1-DCL Full Proposal.Pdf
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1 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION 1. THE CRP 5 SECTION 2. FLAGSHIP PROJECTS FLAGSHIP 1. PRIORITY SETTING & IMPACT ASSESSMENT 48 FLAGSHIP 2. PRE-BREEDING & TRAIT DISCOVERY 72 FLAGSHIP 3. VARIETY & HYBRID DEVELOPMENT 92 FLAGSHIP 4. INTEGRATED LAND, WATER & CROP MANAGEMENT 113 FLAGSHIP 5. IMPROVED RURAL LIVELIHOOD SYSTEMS 132 SECTION 3. ANNEXES ANNEX 3.1. PARTICIPATING PARTNERS BUDGETS 151 ANNEX 3.2. PARTNERSHIP STRATEGY 153 ANNEX 3.3. CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY 161 ANNEX 3.4. GENDER ANNEX 167 ANNEX 3.5. YOUTH STRATEGY 172 ANNEX 3.6. RESULTS BASED MANAGEMENT 177 ANNEX 3.7. LINKAGES WITH OTHER CRPS & SITE INTEGRATION 185 ANNEX 3.8. STAFFING OF MANAGEMENT TEAM & FLAGSHIP PROJECTS 212 ANNEX 3.9. INTELLECTUAL ASSETS MANAGEMENT PLAN 249 ANNEX 3.10. OPEN ACCESS & OPEN DATA 255 ANNEX 3.11. DCL ATLAS & COUNTRY DATA 262 ANNEX 3.12. SUMMARY OF ISPC COMMENTARIES & RESPONSES 281 ANNEX 3.13. JUSTIFICATION OF DCL CROPS 284 ANNEX 3.14. DIGITAL AGRICULTURE & ICT IN DCL 300 ABBREVIATIONS 306 2 FOREWORD The CGIAR Research Program (CRP) on Dryland Cereals and Legumes Agri-Food Systems (DCL AgriFood System or DCL) will contribute significantly to realize the goals laid out in the Strategic Results Framework. Through a broad partnership with seven GIAR Centers and numerous national and international collaborators DCL is uniquely positioned to serve the poorest in the drylands to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals before 2030. The twelve crops within DCL is a nutritionally dense basket of commodities critical for climate-smart agriculture and innovative food systems that deliver more nutrition per drop. DCL is focused on demand-driving innovation along the agri-food value chain that integrates with livestock and agroforestry to provide new economic opportunities, while improving the natural resource base and resilience in the drylands. Our focus is on smallholder farm families in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia where poverty levels are among the highest in the world, and the impact of climate change most acute. These challenges are exacerbated by weak institutions and policy environment to support equitable development; it is where challenges are the greatest that the best science, strategic partnerships and innovation systems need to be leveraged to improve livelihoods of the poorest, and ensure we all live within the ecological boundaries of the planet. What is new? DCL responds to the call for a “comprehensive new portfolio” by taking the best practices and experiences from the individual Grain Legumes, Dryland Cereals and Dryland Systems CRPs and bringing them together into a single integrated agri-food system portfolio of research for development. Using this innovative integrative approach, some of the primary goals of DCL are to: increase legume productivity, production and consumption; generate solutions for crop improvement, crop management, post-harvest technologies and market access to dryland cereal crops; and to create more prosperous and wealthy dryland communities, all within a sustainably managed environment. Contributions of grain legumes to nutrition, soil health and climate- change mitigation are realized through a coordinated effort for both dryland and humid-tropic geographies. This will facilitate cross-learning and a single window for integrating legumes into all cropping system CRPs. By expanding our partnerships on cash crops, livestock and agroforestry, we will ensure a more holistic approach to the improvement of livelihoods in the tropical drylands. DCL further aims to make a positive contribution to the lives of the youth, women, and men who depend on the mixed dryland agri-food systems of Africa and Asia. A gender and youth strategy within Flagship 1 ensures planning and implementation of gender-integrated research across all flagships, built on participatory research. This demand-driven approach to innovation will in turn ensure relevant scientific outputs and higher rates of adoption of farmer-preferred technology. Integration and feedback loops across flagships will inform research priorities, accelerate product development and delivery of socially, economically and environmentally sustainable solutions. Through innovations in value addition and service provision, we propose to create economic opportunities for rural women and youth to transform agriculture into a commercially attractive enterprise and engine for broad based economic development. A youth strategy built around Digital Agriculture will attract rural youth to a technology-driven agricultural sector, thereby enabling improved operational efficiency across the value chain, from farmers to marketers to processors to suppliers to consumers. New skills training and development courses combined with the Dryland Cereals and Grain Legumes global scholarship programs are key to the youth and gender strategy. Emerging private-sector partnerships in ICT and finance, for example, will open various avenues to support the Science of Delivery and accelerate development. 3 In order to manage this complex CRP, lessons learned in governance and management during the first phase from three component CRPs have been used to design a robust and representative management structure to deal with diverse perspectives to drive towards integrated and relevant solutions, while optimizing resources and time. Finally, a modern Monitoring and Evaluation system is conceived that allows real-time tracking of project implementation, budget utilization and output delivery to facilitate ongoing Results-Based Management and programmatic adjustment, to garner investor and stakeholder confidence. We see a modern Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning platform as a key component to ensure that the best science is performed, and the results are being disseminated in an impactful and transformative way into the hands of women and men who want to realize their full economic potential and contribute towards sustainable and nutritious agri-food systems. David Bergvinson Shoba Sivasankar Director General, Director, ICRISAT DCL AgriFood System 02 April 2016 4 SECTION 1: THE CRP 5 Title of CRP: DRYLAND CEREALS AND LEGUMES AGRI-FOOD SYSTEMS (DCL AGRIFOOD SYSTEM OR DCL) 1.1 RATIONALE AND SCOPE Overarching Case for the CRP Drylands cover roughly 40% of the world’s land area, and are most extensive in Africa and Asia1,2 (Fig 1). They are home to 2 billion people, with 50% of this population living in poverty, and 90% living in developing nations. Half of the inhabitants in the drylands depend directly on rainfed or irrigated farming and pastoralism. The semi- arid and sub-humid dryland regions include, respectively, 35 and 47% cultivated land, and 54 and 34% rangeland. Drylands thus provide much of the world’s grain and livestock3. The primary challenges of the drylands of developing nations are widespread poverty, hunger and malnutrition occurring together with water scarcity, land degradation and gender inequality4. The effects of climate change will lead to even more water scarcity and declining crop yields, leaving the people of these regions excessively vulnerable in the absence of appropriate risk management strategies. As a consequence, the dryland regions of the developing world are where the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the CGIAR Strategy and Results Framework (SRF) has the potential for the most impact for investment. The acute challenges of the system make committed long- term efforts critical for impact. Fig 1. Map of the Drylands The extent and importance of drylands in relation to the SLOs are indicated in Tables 1 and 24. Agricultural research efforts of the CGIAR have predominantly focused on the semi-arid and sub-humid regions that share the greatest proportion of the population, highest malnutrition rates and lowest levels of human well-being4. 6 The new SRF of the CGIAR recognizes the need for research investment in areas where the CGIAR has a competitive advantage in geographies which are poverty hotspots, and upholds agri-food system research as an effective investment to end poverty and hunger5. While the inherent complexity of the drylands requires an integrated systems approach, the immense diversity and magnitude of the issues and challenges call for a strategic approach with realistic prioritization for steady impact. Table 1. Global importance of the drylands4 Dryland Type Aridity index* Share of Share of global % Rangeland % Cultivated % Other (incl. global area population (%) urban) (%) Hyper-arid <0.05 6.6 1.7 97 0.6 3 Arid 0.05-0.20 10.6 4.1 87 7 6 Semi-arid 0.20-0.50 15.2 14.4 54 35 10 Sub -humid 0.50-0.65 8.7 15.3 34 47 20 Total 41.3 35.5 65 25 10 *Aridity index is a measure of the ratio between average annual precipitation and total annual potential evapotranspiration The CGIAR Research Program (CRP) on Dryland Cereals and Legumes Agri-Food System (DCL Agri-Food System or DCL) seeks to improve agricultural livelihoods in the semi-arid and sub-humid dryland regions of, primarily, sub- Saharan Africa (SSA) and South Asia (SA), using as anchor the important food, feed and fodder crops of these regions, and integrating the components of the prevailing human and agro-ecological systems. It focuses on the dryland cereal-legume mixtures of crop-livestock systems in the target regions as entry points for a system- based approach to improve whole-farm productivity that translates to food sufficiency, market opportunities and sustainable land management. DCL is therefore a commodity-based program that targets the dryland regions to deliver on the UN SDGs and the System-Level Outcomes (SLOs) of the SRF5. Table 2. Dimensions of the key dryland challenges by System Level Outcomes SLO1 SLO2 SLO3 Poor Under- Stunted Women of Degraded Affected Total loss people nourished children reproductive land area people of NPP to (mill.) people under 5 age with (mill. ha) (mill.) degradn (mill.) (mill.) anemia (%) (mill. T C/time) Global 1,033* 676 178 28 3,506 1,538 955 Total of all 1,044 666 172 32 1,691 1,347 632 CRPs target countries** Total for 523* 93% in 10-20% of dryland drylands? drylands areas *Poverty in USD 1.25 per capita per day, 2005 PPP in millions.