Peoples Temple Records

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Peoples Temple Records http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt2t1nf3xr No online items Peoples Temple Records Finding aid prepared by Sandra McCoy Larson in 1985; revised by Frances Wratten Kaplan and Tanya Hollis in 2010 and 2011. Funding for processing this collection was provided by the Peoples Temple/Jonestown Fund at the California Historical Society. California Historical Society 678 Mission Street San Francisco, CA, 94105 415-357-1848 [email protected] 1985, revised 2010-2011 Peoples Temple Records MS 3800 1 Title: Peoples Temple records Date (inclusive): 1922-1984 Creator: Peoples Temple Collection Number: MS 3800 Physical Description: Extent: 145 linear feet Repository: California Historical Society 678 Mission Street San Francisco, CA, 94105 415-357-1848 [email protected] URL: http://www.californiahistoricalsociety.org/ Physical Location: Collection is stored onsite. Language of Materials: Collection materials are in English. Abstract: Consists of materials collected by court receiver Robert H. Fabian in his efforts to identify and locate Peoples Temple assets and settle the more than 750 claims that arose from the events of November 18, 1978, when Congressman Leo Ryan, three journalists, and 914 Peoples Temple members died by murder or suicide in Port Kaituma, Jonestown, and Georgetown, Guyana. The collection includes manuscripts, realia, photographs, ephemera, legal documents, court depositions, financial documents, newspaper and magazine articles, and research materials. The first eight series comprise records removed by Fabian from the Peoples Temple offices on Geary Boulevard in San Francisco in the early days of the receivership. The bulk of these records document Peoples Temple operations in California and Guyana between 1965 and 1978, with some materials from the years before 1965, when the church was located in Indiana. The records reflect the church's involvement in all aspects of its membership, including maintenance of housing, medical, car and life insurance; real estate holdings and transfers; divorce, adoption, and custody cases; documents related to various corporations run by Peoples Temple; and materials generated in the procurement and settlement of Peoples Temple Agricultural Mission in Guyana, known as Jonestown. Series 9, Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office, and series 10, Federal Bureau of Investigation, include records obtained by the receiver from these agencies to aid in his investigation. Series 11, Peoples Temple of the Disciples of Christ v. Attorney General of California, and series 12, United States v. Peoples Temple, include documents generated from the receiver's office during operations to dissolve Peoples Temple. The materials generated by the reciever date from February 1979 to March 1984, though many files contain earlier materials used as supporting evidence for claims. Restrictions on Access All researchers must sign the Access Agreement form, confirming that they have read and understood the restrictions outlined in the document Restricted Materials in the Peoples Temple Records, MS 3800. This document, and the Access Agreement form, are available at the reference desk or can be sent electronically. Restricted Materials in the Peoples Temple Records, MS 3800 Open but subject to restrictions on disclosure: Records throughout the collection contain personally identifiable information of a personal or confidential nature such as social security numbers and bank account information. Publication or disclosure of such information is strictly prohibited, unless researcher can show proof that the person is deceased, or has provided proof of permission by the party named to CHS. Require advance review by CHS reference librarian or archivist: Personal Records, Boxes 66-74, folders 1078-1196, and Box 112, folders 2007-2013. These files contain information about each member traveling to Guyana, including application forms, liability releases, birth and marriage certificates, passport applications, and medical information. The medical forms and any supporting documentation such as doctor's correspondence, medical bills, etc., are closed. All other documents pertaining to former members that are still living require the permission of that person to be released. The researcher must locate the individual and present CHS with proof of permission, either by email or written letter. Members' Legal Papers, Boxes 123-125, folders 2195-2244. Legal restrictions on former members' legal papers may be reevaluated, if a researcher can show proof that the person is deceased, or has provided proof of permission by the party named to CHS. The researcher must locate the individual and present CHS with proof of permission, either by email or written letter. Peoples Temple Records MS 3800 2 Permanently sealed and closed: Medical records listed have been permanently closed and sealed, in accordance with federal law: Beck medical records, Box 9, folder 122; Member's medical records, Box 17, folders 294-297; Box 18, folders 298-300; Speier medical records, Boxes 116-117 Legal documents can be found throughout the collection, but are permanently closed and sealed in the following files: Kay Rosas file, Box 10, folder 140 [sealed in envelope]; Advice Correspondence, Boxes 121-122, folders 2160-2186 [Note: These files contain correspondence from the public at large to Peoples Temple attorneys, requesting legal assistance]. Payroll documents are permanently closed and sealed in the following files: Box 121, folders 2146, 2153 Sealed and closed until 2085: Personal notes are sealed and closed until 2085 in the following files: Tim Stoen Files, Box 8, folder 87 [sealed in envelope]. Publication Rights CHS is the lawful owner of Peoples Temple documents and photographs, by orders of the California Superior Court and of the Guyana High Court. CHS is not aware of any other copyrights or other rights associated with this material. Responsibility for making an independent legal assessment of an item and securing any necessary permissions ultimately rests with any person intending to use an item. All requests to reproduce, publish, quote from or otherwise use collection materials, and all digital representations of these original materials, must be submitted in writing to the Director of the Library and Archives, North Baker Research Library, California Historical Society, 678 Mission Street, San Francisco, CA 94105. Restrictions on Reproduction Reproduction of collection materials may be restricted at the discretion of CHS library staff. Preferred Citation [Identification of item], Peoples Temple Records, MS 3800, California Historical Society. Peoples Temple Collection Manuscript Collections: Federal Bureau of Investigation Collection of Peoples Temple Papers from Jonestown, Guyana, 1931-1978, MS 3801 Moore Family Papers, 1968-1988, MS 3802 John R. Hall Research Materials on Peoples Temple, 1954-2003, MS 3803 Ross E. Case Collection pertaining to Peoples Temple, 1961-1984, MS 4062 Margaret T. Singer Materials on Peoples Temple, 1956-1998, MS 4123 Peoples Temple Ephemera and Publications, 1959-1979, MS 4124 Newspaper Clippings on Peoples Temple: photocopies, 1953-1978, MS 4125 Peoples Temple Miscellany Collection, 1951-[ongoing], MS 4126 Photography Collections: Photographs from Peoples Temple Records, 1941-1983, MSP 3800 Photographs of Peoples Temple in the United States and Guyana, 1967-1978, PC 010 Separated Material Printed materials have been transferred to the book collection. Books received with the collection, but not retained, are listed in the 1983 publication of the Guide to Peoples Temple Records, available at the Reference Desk of the North Baker Research Library, 678 Mission St., San Francisco. Some ephemera items have been transferred to Peoples Temple Ephemera and Publications, MS 4124. Photographs have been transferred to the Photography Collection, shelved as MSP 3800. Alternative Forms Available There are no alternate forms of this collection. Acquisition Information The Peoples Temple Records were given to the California Historical Society by orders of the California Superior Court and of the Guyana High Court, facilitated by Robert H. Fabian in June 1983. Additions were made in May 1986. Processing Information Peoples Temple Records MS 3800 3 Processed by Sandra McCoy Larson in 1985. Before processing, records were stored in metal file cabinets with location numbers on each drawer such as 1A, lB, etc. These numbers have been transferred to the upper, right corner of most records. The collection was rehoused in 2006 by Denice Stephenson; box numbers have been changed from earlier processing. Otherwise, order of collection has been maintained. Custodial History The documents that together comprise the Peoples Temple records were gathered by Robert H. Fabian, the court-appointed receiver, from a number of locations: Records in the first eight series were removed from the Peoples Temple offices on Geary Boulevard during the beginning of the receiver's operations. The offices and the church building on Geary Boulevard continued to be used by surviving members without restriction until February 1979. Many records were removed from the offices during this interim period. Many records were taken to Jonestown during the resettlement; these, and other documents, were confiscated by the FBI for the investigation into the death of Congressman Leo Ryan and trial of Laurence Layton. The originals of these documents are now held by the FBI. A complete set of photocopies of these documents can be found in MS 3801.
Recommended publications
  • The Psychology Behind Jonestown: When Extreme Obedience and Conformity Collide Abstract 2
    THE PSYCHOLOGY BEHIND JONESTOWN 1 Anna Maria College The Psychology Behind Jonestown: When Extreme Obedience and Conformity Collide Submitted by: Claudia Daniela Luiz Author’s Note: This thesis was prepared by Law and Society and Psychology student, Claudia Daniela Luiz for HON 490, Honors Senior Seminar, taught by Dr. Bidwell and written under the supervision of Dr. Pratico, Psychology Professor and Head of the Psychology Department at Anna Maria College. RUNNING HEAD: THE PSYCHOLOGY BEHIND JONESTOWN 2 Abstract Notoriously throughout our history, cults of extremist religious views have made the headlines for a number of different crimes. Simply looking at instances like the Branch Davidians in Waco, or the members of the People’s Temple of Christ from Jonestown, it’s easy to see there is no lack of evidence as to the disastrous effects of what happens when these cults reach an extreme. When one person commits an atrocious crime, we can blame that person for their actions, but who do we blame when there’s 5 or even 900 people that commit a crime because they are so seemingly brainwashed by an individual that they’ll blindly follow and do whatever that individual says? Studying cases, like that of Jonestown and the People’s Temple of Christ, where extreme conformity and obedience have led to disastrous and catastrophic results is important because in the words of George Santayana “those who do not learn history are doomed to repeat it.” By studying and analyzing Jonestown and the mass suicide that occurred there, people can learn how Jim Jones was able to gain complete control of the minds of his over 900 followers and why exactly people began following him in the first.
    [Show full text]
  • Lorne Bair :: Catalog 21
    LORNE BAIR :: CATALOG 21 1 Lorne Bair Rare Books, ABAA PART 1: AFRICAN-AMERICAN HISTORY & LITERATURE 2621 Daniel Terrace Winchester, Virginia USA 22601 (540) 665-0855 Email: [email protected] Website: www.lornebair.com TERMS All items are offered subject to prior sale. Unless prior arrangements have been made, payment is expected with order and may be made by check, money order, credit card (Visa, MasterCard, Discover, American Express), or direct transfer of funds (wire transfer or Paypal). Institutions may be billed. Returns will be accepted for any reason within ten days of receipt. ALL ITEMS are guaranteed to be as described. Any restorations, sophistications, or alterations have been noted. Autograph and manuscript material is guaranteed without conditions or restrictions, and may be returned at any time if shown not to be authentic. DOMESTIC SHIPPING is by USPS Priority Mail at the rate of $9.50 for the first item and $3 for each additional item. Overseas shipping will vary depending upon destination and weight; quotations can be supplied. Alternative carriers may be arranged. WE ARE MEMBERS of the ABAA (Antiquarian Bookseller’s Association of America) and ILAB (International League of Antiquarian Book- sellers) and adhere to those organizations’ standards of professionalism and ethics. PART ONE African American History & Literature ITEMS 1-54 PART TWO Radical, Social, & Proletarian Literature ITEMS 55-92 PART THREE Graphics, Posters & Original Art ITEMS 93-150 PART FOUR Social Movements & Radical History ITEMS 151-194 2 PART 1: AFRICAN-AMERICAN HISTORY & LITERATURE 1. CUNARD, Nancy (ed.) Negro Anthology Made by Nancy Cunard 1931-1933. London: Nancy Cunard at Wishart & Co., 1934.
    [Show full text]
  • Three Ways of Understanding Government Classification of Jonestown Documents
    Three Ways to Understand Government Classification of Jonestown Documents Revision of paper given at Religion, Secrecy and Security: Religious Freedom and Privacy in a Global Context An Interdisciplinary Conference at Ohio State University April 2004 Rebecca Moore In 2001 my husband, Fielding McGehee III, and I filed a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) lawsuit against the Department of Justice. McGehee and Moore v. U.S. Department of Justice seeks to compel the Justice Department to provide an index—as required by law—to three compact disks of materials the FBI had pulled together from documents collected in Jonestown, Guyana in 1978 and from files generated in the agency’s subsequent investigation into the assassination of U.S. Congressman Leo J. Ryan. Our interest in Jonestown is both personal and professional, and in that respect I am writing as a participant observer regarding the events of 18 November 1978. I am a participant to the extent that my two sisters and nephew died in Jonestown in the mass murders-suicides which occurred under the direction of Jim Jones and I wish to know how and why. My status as a relative makes me an insider of sorts, with access to survivors of the tragedy, and with stature with government agencies as an interested party. But I am an observer as well, given my training in religious studies and my desire to interpret the events to my academic peers within a scholarly framework. I also wish to write the history of Peoples Temple, the group begun by Jones in Indianapolis which migrated to California and then to Guyana, as accurately and completely as possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Changemakers: Biographies of African Americans in San Francisco Who Made a Difference
    The University of San Francisco USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center Leo T. McCarthy Center for Public Service and McCarthy Center Student Scholarship the Common Good 2020 Changemakers: Biographies of African Americans in San Francisco Who Made a Difference David Donahue Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.usfca.edu/mccarthy_stu Part of the History Commons CHANGEMAKERS AFRICAN AMERICANS IN SAN FRANCISCO WHO MADE A DIFFERENCE Biographies inspired by San Francisco’s Ella Hill Hutch Community Center murals researched, written, and edited by the University of San Francisco’s Martín-Baró Scholars and Esther Madríz Diversity Scholars CHANGEMAKERS: AFRICAN AMERICANS IN SAN FRANCISCO WHO MADE A DIFFERENCE © 2020 First edition, second printing University of San Francisco 2130 Fulton Street San Francisco, CA 94117 Published with the generous support of the Walter and Elise Haas Fund, Engage San Francisco, The Leo T. McCarthy Center for Public Service and the Common Good, The University of San Francisco College of Arts and Sciences, University of San Francisco Student Housing and Residential Education The front cover features a 1992 portrait of Ella Hill Hutch, painted by Eugene E. White The Inspiration Murals were painted in 1999 by Josef Norris, curated by Leonard ‘Lefty’ Gordon and Wendy Nelder, and supported by the San Francisco Arts Commission and the Mayor’s Offi ce Neighborhood Beautifi cation Project Grateful acknowledgment is made to the many contributors who made this book possible. Please see the back pages for more acknowledgments. The opinions expressed herein represent the voices of students at the University of San Francisco and do not necessarily refl ect the opinions of the University or our sponsors.
    [Show full text]
  • Jonestown FBI Files
    OA/1V/¥T TO JVX iTXUJX (JONESTOWN) BUFILE NUMBER : 89-4286 (BULKY 2233) BB-1 PAULA ADAMS subject g9-Vc3F^ File nnmf^fi f^/^p///- SOSAL pA^FS pA|€5 R6A.6A566 H. Ko. 3K 491572 145/76 Beg. Fee. ^1.00 2 Copi«a f^t,20 i¥ f A 1 4 ^2.20 5. 2. 71. ^••tisias is tti* Stat* af Qu7»a« p*r«oa«lSj' aaa* ud appaarsd Uff^lA aiuidOl, af a^a««to«a» I'art K«ltuaa« Vortb vast BaslWt stata af Ovjaaa. aiuca AiYfiAS£A atatad aadl daalarad that for dirtra good aautas «»d raasaaa ab« baa aada^ aaalaat^d, aoABtltutad and appoint ad tAbUL moA ifwXw^ TU;^iii.7ri., ^tb or Lot 121 ^fair^ ^tracCy Alb«rttOtta» Aaor^^town, Daa«rara» Oujantt« jointly )^i^^«aTtrall7 to b* bar trua and lawful Attoma/a in tb* &tata all; Quyaaa ,until roToeatlDa baraof, tu rapraaant bar la all aoTabla or iasorabla, and to ^aat and taka oa laaaa all property abaraaooTcr vbttbar raal or parsant*! aod/or to raoaiva and pais all traaaports and laaaaa tb«rafor«« aad to aooapt asj U.11 of ^obaa^a^ or bortsa^a on all or any af •voti propar^ aod aa payaaot balag aad* to oaaoal doouaaata la aoaaaotioa th^r^witb aad to appaar before any Judga of tba Si wGwft ar mSj Safilstrer «r vtnvr orfl3*r ef sas Court ef tba Supraaa Court ef Judieetura or abj Kaflstrata er maiatar ef Juatlo* for all er an/ ef tba aforaaald purpeaaa. 2* To •Dtar latot eifBt txoeuta aa^ dali-or all aonn ^eta, d**dB| doaua*ata« ae;r**a*Bta« tfuaraataeBt boada er etbar aoeouat docuaaDta ef a lika aatarot ar.d to opao and eperat* a bank aooouat la anj of taa baoks of Gu/asa is tar nnaa <..f tba Appearar« 5, AfiA> general 1/ for bar aad la bcr aa&e to eel 1 act* aa for, daaaad, ana for, lav/, reeover an., reeaive of a&t frv^a J- • a - 11 maA.
    [Show full text]
  • The Black Hole of Guyana the Untold Story of the Jonestown Massacre
    The Black Hole of Guyana The Untold Story of the Jonestown Massacre by John Judge 1985 • You Know the Official Version • But Just Suppose It Didn't Happen That Way... • Who Was Jim Jones? • What Was Jonestown? • One Too Many Jonestowns • The Links to U.S. Intelligence Agencies • The Strange Connection to the Murder of Martin Luther King • Aftermath • Sources The ultimate victims of mind control at Jonestown are the American people. If we fail to look beyond the constructed images given us by the television and the press, then our consciousness is manipulated, just as well as the Jonestown victims' was. Facing nuclear annihilation, may see the current militarism of the Reagan policies, and military training itself, as the real "mass suicide cult." If the discrepancy between the truth of Jonestown and the official version can be so great, what other lies have we been told about major events? History is precious. In a democracy, knowledge must be accessible for informed consent to function. Hiding or distorting history behind "national security" leaves the public as the final enemy of the government. Democratic process cannot operate on "need to know." Otherwise we live in the 1984 envisioned by Orwell's projections and we must heed his warning that those who control the past control the future. The real tragedy of Jonestown is not only that it occurred, but that so few chose to ask themselves why or how, so few sought to find out the facts behind the bizarre tale used to explain away the death of more than 900 people, and that so many will continue to be blind to the grim reality of our intelligence agencies.
    [Show full text]
  • Section I - Overview
    EDUCATOR GUIDE Story Theme: History Retold Subject: The People’s Temple Discipline: Theatre SECTION I - OVERVIEW ......................................................................................................................2 SECTION II – CONTENT/CONTEXT ..................................................................................................3 SECTION III - RESOURCES ..................................................................................................................6 SECTION IV – VOCABULARY .........................................................................................................10 SECTION V – PEOPLES TEMPLE HISTORICAL TIMELINE .......................................................... 13 SECTION VI – ENGAGING WITH SPARK ....................................................................................143 SECTION VII – RELATED STANDARDS.......................................................................................... 19 Actors in The People’s Temple production at Berkeley Repertory Theatre work on the play in its early stages. Still image from SPARK story, 2005. SECTION I - OVERVIEW EPISODE THEME History Retold INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES Group oral discussion, review and analysis, SUBJECT including peer review and aesthetic valuing People’s Temple Project Teacher-guided instruction, including demonstration and guidance GRADE RANGES Hands-on individual projects in which students K–12 & Post-Secondary work independently Hands-on group projects in which students assist CURRICULUM CONNECTIONS
    [Show full text]
  • Peoples Temple Miscellany, 1951-2013, MS 4126
    http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt9j49s3fd No online items Finding aid to Peoples Temple miscellany, 1951-2013, MS 4126 Finding aid prepared by Frances Wratten Kaplan California Historical Society 2011 678 Mission Street San Francisco, CA 94105 [email protected] URL: http://californiahistoricalsociety.org/ Finding aid to Peoples Temple MS 4126 1 miscellany, 1951-2013, MS 4126 Contributing Institution: California Historical Society Title: Peoples Temple miscellany Identifier/Call Number: MS 4126 Physical Description: 17.0 boxes Date (inclusive): 1951-2013 Collection is stored onsite. Language of Material: Collection materials are in English. Abstract: Peoples Temple miscellany consists of miscellaneous materials about Peoples Temple arranged by California Historical Society staff into a single, ongoing collection. Acquired at different times from a variety of donors, materials in the collection include correspondence, notes, scrapbooks, journals, clippings, publications, audio recordings, realia and television documentaries about Peoples Temple and Jonestown, its agricultural mission in Guyana. Access Collection is open for research. Publication Rights All requests to reproduce, publish, quote from or otherwise use collection materials must be submitted in writing to the Director of the Library and Archives, North Baker Research Library, California Historical Society, 678 Mission Street, San Francisco, CA 94105. Consent is given on behalf of the California Historical Society as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission from the copyright owner. Such permission must be obtained from the copyright owner. Restrictions also apply to digital representations of the original materials. Use of digital files is restricted to research and educational purposes. Preferred Citation [Identification of item], Peoples Temple miscellany, MS 4126, California Historical Society Separated Materials Photographs have been removed and transferred to Photographs from Peoples Temple miscellany, 1966-1978, MSP 4126.
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding Jonestown Whitney Fosu Junior Division Historical
    1 Understanding Jonestown Whitney Fosu Junior Division Historical Paper Paper Length: 2,019 Words 2 The 1960s and 1970s were a bleak and uncertain time for many. During these decades, both the Civil Rights movement and the Women's Liberation movement were transpiring. Overall, this period was a difficult time for people everywhere. During the 1970s, Jim Jones' church, Peoples Temple, was a momentous accomplishment for welcoming all genders, races, and ages, yet this is where the triumph ends. In addition to his instability, and the members' mindless compliance, the criticisms and the political powers of outsiders ignited the tragedy of mass suicide. This remains a cautionary tale for everyday life, as it could very much occur again. Introduction into Jim Jones’ Life Jim Warren Jones was born on May 31, 1931, to James Thurman Jones and Lynetta Putnam Jones in Crete, Indiana. When he was born, his mother was working as a factory worker, while his dad was in a poor state of health due to his exposure to poisonous gasses during World War I. Growing up, he became more and more cognizant of the distinctions between his life and that of other children around him. It can be said that he was somewhat neglected during his youth as a result of his mother having to work all day leaving him with no one to care for him, and his father barely spending any time with him because of his involvement in the Ku Klux Klan, a white supremacist group. His first encounter with religion came from his neighbor, Myrtle Kennedy, who cared for him during his childhood.
    [Show full text]
  • Fighting Injustice
    Fighting Injustice by Michael E. Tigar Copyright © 2001 by Michael E. Tigar All rights reserved CONTENTS Introduction 000 Prologue It Doesn’t Get Any Better Than This 000 Chapter 1 The Sense of Injustice 000 Chapter 2 What Law School Was About 000 Chapter 3 Washington – Unemployment Compensation 000 Chapter 4 Civil Wrongs 000 Chapter 5 Divisive War -- Prelude 000 Chapter 6 Divisive War – Draft Board Days and Nights 000 Chapter 7 Military Justice Is to Justice . 000 Chapter 8 Chicago Blues 000 Chapter 9 Like A Bird On A Wire 000 Chapter 10 By Any Means Necessary 000 Chapter 11 Speech Plus 000 Chapter 12 Death – And That’s Final 000 Chapter 13 Politics – Not As Usual 000 Chapter 14 Looking Forward -- Changing Direction 000 Appendix Chronology 000 Afterword 000 SENSING INJUSTICE, DRAFT OF 7/11/13, PAGE 2 Introduction This is a memoir of sorts. So I had best make one thing clear. I am going to recount events differently than you may remember them. I will reach into the stream of memory and pull out this or that pebble that has been cast there by my fate. The pebbles when cast may have had jagged edges, now worn away by the stream. So I tell it as memory permits, and maybe not entirely as it was. This could be called lying, but more charitably it is simply what life gives to each of us as our memories of events are shaped in ways that give us smiles and help us to go on. I do not have transcripts of all the cases in the book, so I recall them as well as I can.
    [Show full text]
  • By Their Parents and Ancestors (Schlegel 1979). These Typologies
    36 PEOPLE' S TEMPLE: A REVITALIZATION MOVEMENT IN DESPAIR David Arenson Department of Anthropology University of California Santa Cruz, California Introduction The People's Temple was a revitalization movement which responded to the failure of American culture to provide a meaningful life for a segment of the population. To understand the dynamics of the Temple we must first look at the role such movements play in a given society. It has long been a contention of Western thought that people are born into this world as tabulae rasae or blank slates. While other animals are born with an instinctual understanding of the world and their role in it, human beings define the world through acceptance of the typologies, constructs, and values placed upon it by their parents and ancestors (Schlegel 1979). These typologies, constructs and values can be defined as culture--a long, fluctuating process passed on and modified from generation to generation. Culture seeks to define the world so that we who are born into something we cannot initially understand may function in, and derive meaning from, life. The culture into which we are born dictates our perceptions of the world. Though it is often taken as truth, cul- ture is a human-created reality which is not necessarily truthful. Rather, our culturally-constructed world provides us with meaning, order and certainty, a set of understandings by which we can coherently experience the unknown. Without a culturally-constructed world we are left with no structure for our activities and no basis for an understanding of the people and objects around us.
    [Show full text]
  • All Power to the People: the Black Panther Party As the Vanguard of the Oppressed
    ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE: THE BLACK PANTHER PARTY AS THE VANGUARD OF THE OPPRESSED by Matthew Berman A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of The Wilkes Honors College in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts in Liberal Arts and Sciences with a Concentration in American Studies Wilkes Honors College of Florida Atlantic University Jupiter, Florida May 2008 ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE: THE BLACK PANTHER PARTY AS THE VANGUARD OF THE OPPRESSED by Matthew Berman This thesis was prepared under the direction of the candidate’s thesis advisor, Dr. Christopher Strain, and has been approved by the members of her/his supervisory committee. It was submitted to the faculty of The Honors College and was accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in Liberal Arts and Sciences. SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE: ____________________________ Dr. Christopher Strain ____________________________ Dr. Laura Barrett ______________________________ Dean, Wilkes Honors College ____________ Date ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Author would like to thank (in no particular order) Andrew, Linda, Kathy, Barbara, and Ronald Berman, Mick and Julie Grossman, the 213rd, Graham and Megan Whitaker, Zach Burks, Shawn Beard, Jared Reilly, Ian “Easy” Depagnier, Dr. Strain, and Dr. Barrett for all of their support. I would also like to thank Bobby Seale, Fred Hampton, Huey Newton, and others for their inspiration. Thanks are also due to all those who gave of themselves in the struggle for showing us the way. “Never doubt that a small group of people can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” – Margaret Mead iii ABSTRACT Author: Matthew Berman Title: All Power to the People: The Black Panther Party as the Vanguard of the Oppressed Institution: Wilkes Honors College at Florida Atlantic University Thesis Advisor: Dr.
    [Show full text]