United States Patent ['19] [11] 3,929,968 Taub I I [451 Dec

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

United States Patent ['19] [11] 3,929,968 Taub I I [451 Dec United States Patent ['19] [11] 3,929,968 Taub _ I I [451 Dec. 30, 1975 [54] DRY COLLECTION OF WASTE 3,785,119 l/l974 Mcllvaine ......................... .. 423/242 MATERIALS FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS [75] Inventor: Steven I. Taub, Claymont, Del. 510,415 4/1952 Belgium ............................ .. 423/242 [73] Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del. Primary Examiner-Oscar R. Vertiz Assistant Examiner—-Gregory A. Heller [22] Filed: on. 10, 1973 [21] Appl. No.: 405,054 [57] ABSTRACT The noxious components of hot, gaseous ef?uents, [52] U.S. Cl ................................ .. 423/242; 423/240 e.g., the ef?uent from an incinerator, can be elimi [51] Int. Cl.2 ........................................ .. C01B 17/00 nated by a process which does not require an aqueous [58] Field of Search .......................... .. 423/242-244, discharge. In the process the gaseous ef?uent is cooled 423/240, 241 in an evaporative cooler, particulates are then re moved in a baghouse or other dry collecting device, [56] References Cited the acid or basic gases in the effluent are then ab UNITED STATES PATENTS sorbed and converted to a salt solution or slurry in a 2,333,193 11/1943 Persson et al ..................... .. 423/242 scrubber, and the salt solution or slurry is recycled to 2,375,560 5/1945 Hutchinson et al . .. 423/242 the evaporative cooler. 3,343,908 9/1967 Wickert . .. 423/244 3,687,623 8/1972 Terrana et al. ................... .. 423/242 7 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures 3,929,968 1 2 DRY COLLECTION or WASTE-MATERIALS DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of an embodiment of the BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION process of the invention. The removal of undesirable components from the 5 FIG. 2 illustrates an alternate embodiment particu environment is of considerable importance to our soci larly designed for the recovery of a gaseous compo ety. Many industries and municipalities employ inciner nent, e.g., S0,, from the hot gas stream. ators to eliminate undesired organics, organo-metallic compounds, halogenated organics, etc. However, the DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION noxious materials formed as a result of incineration or The process of the invention is useful to treat any hot other hot gaseous processes must be eliminated by ?ue process gases, i.e., gases at temperatures above gas cleaning techniques. These techniques employ bag 250°—350°F., which contain particulate and gaseous filters, electrostatic precipitators, scrubbers, cyclones, acidic or basic pollutants. and packed beds to remove the particulate’ pollutants The particulates can be anything collectable by a dry from the flue gases and scrubbers to minimize the nox collector, e.g., dust, ?y ash, carbon, salts, metal oxides ious gaseous effluents. and the like. The ‘gaseous acidic pollutants include the A problem has arisen with respect to the use of scrub following acid gases, e.g., gases containing HCl, 80;, bers as a pollution control tool. The scrubber liquid HBr, N02, HNO3, HF, Cl2, Brz or P205. The gaseous blow-down can cause serious water pollution problems. gasic pollutants can include NH3, or metallic fumes If the scrubber effluent contains solid particulates, they 20 such as NaOH, Mg(OH )2 and the like. can be filtered and removed. Some metallic wastes may The process will now be explained with reference to settle out or they may be precipitated from solution by FIG. 1. q pH adjustment. However, these treatments are expen The hot process gas 1 containing the gaseous acidic sive and water discharge can become a problem when or basic components and the particulates is fed into an soluble salts or acids in addition to solids are entrained 25 evaporative cooler 2 wherein the gas is cooled to a in the scrubber effluent. temperature above the dew point, generally between SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 250° and l,0O0°F., preferably 400° and 450°F. The evaporative cooler acts to cool the hot gas and I have discovered a total waste disposal system which also evaporate the purge 3 of adjusted scrubbing solu will eliminate the usual problems caused with the use of tion from the scrubber 4. In operation the hot gases scrubbers to cleanse gases. entering the cooler entrain the liquid droplets and solid The process of the invention is useful for treating hot particulates in the purge and the liquid is evaporated. gas streams to eliminate undesirable components and The evaporative cooler could be a spray dryer or a gas involves the following steps: 1 cooler wherein the liquid is atomized by a rotating disc 'a. feeding a hot gas stream containing particulates 35 or a spray nozzle or other means. Some solids may and gaseous acidic or basic components into an evapo collect in the bottom of the cooler and they can be rative cooler wherein the gas is cooled to a temperature discharged at appropriate times as stream 18. above the dew point, generally between 250° and The operating conditions for the evaporative cooler 1,000°F.; ' ' > Y will vary depending upon the nature of the hot gas and b. feeding the cooled gas stream into a collection v40 purge‘ feeds. One critical feature is that the hot gas is means for the dry collection of the particulates present maintained at a temperature above the dew point. in the gas stream; It is important that the evaporative cooler be able to c. feeding the gas stream from step (b) into a scrub control outlet gas temperature very effectively. If it ber wherein the stream is contacted with an aqueous cannot, serious damage to process equipment down scrubbing solution to absorb the acidic or basic compo 45 stream of the cooler’ may occur. For example, if the nents, the scrubber will also remove any particulates process of the invention was to control the discharge of that passed through the collection means; a waste incinerator and a baghouse was chosen as the d. removing the scrubbed gas stream from the scrub particulate collection means, damage to the baghouse ‘oer; ’ could take place if the evaporative cooler is not able to e. adjusting the pH of the scrubbing solution by the 50 respond quickly to changes in burning rate, gas temper addition of sufficient salt forming chemical to form a ature, or both. If the temperature of the inlet gas stream salt, either water soluble or insoluble, with the ab~ were to suddenly drop and the evaporative cooler was sorbed acidic or basic component; and slow in responding, the baghouse bag ?lters could be f. feeding ‘the adjusted scrubbing solution or slurry come coated with mud. If the temperature were to containing the salt to the evaporative cooler where it is 55 increase suddenly, and the evaporative cooler was not combined and heated with the hot gas, the salt subse able to respond quickly, the bag filters in the baghouse quently being collected as a dry solid in the evaporative could be burned. For these: reasons, the evaporative cooler or the collection means of step (b), most or all of cooler must be capable of fast response. the salt being collected in means (b). , The cooled gas stream 5 leaving the cooler 2 contains Preferably, the process of the invention is used to the original gaseous acidic or basic components and treat hot, acidic gases and the salt produced is water essentially all of the particulates and also the salt, as a soluble. particulate, released by the evaporation of the adjusted The principal advantage of the process of the inven scrubbing solution 3. The cooled gas stream is fed into tion is that it does not involve any aqueous discharge, a dry collection means 6 wherein the particulates are i.e., the scrubber effluent is fed to the evaporative 65 removed. The dry collection means can be any of those cooler where the water vaporizes and theparticulates commercially used, i.e., a baghouse containing bag are collected as dry solids. Thus, the only non-gaseous filters, electrostatic precipitators, cyclones or packed discharge from the process is a dry solid. beds. This collection means will be operated in the 3,929,968 3 4 conventional manner. The solids collected in this fed into the evaporative cooler 2 as previously de means are discharged as stream 19. _ scribed. In the cooler the water in the purge 3 is vapor The essentially particulate free gas 7 is then fed into ized and the saltis collected in the bottom of the cooler a scrubber 4 wherein the water soluble acidic and basic 2 or the dry collector 6. components of the gas are absorbed in an aqueous In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, two alterna scrubbing solution. This scrubber will also collect any tives are employed. particulates that passed through the dry collection The recycling scrubbing solution 8 does not contain means. The operating conditions in the scrubber as to any s'alt former; the salt former 12 is added only to the temperatures, pressures and contact time will vary purge and in an amount sufficient to convert all the depending upon the makeup of the gas stream 7. How water soluble acidic or basic material present in the ever, these conditions will be conventional and appar purge into a ‘salt; however, if desired, an excess of salt ent to those skilled in the art. former can be employed. In the scrubber illustrated in FIG. 1, the gas 7 is fed Furthermore, this embodiment permits the recovery into the scrubber 4 wherein it flows either- countercur of gaseous components that are not absorbed by the rent, cocurrent or cross flow to the aqueous scrubbing 15 water in the scrubber, i.e., under most operating condi solution 8 which is fed into the scrubber.
Recommended publications
  • Electriq AC60E EVAPORATIVE COOLER with HUMIDIFIER User
    USER MANUAL EVAPORATIVE COOLER WITH HUMIDIFIER AC60E Thank you for choosing electriQ Please read this user manual before using this innovative Air Cooler and keep it safe for future reference. Visit our page www.electriQ.co.uk for our entire range of Intelligent Electricals CONTENTS SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 3 FEATURES AND OPERATION 4 PARTS LIST AND INSTALLATION 5 CONTROL PANEL AND SETTINGS 6 REMOTE CONTROL 7 CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE 7 TROUBLE SHOOTING 8 APPENDIX 8 Page 2 of 9 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS IMPORTANT! Carefully read the instructions before operating the unit This appliance is for indoor use only. Rating: This unit must only be connected to a 220-240 V / 50 Hz earthed outlet. Installation must be in accordance with regulations of the country where the unit is used. If you are in any doubt about the suitability of your electrical supply have it checked and, if necessary, modified by a qualified electrician. This air cooler has been tested and is safe to use. However, as with any electrical appliance - use it with care. Disconnect the appliance from the power socket before changing filters, dismantling, assembling or cleaning. Avoid touching any moving parts within the appliance. Never insert fingers, pencils or any other objects though the guard. This appliance is not intended for use by persons (including children) with reduced physical, sensory or mental capabilities. It is also not intended for use by those with a lack of experience and knowledge, unless they have been given supervision or instruction concerning the use of the appliance by a person responsible for their safety.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaporative Cooler Parts Accessories
    COOLER PUMPS DIAL CTN CTN MODEL CFM /GPH* VOLTS COLOR APPROVAL** P/N QTY WT RESIDENTIAL CONCENTRIC UL Classified Flame Retardant Motor Housing Heavy Duty Motor Auto Reset Thermal Overload Grounded 3 Prong Plug Low Level Pump 1150 UL5500 Premium Pump 5,500 / 240 115V Black UL/UЯ 12 24.5 1175 UL7500 Premium Pump 7,500 / 360 115V Blue UL/UЯ 12 27.9 1195 UL11000 Premium Pump 11,000 / 420 115V Green UL/UЯ 12 32.5 1279 UL7500-2 Premium Pump 7,500 / 360 230V Orange/Black UL/UЯ 6 14.1 1286 UL11000-2 Premium Pump 11,000 / 420 230V Orange/Black UL/UЯ 6 15.4 COMMERCIAL CONCENTRIC UL Classified & City of L.A. Approved Molded 3 Prong Plug Low Level Operation Auto Reset Thermal Overload Grounded Round SJT Power Cord Low Level Splash Protection Flame Retardant Motor Housing Extra Heavy Duty Motor 1414 UL7500LA Pump 7,500 / 375 115V Black UL/UЯ/ COLA 12 31.5 1424 UL11000LA Pump 11,000 / 440 115V Black UL/UЯ/ COLA 12 35.6 1428 UL7500-2LA Pump 7,500 / 375 230V Orange/Black UL/UЯ/ COLA 6 15.2 1429 UL11000-2LA Pump 11,000 / 440 230V Orange/Black UL/UЯ/ COLA 6 16.5 INDUSTRIAL CONCENTRIC Same features as Commercial Pumps 6 Ft Grounded Round SJT Power Cord Requires 5/8 Or 3/4 Inch I.D.Pump Hose 1387 UL15000LA Pump 12 to 21,000 / 505 115V Black UL/UЯ/ COLA 6 17.4 1400 UL25000LA Pump 15 to 25,000 / 580 115V Black UL/UЯ/ COLA 6 17.3 1396 UL15000-2LA Pump 12 to 21,000 / 505 230V Orange/Black UL/UЯ/ COLA 6 17.6 1402 UL25000-2LA Pump 15 to 25,000 / 580 230V Orange/Black UL/UЯ/ COLA 6 16.3 REPLACEMENT FOR MASTERCOOL®/ARCTIC CIRCLE® Replacement Pumps for Mastercool® (using 8” and 12” Media) and Arctic Circle® Coolers UL Classified Exceeds OEM Pump Performance and Longevity Includes Mesh Basket and Mounting Bracket 1442 MC8500UL Pump 4 to 8,500 / 360 115V Tan UL/UЯ 6 14.0 1443 MC8500-2UL Pump 4 to 8,500 / 360 230V Orange/Black UL/UЯ 6 14.5 *Gallons per hour flow rate at 1 foot head height.
    [Show full text]
  • Projected Benefits of New Residential Evaporative Cooling Systems: Progress Report #2
    Research Toward Zero Energy Homes October 2006 • NREL/TP-550-39342 Projected Benefits of New Residential Evaporative Cooling Systems: Progress Report #2 Chuck Kutscher and Mark Eastment National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden, Colorado Ed Hancock Mountain Energy Partnership Boulder, Colorado Paul Reeves Partnership for Resource Conservation Golden, Colorado ENT OF TM EN R E U.S. Department of Energy A R P G E Y D U A Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy N C I I Building Technologies Program T R E D E M ST A Bringing you a prosperous future where energy is clean, abundant, reliable, and affordable ATES OF Projected Benefits of New Technical Report NREL/TP-550-39342 Residential Evaporative Cooling October 2006 Systems: Progress Report #2 C. Kutscher and M. Eastment National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden, Colorado E. Hancock Mountain Energy Partnership Boulder, Colorado P. Reeves Partnership for Resource Conservation Golden, Colorado Prepared under Task No.BET6.8004 National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 303-275-3000 • www.nrel.gov Operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy by Midwest Research Institute • Battelle Contract No. DE-AC36-99-GO10337 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights.
    [Show full text]
  • Instruction Manual Evaporative Air Cooler
    Instruction Manual Evaporative Air Cooler It is important that you read these Model No. SF-610 instructions before using your new cooler and we strongly recommend that you keep in a safe place for future reference. CONTENTS A. PRODUCT INTRODUCTION ………………………………………2 B. BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF FEATURES ………………………….2 C. CONTROL PANEL AND PARTS IDENTIFICATION ………………3 D. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS AND FUNCTIONS ……………….4 E. CARE AND MAINTENANCE …………………………………………6 F. CAUTION ……………………………………………………………….7 G. TECHNICAL PARAMETER …………………………………………8 DEFECTIVE NOTICE …………………………………………………8 WARRANTY ……………………………………………………………9 1 A、PRODUCT INTRODUCTION The Evaporative Air Cooler is capable of providing various types of airflows: quiet and soft air like the spring breeze; fresh air simulating the Coastal breeze; cool, damp air like after a rainfall. The different type of airflows will accommodate your needs to provide a comfortable environment and reduce the heat of summer. The humidifying function will help keep your skin in good condition. The Ionizer feature cleans the air for a pure and clean breathing space. Thank you for purchasing SPT Evaporative Air Cooler. To have an in-depth understanding of the product and to ensure its proper usage, please read this instructions manual thoroughly, especially the relevant information marked Warning and Caution. B、BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF FEATURES 1. High quality computer-controlled system. 2. Mechanical and full function remote control operation. 3. Features humidifier, air filter and Ionizer. 4. The composition of filter, water curtain and ionizer produces fresher air. 5. Supplies moisture to the environment in dry climates. 6. 0.5 to 7.5-hour timer. 7. Ice compartment for extra cooling. 8. Oxygen Bar with Negative Ions: Negative ions have the effect of cleaning the air, providing you a clean healthy surrounding.
    [Show full text]
  • Experimental Measurements of VOC and Radon in Two Romanian Classrooms
    Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Energy Procedia 85 (2016) 288 – 294 Sustainable Solutions for Energy and Environment, EENVIRO - YRC 2015, 18-20 November 2015, Bucharest, Romania Experimental measurements of VOC and Radon in two Romanian classrooms Marian – Andrei Istratea*, Tiberiu Catalinaa, Alexandra Cucosb, Tiberius Dicub aFaculty of Engineering for Building Services, Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest, 66, Pache Protopopescu Blvd. Bucharest, 021414, Romania bFaculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fântânele Street, RO-400294, Cluj-Napoca, România Abstract The present study reports by experimental measurements the levels of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and radon concentrations in two high school classrooms. The difference between the two classrooms abbreviated as S7 and S8 is the presence of a mechanical ventilation system in one of them (S8). The topic is of high importance as the indoor air quality (IAQ) can affect the health and learning performance of the pupils. VOC and RADON have a substantial weight of IAQ and a study of theirs level can help us to better understand at what levels the children are exposed daily. The two mentioned classroom have suffered recently a massive renovation. The classroom with the ventilation system was mounted with variable flow of fresh air, while the other one relies only on natural ventilation by opening the windows. In S8 several test were done for different fresh air ventilation rates. The conclusions were that in the classroom S7 there were measured high levels of VOC and radon, higher than the maximum admissible which is a serious problem. On the other hand, in the classroom S8 for all the different air rates the values were very low, thus creating a healthy and comfortable environment for the learning process.
    [Show full text]
  • Modern Evaporative Coolers Not All Evaporative Coolers Are Created Equal
    Modern Evaporative Coolers Not all evaporative coolers are created equal. Modern machines operate more efficiently and with much less fuss than the old swamp coolers did. ADOBE ADOBE Here is an inside view (left) and an outside view (right) of a modern evaporative cooler by Adobe. by Larry Kinney dampers, also known as up ducts, in the fer the better comfort and fresh, clean ceilings of rooms on the top story. The air our systems give them. The $300 we ave Emmitt owns Direct Drive process is controlled by a multifunction save them on their utility bill each sum- Service, a company in Colorado thermostat that has the smarts to throttle mer just pays for a barbeque with 50 of Dthat specializes in efficient low- back the fan speed when the setpoint their closest friends.” mass boilers—and high-efficiency evap- temperature is about to be met, rinses Emmitt’s retrofit business is also doing orative coolers. We’re not talking swamp out the reservoir to keep water and air quite well. Colorado homeowners who coolers on the roof of a mobile home; clean, and partially automates much of have never had cooling systems generally Emmitt’s staff install coolers in the attics the end-of-season maintenance. tend to install conventional A/C of large, site-built homes. The coolers “We install modern evaporative systems—as do those who are pull in air from large gable vents, cool it cooler systems in new homes that cost disenchanted with their old swamp cool- by 30°F or so, and distribute it via several $2 million,”reports Emmitt.
    [Show full text]
  • 2,900 Cfm 3 Speed Evaporative Cooler
    Operating Instructions and Parts Manual Please read and save these instructions. Read through this owner’s manual carefully before using product. Protect yourself and others by observing all safety information, warnings, and cautions. Failure to comply with instructions could result in personal injury and/or damage to product or property. Please retain instructions for future reference. AZ39MA1 2,900 CFM 3 SPEED AZ39MB1 EVAPORATIVE COOLER FOR CUSTOMER SERVICE Technical Question? cool@arizonaaircoolers.com UNPACKING After unpacking the unit, inspect carefully for any damage that may have occurred during transit. Check for loose, missing, or damaged parts. If any damage is observed, a shipping damage claim must be filed with the carrier. Do not use the OEMTOOLS® 3 Speed Evaporative Cooler if broken, bent, cracked or damaged parts (including labels) are noted. Any evaporative cooler that appears damaged in any way, operates abnormally or is missing parts should be removed from service immediately. If you suspect that the evaporative cooler was subjected to shock load (a load that was dropped suddenly, unexpectedly, etc.) immediately discontinue use until it has been checked by a factory authorized service center. WARNING The following safety information is provided as a guideline to help you operate your 3 Speed Evaporative Cooler under the safest possible conditions. Any tool or piece of equipment can be potentially dangerous to use when safety or safe handling instructions are not known or not followed. The following safety instructions are to provide the user with the information necessary for safe use and operation. Please read and retain these instructions for the continued safe use of your tool.
    [Show full text]
  • Multistaged Indirect Evaporative Cooler Evaluation
    Prepared for the U.S. General Services Administration By National Renewable Energy Laboratory February 2014 Multistaged Indirect Evaporative Cooler Evaluation Jesse Dean Ian Metzger The Green Proving Ground program leverages GSA’s real estate portfolio to evaluate innovative sustainable building technologies and practices. Findings are used to support the development of GSA performance specifications and inform decision-making within GSA, other federal agencies, and the real estate industry. The program aims to drive innovation in environmental performance in federal buildings and help lead market transformation through deployment of new technologies. Disclaimer This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by its trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof or the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The work described in this report was funded by the U.S. General Services Administration under Contract No.
    [Show full text]
  • Three Methods to Evaluate the Use of Evaporative Cooling for Human Thermal Comfort
    Tecnologia/Technology THREE METHODS TO EVALUATE THE USE OF EVAPORATIVE COOLING FOR HUMAN THERMAL COMFORT J. R. Camargoa, ABSTRACT b C. D. Ebinuma , This paper presents three methods that can be used as reference for efficient and S. Cardosoa use of evaporative cooling systems, applying it, latter, to several Brazilian cities, characterized by different climates. Initially it presents the basic aUniversidade de Taubaté principles of direct and indirect evaporative cooling and defines the Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica effectiveness of the systems. Afterwards, it presents three methods that allows to determinate where the systems are more efficient. It concludes Rua Daniel Danelli, s/n that evaporative cooling systems have a very large potential to propitiate CEP. 12060-440, Taubaté, SP, Brasil thermal comfort and can still be used as an alternative to conventional bUniversidade do Estado de São Paulo systems in regions where the design wet bulb temperature is under 24ºC. Departamento de Energia Rua Ariberto Pereira da Cunha, 333 Keywords: Evaporative Cooling, Thermal Comfort, Air Conditioning CEP. 12500-000, Guaratinguetá, SP, Brasil rui@mec.unitau.br INTRODUCTION determinate where, when, how and what is the operational efficiency of these systems and, for this, Air conditioning is responsible for the increase three methods are presented in order to establish of the efficiency of the man in his job as well as for references, applied to several Brazilian cities, his comfort, mainly in warm periods along the year. characterized by different climates. Currently, the most used system is the mechanical The first method is based on Watt (1963) and vapor compression system.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaporative Cooler Selection Guide
    Evaporative Cooler Selection Guide An evaporative cooler produces effective cooling by combining a natural process - water evaporation - with a simple, reliable air-moving system. Fresh outside air is pulled through moist pads where it is cooled by evaporation and circulated through a house or building by a large blower. As this happens, the temperature of the outside air can be lowered as much as 30 degrees. Evaporative coolers can work wonderfully well, provided the outside air they are drawing in is dry and desert-like. As the humidity increases, however, the ability for them to cool the air effectively decreases. How to choose the right-sized evaporative cooler For a swamp cooler to effectively cool, it must be the proper size for the job. A small portable unit, for example, will not adequately cool a large-sized room. While the output Example- 1,500 square foot home, of air conditioners are rated in BTUs (British Thermal Units), evaporative coolers are with 8 ft. high ceilings: rated by CFMs (the cubic feet per minute of air that the cooler can blow into your 1,500 x 8 = 12,000 home). Whether it is for a single room or a whole house, there is a simple formula for 12,000 ÷ 2 = 6,000 CFM determining the proper size of swamp cooler you need. Figure the cubic feet of space you want to cool, and then divide that number by two. The quotient will give you the CFM rating for the proper-sized swamp cooler. Evaporative cooling for residential use is typically limited to lower humidity areas and works best when the dew point is less than 50°F.
    [Show full text]
  • Adaption of an Evaporative Desert Cooler Into a Liquid Desiccant Air Conditioner: Experimental and Numerical Analysis
    atmosphere Article Adaption of an Evaporative Desert Cooler into a Liquid Desiccant Air Conditioner: Experimental and Numerical Analysis Mustafa Jaradat *, Mohammad Al-Addous and Aiman Albatayneh Department of Energy Engineering; German Jordanian University, Amman Madaba Street, P.O. Box 35247, Amman 11180, Jordan; Mohammad.Addous@gju.edu.jo (M.A.-A.); aiman.albatayneh@gju.edu.jo (A.A.) * Correspondence: Mustafa.Jaradat@gju.edu.jo Received: 25 November 2019; Accepted: 25 December 2019; Published: 28 December 2019 Abstract: Desert coolers have attracted much attention as an alternative to mechanical air conditioning systems, as they are proving to be of lower initial cost and significantly lower operating cost. However, the uncontrolled increase in the moisture content of the supply air is still a great issue for indoor air quality and human thermal comfort concerns. This paper represents an experimental and numerical investigation of a modified desert air cooler into a liquid desiccant air conditioner (LDAC). An experimental setup was established to explore the supply air properties for an adapted commercial desert cooler. Several experiments were performed for air–water and air–desiccant as flow media, at several solutions to air mass ratios. Furthermore, the experimental results were compared with the result of a numerical simplified effectiveness model. The outcomes indicate a sharp reduction in the air humidity ratio by applying the desiccant solutions up to 5.57 g/kg and up to 4.15 g/kg, corresponding to dew point temperatures of 9.5 ◦C and 12.4 ◦C for LiCl and CaCl2, respectively. Additionally, the experimental and the numerical results concurred having shown the same pattern, with a maximal deviation of about 18% within the experimental uncertainties.
    [Show full text]
  • Selection, Efficient Irrigation, Use of Mulches, and Timely Maintenance
    City of Scottsdale Green Home Rating Checklist New Construction, Major Remodels & Additions September 2006 Release Plan Check # _____________ Building Permit # ______________ GB Total Points ___________ Project or Owner’s Name - _______________________________________________________ Project Address - _______________________________________________________________ Designer Name - _______________________________________________________________ Builder Name - _________________________________________________________________ Use this rating worksheet to qualify projects under the Green Building Program for one- and two-family dwellings and multiple single-family dwellings (townhouses and condominiums) not more than three stories in height with a separate means of egress (International Residential Code - IRC Section R101.2). All building system components, materials, and equipment must be installed per code and manufacturer’s instructions. Entry Level Advanced Level • Meet all mandatory measures and adjust rating for • Meet all mandatory measures and adjust rating for house size (p. 2 – 7). house size (p. 2 – 7). • Accumulate 50 - 99 points from the rating checklist • Accumulate 100 or more points from the rating (p. 8 –26). checklist (p. 8 – 26). Summary of Rating Categories 1. Site 6. Electrical Power, Lighting, Appliances 11. Interior Doors, Cabinetry, Trim 2. Structural Elements 7. Plumbing System 12. Flooring 3. Energy Rating/Performance 8. Roofing 13. Solid Waste 4. Thermal Envelope 9. Exterior Finishes 14. Innovative Design 5. Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning 10. Interior Finishes 1 rev. 3/16/07 Category a Mandatory Measures Verification Site 1. Protect all exterior entrances from direct summer sun exposures (east, west, south) Plan with recessed or covered elements. Review The use of shading strategies in these areas will reduce heat island effect and maintain a cooler transition between indoors and outside (i.e.
    [Show full text]