Representative List Original: French CONVENTION FOR THE SAFEGUARDING OF THE INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE INTERGOVERNMENTAL COMMITTEE FOR THE SAFEGUARDING OF THE INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE Fifth session Kenya November 2010 NOMINATION FILE NO. 00392 FOR INSCRIPTION ON THE REPRESENTATIVE LIST OF THE INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE IN 2010 A. STATE(S) PARTY(IES) For multi-national nominations, States Parties should be listed in the order on which they have mutually agreed. Luxembourg B. NAME OF THE ELEMENT B.1. Name of the element in English or French This is the official name of the element that will appear in published material about the Representative List. It should be concise. Please do not exceed 200 characters, including spaces and punctuation. The name should be transcribed in Latin Unicode characters (Basic Latin, Latin-1 Supplement, Latin Extended-A or Latin Extended Additional). Hopping procession of Echternach B.2. Name of the element in the language and script of the community concerned, if applicable This is the official name of the element in the vernacular language corresponding to the official name in English or French (point B.1.). It should be concise. Please do not exceed 200 characters in Unicode (Latin or others), including spaces and punctuation. In Luxembourgish: Iechternacher Sprangprëssioun In German: Echternacher Springprozession LR10 – No. 00392 – page 1 In English: Hopping Procession In Dutch: Springprocessie B.3. Other name(s) of the element, if any In addition to the official name(s) of the element (B.1.) please mention alternate name(s), if any, by which the element is known, in Unicode characters (Latin or others). — C. CHARACTERISTIC OF THE ELEMENT C.1. Identification of the communities, groups or, if applicable, individuals concerned According to the 2003 Convention, intangible heritage can only be identified with reference to communities, groups or individuals that recognize it as part of their cultural heritage. Thus it is important to identify clearly one or several communities, groups or, if applicable, individuals concerned with the nominated element. The information provided should allow the Committee to identify the communities, groups or individuals concerned with an element, and should be mutually coherent with the information in sections 1 to 5 below. The hopping procession is connected above all with the town of Echternach, as well as the towns and parishes of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and beyond with a historical link to the old Abbey of Echternach and the veneration of St. Willibrord. There are also groups, notably youth and women’s groups, which occasionally participate in the procession, and some of these return regularly. There are also many individuals who take part out of religious conviction and others who, on this occasion, wish to demonstrate their involvement in a ritual that has been passed down from generation to generation. Note: It is difficult to classify all the participants, given that participation is open to everyone and registration is not required. Nonetheless, based on the organizers’ record of registered groups, there are many categories of participants. Annex I contains a detailed list of these groups, as well as a map showing their geographical distribution and the official list of participants, published in the media or distributed to spectators at the procession. The hopping procession involves, first and foremost, the inhabitants of Echternach, who remain faithful to their ancestral tradition and lend support to the organizers of the procession. They form specific groups (children, women and men), traditionally dressed in dark trousers/skirts and white shirts/blouses. Even those who have left the city still feel nostalgia for this festival, and sometimes return to take part in it. Many other Luxembourg townships also participate in the procession, including some accompanied by their own musical groups. There are also people from townships abroad (the Netherlands, Belgium and the Lower Rhine Saarland region in Germany) which came within the boundaries of the former Duchy of Luxembourg, and were dependent on the old Abbey of Echternach and/or had Saint Willibrord as their patron. Catholic women’s groups and especially youth groups (secondary and primary schools, Pax Christi, Scouts) are drawn to this special form of prayer. Participation in the procession (12,000 to 14,000 participants) is as follows: − Groups of singers who chant the litanies of St Willibrord. − Participants who say their rosaries. They come mainly for the pilgrimage with their deanery, their parish or on organized pilgrimages. − Musicians mainly from the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg especially, but also from neighbouring towns in Germany. In addition to brass bands, there are groups created especially for this procession, including some playing the violin, the accordion, the mandolin, the flute and the guitar. − Dancers who gather by their Luxembourg, German, Belgian or Dutch parishes, or LR10 – No. 00392 – page 2 organized in women’s and youth groups. On some occasions, groups of the blind or the deaf-mute have participated in the procession. − Representatives of the lay and regular clergy (about twenty bishops and abbots), the Grand Duchy police and the Echternach firemen. C.2. Geographic location and range of the element and location of the communities, groups or, if applicable, individuals concerned This section should identify the range of distribution of the element, indicating if possible the geographic locations in which it is centred. If related elements are practiced in neighbouring areas, please so indicate. The hopping procession takes place in the town of Echternach, the oldest in the country, and always follows the same route through the medieval streets of the town centre. It leaves the main courtyard of the old abbey, heads towards the bridge of the Sauer (Sure) river, which forms the border with Germany, and arrives at the Place du Marché (Market Square) by way of rue de la Sûre and rue de la Montagne. The procession then moves on towards the basilica by way of the rue de la Gare and the rue des Merciers. It ends in the church, where the dancers go into the crypt and to St Willibrord’s tomb. C.3. Domain(s) represented by the element Identify concisely the domain(s) of intangible cultural heritage manifested by the element, which might include one or more of the domains identified in Article 2.2 of the Convention. (This information will be used primarily for visibility, if the element is inscribed.) The hopping procession is a festive event that brings together communities who identify with the ritual of a hopping procession performed to the tune of a traditional melody. Through the festivities, dancing and music, it joins together communities of ordinary people from all over the country and abroad. In this respect, it also has an eminently social and cultural aspect. D. BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE ELEMENT The brief description of the element will be particularly helpful in allowing the Committee to know at a glance what element is being proposed for inscription, and, in the event of inscription, will be used for purposes of visibility. It should be a summary of the description provided in point 1 below but is not an introduction to that longer description. Every Whit Tuesday in Echternach, the hopping procession follows a route through the city centre. The participants arrive in Echternach very early. While some attend mass in the Basilica, others are already gathering in the courtyard of the old abbey, where the procession begins to take shape with the formation of groups. After mass, the Archbishop of Luxembourg gives a speech. Immediately afterwards, the procession gets under way. The dancers are preceded by a large group of singers chanting the litanies of Saint Willibrord, and are followed by pilgrims reciting their rosaries. The dancers, about 8,000 in total, are divided into some 45 groups accompanied by a similar number of musical groups. There are five dancers in each row, linked by holding handkerchiefs. The number of participants per group varies. The melody, a folk tune, has been arranged by composers in such a way that all the groups can perform it. The dancers take slightly diagonal steps and always move forward. The procession ends after 1 p.m. with a religious service in the Basilica. LR10 – No. 00392 – page 3 1. IDENTIFICATION AND DEFINITION OF THE ELEMENT (CF. CRITERION R.1) This is the key section of the nomination to satisfy criterion R.1: “The element constitutes intangible cultural heritage as defined in Article 2 of the Convention”. A clear and complete explanation is essential to demonstrate that the nominated element meets the Convention’s definition of intangible heritage. This section should address all the significant features of the element as it exists at present, and should include: a. an explanation of its social and cultural functions and meanings today, within and for its community, b. the characteristics of the bearers and practitioners of the element, c. any specific roles or categories of persons with special responsibilities towards the element, d. the current modes of transmission of the knowledge and skills related to the element. The Committee should receive sufficient information to determine: a. that the element is among the “practices, representations, expressions, knowledge, skills — as well as the instruments, objects, artefacts and cultural spaces associated therewith —“; b. “that communities, groups and, in some cases, individuals recognize [it] as part of their cultural heritage”; c. that it is being “transmitted from generation to generation, [and] is constantly recreated by communities and groups in response to their environment, their interaction with nature and their history”; d. that it provides communities and groups involved with “a sense of identity and continuity”; and e. that it is not incompatible with “existing international human rights instruments as well as with the requirements of mutual respect among communities, groups and individuals, and of sustainable development”.