participation in our site Community important stakeholders, activities, we could attract more visitors already have good and also their support to our site relationship Old Town Area Chief Representative of the To assist in enhancing security of the site national government at as with local police patrols the area the local level, also have
Page 55 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Name Reason Benefit (positive & negative) good relationship as collaborates with site very well Tourist Police In charge of ensuring Hope to develop closer relationship to safety and security of enhance security and safety of visitors tourists visiting Mombasa and staff. Also to assist in case of any disaster Friends of Fort Jesus (FFJ) A local association of Association assist in marketing our site, do citizens who are interest fund raising/ provide funds for site in heritage and activities as well as act as critic of our conservation issues site Fort Jesus Staff Crucial as in charge of They are primarily the site’s heart as site site conservation and day conservation, day to day activities to day activities- the site depends on the staff existence depends on their presence Youth and Women groups These groups exist in the They are core stakeholders and hope to area, and basically do work with them in developing economic income generating activities so community could benefit from projects and area tourism general cleaning and security Religious bodies (Christian Religious link with the Could assist in sharing knowledge, & Muslims) name of the site i.e. Jesus marketing of site to religious groups Business communities within They benefit by tourists Could work together on how to gain Mombasa Island visiting the site or region economically from the tourists, identify tourists needs Kenya Red Cross The official national first To collaborate to identify first aid aid provider in terms of needed in terms of a disaster, and could disasters assist our site Mombasa Fire Brigade The official region To collaborate of fire preparedness in agency in terms of fire our site, also what type of collections we disaster have so to know how to assist in case of a fire disaster Local universities To share research To gain on attacheé or internship students findings on heritage and who could assist our site in research and related matters, also to educational programmes include site visits in curriculum Local sea divers group To work together in terms To be the site’s help line in case of of drowning incidents at drowning cases as have the necessary
Page 56 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Name Reason Benefit (positive & negative) the sea front expertise and equipment UNESCO/AWHF/ICCROM Monitoring and guidance To gain collaboration and assistance in /WOLRD BANK & other as site is a world heritage terms of monitoring, capacity building, international bodies site conservation and funding
Table 8: Ethiopia-Stakeholder analysis for Simien Mountains National Park
Name Reason Prime Minister office +ve All developmental activities Ministry of culture & tourism The Park is under the minister support (university ,school ,curriculum )and Ministry of education others Family planning and local community Ministry of health health including visitor service Improve production and productivity of Ministry of agriculture local community to decrease pressure on the park Land certification & ownership certificate Ministry of land use & Administration and other land -ve installation of towers for television Ministry of transport & communication and mobile services In one way they use water sourced from the park for power production & Ministry of water, energy and irrigation irrigation and they cross power which result birds collision and visual pollution Protect the law and work for some Ministry of Justice representation of the government. Support in conservation and community NGO’s livelihood Promotion, support, Monitoring UNESCO &evaluation and other support Promotion, support, Monitoring AWHF &evaluation and other support -ve most create problems always need Ethiopian roads Authority park short cut and material production Federal revenue and custom Authority Specially importing goods &materials Increase tourist flow and facilitate Ethiopian airlines transport for stakeholder
Page 57 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Name Reason Tourist satisfaction and support the park Ethiopian Tours Association management Concerns all government and non Regional government government activities Representative of regional government at Zonal Administration Zonal level Representative of regional government at Woreda Administration worda level Grass root level administration of the Local government government Benefit from the property and support local community conservation , affects also negatively Give services to tourists and part of Community based organization conservation
Table 9: Tanzania-Stakeholders analysis on Kilwa Kisiwani and Songo Mnara Sn Stakeholder Responsibility Roles 1. Hamlet/ Village Primary owner of Support and volunteer in heritage and local community heritage tourism related activities Respect of their culture Participate in decision making Develop by-laws Ensure the local communities respect and adherence to existing legal frameworks 2 Village Council Administration of Convene meeting the village/ Select the ruins committee hamlet and Connect/ link between the local establishment of community and the site management by-laws Present the concern of the local The highest community village/hamlet decision making body 3. Religious leaders Islamic religion is Collaborate in heritage activities the dominant Communicate right information to their religion of the faithful believers area
Page 58 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Influence decision making Conflict resolution 4. Political leaders/ Leaders of the Assist in informing the community Party leaders community heritage issues Decision makers Include heritage and tourism related activities in their development plans Collaborate in promoting the heritage of the place 5. Tour guides Provide right Provide correct information to visitors information to Promote and publicize the Kilwa visitors Heritages Collaborate with the site management 6 Security officers Ensure security to Protection of heritage and visitors visitors and Train workers in security related matters property such as rescue operations Law enforcement 7. District Council Overall in charge Include heritage issues in their on district related development plans matters Participation and involvement heritage Decision makers management Enact laws and Approve the by- laws and Plans regulation Collection of revenue from tourism Approval of related activities District development plan 8 Tour operators Provide service to Involvement and participation in and hotel owners tourists promoting and marketing the heritages 9. Lindi Regional Advisor and Establish tourism infrastructure and District coordinator to Include heritage and tourism related Authorities the activities in their development plans implementation of Promote and develop tourism facilities various sector in and amenities in the region the region Provide security and safety to visitors Coordinators of (tourists) disaster Participate and approval of plans management in Provide backstopping expertise in the region infrastructure developments Coordinator of business
Page 59 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. development in the region 10 Business Services and Advocacy and marketing of kilwa community supplies Heritage providers to Employ the local community visitor and the Receive and communicate right communities information and feedback on heritage activities to visitors Provide friendly service to tourists Participate in decision making Organize themselves a group to advocate Kilwa heritages 11 Researchers Trainers and source of Provide additional information to the site right information provider and visitors to stakeholders Improving the archive and quality of staff and tour guides Respect of their profession and heritage 12 Media Communicator Advocate and publicize the heritage to and disseminator the general public of correct Respect and enhance good relationship information to the with the community public 13 Staff Managers Provide quality service to customers Service providers Involve and engage the stakeholders in to customer heritage related matters Train local community in heritage matters Monitor and evaluate the site 14 International Owners of the site Capacity building through financial and organization and on behalf of the training support institutions , international Site promotion and marketing UNESCO, WHC , community Site monitoring and evaluation AWHF and NGO Funders and such as WMF, Supporters CRAterre etc 15 Ministries and Coordinators and Ensure security at the site ministerial collaborators in Support heritage management and departments implementing development activities government Allocation of resources to cater for businesses community wellbeing Ensure their particular activities of their
Page 60 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. sectors are operational in the RKK and RSM 15.1 Tanzania Police, Responsible for ensuring Support in time of risks fire Brigades - security of citizens and Train local community in fire control Ministry of Home their properties affairs 15.2 Fisheries Responsible for capacity Ensure responsible tourism that protects Department, of the local governments the marine resources for the future Ministry of and private sectors, generation Fisheries and regulate and manage Livestock fisheries related activities 15.3 Kilwa Masoko Provision of skills and Training local communities basic skills in Folk Development knowledge to adult tourism related activities College- Ministry citizen that would enable of Education, them to be self employed Science, Technology and Vocational Training (MOETV) 15.4 Tourism Division, It is responsible for the Promotion and monitoring, Ministry of sectoral Policy, planning, Training of tour guides Natural Resources Research, manapower Supporting local community to develop and Tourism ,training , statistics, alternative tourists products and services lincensing and quality Ensure quality service provision by contro of tourist agents tourism sector 15.5 Forestry and Responsible of forestry Effective management of marine forests Beekeeping policy development and Training of local community in alternative Division, Ministry law enforcement livelihood provision activities such as of Natural beekeeping Resources and Tourism 15.6 Tanzania Ports Responsible for Improve and develop customer friendly Authority (TPA), developing and facilities for the RKK and RSM Ministry of managing seaport and Infrastructure lake ports in the country Development
Page 61 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Table 10: Botswana- Stakeholder analysis on Okavango Delta Stakeholders Role / Responsibilities OWMC implementation of the ODMP CBO’s Community resource management & beneficiation Traditional leaders The voice of the people including cultural values The district authority The government coordination in the district in resources management NGO’s Funding (human and financial) e.g. KCS, SAREP to complement Govt initiatives MEWT depts (Tourism, Wildlife, Technical input, data, information) Forestry, Meteorology) Dept of Mines All government Departments provide technical input for better understing of the property. Ministry of Agriculture Dept of Water Affairs Research Institutes Research data, publications, GIS, Database of the property. Transboundary level / OKACOM lobbying, MoU’s, discussions, agreements on the shared OKACOM basin (that includes the property management) UN agencies (Ramsar, UNESCO, Implementation of international agreements etc) International level – Conventions & MA’s
Annex 6: Brandberg Mountain Field work Teams Participants Country Group Facilitator 1. Mr. TADESSE BEYENE KASSAW Ethiopia 2. Ostrich Abdelhamid Salah 2. Mrs. LINDA PENICELA South Africa Cave and Ndiyoi 3. Ms. CHARMAINE THENISES Namibia Jochmann’s Alma 4. Ms. HELVI ELAGO Namibia Shelter 5. Mr. ALEX BENSON CHUNGA Malawi 6. ABDULSWAMADU ABDALLA ALI Kenya 1. Mr. MARU BIADGLEGN ENDALEW Ethiopia 3. The White Kapere 2. Mr. REVOCATUS WEJJA BUGUMBA Tanzania Giraffe Erica 3. Mr. TAPELA MILTON Botswana Shelter 4. Mr. AURTHUR BEZUIDENHOUT Namibia 5. Mr. MARTINUS CRESLEY ARESEB Namibia 6. Mr. SABELO SIPHO MADLALA South Africa 7. Mrs. MOSEPELE BELDA QUETINA Botswana
Page 62 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. 1. Ms. SAADUU HASHIM RASHID Kenya 1. White Maurina 2. Mr. SAMUEL GAMA Malawi Lady Nony 3. Mr. RIAAN SOLOMON Namibia 4. Mr. CLL ISMAEL GASEB Namibia 5. Ms. ENNETHE EICHAS Namibia 6. Ms. MERCY EXSON MBOGELAH Tanzania
Annex 7: Risk Assessment forms
Page 63 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016.
Page 64 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Annex 8: Action planning for the development of risk management plans Table 11: Action planning for the development of risk management plans
Main Activity Sub-Activity Timeline (2016) Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Brandberg Mountains (Namibia) Desk research Consultation - Approach NATCOM - Research at National Archives of Namibia and Geological Survey - Ministry of Environment and Tourism - Ministry of land and resettlement - Meteorological Service of Namibia Meetings - The stakeholder’s meeting - Field Visit Workshop - Drafting of Risk Management Plan (RMP) - Briefing: risks, mitigation, measures, solutions - Working groups report back on assigned tasks Review of the plan - Sharing of Draft Risk Management Plan for comments and feedback Finalization of plan Submission of the Plan to UNESCO and AWHF Namib Sand Sea (Namibia) Develop a terms of reference (MET) Appoint a project team Start consultations with stakeholders Field Work and Data Collection Analysis of Data Workshop with Stakeholders Develop first draft
Submit to stakeholders for feedback Develop final draft document Submit final document to the Africa World Heritage fund Robben Island (South Africa) Inception phase - Inception meeting - Client to provide input into initial planning of project - Discuss and confirm deliverables, timeline, deadlines and budgetary details - Inception report
Page 65 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Main Activity Sub-Activity Timeline (2016) Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Evaluation of the desktop, analysis and generation of stakeholder list: - Review of all documents, as well as legislative frameworks - Generate a stakeholder list, complete with contacts details - Consolidate and assess available information - Review stakeholder engagement to date Full and comprehensive disaster risk assessment: - Understanding current situation, assess needs, gaps, and conduct site work - Workshop with RIM Risk Committee to contextualize work to date - Hazard assessment, exposure assessment, vulnerability analysis, loss/impact analysis - Risk profiling and evaluation to identify cost-effective risk reduction option in terms of socio-economic, and its capacity for risk reduction - Formulate initial Draft Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) strategies and action plans that include setting priorities, allocating resources (financial or human) and initiating DRR programmes Facilitation of the workshop for stakeholders: - Prepare materials for stakeholders for the workshop - Plan and organize workshop with relevant stakeholders - Conduct a workshop with stakeholders to present and findings of the disaster risk assessment, and to obtain input and comments for stakeholders - After the workshop, a number of verification and ‘cleaning-up’ actions may be needed, including limited field visits, or further detailed consultation with particular entities - Disseminate minutes of workshops and discussions as aide memories Consolidation and develop Draft IDRMP (with stakeholders engagement): - Intensive technical inputs to integrate - Consolidate data and information from risk assessment and workshops - Compile draft IDRP for discussion - Integrate all actions from DRR and action plans - Submission of the 1st Draft IDRP to RIM and stakeholders for input and comments Facilitation of the training on the implementation of the IDRP to RIM officials: - Engage with RIM officials throughout the project process to facilitate training and a well embedded IDRP - Prepare materials to be available to RIM officials - Plan, organize and conduct a training on the key components of the IDRP - A training workshop report will be written
Page 66 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Main Activity Sub-Activity Timeline (2016) Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Final IDRMP and close-out reports: - Preparation of final IDRMP - Preparation of Closure report - Submission of final reports to RIM Lake Malawi National Park (Malawi) Submission of the workshop report and briefing the directors on the outcome of the workshop Call for a meeting to establish Inter-departmental/ organizational task force team for the development of the DRM plan for the Heritage site Call for a preliminary task force training workshop on the development of the first draft. Other issues during the training to include: Hazard identification/ mapping Scenario planning Circulation of the draft DRM plan to all stakeholders for comments Hold validation meeting on the draft DRM plan for the LMWHS Incorporation of the comments and input from the stakeholder validation meeting Draft DRM plan shared and sought for endorsement from Minister of Natural Resources Submission first country draft DRM plan for the Lake Malawi Heritage site to the Fort Jesus (Kenya) Discuss with NMK Management Risk Prep Plan Team Document Research Stakeholders meetings Fieldwork/ Data Collection Data analysis Compilation of Report Discussion of report Final report preparation Report to NMK Management Submission AWHF Simien Mountains National Park (Ethiopia) Report and orientation of about training to EWCA Establishment of teams Training workshop Field work Field Report & Data collection Discussion about report
Page 67 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. Main Activity Sub-Activity Timeline (2016) Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Monitoring/check Field report final Workshop Final report preparation Submission AWHF Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins Songo Mnara (Tanzania) Introduction of the Project to the Management Data collection ( desktop works and stakeholders meetings) Compilation of data collected Submission of the First draft to Stakeholders Approval of the Draft by MNRT Management Submission of the Final Draft to Stakeholder for approval Final Draft submission to AWHF Okavango Delta (Botswana) Develop proposal for funding & resources - Sign MoU, (ORI) - Transboundary agreements Strengthening (OKACOM, KCS) - Workshop for Traditional leaders & other Stakeholder workshop; - Kgotla meetings - Document process - Data analysis (research) - Plan exercise
Annex 9: Abridged speeches during the closing ceremony Welcome speech by Honourable Cleophas Mutjivikua- Governor of Erongo Region Director of Ceremonies Mrs Moombolah-Goagoses (also Chairperson of NHC) The Minister of Education, Arts and Culture Honourable Cde Katrina Hanse-Himarwa The Deputy Minister of Education, Arts and Culture Honourable Esther Nghipondoka Director of Africa World Heritage Fund Dr Webber Ndoro Director NHC Reverend April Representatives of Traditional Authorities All distinguished invited guests Members of the Media Ladies and Gentlemen All protocols observed I’m greatly honoured to be here and to welcome you all on behalf of the Governor Hon C. Mutjivikua, to this official closing ceremony of the Risk preparedness Training workshop. It is a
Page 68 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. momentous milestone for Erongo and another landmark in the rich history of Brandberg Heritage site. Training workshops of this nature are exceptional moments which needs to valued and cherished as precious knowledge is shared and networks and linkages are established. Directors of proceedings Ladies and gentlemen The Minister’s presence is proof of the importance the Government of the Republic of Namibia places on the empowerment of communities to safeguard our cultural heritage through education. This workshop should serve as a beacon for disaster preparedness, especially because of its importance to all heritage sites in Erongo region. Therefore thank you Honourable Minister for being with us tonight. At this juncture, allow me to sincerely welcome the representatives of the World Heritage Centre and the African World Heritage Fund and Partners for this noble initiative aimed at building capacity, enhancing knowledge and awareness on disaster risk preparedness and create platform for networking and information sharing on the mechanisms for protecting, conserving and managing world heritage properties like Brandberg Heritage site with its popular “white Lady” rock art. A warm welcome also to the Directors of Cultural and Natural Heritage institutions from the countries of the workshop participants, to the participants themselves and to all other partners present here tonight. Brandberg National Monument area was a befitting choice for this training workshop as it harbours one of the highest accumulations of rock art sites. It is the pride and of the current generation and an inheritance of our future generations. It was a splendid choice to have the workshop here. In conclusion, I once again welcome you all tour Mighty Erongo region and hope that you will enjoy the hospitally of our host, Brandberg Lodge, and panoramic view of the majestic Brandberg Mountain. Thank you!
Remarks by the UNESCO Representative, Windhoek National Office-Mr Boyson Ngondo Director of Ceremonies Mrs Moombolah-Goagoses (also Chairperson of NHC) The Minister of Education, Arts and Culture Honourable Cde Katrina Hanse-Himarwa The Deputy Minister of Education, Arts and Culture Honourable Esther Nghipondoka The Governor of Erongo Region Honourable Cleophas Mutjivikua Director of Africa World Heritage Fund Dr Webber Ndoro Director NHC Reverend April Directors of Heritage institutions Distinguished delegates from participating countries Members of the Media Ladies and Gentlemen It is my singular honour and privilege to address this esteemed gathering on behalf of Dr Jean- Pierre Ilboudo, Director and Representative of UNESCO to Namibia, who wanted to be with us but is on official mission outside Namibia. Ladies and Gentlemen,
Page 69 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. World heritage properties, as with all heritage properties, are exposed to natural and man- made disasters which threaten their integrity and may compromise their universal values. The loss or deterioration of these outstanding properties would negatively impact local and national communities, both for their cultural importance as a source of information on the past and a symbol of identity and for their socio-economic value. Recent studies have suggested that heritage in both its tangible and intangible form is not simply a passive entity exposed to potential damage in the event of a disaster, but has often a significant role to play in reducing the impact of disasters on lives, property, and livelihoods before, during and after the disasters. Moreover, Protecting heritage will safeguard a precious asset for the sustainable social and economic development of the region during the recovery stage, both for its capacity to attract investments (such as for tourism purposes) and as a source of renewable and sustainable natural resources (such as wood, fish etc). The importance of heritage as a source of employment should also not be underestimated. Despite this, many world heritage properties do not have any established policy, plan or process for managing i.e reducing risks associated with potential disasters. Existing national and local disaster preparedness and response mechanism usually do not include heritage expertise in their operations. As a result hundreds of sites are virtually defenseless with respect to potential disasters, and communities are not exploiting the full potential of their heritage both tangible and intangible for reducing disasters’ risk. Improving the management of risks for properties inscribed on the world heritage therefore is necessary to prevent and reduce damage from disasters and to preserve their cultural and natural values thus protecting an essential support for the social and economic well-being of their communities. The UNESCO World Heritage Centre is working together with States Parties to the 1972 Convention, Advisory Bodies and other partners, to develop policies and practical measures to address these challenges. These include the elaboration of Strategy for Reducing Risks from Disasters at World Heritage Properties, technical workshops and resource materials as well as international assistance to world heritage properties to prepare for or respond to disasters. Honourable minister, The various country presentations focused on stakeholders mapping, risk analysis, prioritization, vulnerability and hazards, as well as mitigation factors. I am happy to report to you honourable minister that the delegates demonstrated that indeed they have understood the content of this training workshop, I therefore, commend the resource team and facilitators for a job well done! Omake! In my view, this gathering could not have come at a better time than now. We recall that last year 2015, the global community agreed on 17 Sustainable Development Goals centred around concepts of sustainability, economic, social and environmental. At the same time, the world convened on a significant topic of climate change in Paris. The issue of climate change is therefore inevitable for heritage sites and iam happy that climate change featured prominently in the discussions of this gathering.
Page 70 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. In conclusion, on behalf of UNESCO, let me express our gratitude to the Honourable Minister and Deputy Minister for your presence and your support; Africaworld Heritage Fund, the partners and stakeholders, the resource team and the Brandberg White Lady team for hosting the delegates. I thank you for your kind attention!
Key note address by the Honourable Katrina Hanse-Himarwa- Minister of Education, Arts and Culture Director of Ceremony, Commissioners and Ambassadors, Directors, Traditional Authorities, Distinguished Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen, I am honoured and pleased to address you at this occasion of the official closing ceremony of the Regional Training Workshop of Risk Preparedness for Africa World Heritage Properties for Anglophone Countries. It is a fact that heritage of humanity has always been threatened not only by the ravages of time and natural disasters, but by several human interventions. Of the 39 sites on the List of World Heritage properties in Danger, 44% are in Africa. This high percentage reflects particular challenges facing the continent such as periodic civil unrest, wars, mining and mineral explorations, poaching, uncoordinated tourism, climate change, natural phenomena such as earthquakes as well as lack of political will and leadership. Ladies and Gentlemen, Namibia has its share of challenges; currently the country’s cultural heritage in Erongo and Kunene regions is under threat due to episodic seismic activities. This is further compounded by new dimension of climate change which is slowly causing worldwide transformation in both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Reacting in a timely manner to these challenges is the main geopolitical hurdle for us and for generations to come. The ability and readiness to react to disasters with preventive measures is a function of the disaster to be encountered, the perception of the disaster by the community and available technologies and traditional managements systems. This necessitates an intensified and accelerated flow of information among key stakeholders taking cognizant of the existing skills and technologies. Dear Participants, I am persuaded that the great deal of information generated during the two weeks period spent here in Brandberg has fully equipped you with the relevant knowledge to formulate implementable Disaster Risk Preparedness Management Plans which encompass disaster prevention, mitigation, response and recovery of affected resources. I implore you to utilize the knowledge acquired for the betterment of our heritage in our respective countries. Through the networks created in this workshop, endeavor to help one another through the exchange of disaster management experiences, information and best practices. Consider the networks as extremely significant as they will be of great help when in an emergency situation. Ladies and gentlemen, not only is our cultural heritage key to our national identity and well- being, but also is a major source of employment and economic activity through the attracting of foreign direct investment. A society that values its heritage is more successful and prosperous than that which does not and based on this fact am committed to supporting the heritage sector
Page 71 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016. through the creation of an enabling environment that facilitates access to the rich heritage, arts and culture of Namibia. Director of Ceremony, I will be failing in my duties if I do not take cognisant of key partners in the holding of this workshop and express my sincere gratitude for their efforts. I would like to express my gratitude to the National Heritage Council of Namibia for facilitating and helping in the organization of the training workshop; the AWHF and UNSECO WHC for support towards the improvement of the state of conservation of World Heritage properties; the Netherlands Funds-in- trust to UNESCO and the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs for funding this important project on Risk preparedness. I would also like to thank the moderators, facilitators and rapporteurs for their excellent contributions in all the sessions, for the lively discussions and informative and enlightening discussion and for mainstreaming the common concerns on how to address disasters holistically and emphasizing on hazard mapping, vulnerability assessment, and adoption of disaster risk management at all levels to reduce risks and vulnerabilities. Esteemed participants, I thank you for your active participation. We very much appreciate your active exchange of ideas and views on how we could effectively address and fill in the gaps in disaster reduction and response. With these few remarks, I declare this training workshop officially closed and wish you all an enjoyable and blessed evening and safe travel back to your respective countries. I thank you!
Submitted by
Abdelhamid Salah, Richard Kapere Muyumbwa ndiyoi, Nankela Alma Mekondjo, Maurina Soodin Runghen & Nony Andriamirado
Page 72 of 72 Risk preparedness Workshop Report – Brandberg, Namibia – 19th February-03rd March 2016.