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Chinese Connection" in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries
AYUDHYA: CAPITAL-PORT OF SIAM AND ITS "CHINESE CONNECTION" IN THE FOURTEENTH AND FIFTEENTH CENTURIES CHARNVIT KASETSIRI DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY THAMMASAT UNIVERSITY In 1990 Princess Maha Chakri presided over the open Ayudhya, founded in 1351, remained an important ing of the "Ayudhya Historical Study Centre," an elaborate economic and political center of Siam for more than four and gigantic research exhibition centre dedicated to the rich hundred years. In 1767 it was overrun by the Burmese, and diversity of Ayudhya history. The centre is a gift of¥ 999 the capital was rebuilt at Thonburi-Bangkok. Ayudhya is million from the Japanese Government to Thailand. It has situated about 90 kilometers from the coast, tucked away at two hi-tech exhibition buildings with one large room por the northern tip of the Gulf of Siam, making it some distance traying "Ayudhya as a port city. The exhibition depicts the away from the main international sea-route which passed the relationship between Ayudhya and foreign nations. A Thai straits between present-day Malaysia-Singapore-Indonesia. junk and Pomphet fort...[have been] recreated to demonstrate Strictly speaking, Ayudhya might be termed a hin the life-style, market places and trading activities of ancient terland kingdom. Its economy was self-sufficient, depending A yudhya," while another separate room displays a huge re on wet-rice cultivation and control of manpower. Overseas production of a map of Ayudhya drawn from a seventeenth trade seemed to be relatively small and less important, con century Dutch oil painting. sisting of exchanging raw natural products with manufac This room, "Ayudhya and its external relations," shows tured goods from more advanced countries-India, China, not only the impressive map but also documents for overseas and later Europe.1 Nevertheless, its overseas trade was a contact (i.e. -
Chao Phraya River Station C.2 Discharge Volume of 416 M3/Sec (Yesterday: 432 M3./Sec) Water Level: +19.33 M.M.S.L
Current Situation: normal, office hours 8.30 – 16.30 Water Watch and Monitoring System for Warning Center Royal Irrigation Department , MOAC Tel: 0 2669 2560 Fax 0 2243 6956, 0 2241 3350, 0 2243 1098 Hotline: 1460 http://www.rid.go.th/2009, http://wmsc.rid.go.th, E-mail : [email protected] th Report for water situation on 13 Sunday January 2013 1. Weather atmosphere The moderate high pressure covers upper Thailand causing cool with fog and dense fog in some places likely in the North, the Northeast and the Central. All transport should proceed with caution in areas of poor visibility. The southeasterly winds and the southerly winds prevail from the Gulf of Thailand with the humidity to the lower Central and the East resulting in isolated rain. 2. Highest rainfall in each region From 07.00 on 12th January 2013 to 07.00 on 13th January 2013 as follows: North part at Mueang Phchit 0.4 mm. Northeastern part at Mueang Kalasin 0.7 mm. Central part at Mueang Samut Prakan 5.8 mm. Eastern part at Ko Si Chang District Chon Buri 1.2 mm. Southern part (east coast) at Mueang Nakhon Si Thammarat 0.8 mm. Southern part (west coast) No rain 3. 3-day Raining Prediction During 14 – 17 January 2013, it is predicted that All regions may have rain about 1 – 5 mm. Information is from The National Centers for Environmental Prediction, starting prediction from 12th January 2013. 4. Water condition in reservoirs Water condition in large and medium scale reservoirs: Water volume in reservoir is 50,217 MCM which is 67% (available water volume is 26,418 MCM which is 35%). -