Final Environmental and Social Impact Assessment 50MW Bableshwar Wind Power Project

Final Environmental and Social Impact Assessment 50MW Bableshwar Wind Power Project Project Number: 50195-001 March 2017 IND: ReNew Clean Energy Project Prepared by ERM India Private Limited The environmental and social impact assessment report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “Term of Use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Environmental and Social Impact Assessment of 50 MW Bableshwar Wind Power Project: Taluka and District Bijapur, ReNew Wind Energy (Sipla) Private Limited Karnataka, India Final Report March 2017 www.erm.com The business of sustainability FINAL REPORT ReNew Wind Energy (Sipla) Private Limted Environmental and Social Impact Assessment of 50 MW Bableshwar Wind Power Project: Taluka and District Bijapur, Karnataka, India 23 March 2017 Reference # I11933/0365937 Prepared by: Anil Ota, Anupreet Anand, Karishma Sharma Reviewed by: Naval Chaudhary Principal Consultant Manish Singh Principal Consultant Approved by: Neena Singh Partner This report has been prepared by ERM India Private Limited a member of Environmental Resources Management Group of companies, with all reasonable skill, care and diligence within the terms of the Contract with the client, incorporating our General Terms and Conditions of Business and taking account of the resources devoted to it by agreement with the client. We disclaim any responsibility to the client and others in respect of any matters outside the scope of the above. This report is confidential to the client and we accept no responsibility of whatsoever nature to third parties to whom this report, or any part thereof, is made known. Any such party relies on the report at their own risk. CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT 1 1.2 APPLICABLE REFERENCE FRAMEWORK 1 1.3 PROJECT PROPONENT - RENEW POWER VENTURES PRIVATE LIMITED 2 1.3.1 Wind Energy 2 1.4 OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT 3 1.5 OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF THE ASSESSMENT 7 1.5.1 Objective 7 1.5.2 Scope of Work 7 1.6 ESIA METHODOLOGY 8 1.6.1 Screening 9 1.6.2 Scoping 9 1.6.3 Project Description 9 1.6.4 Baseline Conditions 9 1.6.5 Stakeholder Analysis and Consultations 9 1.6.6 Impact Identification/Prediction 10 1.6.7 Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) 10 1.7 LIMITATIONS 10 1.7.1 Uses of this Report 11 1.8 LAYOUT OF THE REPORT 11 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 13 2.1 SITE SETTING 13 2.2 PROJECT COMPONENTS 13 2.2.1 Wind Farm 13 2.2.2 Wind Turbine Generators 14 2.2.3 Power Evacuation 17 2.2.4 Additional Project Infrastructure 17 2.2.5 Accessibility 17 2.3 PROJECT PHASES AND ACTIVITIES 19 2.3.1 Planning Phase 19 2.3.2 Construction Phase 20 2.3.3 Operation and Maintenance Phase 20 2.3.4 Decommissioning Phase 20 2.4 CONTRACTORS 21 2.5 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS 21 2.5.1 Land Requirement 21 2.5.2 Water Requirement 30 2.5.3 Raw Materials 31 2.5.4 Fuel Requirement and Storage 31 2.5.5 Power Requirement 31 2.6 POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES 32 2.6.1 Air Emissions 32 2.6.2 Wastewater Management 33 2.6.3 Solid & Hazardous Waste Management 33 2.6.4 Noise Control 34 2.6.5 Fire Safety and Security 35 3 APPLICABLE LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK 36 3.1 INTRODUCTION 36 3.2 INSTITUTION FRAMEWORK – ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITIES 36 3.3 APPLICABLE REGULATORY/POLICY FRAMEWORK 40 3.4 APPLICABLE ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS 40 3.4.1 National Level Standards 40 3.4.2 IFC/WB Standards 40 3.5 INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS 46 3.5.1 IFC Performance Standards 46 3.5.2 ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 48 4 SCREENING AND SCOPING 49 4.1 SCREENING METHODOLOGY 49 4.1.1 Kick-off Meeting 49 4.1.2 Document Review 49 4.2 PROJECT CATEGORIZATION 50 4.2.1 Equator Principles and IFC 50 4.2.2 ADB Safeguard Policy 50 4.2.3 Category Justification 51 4.3 SCOPING METHODOLOGY 51 4.3.1 Scoping Matrix 52 5 ENVIRONMENTAL, ECOLOGY AND SOCIAL BASELINE 59 5.1 LOCATION AND CONTEXT SETTINGS 59 5.2 AREA OF INFLUENCE 59 5.2.1 Study Area 59 5.3 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE MONITORING AND SURVEY 60 5.3.1 Collection of Primary Data 61 5.3.2 Collection of Secondary Baseline Data 61 5.4 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE FINDINGS 62 5.4.1 Topography 62 5.4.2 Hydrology and Drainage Pattern 66 5.4.3 Geology and Soil Classification 69 5.4.4 Climate and Meteorology 69 5.4.5 Natural Hazards 70 5.4.6 Land Use and Land Cover 70 5.4.7 Groundwater Resources 72 5.5 ECOLOGICAL BASELINE METHODOLOGY 72 5.5.1 Objectives of the Ecological Study 72 5.5.2 Habitat Mapping 73 5.5.3 Ecological Baseline Methodology 74 5.5.4 Ecology Baseline Findings 76 5.6 SOCIO-ECONOMIC BASELINE 88 5.6.1 Approach and Methodology 88 5.6.2 State Profile: Karnataka 89 5.6.3 District Profile: Bijapur 91 5.6.4 Study Area 93 6 STAKEHOLDER MAPPING AND IDENTIFICATION 105 6.1 INTRODUCTION 105 6.2 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENT FOR THE PROJECT 105 6.3 STAKEHOLDER CATEGORISATION 106 6.4 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY FOR STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS 107 6.5 STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS 107 7 IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES 116 7.1 INTRODUCTION 116 7.2 ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY 116 7.3 KEY ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS 121 7.3.1 Change in Land Use 122 7.3.2 Impact on Topography and Drainage 125 7.3.3 Impact on Soil Environment 126 7.3.4 Impact on Water Environment 133 7.3.5 Impact on Air Quality 138 7.3.6 Impact on Noise Levels 141 7.3.7 Impacts on Nearby Establishment (Shadow Flicker Assessment) 150 7.3.8 Occupational Health and Safety 160 7.4 KEY ECOLOGICAL RISKS 162 7.4.1 Assessment Criteria 162 7.4.2 Construction Phase Impacts 166 7.4.3 Operational Phase 169 7.5 KEY SOCIAL RISKS 174 7.5.1 Criteria 174 7.5.2 Community Health and Safety 174 7.5.3 Impact on local employment 176 7.5.4 Accidental Impacts – Blade throw and Natural Disasters 177 7.5.5 Impact of Labour Influx/ Migrant workforce 179 8 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 182 8.1 RENEW’S ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE 182 8.1.1 ReNew Management 182 8.1.2 EPC Contractor – Gamesa 182 8.1.3 Roles and Responsibilities of EHS Department 182 8.2 INSPECTION, MONITORING AND AUDIT 183 8.3 REPORTING AND DOCUMENTATION 183 8.3.1 Documentation 184 8.3.2 Internal Reporting and Communication 184 8.3.3 External Reporting and Communication 184 8.3.4 ESMP Review and Amendments 185 8.4 TRAINING PROGRAMME AND CAPACITY BUILDING 185 8.5 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 185 9 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 196 9.1 INTRODUCTION 196 9.2 IMPACTS REQUIRING DETAILED ASSESSMENT 196 FIGURES Figure 1.1 Project location map for the 200 MW wind farm being developed by Gamesa 4 Figure 1.2 Location of Bableshwar Site 5 Figure 1.3 Location of Bableshwar Site (on Survey of India Topographic Sheet) 6 Figure 1.4 The ESIA Process 8 Figure 2.1 Site accessibility map of the wind farm 18 Figure 2.2 Village roads in the Bableshwar Site 19 Figure 5.1 Contour map of the study area 63 Figure 5.2 Digital Elevation Map of the study area 64 Figure 5.3 Drainage map of the study area 68 Figure 5.4 Land use map of the study area 71 Figure 5.5 Photo-documentation of habitats in the Bableshwar wind farm 74 Figure 5.6 Photo-documentation of avifauna 82 Figure 5.7 Central Asian Flyway 87 Figure 5.8 Administrative Structure of Karnataka 90 Figure 5.9 Community consultations in the project area 94 Figure 5.10 Proportion of SC/ST Population in the villages of Study Area vis-à-vis tehsil/ district 96 Figure 5.11 Literacy rates in the State, district, tehsil, core and buffer areas 97 Figure 7.1 Impact Assessment Process 116 Figure 7.2 Impact Significance 119 Figure 7.3 Map showing WTGs and Noise Sensitive Receptors 146 Figure 7.4 Noise Contour Map 149 Figure 7.5 Map showing WTGs and Shadow Receptors 158 Figure 7.6 Shadow Flicker Map - Real Case Scenario 159 Figure 7.7 H&S Implementation in the Bableshwar Wind Farm 160 TABLES Table 1.1 ReNew Power - Current Wind Power Operational Projects 2 Table 1.2 Bableshwar Wind Power Project - a Snapshot 3 Table 1.3 Structure of the ESIA Report 11 Table 2.1 Boundaries of the Wind Farm 13 Table 2.2 Technical specifications of the wind turbines 14 Table 2.3 WTG Profiling of 50 MW Wind Farm (based on eye view distance of 500 m) 15 Table 2.4 Site Accessibility 17 Table 2.5 Subcontractor allocation for site activities 21 Table 2.6 IFC PS 5 Applicability for the Project 22 Table 2.7 Summary of the land required for the project 23 Table 2.8 Water requirement during the construction phase 30 Table 2.9 Waste generated; their sources and disposal method 33 Table 3.1 Enforcement agencies relevant to the Project 36 Table 3.2 Applicable Environmental and Social Legislative framework for Bableshwar Wind Farm 42 Table 4.1 Activity-Impact Interaction Matrix for Planning, Construction, Operation & Maintenance and Decommissioning Phases 54 Table 4.2 Identified interactions that are likely to result in significant impacts 56 Table 4.3 Scoped-out Interactions 57 Table 5.1 AoI for Environmental and Social Study 59 Table 5.2 Core and Buffer Zones 60 Table 5.3 Primary Baseline Data Collection 61 Table 5.4 Secondary Baseline Data Collection 61 Table 5.5 Climatological data for Bijapur (1961-1990) 69 Table 5.6 Potential natural hazards that the Project might be exposed to 70 Table 5.7 Land-use of the Study Area 70 Table 5.8 Ground water categorization of Bijapur Taluka 72 Table 5.9 Water bodies

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