Reflection Saturday Week 31 St Willibrord 2020 Willibrord Was Born in Yorkshire in 658. After Being a Pupil of St Wilfrid, He St

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Reflection Saturday Week 31 St Willibrord 2020 Willibrord was born in Yorkshire in 658. After being a pupil of St Wilfrid, he studied for 12 years at Rathmelsige in Ireland, where he was ordained priest. After returning to England he went to evangelize Frisia in 690. He was ordained bishop by Pope Sergius in 695 and founded the metropolitan see of Utrecht in the Netherlands. He preached the Gospel in Denmark and North Germany and founded several diocese and monasteries in the Netherlands and Luxembourg. He died at Echternach in Luxembourg in 739. He was the first of the great Anglo-Saxon missionaries to Europe and is remembered not just for his devotion in preaching the Gospel but also for his joyfulness of character and holiness of life. Not sure that many Governments would be happy with the gospel today as their debts are increasing exponentially, not out of love or desire for wealth, but in order to help their people. But, like St Paul, we are learning to live more simply, create less waste, and spend less. At the same time, we are beginning to value more what we have, becoming less of what Pope Francis warns us against, becoming a throwaway society. On the question of money, it seems that over 1.5 billion dollars has been spent by both sides on their presidential campaigning. Just think how many people starving to death, destitute and homeless could have been helped?? We squander health in search of wealth; we scheme and toil and save; then squander wealth in search of health, but only find a grave. We live, and boast of what we own; we die, and only receive a stone. Why did the little boy eat his cash? Because it was his dinner money! One Sunday a preacher announced to his congregation: "I have good news and bad news. The good news is, we have enough money to pay for our new building program. The bad news is, it's still out there in your pockets." .

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Facts on St Willibrord Patron Saint of Luxembourg &His
FACTS ON ST WILLIBRORD PATRON SAINT OF LUXEMBOURG & HIS CARLOW CONNECTION • St. Willibrord was born near York, Northumbria, England in 658AD. • He died in 739AD aged 81 in Echternach, Luxembourg. • His Feast Day is the 7th of November. • He is the Patron Saint of Luxembourg and he is the only Saint buried in Luxembourg. • He was trained and ordained at a religious site located in the townland of Garryhundon, Co Carlow commonly referred to as Killogan, Rath Melsigi (Rathmelsh) or Clonmelsh. • During the 7th and 8th centuries this site was the most important Anglo-Saxon ecclesiastical settlement in Ireland. From 678AD to c. 720AD many Englishmen were trained for the continental mission. • In 690AD Willibrord led a successful mission from Carlow, made up of Irishmen and Englishmen to the continent. • He was consecrated as a Bishop by Pope Sergius 1 in Rome in 695AD. • He built a Cathedral in Utrecht, Holland and became the first Bishop of Utrecht. • In 698AD he established his monastery in Echternach, said to be the oldest town in Luxembourg. • As part of his abbey in Echternach he established a scriptorium where they produced many of the bibles, psalms and prayer-books that are to be found today in the great libraries of Europe. • His signature is the oldest dateable signature in the English language and is written in a book that was probably written in Co. Carlow. This book is now housed in the Bibliothèque Nationale de France in Paris. • He is buried in the crypt Basilica of Echternach, Luxembourg which is the centre of his monastery.
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Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Master's Theses Graduate School 2013 Res Voluntaria, Non Necessaria: The onquesC t and Forced Conversion of the Saxons under Charlemagne Alexander Scott esD sens Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Dessens, Alexander Scott, "Res Voluntaria, Non Necessaria: The onqueC st and Forced Conversion of the Saxons under Charlemagne" (2013). LSU Master's Theses. 1275. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/1275 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Master's Theses by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RES VOLUNTARIA, NON NECESSARIA: THE CONQUEST AND FORCED CONVERSION OF THE SAXONS UNDER CHARLEMAGNE A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in The Department of History by Alexander Dessens B.A., Louisiana State University, 2010 December 2013 © Copyright 2013 Alexander Dessens All rights reserved ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS. iv ABSTRACT. v INTRODUCTION: A THING OF WILL?. 1 THE SAXON WARS AND MISSIONARY IDEOLOGY IN MODERN SCHOLARSHIP. 9 THE OPENING PHASE OF THE SAXON WARS: CAMPAIGNS AND CONVERSIONS, 772-781. 28 DESPERATE MEASURES: REBELLION, FRUSTRATION, AND THE ‘TERROR CAPITULARY,’ 782-785 . 42 THE END OF THE CONFLICT, 793-804.
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THE LETTERS of ALCUIN
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