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The Expeditions ANTARKTIS XVIIII1-2 of the Research Vessel ,,Polarsternu in 2000

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The Expeditions ANTARKTIS XVIIII1-2 of the Research Vessel ,,Polarsternu in 2000 The Expeditions ANTARKTIS XVIIII1-2 of the Research Vessel ,,Polarsternu in 2000 Die Expeditionen ANTARKTIS XVIIII1-2 des Forschungsschiffes ,,Polarstern" 2000 Edited by / Herausgegeben von Victor Smetacek, Ulrich Bathmann, Saad EI Naggar with contributions of the participants I unter Mitarbeit der Fahrtteilnehmer Ber. Polarforsch. Meeresforsch. 400 (2001) ISSN 1618 - 31 93 ANTARKTIS XVIII/1 - 2 29. September 2000 - 3. Dezember 2000 KOORDINATOR/COORDINATOR Heinrich Miller ANT XVIII/1: Bremerhaven - Cape Town FAHRTLEITERICHIEF SCIENTIST Saad EI Naggar ANT XVIII/2: Cape Town - Cape Town FAHRTLEITERICHIEF SCIENTIST Victor Smetacek INHALTSVERZEICHNIS ICONTENTS FAHRTABSCHNITT ANT XVIII11 BREMERHAVEN . KAPSTADT (Fahrtleiter IChief Scientist: Saad EI Naggar) .............................................................................1 Reiseroute1 Ship's track .............................................................................................................. 3 A . Zusammenfassung ................................................................................................................. 4 A . Summary ................................................................................................................................. 5 B. Erprobung und Abnahme der neuen Installationen ............................................................... 7 B . Sea trial of the new installations ............................................................................................. 7 C . Forschungsprogramme/ Scientific Programme ..................................................................... 13 C.1 UV-B-Dosimetrie und Ozonverteilung von Bremerhaven bis Kapstadt........................ 13 C.2 Long term particle flux studies in the upwelling system off Cape Blanc Water sampling from the ships sea-water system.................................................................................. 18 C.3 Measurement of latitudinal distributions of tropospheric trace species by Off-Axis Scattered Light Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) .......................21 C.4 Atmospheric Deposition of Iron to the Atlantic and Surface Water lodine Speciation ....23 C.5 Preparations for CARUSO / EisenEx ............................................................................ 26 C.6 The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in eastern Atlantic Ocean surface waters .........26 C.7 Measurements of biogenic organohalogens and light alkyl nitrates in seawater and air ....................................................................................................................................... 27 C.8 Intercalibration for dissolved iron and distribution of surface iron in the Atlantic Ocean .31 C . 9 Latitudinal distribution of dissolved Fe in surface seawater ..........................................34 C.10 Measurement of dissolved iron concentration using the Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry ...................................................................................................................36 C.11 Dissolved iron determination in the surface waters of the Atlantic Ocean using flow injection with chemiluminescence detection.................................................................... 39 C.12 The influence of UV on Fe chemistry and peroxide formation in relation to Fe- availability for phytoplankton ........................................................................................41 C.13 A new Geographie Information System (GIS) .............................................................48 C.14 Ergänzunder Intranetseiten und Erstellung einer neuen Mail-Oberfache.................. 50 C.15 Wetterbericht ANTXVIII/I .............................................................................................51 D. Beteiligte Institutionen1 Participating lnstitutions 1ANT XVIIIII ............................................54 E. FahrtteilnehmerIParticipants/ ANT XVIIIII ............................................................................56 F. Ship's Crew/Schiffsbesatzung ANT XVIIIII .........................................................................57 FAHRTABSCHNITT ANT XVIIIl2 KAPSTADT . KAPSTADT (Fahrtleiter 1 Chief Scientist: Victor Smetacek)........................................................................... 58 1. Cruise Summary ...................................................................................................................58 2 . Meteorologische Bedingungen ..............................................................................................67 3 . SEAWIFS - DATA ................................................................................................................ 72 4 . SFÃmeasurements on Eisenex .............................................................................................76 5 . Helium (3He) Messung .........................................................................................................80 6 . The COz System and dissolved 02 in context of RKR proportions ....................................81 6.1 Total carbon dioxide (TC021.......................................................................................... 81 6.2 Dissolved oxygen........................................................................................................... 84 7 . Underway seawater pH and in situ pCOg rneasurements.................................................. 86 8 . Complex drawdown of carbon dioxide upon iron enrichment ............................................... 90 9 . Biogenic Trace Gases ........................................................................................................... 92 10. The physical setting of the Southern Ocean Iron Fertilisation Experiment ......................... 94 10.1 Underway Measurements of Currents with the Vessel-Mounted Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ...............................................................................................................97 10.2 Underway Measurements of Hydrographic and Biological Variables with the Towed Undulating Vehicle .Scanfish' ....................................................................................... "11 10.3 Hydrographie Station Work with CTD and Water Bottle Sarnpling ...........................107 10.4 Drift Buoys ..................................................................................................................120 10.5 Micro Structure Turbulence Profiling with the MST- Probe.......................................... 123 11 . Scanfish: Underway Measurernents of Hydrographie and Biological variables ...............131 12. Iron Fertilisation in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean........................................... 133 12.1 Size fractionation and chemistry of Fe during Fe fertilization experiment ..................... 133 12.2 Organic complexation of dissolved iron ......................................................................137 12.3 Effects of UV radiation on iron speciation and its availability for phytoplankton......... 139 12.4 Production of iron fertilizer batches in seawater ..........................................................145 12.5 Depletion of essential metals Zn, Mn, Co and Cd ......................................................148 13. Ferrous wheels in the ocean: The Southern Ocean Fairground........................................ 149 14. Phytoplankton responses to iron addition......................................................................... 159 14.1 Message in a bottle..................................................................................................... 159 14.2 Phytoplankton abundance and cellular properties during an iron fertilisation experirnent in the Southern Ocean ................................................................................................161 15. Carbohydrate rnetabolism of phytoplankton during an in situ iron enrichment................. 165 16. Phytoplankton cornposition and species abundance during EisenEx ..............................171 17. Phytoplankton distribution and taxon-specific growth rates during an iron fertilization experiment in the region of the Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone .............................................178 18. Molecular assessment of iron-limitation using flavodoxin/ferrodoxin assays ....................183 19. Bacterial responses to iron addition .................................................................................. 184 20 . Distribution of nutrients during the iron experiment (AWI) ................................................. 186 21 . Chlorophyll-a, particulate and dissolved organic matter, primary production and stable isotope cornposition of POM and phytoplankton over the Course of the iron fertilisation experiment........................................................................................................................ 191 22 . Prirnary Productivity and Photosynthetic Response of Phytoplankton to Iron Enrichment in the Southern Ocean......................................................................................................... 199 23 . The Contribution of Grazing by Microzooplankton during Ecosystem Response to Iron Enrichment in the Southern Ocean in Austral Spring .......................................................209 24 . Zooplankton work during ,, EISENEX"................................................................................ 215 25. Does Fe fertilisation enhance the export production as measured
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