Investigating Best Practice to Improve Heavy Vehicle Safety In
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
The NRMA-ACT Road Safety Trust Churchill Fellowship INVESTIGATING BEST PRACTICE TO IMPROVE HEAVY VEHICLE SAFETY IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS Michael Holmes BSc MOHSSc 2018 Churchill Fellow The Winston Churchill Memorial Trust GPO Box 1536 Canberra City ACT 2601 Australia telephone (02) 6247 8333 • freecall 1800 777 231 [email protected] • churchilltrust.com.au THE WINSTON CHURCHILL MEMORIAL TRUST Report by Michael Holmes, Churchill Fellow 2018 Churchill Fellowship to Investigate Best Practice To Improve Heavy Vehicle Safety In Urban Environments It is no use saying, I understand that the Churchill Trust may publish this Report, either in hard copy or on the internet or both, and consent to such publication. ‘We are doing our best.’ I indemnify the Churchill Trust against any loss, costs or damages it may suffer arising out of any claim or proceedings made against the Trust in respect of or arising out of the publication of any Report Submitted to You have got to succeed in the Trust and which the Trust places on a website for access over the internet. doing what is necessary. I also warrant that my Final Report is original and does not infringe the copyright of any person, or contain “ anything which is, or the incorporation of which into the Final Report is, actionable for defamation, a breach of any privacy law or obligation, breach of confidence, contempt of court, passing-off or contravention of any other private right or of any law. 25 June 2019 Winston Churchill Signed …………………………………............................................ Date………………………............ 7 March 1916 Author’s Contact Details Mr Michael Holmes Email: [email protected] ” Cover image: Volvo FE low-entry cab. Used with permission from Volvo Trucks. 3 Contents Key Words Key Words ................................................................................................................................... 5 Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................. 6 work CLOCS speed Technology Definitions ................................................................................................................................... 8 requirements direct Executive Summary .........................................................................................................10 UNECE scheme training trucks Preface ..........................................................................................................................................12 EU freight Itinerary London .......................................................................................................................................13 fatal Introduction and Context drivers ...........................................................................................15 Logistics mandatory ADR Aims of the Fellowship ...................................................................................................21 Road urban crashes view local Methodology ..........................................................................................................................22 time improve Key Findings ........................................................................................................................... 24 Safety Management .....................................................................................26 systems management safetyfatigue mirrors construction design road FORS transport Safe Vehicles .........................................................................................................49 driver commercial Safe People .............................................................................................................101 standards Safe Speeds ...........................................................................................................110 crash speed fleet heavyVision vehicle City Safe Roads ..............................................................................................................115 Regulation Safe hours Conclusions operators ..........................................................................................................................122 Scheme traffic Recommendations .......................................................................................................124 Australiarisk environments accreditation Dissemination & Implementation ..................................................................126 Limitations ..............................................................................................................................127 4 5 Acknowledgments It is an honour and privilege to have been awarded the NRMA-ACT Road Safety Trust Churchill Fellowship in 2018 for my project to investigate international best practice to improve heavy vehicle safety in urban environments. I would like to express my deep gratitude to Professor Don Aitkin AO, Mr Eddie Wheeler and Ms Kerry Fitzgerald from the NRMA-ACT Road Safety Trust for providing me the opportunity to explore how road safety leaders across the globe are stepping up and tackling the similar challenges we face in our cities in Australia. I would like to extend a special thank you to all the dedicated individuals and organizations I had the pleasure of meeting with and learning from during my fellowship. Your passion to improve the safety of those on our roads and share your knowledge and experiences with me is equally generous and inspiring. Without your forward-thinking policies, standards, and innovations introduced to challenge the status quo, the rest of the world would not be able to benefit. For that I am very grateful. To my mentor, Kate Cole, thank you for giving me the confidence to speak up for a cause I believe in and show me the importance of integrity within this profession. To my amazing colleagues at Sydney Metro, Transport for NSW, and our delivery partners, thank you for staying true to the most important value of all, Safety. Our work is not a success unless we send every person home safely whether they work with us, or are our most important stakeholder, the communities that we serve. To my supportive colleagues at the NSW Centre for Road Safety, I cannot thank you enough for sharing your expert knowledge, continuous guidance and support. I hope that with my Fellowship and our continued work in this space we can together improve safety for all road users and leave a positive legacy behind. 6 7 Definitions Active Safety Safety systems designed to prevent the crash from occurring, or reduce the Indirect Vision Indirect vision refers to the field of view that is visible to the driver indirectly severity of an unavoidable crash. through mirrors or cameras. ABS Anti-lock braking systems. ABS systems help to prevent the wheels of a vehicle ISO International Standards Organisation from locking when braking heavily, and enable the driver to keep steering. LDW Lane Departure Warning System. Active safety system to warn the driver of ADAS Advanced Driver Assistant Systems. Active safety systems which use sensors, unintentional drift of the vehicle out of its travel lane. radar and cameras to monitor the vehicle’s surroundings. LKA Lane Keeping Assistance. Active safety system that applies torque to the steering ADR Australian Design Rules. Australia’s national standards for vehicle safety, anti-theft wheel or pressure to the brakes when a lane departure is about to occur. and emissions. Light Vehicle A motor vehicle with a GVM not greater than 4.5t and constructed or equipped to AEB Advanced Emergency Braking System. A system which can automatically detect seat no more than 12 adults (including the driver). an emergency situation and activate the vehicle braking system to decelerate the vehicle with the purpose of avoiding or mitigating a collision. NC Class Heavy A goods vehicle with a GVM exceeding 12t GVM. Vehicle CLOCS Construction Logistics and Community Safety Standard. NHVAS National Heavy Vehicle Accreditation Scheme CoR Chain of Responsibility NHVR National Heavy Vehicle Regulator (Australia) Direct Vision Direct Vision refers to the direct field of view that is visible to the driver though windows. OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer Dog Trailer A trailer with 2 axle groups of which the front axle group is steered by connection Passive Safety Passive safety systems are designed to protect the occupants of a vehicle and to the drawing vehicle. other road users if a crash occurs. Passive safety systems reduce the impact of a crash or the level of injury. Drawbar Portion of a trailer that connects the trailer body to the coupling for towing purposes. Rear overhang The distance measured horizontally and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle between the ‘Rear End’ of the vehicle and the ‘Centre of an Axle Group’. DVSA United Kingdom’s Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency Safe System ‘Safe System approach to Road Safety’. The Safe System is a road safety ESC Electronic Stability Control. Helps to prevent a vehicle from skidding, and the driver philosophy that is based on the principles that road users are fallible and will from losing control while turning a corner. ESC systems can automatically activate make mistakes but that no one should be killed or seriously injured when a crash the brakes to help steer the vehicle in the right direction. occurs. EU European Union SFAIRP So far as is reasonably practicable. Fatigue Fatigue is defined as the subjective experience of tiredness or lack of energy.